CN111635749A - Slick water system with resistance reduction and sand carrying functions and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Slick water system with resistance reduction and sand carrying functions and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111635749A CN111635749A CN202010530776.XA CN202010530776A CN111635749A CN 111635749 A CN111635749 A CN 111635749A CN 202010530776 A CN202010530776 A CN 202010530776A CN 111635749 A CN111635749 A CN 111635749A
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- slickwater
- monomer
- surfactant
- viscosity
- drag reducer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical group NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- -1 alkyl methacrylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002579 anti-swelling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XQPVIMDDIXCFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dodecylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)C=C XQPVIMDDIXCFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-4-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- ACWKAVFAONSRKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecyl-dimethyl-prop-2-enylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC=C ACWKAVFAONSRKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BKWMQCLROIZNLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexadecylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)C=C BKWMQCLROIZNLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KNSXNCFKSZZHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2,2-bis(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical class C=CC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C KNSXNCFKSZZHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- AVWKSSYTZYDQFG-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-octadecyl-prop-2-enylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC=C AVWKSSYTZYDQFG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PZDUWXKXFAIFOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PZDUWXKXFAIFOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 3
- YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 1,3-benzoxazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(C(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 YDKNBNOOCSNPNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RCNSZOSXOKUSCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octylpropanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNC(=O)CC RCNSZOSXOKUSCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DBLNSVZHOZOZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tetradecylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)C=C DBLNSVZHOZOZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- YMRUATNCGHACPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[2-(methylazaniumyl)ethyl]azanium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C[NH2+]CC[N+](C)(C)C YMRUATNCGHACPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- GJJSCQIIISLCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].C(C=C)(=O)NC(CS(=O)(=O)O)(CCCCCCCCCC)C Chemical compound [Na].C(C=C)(=O)NC(CS(=O)(=O)O)(CCCCCCCCCC)C GJJSCQIIISLCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RPKFXJVYJWXXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].C(C=C)(=O)NC(CS(=O)(=O)O)CCCCCCCCCCCC Chemical compound [Na].C(C=C)(=O)NC(CS(=O)(=O)O)CCCCCCCCCCCC RPKFXJVYJWXXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- IRLPACMLTUPBCL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 5'-adenylyl sulfate Chemical group C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O IRLPACMLTUPBCL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003165 hydrotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
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- ZNAOFAIBVOMLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C ZNAOFAIBVOMLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002794 monomerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IMUSDRGHYXFUMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine;dihydrobromide Chemical compound Br.Br.CN(C)CCN(C)C IMUSDRGHYXFUMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AWGZKFQMWZYCHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNC(=O)C=C AWGZKFQMWZYCHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ALURCLVYPAFOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)NC(CS(=O)(=O)[O-])(CCCCCCCCCC)C.[Na+] ALURCLVYPAFOOF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UHDWLRNWCQMFSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium N-(1-sulfotetradecan-2-yl)prop-2-enimidate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)NC(=O)C=C UHDWLRNWCQMFSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- SQCAYRYCRFMSHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromo-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound BrC(C(N(C)C)Br)N(C)C SQCAYRYCRFMSHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAKCOSURAUIXFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoxypropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC=C PAKCOSURAUIXFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXKJCYOFOIIBHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(tetradecyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C VXKJCYOFOIIBHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical group CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MLGWTHRHHANFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-en-1-amine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCC=C MLGWTHRHHANFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/602—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation containing surfactants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/602—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation containing surfactants
- C09K8/604—Polymeric surfactants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/607—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation specially adapted for clay formations
- C09K8/608—Polymer compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
- C09K8/882—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/12—Swell inhibition, i.e. using additives to drilling or well treatment fluids for inhibiting clay or shale swelling or disintegrating
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a slickwater system with both drag reduction and sand carrying, which comprises 0.02-0.3 wt% of instant associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01-0.1 wt% of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1-2 wt% of clay stabilizer and the balance of water4mg/L, and the hardness resistance reaches 10000 mg/L.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation, and particularly relates to a slickwater system with resistance reduction and sand carrying functions and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous deepening of exploration and development, the proportion of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs is increased year by year, and particularly, the proportion is higher and higher since shale gas enters into commercial development in China. And the unconventional oil and gas reservoirs are mainly reformed by large-scale volume fracturing. According to the characteristics of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in China, the most used fracturing fluid at present is a 'slickwater + glue solution' composite fracturing fluid system, wherein the slickwater system accounts for 70-90% and the liquid consumption is large.
The slickwater system has a good anti-drag effect, and can reduce construction pressure while improving construction discharge capacity; the system is low in viscosity, liquid can enter micro cracks in a reservoir, intra-crack static pressure is formed through high discharge capacity, natural cracks are communicated, a complex crack net structure is formed, and a modification system is enlarged; meanwhile, the high-discharge injection of the slickwater system can carry the propping agent with smaller particle size to enter the stratum to prop the fracture, improve the flow conductivity of the fracture and improve the yield. Compared with the traditional crosslinking glue solution, the addition amount of the drag reducer in the slippery water is less, the damage to the stratum and the crack can be greatly reduced, and the improvement effect is more favorably improved. For areas with rich water resources, slickwater fracturing is adopted for reservoir volume reconstruction, and the total cost is lower than that of a glue solution system.
The main additive in the slickwater system is a drag reducer, and the types of the drag reducers commonly used at home and abroad comprise polyacrylamide drag reducers and surfactant drag reducers. The polyacrylamide drag reducer is the most commonly used drag reducer due to low dosage and high drag reduction efficiency; surfactant-based drag reducers have become a class of drag reducers that have received much attention in recent years because of their ability to form shear-reversible micelle structures. The high molecular polymer is easily subjected to mechanical degradation and loss of resistance reduction capability due to the shearing action of high shear flow from a pump and the like because of a straight-long chain molecular structure, so that the high molecular polymer drag reducer is only suitable for a non-circulating fluid conveying system; meanwhile, the polyacrylamide drag reducer has poor salt resistance, and is not suitable for preparing slick water from high-salinity water quality. Surfactant drag reducers cannot be widely used due to their high use levels and high cost.
When the slickwater is adopted for volume fracturing, the liquid consumption is basically over 2 ten thousand, and the slickwater is prepared on site by adopting a continuous mixing process, so that higher requirements are placed on the solubility of a slickwater system.
In addition, the prior domestic and overseas polyacrylamide slickwater system has the biggest defect that: the ability to deliver proppant is poor. The viscosity of the water-reducing fracturing fluid is low, the proppant is conveyed mainly by means of turbulence, sand dams and sand beds, and can still be prematurely precipitated at ground equipment or a longer horizontal well section and cannot be uniformly laid, so that the cracks are difficult to be effectively supported, and the flow conductivity of the cracks is reduced; meanwhile, a large amount of propping agents are accumulated in the near well fractures and are difficult to convey to a far well zone, so that the effective fracture length is seriously influenced, the blockage is easily caused, and the permeability of a reservoir is reduced. On site, the increase of the drag reducer is usually adopted, the viscosity of slickwater is increased, and then the sand suspension performance of the slickwater is improved, but when the viscosity is increased, the drag reduction rate is greatly reduced, and the aim of efficient drag reduction under high-displacement construction cannot be fulfilled.
Therefore, an instant slickwater system or a slickwater system combination which can be quickly dissolved and has good resistance reducing performance and good sand carrying performance is needed to be invented, so that the unification of resistance reducing and sand carrying performances is realized, meanwhile, the system can be prepared by adopting water with high mineralization and high hardness, and the environmental protection pressure brought by a large amount of flowback liquid and produced water is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an instant slickwater system which is instant, highly efficient in drag reduction, good in sand-carrying performance and salt-resistant, and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a slickwater system with resistance reduction and sand carrying functions, which comprises:
0.02 to 0.3 wt% of an associative polymer drag reducing agent;
0.01-0.1 wt% of a nonionic surfactant and/or an anionic surfactant;
0.1-2 wt% of a clay stabilizer;
the balance of water;
the associative polymer drag reducer is obtained by post-hydrolyzing a copolymer; the copolymer comprises acrylamide monomer units and second monomer units; the second monomer unit is a hydrophobic monomer unit and/or an amphiphilic monomer unit; the second monomer units are distributed in the molecular chain of the copolymer in a micro-block form;
or the copolymer comprises an acrylamide monomer unit, a second monomer unit and a temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer unit;
the degree of hydrolysis of the associative polymer drag reducing agent is from 5% to 25%.
Preferably, the slickwater system comprises one or more of low-viscosity slickwater, medium-viscosity slickwater and high-viscosity slickwater; the viscosity of the low-viscosity slippery water is 1-4 mPa.s; the viscosity of the medium-viscosity and smooth water is 5-10 mPa.s; the viscosity of the high-viscosity slickwater is 11-20 mPa.s.
Preferably, the low-viscosity slickwater consists of 0.02 to 0.08 percent of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1 to 2 percent of clay stabilizer and the balance of water in percentage by mass;
the moderate-viscosity slippery water consists of 0.08 to 0.15 percent of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1 to 2 percent of clay stabilizer and the balance of water;
the high-viscosity slickwater consists of 0.15 to 0.3 percent of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1 to 2 percent of clay stabilizer and the balance of water.
Preferably, the second monomer unit is formed by one or more of N-alkyl substituted acrylamide and derivatives thereof, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, allyl alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, acrylamide alkyl sulfonic acid and sulfonate thereof, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene acrylate and polyoxyethylene alkyl acrylate; the carbon atoms of the alkyl in the N-alkyl substituted acrylamide and derivatives thereof, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, allyl alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, acrylamide alkyl sulfonic acid and sulfonate thereof are respectively and independently 12-24;
the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer unit is formed by 2-acrylamide-2-methacrylic acid and/or 2-acrylamide-2-sodium methacrylate.
Preferably, the second monomer unit is composed of lauryl acrylate, cetyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate, N-dodecylacrylamide, N-hexadecylacrylamide, N-octylpropionamide, sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyldicosyl sulfonate, N-tetradecylacrylamide, N-dioctylacrylamide, hexadecylallyldibromotetramethylethylenediamine, sodium 2-acrylamidotetradecanesulfonate, sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyldodecanesulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene acrylate, octylphenol polyoxyethylene acrylate, dodecylpolyoxyethylene acrylate, octadecylallyldimethylethylenediamine dibromide, hexadecylpolyoxyethylene acrylate, tetradecyldimethylallyl ammonium chloride, N-dodecylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide, N-dodecylacrylamide, N-allyldodecylethylenediamine, N-dodecylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide, N-acrylamido-2-methyldodecanesulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene, One or more of hexadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride and octadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride;
the micro-block length of the second monomer unit in the copolymer molecular chain is 10-100 second monomer units.
Preferably, the clay stabilizer is selected from KCl and NH4One or more of Cl, choline chloride and quaternary ammonium salt organic anti-swelling agents;
the nonionic surfactant is selected from one or more of polyether nonionic surfactants, nonionic gemini surfactants, polyether nonionic surfactants and fluorocarbon nonionic surfactants;
the anionic surfactant is selected from one or more of petroleum sulfonate anionic surfactant, alkylbenzene sulfonate anionic surfactant, alpha-olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, anionic gemini surfactant, polyether anionic surfactant and fluorocarbon anionic surfactant;
the intrinsic viscosity of the associative polymer drag reducer is 500-3500 mL/g.
Preferably, the mass of the second monomer in the preparation of the associative polymer drag reducer is 0.2-10 wt% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer;
the mass of the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is 0-50 wt% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer during preparation of the associative polymer drag reducer.
Preferably, a cosolvent is added in the preparation of the associative polymer drag reducer; the mass of the cosolvent is 0.1-3% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; the cosolvent is selected from one or more of cosolvent monomers, surfactant cosolvent and small molecular aids; the cosolvent monomer is selected from hydrophilic monomers and/or amphiphilic functional monomers; the surfactant is selected from one or more of anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant and zwitterionic surfactant; the small molecular auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of alcohols, urea and inorganic salts.
Preferably, the cosolvent comprises a solubilizing monomer, a surfactant cosolvent and a small molecular assistant; the mass ratio of the solubilizing monomer, the surfactant cosolvent to the small molecular auxiliary agent is (0.2-0.3): (0.6-1): (0.55-1);
the cosolvent monomer is selected from one or more of methoxy polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, tetradecyl allyl tetra-methyl ethylene diammonium dibromide, allyl glycidyl ether, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 3-allyloxy-1, 2-propylene glycol and allyl polyethylene glycol;
the surfactant is selected from fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether;
the small molecular auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of urea, glycerol and sodium chloride.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the slickwater system with resistance reduction and sand carrying, which comprises the following steps:
A) mixing and stirring 0.02-0.3 wt% of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01-0.1 wt% of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1-2 wt% of clay stabilizer and the balance of water to obtain a slickwater system.
The invention provides a slickwater system with both drag reduction and sand carrying, which comprises 0.02-0.3 wt% of association polymer drag reducer; 0.01 to 0.1 wt% of a nonionic surfactant and/or an anionic surfactant, 0.1 to 2 wt% of a clay stabilizerThe water-resistant anti-skid polymer-based fracturing fluid system comprises an acrylamide monomer unit and a second monomer unit, wherein the second monomer unit is a hydrophobic monomer unit and/or an amphiphilic monomer unit, the second monomer unit is distributed in a copolymer molecular chain in a micro-block mode, or the copolymer comprises the acrylamide monomer unit, the second monomer unit and a temperature-resistant salt-resistant monomer unit, the hydrolysis degree of the associative polymer-based drag reducer is 5-25%, compared with the prior art, the water-resistant anti-skid fluid system provided by the invention has good drag reduction performance under the condition of low viscosity, the drag reduction rate is 70-80%, the water-resistant anti-skid fluid system can enter micro cracks of a reservoir layer and communicate natural cracks to manufacture a complex crack net through static pressure of slickwater, the drag reduction rate is slow under the conditions of medium viscosity and high viscosity, the friction reduction demand of large-displacement construction can be met, compared with the conventional polyacrylamide-based slickwater, the water-resistant slickwater can carry a propping agent to enter deep and branch seams to improve the flow conductivity of the formation, the improvement effect, the slickwater-resistant and the slickwater-resistant performance of a high-resistant slickwater-resistant water-resistant and the high-resistant water-resistant fracturing process can be carried in a high-resistant fracturing system, such as 25 × 10, and the high-resistant slickwater fracturing fluid-resistant water-resistant fracturing fluid system can be carried in the high-resistant fracturing fluid system, and the high-resistant fracturing fluid4mg/L, and the hardness resistance reaches 10000 mg/L.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the results of a drag reduction test on slick water in example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a dynamic sand-carrying testing apparatus used in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a dynamic sand-carrying test apparatus used in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of the main slits and the branch slits used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a slickwater system with resistance reduction and sand carrying functions, which comprises:
0.02 to 0.3 wt% of an associative polymer drag reducing agent;
0.01-0.1 wt% of a nonionic surfactant and/or an anionic surfactant;
0.1-2 wt% of a clay stabilizer;
the balance of water;
the associative polymer drag reducer is obtained by post-hydrolyzing a copolymer; the copolymer comprises acrylamide monomer units and second monomer units; the second monomer unit is a hydrophobic monomer unit and/or an amphiphilic monomer unit; the second monomer units are distributed in the molecular chain of the copolymer in a micro-block form;
or the copolymer comprises an acrylamide monomer unit, a second monomer unit and a temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer unit;
the degree of hydrolysis of the associative polymer drag reducing agent is from 5% to 25%.
Wherein the associative polymer drag reducer of the present invention is synthesized indoors, and the remaining reagents are commercially available.
According to the invention, the content of the associative polymer drag reducer in the slickwater system is preferably 0.02-0.25 wt%, more preferably 0.02-0.15 wt%, and still more preferably 0.02-0.1 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably present in an amount of 0.17 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably present in an amount of 0.2 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably present in an amount of 0.15 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably present in an amount of 0.1 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably present in an amount of 0.05 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably present in an amount of 0.02 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably present in an amount of 0.12 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably present in an amount of 0.08 wt%; in other embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably present in an amount of 0.3 wt%; . The polymer is hydrolyzed by a post-hydrolysis mode, the hydrolysis degree is 5-40%, preferably 10-35%, more preferably 20-30%, and most preferably 20-25%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer preferably has a degree of hydrolysis of 10%; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer preferably has a degree of hydrolysis of 20%; in other embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer preferably has a degree of hydrolysis of 25%.
The associative polymer drag reducer is obtained by hydrolyzing a copolymer, preferably aqueous solution polymerization (micelle polymerization) is adopted firstly, and then the associative polymer drag reducer is obtained by hydrolyzing; the copolymer comprises acrylamide monomer units and second monomer units; or the copolymer comprises an acrylamide monomer unit, a second monomer unit and a temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer unit; the second monomer unit is a hydrophobic monomer unit and/or an amphiphilic monomer unit; the second monomer unit is preferably formed of one or more of N-alkyl substituted acrylamide and its derivatives, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, allyl alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, acrylamide alkyl sulfonic acid and its sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene acrylate and polyoxyethylene alkyl acrylate; the carbon number of the alkyl in the N-alkyl substituted acrylamide and derivatives thereof, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, allyl alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, acrylamide alkyl sulfonic acid and sulfonate thereof is preferably 12-24 and more preferably 12-22 independently; in the present invention, the second monomer unit is more preferably composed of lauryl acrylate, cetyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate, N-dodecylacrylamide, N-hexadecylacrylamide, N-octylpropionamide, sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyldicosyl sulfonate, N-tetradecylacrylamide, N-dioctylacrylamide, hexadecylallyldibromotetramethylethylenediamine, sodium 2-acrylamidotetradecanesulfonate, sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyldodecanesulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene acrylate, octylphenol polyoxyethylene acrylate, dodecylpolyoxyethylene acrylate, octadecylallyldimethylethylenediamine dibromide, hexadecylpolyoxyethylene acrylate, tetradecyldimethylammonium chloride, N-dodecylacrylamide, N-diallyldodecylacrylamide, N-allyldibromotetramethylethylenediamine, 2-acrylamidotetradecylpropylammonium sulfonate, sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methyldicosyl, One or more of hexadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride and octadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride; preferably one or more of dodecyl acrylate, N-dodecyl acrylamide, tetradecyl allyl tetramethylethylenediamine dibromide and hexadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride; the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is preferably formed by 2-acrylamide-2-methacrylic acid and/or sodium 2-acrylamide-2-methacrylate.
In the copolymer, the hydrophobic or amphiphilic monomer units are distributed in a micro-block form in a copolymer molecular chain, and the length of the micro-block is preferably 10-100 second monomer units, more preferably 30-90 second monomer units, and further preferably 40-90 second monomer units; in some embodiments provided herein, the microblocks are preferably 70 in length; in some embodiments provided herein, the microblocks are preferably 40 in length; in some embodiments provided herein, the microblocks are preferably 90 in length; in other embodiments provided herein, the microblocks are preferably 50 in length. The number or length of the micro-blocks in the associative polymer drag reducer can not be directly tested to obtain a result, and the result can be calculated according to the concentration of the hydrophobic or amphiphilic monomer, the concentration of the surfactant, the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant and the surface active aggregation number. Hydrophobic or amphiphilic monomer, solubilizing monomer and solubilizing surfactant can form micelle, can be understood as micelle polymerization, and form the micelle by regulating and controlling the activity of each hydrophobic or amphiphilic monomer and solubilizing surfactant on the basis of a great deal of previous working experienceThe molecular chain micro-block means is adjusted by the adding amount/concentration of the agent. Micro block NHThe number/length can be referred to in the article (Guo Y, Liang Y, Yang X, et al. Hydrophobic Microblock length effect on the interaction structure binding capacity beta a partially hydrolyzed microblock hydrogel associating polymer and surfactant [ J]Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2014,131(16): 40663).
The intrinsic viscosity of the associative polymer drag reducer is preferably 500-3500 mL/g; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer preferably has an intrinsic viscosity of 800 to 3000 mL/g; in some embodiments provided herein, the associative polymer drag reducer preferably has an intrinsic viscosity of 1000 to 2500 mL/g; the mass of the second monomer in the hydrophobic association polymer drag reducer is preferably 0.2-10% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer, and more preferably 0.5-8.5%; in some embodiments provided herein, the mass of the second monomer is preferably 0.5% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the mass of the second monomer is preferably 4.5% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the mass of the second monomer is preferably 1.3% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; in other embodiments provided herein, the mass of the second monomer is preferably 8.5% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; the mass of the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is preferably 0-50% of that of an acrylamide monomer, more preferably 2-40%, even more preferably 5-30%, and most preferably 10-25%; in some embodiments provided herein, the mass of the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is preferably 20% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the mass of the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is preferably 25% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the mass of the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is preferably 10% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; in other embodiments provided herein, the mass of the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is preferably 15% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer.
Because the associative polymer only contains acrylamide monomer units (skeleton) and second monomer units and/or temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer units with poor solubility, a cosolvent needs to be added in the preparation process to improve the solubility; the adding amount of the cosolvent is preferably 0.1-3% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer, and more preferably 0.15-3%; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably comprises 0.15% by mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably comprises 0.3% by mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably comprises 0.5% by mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably comprises 0.6% by mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably comprises 1.5% by mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably has a mass that is 3% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably comprises 1% by mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably comprises 1.5% by mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably has a mass that is 2% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably comprises 1.9% by mass of the acrylamide monomer; in some embodiments provided herein, the co-solvent preferably comprises 1.75% by mass of the acrylamide monomer; the added cosolvent is preferably one or more of an hydrotropic monomer, a surfactant cosolvent and a small molecular additive, more preferably two or three of the hydrotropic monomer, the surfactant cosolvent and the small molecular additive, and is further preferably the hydrotropic monomer, the surfactant cosolvent and the small molecular additive; the mass ratio of the solubilizing monomer, the surfactant cosolvent to the small molecular auxiliary agent is (0.2-0.3): (0.6-1): (0.55-1); in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the mass ratio of the solubilizing monomer, the surfactant co-solvent and the small molecule assistant is preferably 0.3: 0.6: 1; in other embodiments provided by the present invention, the mass ratio of the solubilizing monomer, the surfactant co-solvent, and the small molecule assistant is preferably 0.2: 1: 0.55; the cosolvent monomer is preferably a hydrophilic monomer and/or an amphiphilic functional monomer, and more preferably is one or more of methoxy polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, tetradecyl allyl tetramethylethylenediamine dibromide, allyl glycidyl ether, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 3-allyloxy-1, 2-propanediol and allyl polyethylene glycol; the surfactant cosolvent is preferably one or more of anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant and zwitterionic surfactant, and more preferably fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether; the small molecular auxiliary agent is preferably one or more of alcohols, urea and inorganic salts, and more preferably one or more of urea, glycerol and sodium chloride; when the cosolvent is only a small-molecular auxiliary agent, the cosolvent is preferably two or three of alcohols, urea and inorganic salt, and more preferably urea and inorganic salt or urea, inorganic salt and alcohols; the mass ratio of urea to inorganic salt is preferably 1: 05, carrying out a reaction; the mass ratio of the urea to the inorganic salt to the alcohol is preferably 1: 0.5: 0.5; when the cosolvent is a solubilizing aid monomer, the cosolvent is preferably added when acrylamide and a second monomer are copolymerized; when the cosolvent is a surfactant cosolvent and/or a small molecular auxiliary agent, the cosolvent is preferably added after copolymerization and during hydrolysis and drying.
The slickwater system provided by the invention takes the nonionic surfactant and/or the anionic surfactant as the composite synergist, and has the effects of reducing the surface tension of the slickwater, promoting the backflow of the slickwater after water pressure is increased, and reducing the damage of the slickwater to the stratum. The content of the nonionic surfactant and/or the anionic surfactant in the slickwater system is preferably 0.01-0.05 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant is preferably present in an amount of 0.01 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant is preferably present in an amount of 0.03 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant is preferably present in an amount of 0.05 wt%; the nonionic surfactant is not particularly limited, but is preferably one or more of polyether nonionic surfactants, nonionic gemini surfactants, polyether nonionic surfactants and fluorocarbon nonionic surfactants; the anionic surfactant is preferably one or more of petroleum sulfonate anionic surfactant, alkylbenzene sulfonate anionic surfactant, alpha-olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, anionic gemini surfactant, polyether anionic surfactant and fluorocarbon anionic surfactant;
according to the invention, the clay stabilizer preferably further comprises 0.2-2 wt%, in some embodiments provided by the invention, the content of the clay stabilizer is preferably 0.2 wt%; in some embodiments provided herein, the clay stabilizer is preferably present in an amount of 1 wt%; in other embodiments provided herein, the clay stabilizer is preferably present in an amount of 2 wt%; the clay stabilizer is not particularly limited as long as it is known to those skilled in the art, and KCl and NH are preferred in the present invention4One or more of Cl, choline chloride and quaternary ammonium salt organic anti-swelling agents; the quaternary ammonium salt organic anti-swelling agent is not particularly limited as long as it is well known to those skilled in the art, and in the present invention, the quaternary ammonium salt viscostabilizer GAF-16 is preferred. The clay stabilizer has the functions of preventing the clay minerals in the reservoir from being hydrated, expanded and moved, blocking the pore throat of the reservoir, reducing the permeability of the reservoir and influencing the yield after the pressure.
In the present invention, the water is well known to those skilled in the art, and may be tap water or mineralized water, without particular limitation.
According to the present invention, the slickwater system preferably comprises one or more of low-viscosity slickwater, medium-viscosity slickwater and high-viscosity slickwater; the viscosity of the low-viscosity slippery water is 1-4 mPa.s; the viscosity of the medium-viscosity and smooth water is 5-10 mPa.s; the viscosity of the high-viscosity slickwater is 11-20 mPa.s.
The low-viscosity slippery water preferably comprises, by mass, 0.02-0.08% of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01-0.1% of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1-2% of clay stabilizer and the balance of water; the moderate-viscosity slippery water preferably consists of 0.08 to 0.15 percent of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1 to 2 percent of clay stabilizer and the balance of water; the high-viscosity slickwater consists of 0.15 to 0.3 percent of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1 to 2 percent of clay stabilizer and the balance of water.
The slickwater system provided by the invention can form low-viscosity, medium-viscosity and high-viscosity slickwater systems by adjusting the dosage of the drag reducer, the slickwater systems with different viscosities have good resistance reduction performance, the construction pressure can be prevented from running in a high state for a long time, and in addition, the unstable construction caused by the huge fluctuation of the discharge capacity and the pressure can be avoided in the change process of the liquid from low-medium-high viscosity.
The slickwater system provided by the invention has better resistance reduction performance under the condition of low viscosity, the resistance reduction rate is 70-80%, and meanwhile, the slickwater system can enter micro cracks of a reservoir, and communicates natural cracks and manufactures complex crack nets by static pressure of slickwater; under the conditions of medium viscosity and high viscosity, the drag reduction rate is slowly reduced, and the friction resistance reduction requirement of large-displacement construction can be met; the system has high sand suspending performance, the low-viscosity slickwater can carry the proppant with low sand ratio, the medium-viscosity slickwater can carry the proppant with medium and high sand ratio, the high-viscosity slickwater can carry the proppant with higher sand ratio according to the requirement of a reservoir stratum, the high sand suspending performance avoids the problem that the delivery capacity is increased unknowingly and unknowingly to meet the requirement of proppant delivery, and finally the proppant can be delivered in a crack for a long distance through the high sand suspending performance of the system,compared with the conventional polyacrylamide slickwater, the system can realize the unification of drag reduction and sand carrying performance in principle, and can meet the requirements of different reservoirs and fracturing processes through slickwater combinations with different viscosities, such as low viscosity, medium viscosity slickwater, low viscosity, medium viscosity and high viscosity slickwater, and meanwhile, compared with the conventional polyacrylamide slickwater, the slickwater system has the capabilities of high mineralization resistance and high hardness, and the salt resistance can reach 25 × 104mg/L, and the hardness resistance reaches 10000 mg/L.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the slickwater system, which comprises the following steps: A) mixing and stirring 0.02-0.3 wt% of hydrophobic association polymer, 0.01-0.1 wt% of nonionic surfactant or anionic surfactant, 0.1-2 wt% of clay stabilizer and the balance of water to obtain a slickwater system.
The associative polymer drag reducer, the nonionic surfactant, the anionic surfactant and the clay stabilizer are the same as those described above, and are not described herein again.
In the present invention, the step a) is preferably specifically: under the condition of stirring, 0.02-0.3 wt% of associative polymer drag reducer is added into the balance of water, after stirring for 2-3 min, 0.01-0.1 wt% of nonionic surfactant or anionic surfactant and 0.1-2 wt% of clay stabilizer are added, and stirring is continued for 1-2 min to obtain a slickwater system.
Under the condition of stirring, adding 0.02-0.3 wt% of hydrophobic association polymer into the balance of water; the speed of agitation is preferably such that the agitator blades are visible from the bottom of the vortex when the water is agitated; the hydrophobically associative polymer is preferably added slowly to avoid the formation of "fish eyes".
And after stirring for 2-3 min, adding 0.01-0.1 wt% of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, preferably further adding 0.1-2 wt% of clay stabilizer, and continuously stirring for 2-3 min to obtain a slickwater system. The clay stabilizer is the same as that described above, and is not described herein again.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following will describe in detail a slickwater system and a preparation method thereof, which combine drag reduction and sand carrying, provided by the present invention, with reference to the following examples.
The associative polymer drag reducing agent used in the following examples was synthesized in-house, and the remaining reagents were commercially available.
Example 1 (mass percentages in this example are based on the mass of acrylamide monomer):
based on the associative polymer drag reducer that the hydrophobic monomer unit is 0.5 weight percent of cetyl methacrylate, the micro-block element length is 70 associative monomer units, the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is AMPS 15 weight percent, the intrinsic viscosity is 1082mL/g, the associative polymer drag reducer is hydrolyzed by adopting a post-hydrolysis mode, and the hydrolysis degree is 25 percent. Based on the above, the influence of different addition agents on the solubility of the drag reducer in different instant dissolving technical means, i.e. in the synthesis stage, is examined, as shown in table 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing a certain amount of pure water, feeding 0.5 wt% of hydrophobic monomer cetyl methacrylate, 15 wt% of temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer AMPS, a certain amount of instant assistant (allyl glycidyl ether monomer or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (EO ═ 9)) and 0.02% of EDTA, uniformly stirring, adjusting the pH value to 7-9, cooling to-5-0 ℃, adding an initiator, and carrying out polymerization initiation to obtain the colorless transparent colloid. Shearing colloid, adding a certain amount of sodium hydroxide (HD of 25%), instant assistant (inorganic salt or small molecular solvent) and oily dispersant G36, mixing, hydrolyzing at 90 deg.C for 2h, and drying for 2 h. The intrinsic viscosity is 1100-1400 mL/g according to a GB2005.1-89 five-point method. According to the preparation method, the influence of different rapid dissolving technical means, namely adding different additives in the synthesis stage on the solubility of the drag reducer is respectively considered, and the influence is shown in table 1.
Solubility and viscosity test methods: weighing a certain amount of water for preparing the solution, setting the rotating speed of a stirrer to be 2500rpm, slowly adding the associative polymer drag reducer (the addition is finished within 30 s), stirring for 3min, and testing for 170s by using a Grace3600 type viscometer-1Viscosity, after standing for 24h, the stable viscosity was again tested. Concentration of the prepared Polymer solutionIs a 0.15% polymer solution.
TABLE 1 Experimental results of different instant dissolving technical means
Note: 10 ten thousand of water is 9.44 percent of NaCl and 0.56 percent of CaCl2Solutions of
Example 2
Based on that the amphiphilic monomer unit is 4.5 wt% of dodecyl dipropyl allyl ammonium chloride, the micro-block length is 40 associative monomer units, the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is 10 wt% of AMPS, the dissolution-assisting system is 0.3 wt% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether (EO ═ 9) +0.4 wt% of urea +0.05 wt% of glycerol, the intrinsic viscosity is 739mL/g, the associative polymer drag reducer with the hydrolysis degree of 20% is hydrolyzed by adopting a post-hydrolysis mode (the preparation method is the same as that of example 1), a slickwater system is prepared, and related performances are tested.
Preparing slick water:
weighing a certain amount of water for preparing the solution, adjusting the rotating speed of a stirrer until a vortex is formed, and weighing corresponding adding amounts of the associative polymer drag reducer, the surfactant and the clay stabilizer according to a slickwater formula; firstly, slowly adding the associative polymer drag reducer, stirring for 2-3 min, then adding the clay stabilizer and the synergist, and continuously stirring for 1-2 min to obtain the formula slick water.
Slick water viscosity test:
and measuring the kinematic viscosity of the slickwater by using a product's capillary viscometer, and calculating to obtain the apparent viscosity.
And (3) testing the drag reduction rate of slick water:
according to NB/T14003.3-2017' part 3 of shale gas fracturing fluid: performance indexes of the continuous mixed fracturing fluid and a method 6.15.3 in the evaluation method test the drag reduction rate in the slickwater chamber, wherein the linear velocity of the slickwater is 10m/s, and the test pipe diameter is 8 mm.
And (3) testing the surface tension of the slick water:
500g of prepared slickwater is weighed, 0.25g of ammonium persulfate is added, the obtained mixture is uniformly mixed and placed in a water bath kettle at 90 ℃ until the viscosity is reduced to be below 5 mPa.s. And testing the surface tension of the slickwater by adopting a surface interfacial tension meter according to a SY/T5370-2018 surface and interfacial tension measuring method.
And (3) testing the anti-swelling rate of the slick water:
500g of prepared slickwater is weighed, 0.25g of ammonium persulfate is added, the obtained mixture is uniformly mixed and placed in a water bath kettle at 90 ℃ until the viscosity is reduced to be below 3 mPa.s. Sodium bentonite is adopted, and the anti-swelling rate of the slickwater is tested according to SY/T5971 'evaluation method of performance of clay stabilizer for water injection'.
According to the formula in the table 2, 40L of slickwater is prepared, the apparent viscosity and the drag reduction rate of the slickwater are tested in water with different mineralization degrees and under different drag reduction agent adding amount conditions, and the test results are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 slippery Water Performance test results
As can be seen from Table 2, the viscosity of the slickwater gradually increases with the increase of the concentration of the drag reducer, the drag reduction ratio increases first and then decreases, and the viscosity of the slickwater can be controlled by adjusting the addition amount of the drag reducer so as to reach the viscosity of the slickwater required on site. When the viscosity in clear water is lower than 15mPa.s, the drag reduction rate is more than 70 percent; when the viscosity is more than 15mPa.s, the drag reduction rate is more than 65 percent; in mineralization water, when the viscosity is lower than 10mPa.s, the drag reduction rate is more than 70 percent; when the viscosity is more than 10mPa.s, the drag reduction rate is more than 65%.
500ml of 0.05% drag reducer and 0.2% quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer GAF-16 slickwater was prepared from tap water, and the synergist was added according to the surfactant concentration in Table 2, and the surface tension of slickwater was tested under different surfactant concentrations, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 slippery water surface tension test results
From the test results in Table 3, it can be seen that the surface tension of the slick water is gradually reduced with the increase of the surfactant concentration, and the surface tension of the slick water can be controlled to reach the required surface tension value by adjusting the addition amount of the surfactant.
500ml of slickwater of 0.05 percent drag reducer solution and 0.005 percent fluorocarbon surfactant is prepared by using tap water, the slickwater is added according to the concentration of the clay stabilizer in the table 4, the anti-swelling rate of the slickwater is tested under the conditions of different concentrations of the clay stabilizer, and the test results are shown in the table 4.
TABLE 4 measurement results of the swelling ratio of slickwater
From the test results in table 4, it can be known that the anti-swelling rate gradually increases with the increase of the concentration of the clay stabilizer, and the addition of the clay stabilizer can be adjusted according to the field requirements, so that the clay stabilizer achieves the corresponding anti-swelling effect.
Example 3
Based on that the hydrophobic monomer unit is octadecyl methacrylate 0.5 wt%, the length of the micro-block element is 70 associative monomer units, the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is AMPS 10 wt%, the dissolution-assisting system is 0.2 wt% of allyl glycidyl ether +0.5 wt% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (EO ═ 12) +0.4 wt% of urea +0.05 wt% of glycerol, the intrinsic viscosity is 1082mL/g, the obtained product is hydrolyzed by adopting a post-hydrolysis mode (the preparation method is the same as that of example 1), the degree of hydrolysis is 25% of the associative polymer drag reducer, a slickwater system is prepared, and related performances are tested.
Measuring 500ml of solution preparation water, adjusting the rotating speed of a stirrer to be 500rad/min, weighing 0.25g of drag reducer (0.05% wt), slowly adding the drag reducer into a beaker to avoid forming fish eyes, and observing the complete dissolution time of the drag reducer. The test results are shown in table 5.
Table 5 solubility test results
From the test results in table 5, it can be seen that the associative polymer drag reducer has a short dissolution time in tap water, can be dissolved within 60s, has a long dissolution time in brine, but can be dissolved within 180s, and can meet the requirements of a large-scale fracturing continuous compounding process.
40L of slickwater was prepared according to the formulation in Table 6, and the apparent viscosity and drag reduction rate of the slickwater were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 slippery Water Performance test results
From table 6, it can be seen that, as the concentration of the drag reducer increases, the drag reduction rate of slickwater increases and then decreases, when the viscosity in clear water is lower than 15mpa.s, the drag reduction rate is greater than 70%, and when the viscosity is greater than 15mpa.s, the drag reduction rate is greater than 65%; in mineralization water, when the viscosity is lower than 10mPa.s, the drag reduction rate is higher than 70%, and when the viscosity is higher than 10mPa.s, the drag reduction rate is higher than 65%.
Example 4
Based on that the amphiphilic monomer unit is tetradecyl allyl dibromo tetramethylethylenediamine 8.5 wt%, the length of the micro-block unit is 90 associative monomer units, the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is AMPS 20 wt%, the dissolution-assisting system is 0.3 wt% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (EO 10) +0.5 wt% urea +0.8 wt% sodium chloride +0.05 wt% glycerol, the intrinsic viscosity is 1462mL/g, hydrolysis is performed by adopting a post-hydrolysis mode (the preparation method is the same as in example 1), the associative polymer drag reducer with the hydrolysis degree of 20% is prepared, a slickwater system is prepared, and related performance is tested
40L of slickwater was prepared according to the formulation in Table 7 and tested for apparent viscosity and drag reduction, the results of which are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 slickwater compositions and Performance test results
From table 7, it can be seen that, as the concentration of the drag reducer increases, the drag reduction ratio of slickwater increases and then decreases, when the viscosity in clear water is lower than 15mpa.s, the drag reduction ratio is greater than 70%, and when the viscosity is greater than 15mpa.s, the drag reduction ratio is greater than 65%; in mineralized water, when the viscosity of slick water is lower than 5mPa.s, the drag reduction rate is higher than 70%, and when the viscosity is higher than 5mPa.s, the drag reduction rate is higher than 65%.
Example 5
Based on that the hydrophobic monomer unit is 1.3 wt% of N-hexadecyl acrylamide, the micro-block length is 50 associative monomer units, the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is 25 wt% of AMPS, the cosolvent system is 0.15 wt% of allyl glycidyl ether +0.2 wt% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (EO ═ 10) +0.2 wt% of urea +0.1 wt% of glycerol, the intrinsic viscosity is 1956mL/g, hydrolysis is carried out by adopting a post-hydrolysis mode (the preparation method is the same as that of example 1), the associative polymer drag reducer with the hydrolysis degree of 10% is prepared, a slickwater system is prepared, and related performances are tested.
40L of slickwater was prepared according to the formulation in Table 8, and the apparent viscosity and drag reduction of the slickwater were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 slickwater compositions and Performance test results
From table 8, it can be seen that, as the concentration of the drag reducer increases, the drag reduction ratio of slickwater increases and then decreases, when the viscosity in clear water is lower than 15mpa.s, the drag reduction ratio is greater than 70%, and when the viscosity is greater than 15mpa.s, the drag reduction ratio is greater than 65%; in mineralized water, the drag reduction rate of slick water is more than 65%, and the salt resistance of the drag reduction agent reaches 250000 mg/L.
Example 6
Drag reducer: drag reducer in example 2, drag reducer in example 3, drag reducer in example 4, drag reducer in example 5, polyacrylamide drag reducer, cleanup additive: fluorocarbon surfactant, clay stabilizer: the quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer GAF-16 is used for changing the concentration of the drag reducer, the fixed concentration of the cleanup additive is 0.01 percent, the fixed concentration of the clay stabilizer is 0.2 percent, 500mL of slickwater with the viscosity shown in the table 9 is prepared by tap water according to the preparation method of the slickwater, and the drag reduction rate of the slickwater is tested. The test results are shown in table 9 and fig. 1.
TABLE 9 test results of drag reduction of slickwater
From the results of the tests in table 9 and fig. 1, it can be seen that as viscosity increases, drag reduction increases and then decreases, but the associated polymer drag reducer formulation slip water drag reduction decreases less than the polyacrylamide drag reducer formulation slip water.
Example 7
Method for testing dynamic sand carrying performance of slipway water
The flow chart of the dynamic sand-carrying testing device is shown in fig. 2, the physical chart is shown in fig. 3, and the distribution of the main slits and the branch slits is shown in fig. 4. In FIG. 4, 1-1, 2-1 and 3-1 are branch seams, and 1-2, 2-2 and 3-2 are secondary seams; the main seam is 4m long and 50cm high; the branch seam is 1m and 50cm high; the secondary slits are 70cm high and 50cm high.
Uniformly mixing slickwater and medium-density ceramsite of 40-70 meshes according to a sand ratio of 8%, injecting the mixed liquid into a dynamic sand carrying model through a pump at a discharge capacity of 50L/min, observing the laying conditions of the ceramsite in a main gap, a branch gap and a secondary gap, measuring the migration distance of the ceramsite in the main gap, the branch gap and the secondary gap and the balance height of a sand bank where the ceramsite is laid, and reflecting the sand carrying performance of the slickwater through two parameters.
Drag reducer: drag reducing agents in example 2, drag reducing agents in example 3, drag reducing agents in example 4, drag reducing agents in example 5, polyacrylamide drag reducing agents; a cleanup additive: a fluorocarbon surfactant; clay stabilizer: a quaternary ammonium clay stabilizer GAF-16; tap water was used to prepare 150L of slickwater having a viscosity of 2.0mpa.s according to the formulations in tables 10 and 11, and the dynamic sand-carrying performance of the slickwater was tested. The test results are shown in tables 10 and 11.
TABLE 10 result of dynamic sand-carrying performance test of slipstream
TABLE 11 result of dynamic sand-carrying performance test of slipstream
As can be seen from tables 10 and 11, at low viscosities, the dynamic sand-carrying properties of the slickwater system formulated with the associative polymer drag reducer are substantially the same as those of the slickwater system formulated with the polyacrylamide drag reducer. The number and the migration distance of the branch seams of the static shavings are approximately equivalent.
Example 8
Method for testing dynamic sand carrying performance of slipway water
The flow chart of the dynamic sand-carrying testing device is shown in fig. 2, the physical chart is shown in fig. 3, and the distribution of the main slits and the branch slits is shown in fig. 4. In FIG. 4, 1-1, 2-1 and 3-1 are branch seams, and 1-2, 2-2 and 3-2 are secondary seams; the main seam is 4m long and 50cm high; the branch seam is 1m and 50cm high; the secondary slits are 70cm high and 50cm high.
Uniformly mixing slickwater and medium-density ceramsite of 40-70 meshes according to a sand ratio of 8%, injecting the mixed liquid into a dynamic sand carrying model through a pump at a discharge capacity of 50L/min, observing the laying conditions of the ceramsite in a main gap, a branch gap and a secondary gap, measuring the migration distance of the ceramsite in the main gap, the branch gap and the secondary gap and the balance height of a sand bank where the ceramsite is laid, and reflecting the sand carrying performance of the slickwater through two parameters.
Drag reducer: drag reducer in example 2, drag reducer in example 3, drag reducer in example 4, drag reducer in example 5, polyacrylamide drag reducer, cleanup additive: fluorocarbon surfactant, clay stabilizer: a quaternary ammonium clay stabilizer GAF-16; 150L of slickwater with the viscosity of 6mPa.s is prepared by using tap water according to the formulas in the table 12 and the table 13, and the dynamic sand carrying performance of the slickwater is tested. The test results are shown in tables 12 and 13.
TABLE 12 result of dynamic sand-carrying performance test of slipstream
TABLE 13 result of dynamic sand-carrying performance test of slipstream
Under the condition of medium viscosity, the dynamic sand carrying performance of a slickwater system prepared by the associative polymer drag reducer is better than that of slickwater prepared by the polyacrylamide drag reducer, the proppant can be carried into more branch seams, the migration distance is longer, and the thickness of the proppant laid in the branch seams is higher.
Example 9
Method for testing dynamic sand carrying performance of slipway water
The flow chart of the dynamic sand-carrying testing device is shown in fig. 2, the physical chart is shown in fig. 3, and the distribution of the main slits and the branch slits is shown in fig. 4. In FIG. 4, 1-1, 2-1 and 3-1 are branch seams, and 1-2, 2-2 and 3-2 are secondary seams; the main seam is 4m long and 50cm high; the branch seam is 1m and 50cm high; the secondary slits are 70cm high and 50cm high.
Uniformly mixing slickwater and medium-density ceramsite of 40-70 meshes according to a sand ratio of 8%, injecting the mixed liquid into a dynamic sand carrying model through a pump at a discharge capacity of 50L/min, observing the laying conditions of the ceramsite in a main gap, a branch gap and a secondary gap, measuring the migration distance of the ceramsite in the main gap, the branch gap and the secondary gap and the balance height of a sand bank where the ceramsite is laid, and reflecting the sand carrying performance of the slickwater through two parameters.
Drag reducer: drag reducer in example 2, drag reducer in example 3, drag reducer in example 4, drag reducer in example 5, polyacrylamide drag reducer, cleanup additive: fluorocarbon surfactant, clay stabilizer: a quaternary ammonium clay stabilizer GAF-16; 150L of slickwater with the viscosity of 12mPa.s is prepared by adopting tap water according to the formulas in the table 14 and the table 15, and the dynamic sand carrying performance of the slickwater is tested. The test results are shown in tables 14 and 15.
TABLE 14 result of dynamic sand-carrying performance test of slipstream
TABLE 15 result of dynamic sand-carrying performance test of slipstream
Under the condition of high viscosity, the dynamic sand carrying performance of a slickwater system prepared by the associative polymer drag reducer is better than that of slickwater prepared by the polyacrylamide drag reducer, the proppant can be carried into more branch seams, the migration distance is longer, and the thickness of the proppant laid in the branch seams is higher.
Claims (10)
1. A slickwater system with both drag reduction and sand carrying functions is characterized by comprising:
0.02 to 0.3 wt% of an associative polymer drag reducing agent;
0.01-0.1 wt% of a nonionic surfactant and/or an anionic surfactant;
0.1-2 wt% of a clay stabilizer;
the balance of water;
the associative polymer drag reducer is obtained by post-hydrolyzing a copolymer; the copolymer comprises acrylamide monomer units and second monomer units; the second monomer unit is a hydrophobic monomer unit and/or an amphiphilic monomer unit; the second monomer units are distributed in the molecular chain of the copolymer in a micro-block form;
or the copolymer comprises an acrylamide monomer unit, a second monomer unit and a temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer unit;
the degree of hydrolysis of the associative polymer drag reducing agent is from 5% to 25%.
2. The slickwater system according to claim 1, characterised in that the slickwater system comprises one or more of low, medium and high viscosity slickwater; the viscosity of the low-viscosity slippery water is 1-4 mPa.s; the viscosity of the medium-viscosity and smooth water is 5-10 mPa.s; the viscosity of the high-viscosity slickwater is 11-20 mPa.s.
3. The slickwater system according to claim 2, characterised in that the low viscosity slickwater consists of, in mass percent, 0.02-0.08% associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01-0.1% non-ionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1-2% clay stabiliser and the balance water;
the moderate-viscosity slippery water consists of 0.08 to 0.15 percent of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1 to 2 percent of clay stabilizer and the balance of water;
the high-viscosity slickwater consists of 0.15 to 0.3 percent of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1 to 2 percent of clay stabilizer and the balance of water.
4. The slickwater system according to claim 1, characterised in that the second monomer units are formed from one or more of N-alkyl substituted acrylamides and derivatives thereof, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates, allyl alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, acrylamide alkyl sulphonic acids and sulphonates thereof, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene acrylates and polyoxyethylene alkyl acrylates; the carbon atoms of the alkyl in the N-alkyl substituted acrylamide and derivatives thereof, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, allyl alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, acrylamide alkyl sulfonic acid and sulfonate thereof are respectively and independently 12-24;
the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer unit is formed by 2-acrylamide-2-methacrylic acid and/or 2-acrylamide-2-sodium methacrylate.
5. The slickwater system according to claim 4, characterised in that the second monomer unit is made of dodecyl acrylate, cetyl acrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, N-dodecylacrylamide, N-hexadecylacrylamide, N-octylpropionamide, 2-acrylamido-2-methyldicosyl sodium sulfonate, N-tetradecylacrylamide, N-dioctylacrylamide, hexadecylallyldibromotetramethylethylenediamine, 2-acrylamidotetradecanesulfonic acid sodium, 2-acrylamido-2-methyldodecanesulfonic acid sodium, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene acrylate, octylphenol polyoxyethylene acrylate, dodecylpolyoxyethylene acrylate, octadecylallyldimethylethylenediamine dibromide, octadecylallyldimethylethylenediamine, One or more of cetyl polyoxyethylene acrylate, tetradecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride and octadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride;
the micro-block length of the second monomer unit in the copolymer molecular chain is 10-100 second monomer units.
6. The slickwater system according to claim 1, characterised in that the clay stabilizer is selected from KCl, NH4One or more of Cl, choline chloride and quaternary ammonium salt organic anti-swelling agents;
the nonionic surfactant is selected from one or more of polyether nonionic surfactants, nonionic gemini surfactants, polyether nonionic surfactants and fluorocarbon nonionic surfactants;
the anionic surfactant is selected from one or more of petroleum sulfonate anionic surfactant, alkylbenzene sulfonate anionic surfactant, alpha-olefin sulfonate anionic surfactant, anionic gemini surfactant, polyether anionic surfactant and fluorocarbon anionic surfactant;
the intrinsic viscosity of the associative polymer drag reducer is 500-3500 mL/g.
7. The slickwater system according to claim 1, characterised in that the associative polymer drag reducer is prepared with a second monomer mass of 0.2 to 10 wt% of the acrylamide monomer mass;
the mass of the temperature-resistant and salt-resistant monomer is 0-50 wt% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer during preparation of the associative polymer drag reducer.
8. The slickwater system according to claim 1, wherein a co-solvent is added to the preparation of the associative polymer drag reducer; the mass of the cosolvent is 0.1-3% of the mass of the acrylamide monomer; the cosolvent is selected from one or more of cosolvent monomers, surfactant cosolvent and small molecular aids; the cosolvent monomer is selected from hydrophilic monomers and/or amphiphilic functional monomers; the surfactant is selected from one or more of anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant and zwitterionic surfactant; the small molecular auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of alcohols, urea and inorganic salts.
9. The slickwater system according to claim 8, wherein the co-solvent comprises a co-soluble monomer, a surfactant co-solvent and a small molecule co-agent; the mass ratio of the solubilizing monomer, the surfactant cosolvent to the small molecular auxiliary agent is (0.2-0.3): (0.6-1): (0.55-1);
the cosolvent monomer is selected from one or more of methoxy polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, tetradecyl allyl tetra-methyl ethylene diammonium dibromide, allyl glycidyl ether, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 3-allyloxy-1, 2-propylene glycol and allyl polyethylene glycol;
the surfactant is selected from fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether;
the small molecular auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of urea, glycerol and sodium chloride.
10. A preparation method of a slickwater system with both drag reduction and sand carrying is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) mixing and stirring 0.02-0.3 wt% of associative polymer drag reducer, 0.01-0.1 wt% of nonionic surfactant and/or anionic surfactant, 0.1-2 wt% of clay stabilizer and the balance of water to obtain a slickwater system.
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