CN113121219A - Low-dielectric-loss high-heat-conductivity microwave dielectric ceramic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-dielectric-loss high-heat-conductivity microwave dielectric ceramic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss and high heat conductivity and a preparation method thereof. The general chemical formula of the microwave dielectric ceramic is MgAl2O4-xMgO + y wt% M, M being Nb2O5、AlCl3、MgCl2Or MgO or Al after calcination2O3At least one of salts; wherein x is MgO and MgAl2O4In a molar ratio of M is MgAl2O4Y wt% of the sum of the mass of the MgO, wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and x and y are not 0 at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave dielectric ceramics, and particularly relates to microwave dielectric ceramics with low dielectric constant, ultralow dielectric loss and high thermal conductivity and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The requirement of microwave devices is increasing along with the development of society, and particularly, the microwave devices are series ceramics with medium and low dielectric constants and extremely low microwave loss. The ceramic can meet the requirements of mobility, portability, miniaturization and miniaturization of communication machines, can meet the requirements of high-performance and high-reliability working characteristics in a microwave range, and is widely concerned.
The existing magnesium aluminate spinel microwave dielectric ceramic manufactured by the prior art rarely meets two conditions of low dielectric constant and ultrahigh value at the same time, and the dielectric constant of the existing magnesium aluminate spinel ceramic reported by the literature is 7.9, while the quality factor is only 82000GHZ, which can not meet the requirements of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of low quality factor (Q value) of the ceramic dielectric, and provides the microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric constant, ultrahigh quality factor and high heat conductivity and the preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the invention discloses a microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss, high thermal conductivity, wherein the chemical general formula of the microwave dielectric ceramic is MgAl2O4-xMgO + y wt% M, M being Nb2O5、AlCl3、MgCl2Or MgO or Al after calcination2O3At least one of salts; wherein x is MgO and MgAl2O4In a molar ratio of M is MgAl2O4Y wt% of the sum of the mass of the MgO, wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and x and y are not 0 at the same time.
Compared with the traditional preparation method of the magnesium aluminate spinel, the excessive MgO is applied to the preparation process of the magnesium aluminate spinel microwave dielectric ceramic powder, on one hand, the addition of the MgO into the magnesium aluminate spinel can inhibit the growth of magnesium aluminate spinel grains, obtain the dielectric ceramic with relatively uniform grain size and compact microscopic appearance, simultaneously compensate the volatilization of Mg component under the high-temperature condition, and obviously improve various performances of the magnesium aluminate spinel; on the other hand, the loss of Mg element in the process of multiple times of crushing is reduced, and the uniformity of mass preparation is ensured. By adding a small amount of M, the loss of the magnesium-rich magnesium aluminate spinel at the grain boundary can be improved, and the Qf value (low loss) and the thermal conductivity of the material can be improved.
Preferably, x is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1, and y is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.8. The microwave dielectric ceramic obtained in the range has stable performance and good repeatability.
Preferably, the density of the microwave dielectric ceramic is 3.48-3.51 g/cm3. At this time, the relative density is 97-98%, and the sample is compact.
Preferably, the microwave dielectric ceramic has a thermal conductivity of 16 to 18W/(m.K), a dielectric constant of 8.0 to 8.6, and a quality factor of 180000 to 220000 GHz.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss and high thermal conductivity, which comprises the following steps:
active magnesium and active aluminum are taken as raw materials according to MgAl2O4Weighing the stoichiometric composition of xMgO, ball-milling and drying, and presintering at 1150-1350 ℃ for 4-8 hours to obtain presintering powder;
adding M into the pre-sintered powder, performing ball milling and drying, adding a binder, and performing granulation and molding to obtain a blank;
and sintering the blank body at 1500-1680 ℃ for 4-8 hours to obtain the microwave dielectric ceramic.
Preferably, the active magnesium is at least one of basic magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium nitrate, and the active aluminum is at least one of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum nitrate.
Preferably, the binder is a polymer material solution with a mass fraction of 2-5 wt%.
Preferably, the polymer material is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral and carboxymethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the amount of the binder is 2-3 wt% of the mass of the pre-sintered powder.
Preferably, the sintering atmosphere is air.
The xMgO-MgAl obtained by the invention2O4The M series microwave dielectric ceramics with the weight percent of + y is extremely low in loss, and can meet the communication requirements of the new generation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an SEM image (surface polishing) of the microwave dielectric ceramic obtained in example 1 (x is 0.5 and y is 0);
fig. 2 is an SEM image (surface polishing) of the microwave dielectric ceramic (x ═ 1, y ═ 0) obtained in example 1;
fig. 3 shows the microwave dielectric ceramic obtained in example 2 (x ═ 1, y ═ 0.6, M ═ MgCl2) SEM picture (inside the sample);
FIG. 4 shows a microwave dielectric ceramic obtained in example 2 (x ═ 1, y ═ 0.6, and M ═ AlCl)3) SEM picture (inside the sample);
fig. 5 is an XRD pattern of the microwave dielectric ceramic obtained in example 1 (x is 1, 0.5, y is 0);
fig. 6 shows the microwave dielectric ceramic obtained in example 2 (x ═ 1, y ═ 0.6, M ═ MgCl2,AlCl3) XRD pattern of (a).
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be understood as merely illustrative and not restrictive.
The invention discloses a microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss, high heat conductivity and a chemical general formula of MgAl2O4-xMgO + y wt% M. In some embodiments, M may be Nb2O5、AlCl3、MgCl2And MgO or Al after calcination2O3Salts of (a), and the like. Wherein M is MgAl in mass2O4Y wt% based on the sum of the mass of MgO and 0<x is less than or equal to 1, y is less than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to 0, and x and y are not 0 at the same time. M is used as an additive for reducing the sintering temperature and improving the compactness of a sample. Preferably, 0.5. ltoreq. x.ltoreq.1 and 0.3. ltoreq. y.ltoreq.0.8.
The density of the microwave dielectric ceramic obtained by the invention is 3.48-3.51 g/cm3The thermal conductivity is 16 to 18W/(mK), the dielectric constant is 8.0 to 8.6, and the quality factor is 180000 to 220000 GHz. The microwave dielectric ceramic has the advantages of simple preparation process, good repeatability and excellent microwave dielectric property.
The preparation method of the microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss and high thermal conductivity provided by the invention is exemplarily described below.
Firstly, active magnesium and active aluminum are used as raw materials according to MgAl2O4-weighing and proportioning the stoichiometric composition of xMgO, placing the weighed ingredients into a ball milling tank, adding deionized water as a medium, and mixing the following ingredients: ball: the mass ratio of water can be 1:1.5:3, and the mixture is dried after ball milling for 1-2 h. And pre-sintering the obtained dried material at 1150-1350 ℃ for 4-8 hours to obtain pre-sintered powder. The pre-firing atmosphere may be air.
The active magnesium can be at least one of basic magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium nitrate. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the active magnesium is basic magnesium carbonate with a purity higher than 99%.
The active aluminum can be at least one of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum nitrate. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the activated aluminum is aluminum hydroxide with a purity of more than 99%.
Then, adding M into the pre-sintered powder, and carrying out ball milling and drying. M is MgAl in mass2O4Y wt% based on the sum of the mass of MgO.
And finally, adding a binder into the dried powder, and granulating and molding to obtain a blank. The dosage of the binder is 2-3 wt% of the mass of the pre-sintering powder.
The binder can be obtained by stirring the high molecular material and the solvent in a conventional manner. The high molecular material can be at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The solvent may be at least one of alcohol and water. In some embodiments, the binder is a polymer material solution with a mass fraction of 2-5 wt%.
And finally, sintering the blank at 1500-1680 ℃ for 4-8 hours to obtain the low-dielectric low-loss high-heat-conductivity microwave dielectric ceramic. The sintering atmosphere may be air.
In some embodiments, after sintering, the temperature is reduced to 1000 ℃ within 4-5 hours, then reduced to 700 ℃ within 2 hours, and then naturally cooled to room temperature.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the body is cylindrical.
The diameter and thickness of the sample of the microwave dielectric ceramic are measured using a micrometer. And (3) testing the dielectric property and the heat conduction property of the prepared microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss, low loss and high heat conduction by using a network analyzer and a heat conduction instrument. The dielectric properties of the microwave dielectric ceramic were measured by means of an Agilent E8363A PNA network analyzer using the Krupka method (cavity method) for the dielectric constant and Qf. The thermal conductivity of the microwave dielectric ceramic is measured by means of an LFA 467 thermal conductivity meter. The sample density of the microwave dielectric ceramic is measured by adopting the Archimedes principle.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. It is also to be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art may be made in light of the above teachings. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, i.e., those skilled in the art can select the appropriate ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific values exemplified below.
Example 1
Basic magnesium carbonate, Al (OH)3Preparation of MgAl as raw material2O4-xMgO, comprising the following steps:
(1) basic magnesium carbonate, Al (OH)3Weighing according to molar ratios of 1.5:2 and 2:2 (x is 0.5 and x is 1 respectively), adding zirconia balls and deionized water, and mixing: ball: ball milling with water in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:3 at a speed of 350r/min for 1h, and drying the ball-milled raw materials in a drying oven at 110 ℃ for 3 h to obtain a dried material;
(2) pre-burning the dried material at 1300 ℃ for 4h to obtain pre-burned powder;
(3) putting the pre-sintered powder in the step (2) into a ball milling tank, adding zirconia balls and deionized water, and mixing: ball: ball milling for 1h at 350r/min with the mass ratio of water being 1:1.5:3, and drying for 3 hours at 110 ℃; adding 3% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution as a binder into the dried powder, granulating and pressing into a cylindrical blank;
(4) and sintering the cylindrical blank at 1600 ℃ for 6 hours, then cooling to 1000 ℃ for 5 hours, cooling to 700 ℃ for 2 hours, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss, low loss and high heat conductivity.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is: basic magnesium carbonate and Al (OH)3Is 1:2 (corresponding to x ═ 0). A microwave dielectric ceramic was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The results of the relevant process parameters and performance tests for example 1 and comparative examples 1-2 are detailed in table 1.
Table 1 shows the results of the experiments referred to in the examples:
example 2
In addition to example 1, x is 1, M is added together with the binder, and the amount of M added is MgAl2O4Y wt% based on the sum of the mass of MgO. The microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss and high thermal conductivity is prepared according to the same method of the embodiment 1. The test results are detailed in table 2.
Table 2 shows the results of the experiments referred to in example 2:
Claims (10)
1. the microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss and high heat conductivity is characterized in that the chemical general formula of the microwave dielectric ceramic is MgAl2O4-xMgO + y wt% M, M being Nb2O5、AlCl3、MgCl2Or MgO or Al after calcination2O3At least one of salts(ii) a Wherein x is MgO and MgAl2O4In a molar ratio of M is MgAl2O4Y wt% of the sum of the mass of the MgO, wherein x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and x and y are not 0 at the same time.
2. The microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss and high thermal conductivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein x is 0.5-1, and y is 0.3-0.8.
3. The microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss and high thermal conductivity as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the density of the microwave dielectric ceramic is 3.48-3.51 g/cm3。
4. The microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss and high thermal conductivity as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the microwave dielectric ceramic has a thermal conductivity of 16 to 18W/(m-K), a dielectric constant of 8.0 to 8.6, and a quality factor of 180000 to 220000 GHz.
5. The method for preparing the microwave dielectric ceramic with low dielectric loss and high thermal conductivity as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
active magnesium and active aluminum are taken as raw materials according to MgAl2O4Weighing the stoichiometric composition of xMgO, ball-milling and drying, and presintering at 1150-1350 ℃ for 4-8 hours to obtain presintering powder;
adding M into the pre-sintered powder, performing ball milling and drying, adding a binder, and performing granulation and molding to obtain a blank;
and sintering the blank body at 1500-1680 ℃ for 4-8 hours to obtain the microwave dielectric ceramic.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the active magnesium is at least one of basic magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium nitrate, and the active aluminum is at least one of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum nitrate.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the binder is a polymer material solution with a mass fraction of 2-5 wt%.
8. The production method according to claim 7, wherein the polymer material is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, and carboxymethyl cellulose.
9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the binder is used in an amount of 2 to 3wt% based on the mass of the calcined powder.
10. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the sintering atmosphere is air.
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JP2000327412A (en) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-11-28 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Dielectric ceramic composition for high frequency and dielectric resonator |
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CN107434411A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-05 | 电子科技大学 | Low Jie's high quality factor LTCC microwave dielectric materials and preparation method thereof |
CN109053189A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of low-k high performance microwave medium ceramic material, preparation method and application |
CN109111229A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-01 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of high temperature sintering microwave dielectric ceramic materials and preparation method thereof |
CN110272263A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-24 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | A kind of low-temperature co-fired ceramic medium material and preparation method thereof |
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JP2000327412A (en) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-11-28 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Dielectric ceramic composition for high frequency and dielectric resonator |
KR20060108283A (en) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-10-17 | 한국과학기술연구원 | Low-temperature firing low dielectric constant dielectric composition |
CN107382313A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | A kind of microwave-medium ceramics of ultra high quality factor, middle low-k and nearly zero-temperature coefficient and preparation method thereof |
CN107434411A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-05 | 电子科技大学 | Low Jie's high quality factor LTCC microwave dielectric materials and preparation method thereof |
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CN109053189A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of low-k high performance microwave medium ceramic material, preparation method and application |
CN109111229A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-01 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of high temperature sintering microwave dielectric ceramic materials and preparation method thereof |
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