CN113118352A - Nuclear island steam generator integrated cylinder forging and forging forming method thereof - Google Patents

Nuclear island steam generator integrated cylinder forging and forging forming method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113118352A
CN113118352A CN202010039261.XA CN202010039261A CN113118352A CN 113118352 A CN113118352 A CN 113118352A CN 202010039261 A CN202010039261 A CN 202010039261A CN 113118352 A CN113118352 A CN 113118352A
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China
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section
forging
cylinder
barrel
intercepting
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Chinese (zh)
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宣禹澄
杨婧婧
高锦张
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SHANGHAI XINMIN (DONGTAI) HEAVY FORGING CO Ltd
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SHANGHAI XINMIN (DONGTAI) HEAVY FORGING CO Ltd
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Priority to CN202010039261.XA priority Critical patent/CN113118352A/en
Publication of CN113118352A publication Critical patent/CN113118352A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08—Upsetting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/006—Details of nuclear power plant primary side of steam generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated cylinder forging of a nuclear island steam generator, wherein a forging body comprises an upper cylinder section, a conical cylinder section and a lower cylinder section, an upper port of the upper cylinder section is sequentially outwards provided with an upper port test material intercepting section and an upper port intercepting section, and a lower port end of the lower cylinder section is sequentially outwards provided with a lower port test material intercepting section and a lower port intercepting section; the upper opening sample intercepting section, the upper opening intercepting section, the upper cylinder section, the conical cylinder section, the lower opening sample intercepting section and the lower opening intercepting section are forged into a whole; the forging and forming process of the integrated cylinder forging comprises the following steps: firstly, heating steel ingots in a segmented manner; blanking the blank; thirdly, upsetting and drawing the forging stock: the total upsetting ratio is 3.0-3.1, and the drawing ratio is 2.0-2.1; fourthly, punching a cylinder hole; carrying out hole expansion on the mandrel; sixthly, drawing out a core rod: the total draw ratio is 3.5-3.8; shaping a barrel blank; and post-forging heat treatment. The invention not only enables the cylinder structure to have uniform metal microstructure and mechanical property, but also has more reasonable cutting allowance and excellent economical efficiency.

Description

Nuclear island steam generator integrated cylinder forging and forging forming method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forging forming process of a nuclear power large-scale structural part, in particular to an integrated forging of a nuclear power nuclear island steam generator upper cylinder, conical cylinder and lower cylinder combined structure. The invention also relates to a forging forming method of the integrated forging.
Background
The pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant mainly comprises a nuclear island and a conventional island, wherein four major components of the nuclear island of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant are a steam generator, a voltage stabilizer, a main pump and a reactor core. The nuclear island steam generator is the most critical main equipment of the nuclear power station, and has the function of transferring the heat of a heat carrier in a reactor and converting the heat into steam with certain pressure for the steam turbine to work. The steam generator is connected with the reactor pressure vessel, is a part bearing the largest pressure difference, plays a role in sealing and isolating the first loop coolant and the second loop coolant, is also a collecting chamber of the coolant on the loop side before or after the tube bundle, not only directly influences the power and the efficiency of the power station, but also plays a role in blocking radioactive heat-carrying agents during heat exchange, and is of great importance to the safety of the nuclear power station. The materials and manufacturing techniques for steam generator tubular structural members represent the most significant manufacturing industry today.
The steam generator shell mainly comprises a cylinder body, an upper end enclosure and a lower end enclosure, wherein the upper end enclosure and the lower end enclosure are respectively arranged at two ends of the cylinder body; the steam generator cylinder body, the upper end enclosure and the lower end enclosure belong to large thick-wall forgings, and the steam generator cylinder body belongs to ultra-large thick-wall forgings with large volume, large sections and complex curved surfaces. Therefore, in the conventional method for manufacturing the steam generator cylinder, forging units such as the upper cylinder, the conical cylinder and the lower cylinder are respectively forged, and then the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are respectively welded to two ends of the conical cylinder to form the steam generator cylinder. The method for splicing and manufacturing the multi-unit cylinder body by welding obviously has a plurality of defects: the structure spliced by welding can not always form a complete metal streamline, and because the nuclear power steam generator is in a severe operation environment with high temperature and high pressure for a long time and bears pressure sudden change formed by alternating load and pipeline eddy, uneven stress distribution and stress concentration are easily caused, and fatigue, creep and damage are easily caused. In order to ensure the quality of the nuclear-grade forge piece, the metal microstructure and the mechanical property of each procedure in the production process of the nuclear-grade forge piece must be monitored and evaluated in the whole process, so that enough sample samples must be reserved at reasonable positions of the forge piece to accurately reflect the uniformity of the internal quality, the chemical composition and the mechanical property of the forge piece and ensure the representative and accurate test sample test; while also having reasonable sample retention costs. Meanwhile, because the performance requirement of the steam generator shell forging material is extremely high, and the material has the characteristics of high quality and high price, excessive cutting allowance can be generated in the machining process of finished products of the forging units respectively forged, so that a large amount of cutting metal is wasted, and therefore, unreasonable sample reservation quantity and finish machining cutting allowance not only cause the waste of high-performance and high-cost metal, but also increase the machining and manufacturing cost.
The applicant discloses in 2018, 9 and 27 months, a 'steam generator upper cylinder and cone cylinder integrated forging' utility model patent application, patent number: 201821579761.7, the upper cylinder and the cone cylinder of the steam generator are integrally forged to form an integrated forging of the upper cylinder and the cone cylinder, not only the connecting welding seam of the upper cylinder and the cone cylinder is removed, but also the sample reservation quantity on the upper cylinder and the cone cylinder corresponding to the welding seam position and the finishing allowance of the single forging are reduced; however, the forging still needs to weld the lower cylinder body at the lower opening end of the cone cylinder body by a welding method. The applicant has disclosed again in the same day "an integrated forging under a steam generator awl section of thick bamboo" utility model application, patent number: 201821579733.5, the cone and the lower cylinder of the steam generator are integrally forged into an integral structure, but the upper cylinder is welded to the upper opening end of the cone section by a welding method, and the integral structure of the cylinder cannot be formed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the nuclear island steam generator integrated cylinder forging with the weldless cylinder structure, so that the cylinder structure has uniform metal microstructure and mechanical property, more reasonable sample reservation quantity and cutting allowance and excellent economical efficiency. The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a forging and forming method of the integrated cylinder forging of the nuclear island steam generator.
In order to solve the technical problem, the integrated cylinder forging of the nuclear island steam generator comprises a forging body, wherein the forging body comprises an upper cylinder section, a conical cylinder section and a lower cylinder section, the upper cylinder section is arranged at the upper opening end of the conical cylinder section, and the lower cylinder section is arranged at the lower opening end of the conical cylinder section; an upper port test material intercepting section and an upper port intercepting section are sequentially and outwardly arranged at an upper port of the upper cylinder section, and a lower port test material intercepting section and a lower port intercepting section are sequentially and outwardly arranged at a lower port of the lower cylinder section; the upper opening sample intercepting section, the upper opening intercepting section, the upper cylinder section, the conical cylinder section, the lower opening sample intercepting section and the lower opening intercepting section are forged into a whole; the upper barrel height h of the upper barrel section1Height h of conical cylinder2And the lower barrel height h of the lower barrel section3Ratio h of1:h2:h3= 2.50-2.60%: 1%: 2.30-2.40%; the cone section has a cone height h2The height of the conical cylinder section is equal to that of the corresponding finished product cylinder body; the finished product upper barrel height h of the finished product barrel corresponding to the forging body01The finished product barrel finished product upper barrel inner diameter is 2R1An upper barrel height h of the upper barrel section1=（1.08-1.12）·h01Upper barrel inner diameter 2R of upper barrel section11=(0.95-0.97)·2R1Upper barrel outside diameter 2R of upper barrel section12=（1.03-1.05）·2R1(ii) a The finished product lower barrel height h of the finished product barrel corresponding to the forging body03A lower barrel height h of the lower barrel section3=（1.06-1.10）·h03The finished product barrel finished product lower barrel inner diameter is 2R3Lower barrel inner diameter 2R of lower barrel section31=(0.95-0.97)·2R3Outer diameter of lower cylinder 2R of lower cylinder section32=(1.03-1.05)·2R3。
Furthermore, the upper barrel section and the lower barrel section are both of a cylindrical structure, the conical barrel section is of a circular truncated cone-shaped cylindrical structure, and the central lines of the upper barrel section, the conical barrel section and the lower barrel section are on the same straight line. The cone angle alpha of the cone section is = 8-12 degrees.
Further, the height sum h of the upper opening test material intercepting section and the upper opening intercepting section11=（0.09-0.11）h1Height h of said upper cutout section12=0.4h11. The height sum h of the lower opening sample intercepting section and the lower opening intercepting section31=(0.09-0.11)h3Height h of said lower mouth cut-off section32=0.4h31。
The forging and forming method for forging the integrated cylinder forging of the nuclear island steam generator comprises the following steps:
firstly, heating a steel ingot: heating the carbon-manganese low-alloy steel ingot to 580-620 ℃ in a heating furnace, and preserving heat for 3 hours; then heating to 830-870 ℃ at a heating speed of 55-60 ℃/h; preserving the heat for 4 hours; then heating to 1130-1170 ℃ at the heating speed of 78-82 ℃/h; preserving the heat for 4 hours; then heating to 1210-1250 ℃ at the heating speed of 78-82 ℃/h; preserving the heat for 2 hours;
blanking a blank: taking the heated steel ingot out of the furnace, and chopping the head and the tail, wherein the chopping amount of the head and the tail is 8-10% of the weight of the steel ingot, and the chopping amount of the tail end is 6-8% of the weight of the steel ingot; removing the oxide layer to form a forging stock;
thirdly, upsetting and drawing the forging stock: upsetting and drawing out the forging stock, wherein the total upsetting ratio is 3.0-3.1, and the drawing-out ratio is 2.0-2.1; finally upsetting the forging stock into a short cylindrical forging stock;
fourth, punching a cylinder hole: punching a cylinder hole along the axial lead direction of the short cylindrical forging stock, wherein the punched cylinder hole is a through hole;
carrying out hole expanding on the mandrel: penetrating a round rod-shaped reaming core rod into a punching cylinder hole, applying pressure to the periphery of a short cylindrical forging stock with the punching cylinder hole by using an upper flat anvil, and continuously rotating a forging stock on the reaming core rod to enable the diameter of a central cylinder hole of the forging stock to be twice of that of the core rod so as to form a reaming forging stock;
sixthly, drawing out a core rod: penetrating a drawing mandrel with the diameter being twice that of the reaming mandrel into a cylinder hole of a reaming forging stock, and forging and pressing the reaming forging stock by using an upper flat anvil to form a section of cylindrical drawing forging stock with different outer diameters, wherein the outer diameter of the section of cylindrical drawing forging stock is larger than that of the other section of cylindrical drawing forging stock; the total drawing ratio of the drawn forging stock is 3.5-3.8;
shaping a barrel blank; penetrating a forming core rod with two sections of different rod diameters into a cylindrical hole of a drawn forging stock, wherein the different rod diameter sections of the forming core rod are connected by a conical surface; forging and pressing the cylinder wall of the drawn forging stock by a forming flat anvil, continuously rotating the forging stock on the forming core rod, and forging and pressing the forging stock into a formed cylinder stock; the forging surface of the forming flat anvil is a folded surface, and the folded surface is matched with the shape of the rod surface of the forming mandrel;
the temperature of the forging stock in each step is controlled within the range of 800-1250 ℃;
post-forging heat treatment: air-cooling the formed barrel blank to 400-500 ℃, then sending the barrel blank into a heating furnace to be heated to 640-660 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5 hours, then cooling the barrel blank to 120 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging the barrel blank out of the furnace and air-cooling the barrel blank to room temperature; and then feeding the formed cylinder blank into a heating furnace, heating to 940-960 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, and taking out from the heating furnace for air cooling to form a cylinder forging.
Preferably, the upset ratio per forging of the forging stock is 1.5 to 1.6.
Preferably, the diameter of the reaming core rod is 400mm, and the diameter of the drawn core rod is 800 mm.
According to the integrated barrel forging of the nuclear island steam generator, the upper barrel section, the conical barrel section and the lower barrel are forged into an integrated structure, so that a seamless steam generator barrel is formed, and the structural requirement and the use performance of the steam generator barrel are well met; the integral cylinder really enables the metal structure of the cylinder forging to be uniform and consistent, the metal flow line is smooth and coherent, the great improvement of the mechanical property of the steam generator cylinder is ensured, the severe working conditions formed by the high temperature and high pressure, variable load and steam vortex of the steam generator can be borne, and the homogenization of the working stress of the steam generator cylinder and the improvement of the operation safety are facilitated; and the integral forging not only further refines the metal structure, but also is beneficial to the accurate molding of the steam generator cylinder. Because the invention only needs to reserve the corresponding sample intercepting section and intercepting section at the two ends of the steam generator cylinder, the sample intercepting section and intercepting section at the corresponding positions of the welding seams of the upper cylinder section and the conical cylinder section and the lower cylinder section are saved, the materials of the sample section and the intercepting section are more reasonable, the forged raw materials are greatly saved, and the invention has better economic performance; through the sample intercepting section and the intercepting section arranged at the two ends of the cylinder forging, the internal quality of the steam generator cylinder forging along the circumferential direction of the cylinder is accurately reflected, and enough reserved quantity can be used for sampling and detecting the cylinder in the whole production process for many times, so that the chemical composition, the microstructure and the mechanical property of the cylinder forging in each technological process can be accurately reflected, and the absolute safety and reliability of the quality of the forging are ensured. And reasonable finish machining allowance is reserved between the inner wall and the outer wall of each section of the cylinder body relative to the finished cylinder body, so that the overall dimension and the surface machining quality of the finished cylinder body product are guaranteed, the most reasonable and lowest cutting amount is achieved, the waste of a large amount of metal is reduced for a high-performance large forging piece such as the cylinder body, and the machining and manufacturing cost is effectively reduced.
The forging forming method has the following remarkable advantages: the forging forming method adopts the working procedures of core rod reaming, core rod stretching and barrel blank forming, and in the steps, the bore of the forging blank barrel is enlarged and the circumference of the barrel wall of the forging blank is increased through the core rod reaming; the barrel height of the forging stock is further lengthened and increased through the elongation of the core rod; the final cylinder blank molding adopts molding core rods with different rod diameters and a molding flat anvil with a forging surface with a folding surface, so that the forging blank is forged and pressed into a cylinder forging piece with a final molding integral structure, the integration of an upper cylinder, a conical cylinder and a lower cylinder without welding seams is realized, the internal tissues of the forging piece are uniform, and the machining allowance is reasonable; in the process of broaching and drawing and forming, the metal structure crystal grains are further refined, segregation is eliminated, the metal structure and the performance are more uniform, and the use safety and the service life of the forge piece are improved. The invention also adopts the sectional heating specification, so that the forging stock of the integrated cylinder forging can be fully heated and the internal structure is homogenized; the invention adopts sectional heating and heat preservation specifications according to the material characteristics of heat-resistant steel, ensures that large-volume and large-section forgings can be uniformly and thoroughly heated, ensures that the heating temperature between the core and the surface of the forgings is consistent, avoids the cracking of the steel ingots of the forgings caused by temperature stress generated by section temperature difference, and avoids the internal structure defect caused by the heating and the temperature rise of the steel ingots. The invention adopts the integrated forming process, greatly reduces the cutting amount of the metal material of the forge piece, improves the material utilization rate, greatly improves the production efficiency of the integrated forming process, and has the advantages of reducing the processing process flow, shortening the whole production process and improving the production efficiency and the material utilization rate.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a finished barrel of a nuclear island steam generator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the integrated cylinder forging of the nuclear island steam generator of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a forging and forming process of the integrated cylinder forging of the nuclear island steam generator.
In the figure, 1-upper cylinder section, 2-conical cylinder section, 3-lower cylinder section, 4-lower opening sample intercepting section, 5-lower opening intercepting section, 6-upper opening sample intercepting section, 7-upper opening intercepting section and 8-finished cylinder body.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the finished product cylinder 8 of the nuclear island steam generator is sequentially composed of a finished product upper cylinder section, a finished product conical cylinder section and a finished product lower cylinder section from top to bottom, the finished product upper cylinder section is located at an upper opening end of the finished product conical cylinder section, the finished product lower cylinder section is located at a lower opening end of the finished product conical cylinder section, and the finished product upper cylinder section, the finished product conical cylinder section and the finished product lower cylinder section form an integral structure. Total height h of finished barrel 80=3380mm, wherein finished product upper cylinder height h01Is 1350mm and the height h of the cone2650mm, finished product lower tube height h03=1380 mm; finished product upper cylinder inner diameter 2R1=1800mm, finished product lower tube inner diameter 2R3And =1600mm, and the wall thickness b of the finished cylinder 8 is =60 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, the integrated cylinder forging of the nuclear island steam generator of the invention has a forging body comprising an upper cylinder section 1, a conical cylinder section 2 and a lower cylinder section 3, wherein the upper opening end of the conical cylinder section 2 is provided with the upper cylinder section 1, and the lower opening end of the conical cylinder section 2 is provided with the lower cylinder section 3; an upper opening test material intercepting section 6 and an upper opening intercepting section 7 are sequentially arranged outwards at the upper opening end of the upper barrel section 1; a lower opening sample intercepting section 4 and a lower opening intercepting section 5 are sequentially arranged outwards at the lower opening end of the lower barrel section 3. The upper opening sample intercepting section 6, the upper opening intercepting section 7, the upper cylinder section 1, the conical cylinder section 2, the lower cylinder section 3, the lower opening sample intercepting section 4 and the lower opening intercepting section 5 are integrally forged by carbon-manganese low alloy steel to form an integrated structure. The upper barrel section 1 and the lower barrel section 3 are both in a cylindrical structure, the conical barrel section 2 is in a circular truncated cone-shaped structure, and the central lines of the upper barrel section 1, the conical barrel section 2 and the lower barrel section 3 are positioned on a straight line. The cone angle α =10 ° of the cone section 2.
The total height h =2750mm of the integrated cylinder forging shown in fig. 2 is equal to the height h of the upper cylinder1Height h of conical cylinder2And the height of the lower cylinder h3Is formed of1=1500mm，h2=650mm，h3=1600 mm. Upper barrel inner diameter 2R of upper barrel section 1 barrel11=1730mm, and the outer diameter of the upper cylinder 2R of the cylinder body of the upper cylinder section 112=1865mm, height sum h of upper mouth test material cutting section 6 and upper mouth cutting section 7 at upper mouth end of upper barrel section 111=150mm, wherein the height h of the upper cutout 712=60 mm. Lower cylinder inner diameter 2R of lower cylinder section 3 cylinder31=1530mm, lower tube outside diameter 2R of lower tube section 3 cylinder32=1665mm, height of cut 4 and cut 5 of lower mouth sample and h31=160mm, height h of the lower cutout 532=64mm。
The present invention can also be optimized to determine its parameters within the following ranges. The preferred ranges are: upper barrel height h of upper barrel section1Height h of conical cylinder2And the lower barrel height h of the lower barrel section3Ratio h of1:h2:h3=(2.50-2.60)∶1∶（2.30-2.40)(ii) a Upper barrel height h of upper barrel section1=（1.08-1.12）·h01Upper barrel inner diameter 2R of upper barrel section11=(0.95-0.97)·2R1Upper barrel outside diameter 2R of upper barrel section12=（1.03-1.05）·2R1(ii) a Lower barrel height h of lower barrel section3=（1.06-1.10）·h03Lower barrel inner diameter 2R of lower barrel section31=(0.95-0.97)·2R3Outer diameter of lower cylinder 2R of lower cylinder section32=(1.03-1.05)·2R3. The height sum h of the upper opening test material intercepting section and the upper opening intercepting section11=（0.09-0.11）h1Height h of upper cutout12=0.4h11(ii) a Height sum h of lower opening sample cutting section and lower opening cutting section31=(0.09-0.11)h3Height h of lower edge cut-off section32=0.4h31。
As shown in the process flow of the forging forming method shown in FIG. 3, in each step of the process flow, the initial forging temperature of the steel ingot forging is 800 ℃, and the final forging temperature of the steel ingot forging is 1250 ℃, namely when the temperature of the forging is lower than 800 ℃ in the forging process, the forging is sent into a heating furnace again to be heated to 1250 ℃, so that the forging temperature of the forging is kept within the range of 800 ℃ to 1250 ℃.
The forging method of the present example includes the following steps:
heating a steel ingot: the steel ingot material of the embodiment is 508-3 steel, firstly, the steel ingot is heated in a sectional mode, the steel ingot is firstly placed into a heating furnace to be heated so as to improve the metal plasticity, the steel ingot is easy to flow and form and obtain a good forged structure, and a metal blank can be formed in a good plasticity state by selecting a proper heating temperature range; because the steel ingot belongs to a large block-shaped part, the steel ingot is heated uniformly to reduce the temperature stress generated by the temperature difference of the cross section. The invention adopts a sectional heating temperature rise specification, firstly, a steel ingot is sent to a heating furnace to be heated to 600 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3 hours, a second heating section is heated to 850 ℃ at a heating speed of 55 ℃/h, the temperature is kept for 4 hours, a third heating section is heated to 1150 ℃ at a heating speed of 80 ℃/h, and the temperature is kept for 4 hours; when the temperature of the steel ingot is more than 800 ℃, the steel ingot has certain plasticity, so that the heating section adopts a relatively fast heating speed, the fourth section is also heated to 1230 ℃ at a heating speed of 80 ℃/h, the steel ingot is kept at the temperature for 2 hours, and the steel ingot is taken out from the heating furnace and is pressed into an octagonal prism-shaped steel billet on a large hydraulic press.
Blanking of a forging stock: the octagon prism billet is chopped head and tail on a large hydraulic press by taking a chopping knife as an upper anvil so as to ensure the quality of useful middle section materials. The chopping amount of the steel ingot riser end is 10% of the total weight of a steel ingot blank, the chopping amount of the steel ingot at the tail end section is 8% of the total weight of the blank, and the remaining middle section of the steel billet is knocked by a steel hammer to remove an oxide scale layer on the periphery of the steel billet so as to obtain an eight-prism forging blank for forging.
Upsetting and drawing a forging stock: upsetting the octagonal prism forging stock along the axial direction by pressing, so that the inner pores of the forging stock are fully pressed, cast dendrites are broken, the upsetting ratio of the first upsetting is 1.6, the drawing ratio of the first drawing after the first upsetting is 2.1, and the cylindrical forging stock is drawn; after the first upsetting and the drawing out are completed, the secondary upsetting with the upsetting ratio of 1.5 is performed, and finally the forging stock is upset into a short cylindrical forging stock. The upsetting and drawing can ensure that the pore defects such as shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity in the forge piece are closed, and a better forging structure is obtained.
Punching a cylinder hole: punching a cylinder hole along the axial lead direction of the short cylindrical forging stock by using a punch, wherein the punched cylinder hole is a through hole, and the diameter of the punched cylinder hole is phi 400 mm; reaming by using a core rod: penetrating a hole-expanding mandrel in the shape of a round rod with the diameter of phi 400mm into a punching cylinder hole, pressing the periphery of a short cylindrical forging stock with the punching cylinder hole by using an upper flat anvil, and continuously rotating the forging stock on the hole-expanding mandrel to enable the diameter of a central cylinder hole of the forging stock to reach phi 800mm to form a hole-expanding forging stock; drawing out a core rod: penetrating a drawing core rod with the diameter of phi 800mm into a cylinder hole of a reaming forging stock, and forging and pressing the reaming forging stock by using an upper flat anvil to form a cylindrical drawing forging stock with different outer diameters, wherein the diameter of one section of the cylindrical drawing forging stock is larger than that of the other section of the cylindrical drawing forging stock; the total drawing ratio of the drawn forging stock is 3.5-3.8; forming a barrel blank; penetrating a forming core rod with two sections of different rod diameters into a cylindrical hole of a drawn forging stock, wherein the different rod diameter sections of the forming core rod are connected by a conical surface; forging and pressing the cylinder wall of the drawn forging stock by a forming flat anvil, continuously rotating the forging stock on the forming core rod, and forging and pressing the forging stock into a formed cylinder stock; the forging surface of the forming flat anvil is a folded surface, and the folded surface is matched with the shape of the rod surface of the forming mandrel; forming and forging the cylinder blank to form an integrated cylinder forging; heat treatment after forging: and air-cooling the connecting pipe blank to 450 ℃, then sending the connecting pipe blank into a heating furnace, heating to 650 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4 hours, cooling to 120 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging, and placing in air for air cooling to room temperature. And cooling to room temperature, then sending the connecting pipe blank into a heating furnace, heating to 950 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, taking out from the heating furnace, and air-cooling to room temperature.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a nuclear island steam generator integration barrel forging, includes the forging body, its characterized in that: the forging body comprises an upper cylinder section (1), a conical cylinder section (2) and a lower cylinder section (3), wherein the upper cylinder section (1) is arranged at the upper opening end of the conical cylinder section (2), and the lower cylinder section (3) is arranged at the lower opening end of the conical cylinder section (2); an upper opening sample intercepting section (6) and an upper opening intercepting section (7) are sequentially and outwardly arranged at the upper opening of the upper cylinder section (1), and a lower opening sample intercepting section (4) and a lower opening intercepting section (5) are sequentially and outwardly arranged at the lower opening end of the lower cylinder section (3); the upper opening sample intercepting section (6), the upper opening intercepting section (7), the upper cylinder section (1), the conical cylinder section (2), the lower cylinder section (3), the lower opening sample intercepting section (4) and the lower opening intercepting section (5) are forged into a whole; the upper barrel height h of the upper barrel section (1)1The height h of the conical cylinder section (2)2And the lower barrel height h of the lower barrel section (3)3Ratio h of1:h2:h3= 2.50-2.60%: 1%: 2.30-2.40%; the cone section (2) has a cone height h2The height of the conical cylinder section is equal to that of the corresponding finished product cylinder (8); the finished product upper barrel height h of the finished product barrel (8) corresponding to the forging body01The finished product barrel body (8) has a finished product upper barrel inner diameter of 2R1The upper barrel height h of the upper barrel section (1)1=（1.08-1.12）·h01The inner diameter 2R of the upper cylinder section (1)11=(0.95-0.97)·2R1The outer diameter 2R of the upper cylinder section (1)12=（1.03-1.05）·2R1(ii) a The finished product lower barrel height h of the finished product barrel (8) corresponding to the forging body03The finished product cylinder (8) is formedInner diameter of lower cylinder of product 2R3The lower barrel height h of the lower barrel section (3)3=（1.06-1.10）·h03The lower cylinder inner diameter 2R of the lower cylinder section (3)31=(0.95-0.97)·2R3The lower cylinder outer diameter 2R of the lower cylinder section (3)32=(1.03-1.05)·2R3。
2. The nuclear island steam generator integrated barrel forging of claim 1, wherein: the upper barrel section (1) and the lower barrel section (3) are both of a cylindrical structure, the conical barrel section (2) is of a circular truncated cone-shaped structure, and the central lines of the upper barrel section (1), the conical barrel section (2) and the lower barrel section (3) are on the same straight line.
3. The nuclear island steam generator integrated barrel forging of claim 1, wherein: the cone angle alpha of the cone-barrel section (2) is = 8-12 degrees.
4. The nuclear island steam generator integrated barrel forging of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the height sum h of the upper opening test material intercepting section (6) and the upper opening intercepting section (7)11=（0.09-0.11）h1The height h of the upper cutting section (7)12=0.4h11。
5. The nuclear island steam generator integrated barrel forging of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the height sum h of the lower opening sample intercepting section (4) and the lower opening intercepting section (5)31=(0.09-0.11)h3The height h of the lower cutting section (5)32=0.4h31。
6. A forging forming method for forging the nuclear island steam generator integrated cylinder forging of claim 1 comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that: the forging forming method comprises the following steps:
firstly, heating a steel ingot: heating the carbon-manganese low-alloy steel ingot to 580-620 ℃ in a heating furnace, and preserving heat for 3 hours; then heating to 830-870 ℃ at a heating speed of 55-60 ℃/h; preserving the heat for 4 hours; then heating to 1130-1170 ℃ at the heating speed of 78-82 ℃/h; preserving the heat for 4 hours; then heating to 1210-1250 ℃ at the heating speed of 78-82 ℃/h; preserving the heat for 2 hours;
blanking of a forging stock: taking the heated steel ingot out of the furnace, and chopping the head and the tail, wherein the chopping amount of the head and the tail is 8-10% of the weight of the steel ingot, and the chopping amount of the tail end is 6-8% of the weight of the steel ingot; removing the oxide layer to form a forging stock;
thirdly, upsetting and drawing the forging stock: upsetting and drawing out the forging stock, wherein the total upsetting ratio is 3.0-3.1, and the drawing-out ratio is 2.0-2.1; finally upsetting the forging stock into a short cylindrical forging stock;
fourth, punching a cylinder hole: punching a cylinder hole along the axial lead direction of the short cylindrical forging stock, wherein the punched cylinder hole is a through hole;
carrying out hole expanding on the mandrel: penetrating a round rod-shaped reaming core rod into a punching cylinder hole, applying pressure to the periphery of a short cylindrical forging stock with the punching cylinder hole by using an upper flat anvil, and continuously rotating a forging stock on the reaming core rod to enable the diameter of a central cylinder hole of the forging stock to be twice of that of the core rod so as to form a reaming forging stock;
sixthly, drawing out a core rod: penetrating a drawing mandrel with the diameter being twice that of the reaming mandrel into a cylinder hole of a reaming forging stock, and forging and pressing the reaming forging stock by using an upper flat anvil to form a section of cylindrical drawing forging stock with different outer diameters, wherein the outer diameter of the section of cylindrical drawing forging stock is larger than that of the other section of cylindrical drawing forging stock; the total drawing ratio of the drawn forging stock is 3.5-3.8;
shaping a barrel blank; penetrating a forming core rod with two sections of different rod diameters into a cylindrical hole of a drawn forging stock, wherein the different rod diameter sections of the forming core rod are connected by a conical surface; forging and pressing the cylinder wall of the drawn forging stock by a forming flat anvil, continuously rotating the forging stock on the forming core rod, and forging and pressing the forging stock into a formed cylinder stock; the forging surface of the forming flat anvil is a folded surface, and the folded surface is matched with the shape of the rod surface of the forming mandrel; the temperature of the forging stock in each step is controlled within the range of 800-1250 ℃;
post-forging heat treatment: air-cooling the formed barrel blank to 400-500 ℃, then sending the barrel blank into a heating furnace to be heated to 640-660 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5 hours, then cooling the barrel blank to 120 ℃ along with the furnace, discharging the barrel blank out of the furnace and air-cooling the barrel blank to room temperature; and then feeding the formed cylinder blank into a heating furnace, heating to 940-960 ℃, preserving heat for 7 hours, and taking out from the heating furnace for air cooling to form a cylinder forging.
7. The forging forming method as recited in claim 6, wherein: the upsetting ratio of each forging of the forging stock is 1.5-1.6.
8. The forging forming method as recited in claim 6, wherein: the diameter of the reaming core rod is phi 400mm, and the diameter of the drawn core rod is phi 800 mm.
CN202010039261.XA 2020-01-15 2020-01-15 Nuclear island steam generator integrated cylinder forging and forging forming method thereof Pending CN113118352A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publication Number Publication Date
CN113118352A true CN113118352A (en) 2021-07-16

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Country Link
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