Metal modified ruthenium-based catalyst and method for preparing 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid by using same
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation technology of 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid, in particular to a method for preparing 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid by oxidizing 5-methoxymethylfurfural with a metal modified ruthenium-hydroxyapatite catalyst, belonging to the field of biomass resource utilization.
Background
The two ends of the 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) have symmetrical carboxylic acid structures, and the FDCA can be easily polymerized with alcohols to form a polymeric material with market prospect. The material can be effectively degraded by microorganisms in nature, and is a bio-based material with the highest potential to replace petroleum-based terephthalic acid.
Currently, synthetic FDCA is obtained mostly through oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). CN201480051571.6 discloses a method for producing 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid by oxidizing HMF with a noble metal supported on activated carbon as a catalyst in an acidic aqueous solution to produce FDCA, which is an effort to improve the yield of FDCA by a two-stage method of a low-temperature step and a high-temperature step, but cannot avoid the decrease in the yield of FDCA due to the production of a large amount of by-products from HMF in an acidic aqueous solution system. CN201811610011.6 discloses a method for preparing 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid, which aims to solve the problems of low concentration and low efficiency of reaction substrates, but the reaction process involves adjusting pH with concentrated hydrochloric acid, the reaction pressure is 4.0-5.0 MPa, the reaction temperature is 90-150 ℃, and the conditions are not mild.
The existing FDCA synthesis technology has the defects of harsh reaction conditions, low FDCA liquid yield and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the reaction conditions for preparing 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid by taking 5-hydroxymethylfurfural as a raw material are harsh and the yield of a product FDCA solution is low in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a metal modified ruthenium-based catalyst and a method for preparing 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid by utilizing the same, wherein 5-methoxymethylfurfural is taken as a raw material, and the 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid is synthesized under the catalysis of the modified catalyst, so that the method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions and high yield of the product solution.
The technical object of the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a metal-modified ruthenium-based catalyst, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding hydroxyapatite into soluble salt solution containing at least one of zirconium, iron and zinc, soaking, performing solid-liquid separation after soaking, washing the solid, drying and roasting;
(2) mixing the solid obtained in the step (1) with Ru3+The solution is mixed and impregnated, solid-liquid separation is carried out after the impregnation is finished, and the separated solid is washed and dried to obtain the metal modified ruthenium-based catalyst.
Further, in percentage by weight, the loading amount of zirconium, iron and/or zinc in the catalyst is 5-10% of the mass of each metal oxide, and Ru is3+The loading amount is 0.1-10%, preferably 3-7%.
Further, the soluble salt of zirconium is selected from at least one of zirconyl nitrate, zirconium acetate, zirconium chloride, zirconium n-butoxide and zirconium n-propoxide, and is preferably zirconyl nitrate; the soluble salt of iron is selected from at least one of ferric nitrate, ferric chloride and ferric sulfate, and is preferably ferric nitrate; the soluble salt of zinc is at least one selected from zinc nitrate, zinc chloride and zinc sulfate, and is preferably zinc nitrate.
Further, the dipping time in the step (1) is 0.5-24 h; the roasting temperature is 300-600 ℃, and preferably 450-550 ℃.
Further, the compound contains Ru3+The solution of (A) is selected from the group consisting of ruthenium chloride (RuCl)3) Ruthenium nitrate (RuNO (NO))3)3) Or ruthenium acetate (C)6H9O6Ru) solution.
Further, the compound contains Ru3+The solvent of the solution of (1) is selected from at least one of methanol, ethanol or water.
Further, the dipping time in the step (2) is 10 min-24 h, preferably 10 min-5 h.
Further, the drying temperature is 55-120 ℃, and the drying time is 6-12 hours.
Furthermore, the hydroxyapatite is nano hydroxyapatite, and more specifically, the particle size of the hydroxyapatite is 1-100 nm.
It is a technical object of the second aspect of the present invention to provide a metal-modified ruthenium-based catalyst prepared by the above method. The catalyst takes hydroxyapatite as a carrier and Ru exists in an ionic state3+As an active component, metal oxides of zirconium, iron and/or zinc are used as a modification component. The weight percentage of the loading amount of zirconium, iron and/or zinc in the catalyst is 5-10% of the mass of each metal oxide, and Ru is3+The loading amount is 0.1-10%, preferably 3-7%.
The technical purpose of the third aspect of the invention is to provide a preparation method of 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid (2, 5-FDCA), wherein 5-methoxymethylfurfural (MMF) is reacted with oxygen in an aqueous solution in the presence of the metal-modified ruthenium-based catalyst to prepare the 2, 5-FDCA.
Further, MMF is reacted with a catalyst (or Ru in a catalyst)3+In mass) is mixed and reacted according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.1-5.
Furthermore, the introduction amount of oxygen in the reaction enables the initial pressure of the reaction system to reach 0.1-2 MPa.
Further, the temperature of the reaction is 70-130 ℃, and preferably 70-110 ℃; the reaction time is 12-24 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the metal modified ruthenium-based catalyst of the invention is prepared from Ru3+As an active component, metal oxides of zirconium, iron and/or zinc are used as modified components, and the preparation method is simple; and the introduction of metal oxides of zirconium, iron and/or zinc well regulates electron cloud around ruthenium atoms, generates synergistic effect with hydroxyl of carrier hydroxyapatite, promotes the activation of furan ring side chain aldehyde group C-H under mild reaction conditions of lower temperature and lower pressure, and improves the activity of Ru3+The oxidizing ability of (a).
(2) In the preparation method of the 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid, the raw material 5-methoxymethylfurfural exists stably in an aqueous solution system, the activity of the catalyst is good in stability and high in activity in the reaction system, and the yield of the 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid is high;
additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples are presented to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The metal loading of the catalysts in the following examples and comparative examples was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the oxidation products of MMF in the examples were uniformly detected by Agilent liquid chromatography (Agilent-1260).
Example 1
Preparation of metal modified catalyst Z1:
(1) 0.069g ZrONO3·6H2Adding O into 50mL of water, stirring vigorously for 20min, adding 0.5g of HAP with the diameter of 1-100 nm, stirring for 24h, filtering, washing and drying the solid, and roasting at 500 ℃ for 3h in a muffle furnace to obtain a white solid.
(2) 0.0388g of RuCl3.3H2And (2) adding O into 50mL of water, stirring vigorously for 10min, adding 0.5g of the white solid obtained in the step (1), soaking for 10min, filtering, washing the solid, and drying at 55 ℃ for 12h to obtain light gray solid powder, namely the catalyst Z1. The solid was ground for use in the oxidation of MMF.
Example 2
Preparation of metal modified catalyst Z2:
(1) 0.14g ZrONO3·6H2Adding O into 50mL of water, stirring vigorously for 20min, adding 0.5g of HAP with the diameter of 1-100 nm, stirring for 12h, filtering, washing and drying the solid, and roasting at 500 ℃ for 3h in a muffle furnace to obtain a white solid.
(2) Adding 0.0050g of ruthenium nitrate into 50mL of water, stirring vigorously for 10min, adding 0.5g of the white solid obtained in step (1), soaking for 1h, filtering, washing the solid, and drying at 110 ℃ for 6h to obtain gray solid powder, namely the catalyst Z2. The solid was ground for use in the oxidation of MMF.
Example 3
Preparation of metal modified catalyst Z3:
(1) 0.15g of Fe (NO)3)3·6H2Adding O into 50mL of water, stirring vigorously for 20min, adding 0.5g of HAP with the diameter of 1-100 nm, stirring for 24h, filtering, washing and drying the solid, and roasting at 500 ℃ for 3h in a muffle furnace to obtain a white solid.
(2) 0.0426g of ruthenium acetate is added into 50mL of water, the mixture is stirred vigorously for 10min, 0.5g of the white solid obtained in the step (1) is added, the white solid is soaked for 30min, the solid is filtered, the solid is washed and dried for 12h at the temperature of 55 ℃, and dark gray solid powder is obtained, namely the catalyst Z3. The solid was ground for use in the oxidation of MMF.
Example 4
Preparation of metal modified catalyst Z4:
(1) 0.1g of Zn (NO)3)2·6H2Adding O into 50mL of water, stirring vigorously for 20min, adding 0.5g of HAP with the diameter of 1-100 nm, stirring for 24h, filtering, washing and drying the solid, and roasting at 500 ℃ for 3h in a muffle furnace to obtain a white solid.
(2) 0.1471g RuCl3·3H2And (2) adding O into 50mL of water, stirring vigorously for 10min, adding 0.5g of the white solid obtained in the step (1), soaking for 2h, filtering, washing the solid, and drying at 55 ℃ for 12h to obtain gray solid powder, namely the catalyst Z4. The solid was ground for use in the oxidation of MMF.
Example 5
Preparation of metal modified catalyst Z5:
(1) 0.111g ZrONO3·6H2Adding O into 50mL of water, stirring vigorously for 20min, adding 0.5g of HAP with the diameter of 1-100 nm, stirring for 24h, filtering, washing and drying the solid, and roasting at 500 ℃ for 3h in a muffle furnace to obtain a white solid.
(2) 0.1029g RuCl3·3H2And (2) adding O into 50mL of water, stirring vigorously for 10min, adding 0.5g of the white solid obtained in the step (1), soaking for 5h, filtering, washing the solid, and drying at 55 ℃ for 12h to obtain gray solid powder, namely the catalyst Z5. The solid was ground for use in the oxidation of MMF.
Comparative example 1
0.0388g of RuCl3.3H2O into 50mL of water, vigorously stirred for 10min, added with 0.5g of HAP, soaked for 10min, filtered, the solid washed, dried at 55 ℃ for 12h to give catalyst Z6. The solid was ground for use in the oxidation of MMF.
The catalysts Z1-Z6 were tested for the mass percent of ruthenium (based on the mass of the ruthenium element) and metal oxide (based on the mass of the Zr, Fe or Zn metal oxide) using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1.
Evaluation of the performances of catalysts Z1-Z6 in the preparation of 2,5-FDCA by MMF reaction:
the evaluation test was carried out in a six-stage reaction vessel having a volume of 8 mL. The specific catalyst evaluation procedure was as follows: adding 20mg of 5-methoxymethylfurfural, 3mL of water and 2-100 mg of catalyst into a reaction kettle, screwing up, adding oxygen until the initial pressure is 0.1-2 MPa, sealing, putting the reaction kettle into a six-connection heating jacket, and reacting at 70-130 ℃ respectively. And (3) after 8-24 hours of reaction, immediately taking out the reaction kettle, putting the reaction kettle into cold water for cooling, after cooling is completed, opening the reaction kettle, washing the reaction kettle with a methanol aqueous solution, transferring the reaction kettle into a 50mL volumetric flask by using a dropper for constant volume, centrifuging, and filtering to a sample injection bottle. The product was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using Agilent-1260. The specific reaction conditions, MMF conversion, 2,5-FDCA selectivity and yield results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2.