CN113111565A - Aerosol data assimilation method based on MIE scattering equation observation operator - Google Patents

Aerosol data assimilation method based on MIE scattering equation observation operator Download PDF

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CN113111565A
CN113111565A CN202110203672.2A CN202110203672A CN113111565A CN 113111565 A CN113111565 A CN 113111565A CN 202110203672 A CN202110203672 A CN 202110203672A CN 113111565 A CN113111565 A CN 113111565A
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臧增亮
刘斌
颜鹏
高丽娜
梁延飞
胡译文
尤伟
董伟
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Abstract

The invention constructs an assimilation operator of an aerosol extinction coefficient based on an MIE scattering equation, belongs to the field of atmospheric pollution numerical simulation, and specifically comprises the following steps of 1: acquiring meteorological field driving data and laser radar extinction coefficient data; step 2: based on 8 pollution species of an aerosol scheme (MOSAIC) in an atmospheric chemical model (WRF-Chem), calculating wet particle sizes corresponding to different humidities of the species on the assumption of particle size distribution, and establishing a lookup table among the species, the wet particle sizes and extinction efficiency factors; and step 3: and constructing an assimilation operator capable of directly assimilating the extinction coefficient of the laser radar by using an MIE scattering equation.

Description

Aerosol data assimilation method based on MIE scattering equation observation operator
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method, belongs to the field of data assimilation of atmospheric aerosol, and is mainly applied to the assimilation of laser radar extinction coefficients and atmospheric visibility data and the forecast research of atmospheric air quality.
Background
The atmospheric aerosol data assimilation is to obtain a three-dimensional analysis field which is closer to the real and accurate aerosol mass concentration by taking an air mass model forecast result as a background field, taking an extinction coefficient detected by a laser radar or a satellite and atmospheric visibility as observation data and solving a three-dimensional variation target functional. For observation data of non-mode variables such as aerosol extinction coefficients and atmospheric visibility, inversion errors exist when the observation data are inverted into mode variables which can be directly assimilated, the data are directly assimilated more accurately in theory, but the assimilation difficulty is to establish the corresponding relation between the mode variables and the observation data and calculate the implementation process of a target functional by using a numerical solving method.
Since the distribution of the laser radar is small, the extinction coefficient observation in the vertical direction is mainly aimed at, and therefore, the assimilation of the extinction coefficient for the laser radar is small in the past. In contrast, atmospheric visibility observation data can be monitored in real time by a ground automatic observation station, observation data are sufficient, the numerical value of the atmospheric visibility observation data has an approximate linear relation with the extinction coefficient of the aerosol, and the extinction coefficient of the aerosol can be calculated through a numerical model based on an MIE theory. Gustav-Mie in 1908 proposed an accurate solution of the plane scattered wave by monodisperse homogeneous spherical particles in a radiation field. The MIE scattering theory assumes that the particles are spherical, and from the known optical properties of the population and its number concentration particle size spectral distribution, the extinction and total scattering coefficients of the population are calculated, the difference being the absorption coefficient of the aerosol. Strictly speaking, atmospheric aerosols are not uniform spherical particles, but practical applications suggest that it is feasible to use MIE scattering theory. Calculation of aerosol extinction coefficients aerosol particles including same particle and multiple particles 2 ideal models: the extinction coefficient of a single spherical particle is calculated according to an MIE scattering theory, then the total extinction coefficient of the air column in unit path length is obtained according to the number of the same type of aerosol particles contained in unit volume, and the extinction coefficient is calculated by assuming the spectral distribution (such as Junge distribution) of the aerosol particles and then integrating. The second model is obviously closer to the actual atmospheric aerosol situation than the first model, and the aerosol spectral distribution is constructed in advance by using the second model. Therefore, the method capable of directly assimilating the extinction coefficient of the laser radar is constructed based on the MIE scattering equation. The inventor applies for a three-dimensional variation and assimilation method of the extinction coefficient of the aerosol based on IMPROVE equation.
Kikasǜ,Mirme A,Tamm E.Examining the relationship between aerosol size distribution and atmospheric visibility in an urban area[J].J Aerosol Sci,1998,29:S661-S662.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to construct an assimilation observation operator based on an MIE scattering equation, establish a corresponding relation between an air pollution mode variable and an observation variable, directly assimilate the observation variable by using a three-dimensional variational method, and generate a more accurate aerosol (mass concentration distribution of PM2.5/PM 10) initial field by using laser radar extinction coefficient data on the basis of an air quality mode background field, so that the forecast of the three-dimensional distribution of the mass concentration of the aerosol is more accurate.
The technical scheme of the invention is an aerosol data assimilation method based on an MIE scattering equation observation operator, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring meteorological field driving data and laser radar extinction coefficient data (pollutant emission source file), and making an aerosol mass concentration distribution initial field file by utilizing an atmospheric chemical model (WRF-Chem);
step 2: particle size distribution of 8 pollutant species based on aerosol solution in atmospheric chemistry model (WRF-Chem), wherein the 8 pollutant species are black carbon/elemental carbon (BC/EC), Organic Carbon (OC), sulfate (SO4), nitrate (NO3), ammonium salt (NH4), Chloride (CL), sodium salt (NA) and other unclassified inorganic matter (OIN), the particle size distribution is assumed to be logarithmic bimodal spectrum distribution, wet particle size of aerosol species is calculated by using grid point humidity, and Q factors of various species, wet particle size and extinction efficiency are establishedextA lookup table therebetween;
and step 3: constructing an assimilation operator capable of directly assimilating the extinction coefficient of the aerosol by using an MIE scattering equation;
Figure BDA0002948961200000021
from the above formula, it can be seen that: the extinction coefficient Ext is the complex refractive index m, extinction efficiency Q of each speciesextThe functional relationship between the radius r of the particles and the number of particles in the dr particle size range;
and 4, step 4: according to the three-dimensional variational theory and an MIE scattering equation, a computer program for solving the three-dimensional variational target functional is written and called an assimilation system.
Further, in step 1: in order to reduce the influence of the laser radar extinction coefficient abnormal value on the assimilation effect, background noise deduction, distance square correction, signal denoising, geometric factor correction, extreme value control and blind area data elimination are carried out on data.
Further, the step 2 comprises:
2.1) calculating the humidity of the grid point by utilizing the meteorological data of the distribution grid point of the aerosol initial field, searching and obtaining the particle size of the aerosol after wet increase through a wet increase lookup table of the humidity and the particle size of aerosol species, and then searching extinction efficiency coefficients corresponding to different particle sizes of various species by utilizing the particle size;
the volume of aerosol particles can be increased by moisture absorption increase, so that the particle number spectrum distribution is integrally moved, and the extinction coefficient of the aerosol particles is changed; the single parameter-koala equation of the aerosol particle size and the water vapor saturation ratio after the aerosol particles absorb moisture and grow is expressed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002948961200000031
in the formula: ddryIs the dry particle diameter, A is a constant,
Figure BDA0002948961200000032
sigma is the surface between liquid and gasTension, MwaterIs the molar mass of water, R is the universal gas constant, T represents the temperature, and is taken as the normal temperature, rhowaterIs the density of the water and is,
Figure BDA0002948961200000033
indicating the moisture growth factor, D (RH) is the wet particle diameter as a function of RH.
Complex refractive index of aerosol particles after hygroscopic growth
Figure BDA0002948961200000034
The method is calculated by the volume weighted average of the complex refractive index of dry aerosol and the complex refractive index of liquid water:
Figure BDA0002948961200000035
in the formula: m isdryIs the dry aerosol complex refractive index; m iswaterIs the complex refractive index of liquid water. D aerosol particle diameter;
2.2) the range of RH (relative humidity) values in the construction of the lookup table is 0-100% (1% is interval step), the wet growth radius of dry particle size of each aerosol species is correspondingly calculated to be 0.01-20 μm (0.01 μm interval step), the complex refractive index m of BC and other 7 mode output variables is distinguished, and the range of RH values is 1.3-1.9(0.01 interval step).
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
3.1) 8 contaminating species based on the aerosol protocol (MOSAIC) in atmospheric chemistry mode (WRF-Chem), assuming their respective particle size spectral distribution characteristics, differentiating the particle size of each contaminating species and calculating the respective extinction coefficient by the MIE scattering equation.
Assuming that the dimension parameter of the contaminant particle is x-2 pi a/lambda and the complex refractive index is m-m1+i*m2The core parameter in the amplitude function of the two components of the scattered light perpendicular and parallel to the scattering surface is then:
Figure BDA0002948961200000041
Figure BDA0002948961200000042
extinction efficiency QextThe ratio of the extinction cross-section of the particle to its geometric cross-section is expressed, and the equation is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0002948961200000043
the MIE scattering extinction coefficient Ext was calculated as:
Figure BDA0002948961200000044
assuming the aerosol volume spectral distribution is bimodal, each species consists of fine particle size (PM)2.5) And coarse particle size (PM)2.5-10) Two parts are formed. The bimodal volume spectral distribution of the aerosol particles is described by equation (7):
Figure BDA0002948961200000045
in the formula: v1、V2、Dg1、Dg2、σg1、σg2Respectively the total volume, the geometric mean particle diameter and the geometric standard deviation of the coarse particle diameter section of each aerosol species, and D is the dry particle diameter of the aerosol particles.
The invention has the advantages that: the observation operators of atmospheric chemical mode variables and aerosol extinction coefficients are constructed, the construction is theoretically more accurate by adopting an MIE scattering method, the direct assimilation of the laser radar extinction coefficients can be realized, and inversion errors caused by assimilation after the extinction coefficients invert the aerosol mass concentration are avoided; and secondly, the influence of humidity on the wet growth of the particle size of the aerosol species is considered in the construction of an observation operator. The accuracy of the mode initial field is improved by assimilating the extinction coefficient data of the laser radar, and the mode prediction level is further improved.
Compared with other methods, the method adopts the lookup table which is constructed in advance among aerosol species, wet radius and extinction efficiency factors, completes the nonlinear process of complicated extinction coefficient calculation of MIE scattering before assimilation, improves the assimilation timeliness, avoids the complicated problem of constructing an adjoint operator matrix in an assimilation system, and has simpler program code and easy maintenance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the location distribution of a laser radar station and an air quality ground monitoring station in Beijing.
FIG. 2 is a bimodal volume spectral distribution of aerosol particles.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the increase in radius of dry aerosol particles (1 μm) with relative humidity.
FIG. 4 is a scatter plot of control and assimilation experiments and observations.
Fig. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E are scattergrams of observed values of extinction coefficients in the vertical direction after assimilation of radar data from 5 units of hailake, suburb, flatvalley, shandian, and nepheline at 3 month and 1 day 00 in 2019, respectively.
Fig. 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, and 6E are diagrams showing improvement in the assimilation of radar data in 5 parts of hai lake, south suburb, flat valley, shang dian, and xia yunling on the vertical profile of the extinction coefficient at 3 month and 1 day 00 in 2019, respectively.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following description of the method of the present invention is given in more detail with reference to practical examples, it being understood that the specific examples described herein are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
An aerosol data assimilation method based on an MIE scattering equation observation operator comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: collecting three-dimensional extinction coefficient data observed by the laser radar, and carrying out background noise deduction, distance square correction, signal denoising, geometric factor correction, extreme value control and blind area elimination on the data in order to reduce the influence of the laser radar extinction coefficient abnormal value on the assimilation effect.
Collecting weather reanalysis data (FNL) with resolution of 1 degree multiplied by 1 degree and provided by NECP (American weather environmental forecast center) once every 6 hours;
step 2: and simulating for 24 hours by using an atmospheric chemical model (WRF-Chem) to obtain a background field, which represents the distribution field of the pollutants at the initial moment.
And step 3: the particle size spectrum distribution of each species is assumed and the species, wet radius and extinction efficiency factor Q are established for different speciesextA look-up table in between.
The relative humidity RH value range is 0-100% (1% is interval step length), the dry particle size range of each aerosol species is 0.01-20 μm (0.01 μm interval step length), the wet radius corresponding to the dry particle size at different humidity is calculated by using a wet growth formula, the complex refractive index m of BC and the other 7 mode output variables is distinguished, the value range is 1.3-1.9(0.01 interval step length), and the extinction efficiency Q of different species under different wet particle sizes is calculated by using an MIE scattering equationext。
And 4, step 4: and constructing an observation operator capable of directly assimilating the extinction coefficient based on an MIE scattering equation.
Figure BDA0002948961200000061
Utilizing the wet radius r and the extinction efficiency Q of each species obtained in the step 3extAnd calculating the extinction coefficient of each species according to the aerosol number concentration in the dr particle size section, and superposing the extinction coefficients in all the particle size sections of each species to obtain the extinction coefficient of the aerosol system.
And 5: and assimilating the vertical observation extinction coefficient of the laser radar by using a three-dimensional variational method and an MIE scattering extinction coefficient assimilation operator to obtain the optimal mass concentration distribution of the PM2.5 of the ground aerosol.
According to the three-dimensional variation theory and the MIE scattering equation, a computer program for solving the three-dimensional variation target functional is written and called an assimilation system. The form of the three-dimensional variation target functional is as follows:
Figure BDA0002948961200000062
wherein, x is called a control variable in an assimilation system, is a vector with the length of N, the element of the vector is the mass concentration value of a plurality of species aerosol variables at a three-dimensional grid point of a numerical mode, and the optimal solution x-x of the functional can be obtained by utilizing a numerical solving program of a computeraThen xaTo solve the resulting analytical field;
xbthe vector is the same as x, and the forecast result of the numerical mode at the previous moment is taken as the background field; b is the background error covariance, which is an N x N dimensional matrix;
y is called an observation variable and is a vector of length M whose elements are observations of the aerosol extinction coefficients at a plurality of observation locations.
H is called an observation operator and is a matrix with dimension of M multiplied by N, wherein M is equal to the length of y, N is equal to the length of x, and the result Hx obtained by multiplying x by H is a vector with the same length as y; its physical meaning includes two aspects: firstly, x is the mass concentration of multiple aerosol species, y is an aerosol extinction coefficient, and the value of x needs to be converted into a corresponding aerosol extinction coefficient value by using H to be subtracted from y, and secondly, because the observation position of y is not exactly at the regular grid point of the mode, the function of H also comprises the step of interpolating the value of the grid point to the observation position of a non-grid point;
r is the covariance of the observation errors and is an M x M dimensional matrix; t represents the transpose of the vector.
Through the 5 steps, direct assimilation of the observation extinction coefficient of the laser radar can be achieved, and a more accurate aerosol emission source initial field is obtained, so that the accuracy of the aerosol mass concentration three-dimensional distribution field is further improved.
In the embodiment, taking the improvement of the simulation effect of mass concentration of PM2.5 on the ground of beijing and the surrounding area at 3, 1 and 00 m 2019 as an example, the assimilation test of the laser radar observation extinction coefficient data is performed by combining the steps, the research area resolution is 3 km, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 1: collecting the PM2.5 mass concentration of the sites on the Beijing and the surrounding areas in the test area and the observation extinction coefficient data of the laser radar on the 6 parts of the ground in the Beijing area in the vertical direction, and performing quality control such as background noise deduction, distance square correction, signal denoising, geometric factor correction, extreme value control, dead zone elimination, precipitation period elimination data and the like on the data. The emissions sources used for the production model with the manual emissions source list MEIC-2010 are used and are a priori emissions sources. And (3) simulating PM2.5 initial field data of 3, 3 and 1 day of 2019 by using an atmospheric chemical model (WRF-Chem) and the meteorological field data of 2, 2 and 28 days of 2019 and 00 hours, and eliminating spin-up influence.
Step 2: and (3) taking the initial field obtained in the step (1) as an initial field of an atmospheric chemical mode, and forecasting for 24 hours by utilizing the atmospheric chemical mode (WRF-Chem) to obtain a ground PM2.5 mass concentration distribution field of each hour.
And step 3: and (3) assimilating the extinction coefficient of the laser radar into a mode by using a three-dimensional variational assimilation system and an assimilation operator constructed based on an MIE scattering equation, and generating an assimilation analysis field at 3, 1 and 00 in 2019.
According to the three-dimensional variational theory and an MIE scattering equation, a computer program for solving the three-dimensional variational target functional is written and called an assimilation system. The form of the three-dimensional variation target functional is as follows:
Figure BDA0002948961200000081
wherein x is called a control variable in the assimilation system, and the element of the control variable is a mass concentration value of a plurality of species aerosol variables at a three-dimensional grid point of a numerical mode;
xbcalled background field, the structure of the vector is the same as x, and the prediction result of the numerical mode at the previous moment is generally taken as the background field, and B is the background error covariance.
y is referred to as an observation variable whose elements are observations of the aerosol extinction coefficient at a plurality of observation locations.
H is called an observation operator, and its physical meaning includes two aspects: one is that since x is the mass concentration of the multiple aerosol species and y is the aerosol extinction coefficient, it is necessary to convert the value of x into the corresponding value of the aerosol extinction coefficient using H, and the other is that since the observed position of y is not always exactly at the regular grid point of the pattern, the role of H also includes interpolating the values of the grid point to the observed positions of non-grid points.
R is the observation error covariance and T represents the transpose of the vector.
Let the scale parameter of the species particle be x-2 pi a/lambda and the complex refractive index be m-m1+i*m2The core parameter in the amplitude function of the two components of the scattered light perpendicular and parallel to the scattering surface is then:
Figure BDA0002948961200000082
Figure BDA0002948961200000083
extinction efficiency QextThe ratio of the extinction cross-section of the particle to its geometric cross-section is expressed, and the equation is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0002948961200000084
the MIE scattering extinction coefficient Ext was calculated as:
Figure BDA0002948961200000085
and 4, step 4: and (4) forecasting for 24 hours again by using the assimilation analysis field obtained in the step (3) as an initial field of an atmospheric chemical mode to obtain an assimilation ground PM2.5 mass concentration distribution field per hour.
And 5: in order to verify the improvement effect of the 24-hour ground PM2.5 mass concentration after assimilating the laser radar extinction coefficient data, the ground PM2.5 hourly mass concentration data obtained in the step 2 and the step 4 are interpolated to a ground observation station, and are respectively compared with the actual hourly PM2.5 mass concentration for analysis.
The method is based on the atmospheric chemical mode (WRF-Chem), the corresponding relation between aerosol mode variables and observation is established by using the MIE scattering equation, the constructed assimilation observation operator can directly assimilate the laser radar extinction coefficient data, and errors possibly caused by reabsorption of observation data inversion PM2.5 mass concentration are avoided. Secondly, the influence of humidity on the wet growth of the aerosol particle size is considered when an assimilation observation operator is constructed, the error of the particle extinction coefficient calculated by MIE scattering is reduced, a lookup table among various species, the wet particle size and the extinction efficiency is constructed in advance, the complex process of calculating the particle extinction coefficient by an MIE scattering equation is completed before assimilation, the complex process of constructing the assimilation operator in mode compiling and the construction of a nonlinear adjoint matrix are avoided, the timeliness of the assimilation process is improved, and mode codes are more convenient to maintain.

Claims (4)

1. An aerosol data assimilation method based on an MIE scattering equation observation operator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: acquiring meteorological field driving data and laser radar extinction coefficient data, and making an aerosol mass concentration distribution initial field file by utilizing an atmospheric chemical model (WRF-Chem);
step 2: particle size distribution of 8 pollutant species of MOSAIC based on aerosol scheme MOSAIC in atmospheric chemical model WRF-Chem, wherein the 8 pollutant species are black carbon/elemental carbon (BC/EC), Organic Carbon (OC), sulfate (SO4), nitrate (NO3), ammonium salt (NH4), Chloride (CL), sodium salt (NA) and other unclassified inorganic matters (OIN), the particle size distribution is assumed to be volume-logarithmic bimodal spectrum distribution, wet particle size of aerosol species is calculated by using grid point humidity, and Q factors of various species, wet particle size and extinction efficiency are establishedextA lookup table therebetween;
and step 3: constructing an assimilation operator capable of directly assimilating the extinction coefficient of the aerosol by using an MIE scattering equation;
Figure FDA0002948961190000011
it is seen from the above formula: the extinction coefficient Ext is the complex refractive index m, extinction efficiency Q of each speciesextThe functional relationship between the radius r of the particles and the number of particles in the dr particle size range;
and 4, step 4: according to the three-dimensional variational theory and an MIE scattering equation, a computer program for solving the three-dimensional variational target functional is written and called an assimilation system.
2. The method for assimilating aerosol data based on the observation operator of MIE scattering equation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1: in order to reduce the influence of the laser radar extinction coefficient abnormal value on the assimilation effect, background noise deduction, distance square correction, signal denoising, geometric factor correction, extreme value control and blind area data elimination are carried out on data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises:
2.1) calculating the humidity of the grid point by utilizing the meteorological data of the distribution grid point of the aerosol initial field, searching and obtaining the particle size of the aerosol after wet increase through a wet increase lookup table of the humidity and the particle size of aerosol species, and then searching extinction efficiency coefficients corresponding to different particle sizes of various species by utilizing the particle size;
the volume of aerosol particles can be increased by moisture absorption increase, so that the particle number spectrum distribution is integrally moved, and the extinction coefficient of the aerosol particles is changed; the single parameter-koala equation of the aerosol particle size and the water vapor saturation ratio after the aerosol particles absorb moisture and grow is expressed by the following formula:
Figure FDA0002948961190000021
in the formula: ddryIs the dry particle diameter, A is a constant,
Figure FDA0002948961190000022
σ is the surface tension between liquid and gas, MwaterIs the molar mass of water, R is the universal gas constant, T represents the temperature, and is taken as the normal temperature, rhowaterIs the density of the water and is,
Figure FDA0002948961190000023
indicating the moisture growth factor, D (RH) is the wet particle diameter as a function of RH.
Complex refractive index of aerosol particles after hygroscopic growth
Figure FDA0002948961190000024
The method is calculated by the volume weighted average of the complex refractive index of dry aerosol and the complex refractive index of liquid water:
Figure FDA0002948961190000025
in the formula: m isdryIs the dry aerosol complex refractive index; m iswaterIs the complex refractive index of liquid water. D aerosol particle diameter;
2.2) the range of RH (relative humidity) values in the construction of the lookup table is 0-100% (1% is interval step), the wet growth radius of dry particle size of each aerosol species is correspondingly calculated to be 0.01-20 μm (0.01 μm interval step), the complex refractive index m of BC and other 7 mode output variables is distinguished, and the range of RH values is 1.3-1.9(0.01 interval step).
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 3 comprises:
3.1) 8 contaminating species based on the aerosol protocol (MOSAIC) in atmospheric chemistry mode (WRF-Chem), assuming their respective particle size spectral distribution characteristics, differentiating the particle size of each species and calculating the respective extinction coefficient by MIE scattering equation.
Assuming that the dimension parameter of the contaminant particle is x-2 pi a/lambda and the complex refractive index is m-m1+i*m2The core parameter in the amplitude function of the two components of the scattered light perpendicular and parallel to the scattering surface is then:
Figure FDA0002948961190000026
Figure FDA0002948961190000027
extinction efficiency QextThe ratio of the extinction cross-section of the particle to its geometric cross-section is expressed, and the equation is calculated as follows:
Figure FDA0002948961190000031
the MIE scattering extinction coefficient Ext was calculated as:
Figure FDA0002948961190000032
assuming the aerosol volume spectral distribution is bimodal, each species consists of fine particle size (PM)2.5) And coarse particle size (PM)2.5-10) Two parts are formed. The bimodal volume spectral distribution of the aerosol particles is described by equation (7):
Figure FDA0002948961190000033
in the formula: v1、V2、Dg1、Dg2、σg1、σg2Respectively the total volume, the geometric mean particle diameter and the geometric standard deviation of the coarse and fine particle diameter sections of each aerosol species, and D is the particle diameter of dry aerosol particles.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113834902A (en) * 2021-08-16 2021-12-24 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Sulfur dioxide emission source inversion method based on four-dimensional variational assimilation
CN114112995A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-03-01 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Aerosol optical characteristic data assimilation method and device based on three-dimensional variational technology
CN114112995B (en) * 2021-12-01 2024-01-30 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Aerosol optical characteristic data assimilation method and device based on three-dimensional variation technology
CN118013769A (en) * 2024-04-10 2024-05-10 南京气象科技创新研究院 Atmospheric pollutant concentration prediction method based on WRF-Chem

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