CN113111562B - Wind turbine generator main frame optimization design method based on deformation technology - Google Patents
Wind turbine generator main frame optimization design method based on deformation technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a wind turbine generator main frame optimization design method based on a deformation technology, which comprises the steps of obtaining a main frame basic configuration for optimization design; establishing main frame structure deformation control; obtaining a main frame basic model; creating a wind turbine finite element analysis model; defining an optimization problem; generating a test sample point; s7, establishing an approximate model; solving an optimization problem; and judging whether the solution of the optimization problem is converged or not until the solution is converged to obtain an optimization solution. The method simplifies the complex finite element simulation problem by means of key parameter identification, simulation problem dimension reduction and the like, and optimally designs the main frame of the wind turbine generator. By creating an approximate model between the deformation control parameters and the ultimate working condition strength, fatigue accumulated damage and weight of the main frame, the aims of shortening the design time and improving the research and development efficiency can be achieved, and the ultimate working condition strength, fatigue accumulated damage and weight characteristics of the main frame are comprehensively considered to obtain the main frame meeting the design requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind turbine generator main frame optimization design method based on a deformation technology.
Background
Under the continuous promotion of the development demand of the wind power market, the research and development of the wind turbine generator by each domestic host machine factory develops along the direction of high capacity and high conversion efficiency, related parts of the wind turbine generator are increased and weighted, and the research and development of cost reduction and efficiency improvement of the wind turbine generator are more and more emphasized.
The wind turbine generator system cabin mainly comprises a main frame, a bearing seat, a main shaft, a gear box, a generator and the like. The main frame plays a key role in bearing up-down and front-back connection in assembly, bears wind wheel load, cabin weight, running vibration live load, external wind load and the like transmitted by a transmission chain, and transmits the loads to the top of the tower barrel through the yaw flange. The main frame is used as a key part of the wind turbine generator, and needs to meet the design requirements related to the ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulation damage, so that the design period is long and the difficulty is high.
The traditional main frame is mainly configured by depending on the experience of a structural design engineer, design optimization and iteration are carried out by combining an analytical method and a finite element method, the required design period is long, the obtained main frame has a large self weight, and the safety margin is large; on the other hand, the main frame is a casting part, the structural characteristics are complex, and the configuration optimization is difficult to rapidly realize by directly modifying the modeling size and the characteristic position parameters. The large mass of the main frame increases the manufacturing cost, the transportation cost and causes inconvenience in installation, and therefore, the problems of the main frame optimization design and the production and manufacture must be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a wind turbine main frame optimization design method based on a deformation technology, which overcomes the defects of the existing main frame optimization design technology, and solves the problems of long design period and heavy self weight of the main frame, so as to meet the requirements of the main frame of the wind turbine on high efficiency, high reliability and low cost.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means: the invention provides a wind turbine generator main frame optimization design method based on a deformation technology, which comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining a main frame basic configuration for optimal design;
s2, according to the basic configuration of the host, a main frame structure deformation control body is created on the basis of a deformation technology, and control points on the deformation control body are selected to form deformation control parameters;
s3, associating the basic configuration of the main frame with the deformation control body to obtain a basic model of the main frame;
s4, establishing a wind turbine finite element analysis model according to the main frame foundation model, and calculating the ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage of the main frame foundation scheme;
s5, according to the finite element analysis model, defining an optimization problem by taking deformation control parameters as design variables, taking the ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage of the main frame as constraint conditions and taking the weight of the main frame as an optimization objective function;
s6, sampling combination is carried out on the design variables in a given upper limit and lower limit range according to the upper limit and the lower limit of the values of the design variables, the main frame limit working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage corresponding to each value combination are respectively calculated, the main frame weight is extracted, and test sample points are generated;
s7, determining a function relation between an input variable and an output variable according to the test sample point, and creating an approximate model;
s8, solving the optimization problem according to the approximate model, and seeking values of deformation control parameters meeting constraint conditions and optimizing objective functions;
and S9, judging whether the solution of the optimization problem in the step S9 is converged, if so, taking the solution as an optimization solution, if not, returning to the step S5 to update the upper limit and the lower limit of the design variable, and repeating the steps S6 to S8 until the solution is converged to obtain the optimization solution.
Further, in step S1, the main frame base configuration comprises a three-dimensional geometric model and a finite element model.
Further, in step S2, the deformation control body includes a two-dimensional deformation control curved surface and a three-dimensional deformation control body, and the deformation control parameter may be associated with a local coordinate system or a global coordinate system to implement structural deformation or position adjustment in a specified direction.
Further, a step S61 of analyzing the sensitivity of the input variable to the output variable according to the test sample point is further included between the step S6 and the step S7, wherein the input variable is a deformation control parameter, and the output variable includes the main frame limit condition strength, the fatigue accumulated damage and the weight.
Further, step S10 is included after step S9, a new main frame three-dimensional geometric model and a new finite element model are established according to the optimization solution, limit disclosure and fatigue cumulative damage performance verification of the main frame optimization scheme are performed, if the design requirements are met, the optimization is finished, otherwise, local structure adjustment of the main frame is performed according to the approximate model in step S7 and the sensitivity analysis result in step S61 until the main frame performance meets the design requirements.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a wind turbine generator main frame optimization design method based on a deformation technology, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring a main frame basic configuration for optimal design; s2, according to the basic configuration of the host, a main frame structure deformation control body is created on the basis of a deformation technology, and control points on the deformation control body are selected to form deformation control parameters; s3, associating the basic configuration of the main frame with the deformation control body to obtain a basic model of the main frame; s4, establishing a wind turbine finite element analysis model according to the main frame foundation model, and calculating the ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage of the main frame foundation scheme; s5, according to a finite element analysis model, defining an optimization problem by taking deformation control parameters as design variables, taking the ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage of the main frame as constraint conditions and taking the weight of the main frame as an optimization objective function; s6, sampling combination is carried out on the design variables in a given upper limit and lower limit range according to the upper limit and the lower limit of the values of the design variables, the main frame limit working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage corresponding to each value combination are respectively calculated, the main frame weight is extracted, and test sample points are generated; s7, determining a functional relation between an input variable and an output variable according to the test sample points, and creating an approximate model; s8, solving the optimization problem according to the approximate model, and seeking values of deformation control parameters meeting constraint conditions and optimizing objective functions; and S9, judging whether the solution of the optimization problem in the step S9 is converged, if so, taking the solution as an optimization solution, if not, returning to the step S5 to update the upper limit and the lower limit of the design variable, and repeating the steps S6 to S8 until the solution is converged to obtain the optimization solution.
The invention simplifies the complex finite element simulation problem by means of key parameter identification, simulation problem dimension reduction and the like by using a proper test design and approximate modeling method, thereby being capable of carrying out optimization design on the main frame of the wind turbine generator by using various existing optimization analysis tools. By creating an approximate model between the deformation control parameters and the ultimate working condition strength, fatigue accumulated damage and weight of the main frame and carrying out main frame optimization design based on the approximate model, the aims of shortening the design time and improving the research and development efficiency can be achieved. The invention comprehensively considers the characteristics of the main frame such as ultimate working condition strength, fatigue accumulated damage and weight, can balance the importance degree of each characteristic in the optimization process, and can be properly adjusted according to the requirement to obtain the main frame meeting the design requirement.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a mainframe base configuration of the acquired embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a deformation control body created based on a deformation technique on a base frame basic configuration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of controlling the deformation of the thickness of the upper structure of the main frame;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the main frame after the main frame of fig. 3 is deformed by the deformation parameters and optimized.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Referring to fig. 1~5, the present invention provides a wind turbine main frame optimization design method based on a deformation technique, which includes the following steps:
in the first step, as shown in fig. 2, a three-dimensional geometric model of the main frame in the basic design stage is obtained as the basic configuration for the optimization of the present embodiment, and the main frame already has the basic structural shape.
Secondly, as shown in fig. 3, a three-dimensional deformation control body of the mainframe structure is created around the characteristics of the basic configuration of the mainframe by using the deformation technology in a professional deformation tool, and the vertex of the control body consists of control points of 13 layers in the X direction, 6 layers in the Y direction and 15 layers in the Z direction, namely 13 × 6 × 15 control points; selecting control points on a deformation control body to form deformation control parameters, wherein the control objects comprise the wall thickness of a main frame, the positions, the sizes, the shapes and the like of holes and rib plates on the main frame, and form 21 deformation control parameters, wherein T is related deformation parameters for thickness adjustment, and U is related deformation parameters for structural characteristic positions, shapes and the like; and determining the value range of the deformation control parameters according to the structure or the characteristic size of the main frame, wherein the deformation control parameters related to the wall thickness of the main frame are associated with a global coordinate system, and the deformation control parameters related to the positions, the sizes, the shapes and the like of the hole and the rib plate on the main frame are associated with a local coordinate system, so that the structural deformation or the position adjustment in the designated direction is realized.
The value ranges of the deformation control parameters determined in table 1.
And thirdly, associating the basic configuration of the main frame with a deformation control body through operation, and realizing linkage of deformation control parameters and the main frame structure so as to realize deformation of the main frame by modifying the deformation control parameters.
Fourthly, establishing a wind turbine generator finite element analysis model based on the basic configuration of the main frame; and calculating the ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage of the main frame basic scheme to serve as the basic performance of main frame optimization.
Fifthly, the deformation control parameters created in the second step are used as design variables, the design requirement values of the ultimate working condition strength and the fatigue accumulated damage of the main frame are used as constraint conditions, the weight of the main frame is minimized to be an optimization objective function, and an optimization problem is defined; and initializing an optimization problem, wherein the optimization problem comprises upper and lower value limits of design variables and upper or lower limit of constraint conditions.
Sixthly, sampling and combining the initialized deformation control parameters in the fifth step in an orthogonal array method, selecting an L27 orthogonal matrix, and generating 27 groups of value combinations of the deformation control parameters; and respectively calculating the main frame ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage corresponding to each value combination, extracting the main frame weight and generating a test sample point.
And seventhly, analyzing the sensitivity of the deformation control parameters created in the second step on the limit working condition strength, the fatigue accumulated damage and the main frame weight obtained by finite element analysis of the main frame by using a data mining method based on the test sample points obtained in the sixth step.
And eighthly, selecting a radial basis function neural network model to construct a functional relation between the deformation control parameters created in the second step and the ultimate working condition strength, fatigue accumulation damage and weight obtained by finite element analysis of the main frame, namely an approximate model, based on the test sample points obtained in the sixth step, comparing the performance of the main frame basic model with the output result of the approximate model, and verifying the precision of the approximate model.
And ninthly, selecting an intelligent optimization algorithm to solve the optimization problem defined in the fifth step based on the approximate model between the deformation control parameters created in the eighth step and the ultimate working condition strength, fatigue accumulated damage and weight of the main frame, and seeking a deformation control parameter combination which meets constraint conditions and an optimization objective function, namely an optimized solution. Table 2 is a comparison of values of deformation control parameters before and after optimization.
And step ten, judging whether the solution of the optimization problem is converged by taking the constraint condition as a convergence condition, if so, taking the corresponding solution as an optimized solution, otherwise, returning to the step five to update the upper limit and the lower limit of the design variable, and repeating the steps six to nine until the solution is converged.
And a tenth step of deforming the main frame according to the deformation control parameter combination obtained in the ninth step, updating a three-dimensional geometric model of the main frame based on three-dimensional modeling software according to the size of the deformed main frame, further creating a finite element analysis model of the wind turbine generator, verifying the ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulation damage performance of the main frame optimization scheme, finishing optimization if relevant performance meets design requirements, and otherwise, adjusting a local structure of the main frame according to the approximate model in the eighth step and by combining a sensitivity analysis result in the seventh step until the performance of the main frame meets the design requirements.
TABLE 2 comparison of values of deformation control parameters before and after optimization
TABLE 3 comparison of performance analysis results of main frame parts before and after optimization
In conclusion, the mass of the optimized main frame is reduced from 16.50t to 15.61t, the mass is reduced by 5.45%, the fatigue accumulated damage is reduced from 0.45 to 0.39, the fatigue accumulated damage is reduced by 13.33%, the ultimate working condition strength of the main frame is slightly reduced, the design requirement is still met, and the weight reduction potential of the main frame is excavated.
The invention provides an effective technical approach for optimizing the structural size, the characteristic position, the characteristic shape and the like of the main frame of the wind turbine generator, reducing the dependency relationship among three-dimensional characteristics and improving the modeling efficiency, and provides powerful support for the optimization design of the main frame of the wind turbine generator. By using a proper test design and approximate modeling method, the complex finite element simulation problem is simplified by means of key parameter identification, simulation problem dimension reduction and the like, so that the main frame of the wind turbine generator can be optimally designed by using various existing optimization analysis tools. By creating an approximate model between the deformation control parameters and the ultimate working condition strength, fatigue accumulated damage and weight of the main frame and carrying out main frame optimization design based on the approximate model, the aims of shortening the design time and improving the research and development efficiency can be achieved. The invention comprehensively considers the characteristics of the main frame such as ultimate working condition strength, fatigue accumulated damage and weight, can balance the importance degree of each characteristic in the optimization process, and can be properly adjusted according to the requirement to obtain the main frame meeting the design requirement.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (5)
1. A wind turbine main frame optimization design method based on a deformation technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a main frame basic configuration for optimal design;
s2, according to the basic configuration of the host, a deformation control body of the host frame structure is created on the basis of a deformation technology, and control points on the deformation control body are selected to form deformation control parameters;
s3, associating the basic configuration of the main frame with a deformation control body to obtain a basic model of the main frame;
s4, establishing a wind turbine finite element analysis model according to the main frame foundation model, and calculating the ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage of the main frame foundation scheme;
s5, according to the finite element analysis model, defining an optimization problem by taking deformation control parameters as design variables, taking the ultimate working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage of the main frame as constraint conditions and taking the weight of the main frame as an optimization objective function;
s6, sampling combination is carried out on the design variables in a given upper limit and lower limit range according to the upper limit and the lower limit of the values of the design variables, the main frame limit working condition strength and fatigue accumulated damage corresponding to each value combination are respectively calculated, the main frame weight is extracted, and test sample points are generated;
s7, determining a functional relation between an input variable and an output variable according to the test sample points, and creating an approximate model;
s8, solving the optimization problem according to the approximate model, and seeking values of deformation control parameters meeting constraint conditions and optimizing objective functions;
and S9, judging whether the solution of the optimization problem in the step S9 is converged, if so, taking the solution as an optimization solution, if not, returning to the step S5 to update the upper limit and the lower limit of the design variable, and repeating the steps S6 to S8 until the solution is converged to obtain the optimization solution.
2. The method for the optimal design of the mainframe of the wind turbine generator based on the deformation technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mainframe base configuration comprises a three-dimensional geometric model and a finite element model.
3. The wind turbine generator mainframe optimal design method based on the deformation technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the deformation control body comprises a two-dimensional deformation control curved surface and a three-dimensional deformation control body, and the deformation control parameters may be associated with a local coordinate system or a global coordinate system to achieve structural deformation or position adjustment in a specified direction.
4. The wind turbine main frame optimization design method based on the deformation technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a step S61 of analyzing the sensitivity of an input variable to an output variable according to the test sample point, wherein the input variable is a deformation control parameter, and the output variable comprises the ultimate working condition strength, the fatigue accumulated damage and the weight of the main frame.
5. The wind turbine main frame optimization design method based on the deformation technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein the wind turbine main frame optimization design method comprises the following steps: and step S10, establishing a new main frame three-dimensional geometric model and a new finite element model according to the optimization solution, performing limit disclosure and fatigue accumulated damage performance verification on the main frame optimization scheme, finishing optimization if the design requirements are met, and otherwise, performing local structure adjustment on the main frame according to the approximate model in the step S7 and the sensitivity analysis result in the step S61 until the performance of the main frame meets the design requirements.
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