CN116451302A - Method for quickly constructing building structure simulation model - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly constructing a building structure simulation model. The method comprises the following steps: s1: acquiring characteristic information of building plane arrangement, defining and initializing an adjustable parameter range; s2: constructing an integral information matrix of the building structure; s3: defining various structural loading actions; s4: carrying out modal analysis and rigidity matching on the structure; s5: building a structural calculation model, and carrying out reinforcement design; s6: and classifying and selecting safety and economical statistical indexes of the output model, and screening an optimal structural scheme according to the weight. The method solves the problems that the integral rigidity of the current automatically built model is not uniform, the integral index result calculated by the model is far from the standard requirement, the model needs to be repeatedly adjusted in the later period for trial calculation, and the workload is large, realizes the quick building of the building structure simulation model, and improves the efficiency of building the model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building structure design, in particular to an automatic construction method of a building structure simulation model based on parameterization and rigidity matching.
Background
The application of parametric modeling by using the principle of Building Information Model (BIM) is early in western countries, and the technology is relatively mature. In China, a structural scheme can be calculated each time by adopting traditional modeling software, and if the building size, structural form or structural parameters change, the structural scheme needs to be returned to the modeling module for modification and then the calculation is restarted. In the conventional structural design process, the results of comparing and debugging the structural model in the early structural scheme meet the standard requirements, and the efficiency is low.
Currently, when an engineer builds a building structure model, the working steps are:
(1) Determining the preliminary size of the component according to the information such as the material, the length, the load and the like of the comprehensive component;
(2) Continuously trial calculation, and adjusting the structural rigidity of the steel until the integral index meets the specification requirement;
(3) And adjusting the cross section of the component until the bearing capacity of the component meets the standard requirement.
At present, the step 1 and the step 3 are both carried out by corresponding technical supports so that the structural rigidity can be automatically realized, but in the step 2, each time the structural rigidity is adjusted by an engineer according to the read overall index result and the accumulated experience of individuals, the process of 'trial calculation-modeling modification-trial calculation' is repeatedly continued after the structural members are adjusted one by returning to the modeling module, and the development of structural design automation technology is hindered because no better automatic solution exists at present due to the fact that the personal experience and the supervisor judgment are relied on. At the same time, without the correct overall stiffness as a basis, the efficiency of the automatic adjustment of the components is also greatly compromised.
In addition, when complex structural schemes such as a large span and an ultra-high layer are designed, in order to achieve the purposes of economy and safety, multiple system schemes are usually required to be compared, multiple structural models meeting the building schemes are required to be established, and the actual workload is large.
When the problem to be solved is not a single building structure design project, but a special problem in the structure specification is studied, engineers need to establish all models with different plane sizes, heights, seismic intensity and wind load as test samples, and as the types of influencing factors are increased, the number of models with various condition combinations is increased along with the increase of geometric multiples of the models, so that the modeling working intensity is very high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problems of inaccurate integral rigidity and large post-adjustment workload when the model is automatically built in the prior art; the method for quickly constructing the building structure simulation model effectively reduces the time and calculation resources of model components so as to improve the working efficiency of structural engineers.
The technical problems of the invention are mainly solved by the following technical proposal:
a method for quickly constructing a building structure simulation model comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring characteristic information of building plane arrangement, defining and initializing an adjustable parameter range;
s2: building a building structure integral information matrix based on the building plane layout characteristic information after parameter initialization;
s3: defining various structural loading effects based on the structural overall information matrix;
s4: based on the structural overall information matrix after the load is determined, carrying out modal analysis and rigidity matching on the structure;
s5: based on the structural model information after rigidity matching, a structural calculation model is established, and reinforcement design is carried out;
s6: and classifying and selecting safety and economical statistical indexes of the output model, and screening an optimal structural scheme according to the weight.
Carrying out modal analysis and rigidity matching on the structure according to the structural overall information matrix after the loading is determined; and a structural calculation model is built again, reinforcement design is carried out, so that the problems that the integral rigidity of the model which is automatically built at present is not uniform, the integral index result of the model calculation is far from the standard requirement, the model needs to be repeatedly adjusted in the later period for trial calculation again, and the workload is large are solved, the quick building of the building structural simulation model is realized, and the efficiency of model building is improved.
Preferably, the characteristic information of the building plane arrangement comprises the dimension of the shaft net and the arrangement of the building wall.
Preferably, the adjustable parameter ranges include a wall stud vertical component placement density range and a component size range.
Preferably, the overall information includes the number of building layers, layer height, width, aspect ratio, length, aspect ratio, material strength, and protective layer thickness; and calculating the whole information to construct a preliminary rigidity matrix of the building structure.
Preferably, the structural loading effect comprises constant/live loading effect, wind loading effect and earthquake effect; and obtaining a mass matrix of the building structure according to the structural load effect.
Preferably, the wind load action matrix comprises ground roughness and basic wind pressure parameters; the seismic action matrix includes seismic intensity and seismic influence coefficient parameters.
Preferably, the mode analysis calculates the corresponding number of models:
(1) Number of wind load models = number of basic wind pressures;
(2) Number of earthquake action models = number of earthquake effects X earthquake fortification intensity X aspect ratio number X floor height number.
Preferably, the stiffness matching includes the following periodic control formula:
(1) An empirical formula for calculating the fundamental self-oscillation period based on the number n of layers:
T a ＝(a min ～a max )n
wherein T is a Is a basic self-oscillation period;
a min and a max Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the experience coefficient;
(2) Self-vibration period calculation formula based on structure height H and width B:
wherein a is 1 Is a fixed coefficient;
a 2 is a conversion coefficient;
(3) The calculation formula of the basic self-oscillation period is as follows:
T a ＝C r h n x
wherein h is n Is the height from the foundation to the structural roof;
C r to calculate coefficients;
x is an exponential coefficient;
if the rigidity matching does not meet the requirement of the set threshold, automatically modifying the arrangement density and the size matrix of the vertical members, and performing trial calculation again until the requirement is met.
Preferably, the model information after rigidity matching is imported into building structural mechanics software for calculation, and the result is output.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
carrying out modal analysis and rigidity matching on the structure according to the structural overall information matrix after the loading is determined; and a structural calculation model is built again, reinforcement design is carried out, so that the problems that the integral rigidity of the model which is automatically built at present is not uniform, the integral index result of the model calculation is far from the standard requirement, the model needs to be repeatedly adjusted in the later period for trial calculation again, and the workload is large are solved, the quick building of the building structural simulation model is realized, and the efficiency of model building is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of quickly constructing a simulation model of a building structure in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 2 is a graph showing the area ratio of the base zero stress region under wind loading in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plot of area ratio of the base zero stress region under normal seismic action of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described below through examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples:
by adopting the scheme of the embodiment, simulation models are quickly built in batches, and the area ratio of the basic zero stress area under the actions of different wind loads and earthquakes is solved when the height H of the structure is between 24 meters and 100 meters and the aspect ratio of the structure is the standard maximum value.
The method for quickly constructing the building structure simulation model in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, comprises the following steps: s1: and acquiring characteristic information of the building plane layout, and defining and initializing an adjustable parameter range.
The plane arrangement characteristic information comprises shaft net size, building wall arrangement and the like. And parameters such as the arrangement density range of the vertical components of the wall column, the size range of the components and the like are respectively defined.
The building height adopts the high-rise building height which is more common in the actual engineering, namely the structural height H is between 24 meters and 100 meters, and according to the conventional engineering experience, the value of the layer height H at the large bottom space and the value of the upper layer height are determined to form a layer height matrix H. And obtaining a structural plane width matrix B and a structural plane length matrix L according to the maximum aspect ratio and the length-width ratio under different earthquake fortification intensity in the specification. And defining an axis net size matrix and a building wall arrangement information matrix.
S2: and constructing an integral information matrix of the building structure based on the building plane layout characteristic information after parameter initialization.
The whole information comprises basic information such as the number of building layers (layer height), height, width (aspect ratio), length (aspect ratio), material strength, protective layer thickness and the like, and the preliminary rigidity matrix of the building structure is obtained through calculation.
S3: based on the structural overall information matrix, various structural loading actions are defined.
Structural loading effects include constant/live loading effects, wind loading effects and seismic effects.
1) Constant live load effect
And applying corresponding constant load and live load functions according to the construction drawing information.
2) Wind load action
The wind load action matrix comprises parameters such as ground roughness, basic wind pressure and the like.
3) Earthquake action
The seismic action matrix comprises parameters such as seismic intensity, seismic influence coefficient and the like.
And obtaining a mass matrix of the building structure according to the structural load effect.
In this embodiment, in order to reduce the calculation amount, the generated structural models under the action of partial earthquakes are loaded with wind load actions of different sizes, that is, when the aspect ratio is 6, the wind load selects 12 groups of wind pressures corresponding to 6 groups of earthquake-proof fortification intensities under severe earthquakes and 6 groups of earthquake-proof fortification intensities under rare earthquakes, on the basis, 6 groups of simulation models with the aspect ratio between 4 and 5 and the earthquake-proof fortification intensities between 8 and 9 degrees are attached, each group of models comprises 21 layer models, and 378 simulation models are obtained rapidly in total as shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 simulation model form
S4: and carrying out modal analysis and rigidity matching on the structure based on the structural overall information matrix after the load is determined.
Modal analysis calculation model corresponding number:
(1) Number of wind load models = number of basic wind pressures.
(2) Number of earthquake action models = number of earthquake effects X earthquake fortification intensity X aspect ratio number X floor height number.
The stiffness matching includes the following periodic control formula alternatives:
(1) An empirical formula for calculating the fundamental self-oscillation period based on the number n of layers:
T a ＝(a min ～a max )n
wherein T is a Is a basic self-oscillation period.
a min And a max The maximum and minimum values of the empirical coefficients, respectively, are in the range of 0.05 to 0.10 in this embodiment.
(2) Self-vibration period calculation formula based on structure height H and width B:
wherein a is 1 Is a fixed coefficient.
a 2 Is a conversion coefficient.
In this embodiment a 1 Take 0.25, a 2 Taking 0.53; namely:
(3) The calculation formula of the basic self-oscillation period is as follows:
T a ＝C r h n x
wherein h is n Is the height (meters) from the foundation to the structural roof.
C r To calculate coefficients; x is an exponential coefficient. From FEMA 450 Table 5.2-2, C for reinforced concrete structures r ＝0.0466。x＝0.9。
If the rigidity matching does not meet the requirement of the set threshold, automatically modifying the arrangement density and the size matrix of the vertical members, and performing trial calculation again until the requirement is met.
In order to ensure that the structural rigidity accords with the actual situation, meanwhile, the calculation results of the vibration mode decomposition reaction spectrum method and the bottom shearing method are comparable, a plane layout model which accords with the actual situation is required to be established, the section size and the wheel base of the beam, the column and the wall are taken as parameters, the basic self-vibration period calculated by a calculation formula of a third basic self-vibration period is taken as a target, and the parameters are iterated repeatedly by utilizing a program, so that the final simulation model structure period value is almost consistent with the value calculated by the calculation formula of the third basic self-vibration period, as shown in the table 2. The simulation model group obtained in this way is used as a basic model group of a vibration mode decomposition reaction spectrum method.
TABLE 2 comparison of simulation model with fundamental period of self-vibration
| Layer number | Structural height (m) | Equation calculation period | Period of simulation model | Error of |
| 6 | 24.0 | 0.814 | 0.741 | 9.85％ |
| 7 | 27.8 | 0.929 | 0.955 | -2.69％ |
| 8 | 31.6 | 1.043 | 1.043 | -0.05％ |
| 9 | 35.4 | 1.155 | 1.156 | -0.12％ |
| 10 | 39.2 | 1.266 | 1.259 | 0.55％ |
| 11 | 43.0 | 1.376 | 1.383 | -0.51％ |
| 12 | 46.8 | 1.485 | 1.500 | -1.03％ |
| 13 | 50.6 | 1.593 | 1.616 | -1.45％ |
| 14 | 54.4 | 1.700 | 1.685 | 0.86％ |
| 15 | 58.2 | 1.806 | 1.803 | 0.21％ |
| 16 | 62.0 | 1.912 | 1.899 | 0.67％ |
| 17 | 65.8 | 2.017 | 2.009 | 0.39％ |
| 18 | 69.6 | 2.122 | 2.121 | 0.04％ |
| 19 | 73.4 | 2.226 | 2.183 | 1.97％ |
| 20 | 77.2 | 2.329 | 2.299 | 1.30％ |
| 21 | 81.0 | 2.432 | 2.419 | 0.54％ |
| 22 | 84.8 | 2.535 | 2.559 | -0.95％ |
| 23 | 88.6 | 2.637 | 2.689 | -1.95％ |
| 24 | 92.4 | 2.738 | 2.737 | 0.06％ |
| 25 | 96.2 | 2.840 | 2.824 | 0.55％ |
| 26 | 100.0 | 2.940 | 2.935 | 0.16％ |
S5: and based on the structural model information after rigidity matching, building a structural calculation model, and carrying out reinforcement design.
And importing the model information with the rigidity matched into building structure mechanics software for calculation, and outputting a result.
S6: and classifying and selecting safety and economical statistical indexes of the output model, and screening an optimal structural scheme according to the weight.
And finally obtaining the area of the basic zero stress area under the action of wind load, such as shown in figure 2, and the area of the basic zero stress area under the action of frequent earthquake, such as shown in figure 3, through the screening calculation result.
According to the scheme of the embodiment, the structure is subjected to modal analysis and rigidity matching according to the structural overall information matrix after the loading is determined; and a structural calculation model is built again, reinforcement design is carried out, so that the problems that the integral rigidity of the model which is automatically built at present is not uniform, the integral index result of the model calculation is far from the standard requirement, the model needs to be repeatedly adjusted in the later period for trial calculation again, and the workload is large are solved, the quick building of the building structural simulation model is realized, and the efficiency of model building is improved.
It should be understood that the examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (9)
1. The method for quickly constructing the building structure simulation model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: acquiring characteristic information of building plane arrangement, defining and initializing an adjustable parameter range;
s2: building a building structure integral information matrix based on the building plane layout characteristic information after parameter initialization;
s3: defining various structural loading effects based on the structural overall information matrix;
s4: based on the structural overall information matrix after the load is determined, carrying out modal analysis and rigidity matching on the structure;
s5: based on the structural model information after rigidity matching, a structural calculation model is established, and reinforcement design is carried out;
s6: and classifying and selecting safety and economical statistical indexes of the output model, and screening an optimal structural scheme according to the weight.
2. The method for quickly constructing a simulation model of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic information of the building plan includes the dimension of the shaft net and the layout of the building wall.
3. A method of rapidly building a simulation model of a building structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjustable parameter ranges include a wall stud vertical component placement density range and a component size range.
4. A method of rapidly building a simulation model of a building structure according to claim 3, wherein the overall information comprises the number of building layers, layer height, width, aspect ratio, length, aspect ratio, material strength and protective layer thickness; and calculating the whole information to construct a preliminary rigidity matrix of the building structure.
5. A method of rapidly building a simulation model of a building structure according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the structural loading effect comprises constant/live loading effect, wind loading effect and seismic effect; and obtaining a mass matrix of the building structure according to the structural load effect.
6. The method for quickly constructing a simulation model of a building structure according to claim 5, wherein the wind load action matrix comprises ground roughness and basic wind pressure parameters; the seismic action matrix includes seismic intensity and seismic influence coefficient parameters.
7. A method for quickly constructing a simulation model of a building structure according to claim 1, 4 or 6, wherein the modal analysis calculation model corresponds to the number of:
(1) Number of wind load models = number of basic wind pressures;
(2) Number of earthquake action models = number of earthquake effects X earthquake fortification intensity X aspect ratio number X floor height number.
8. A method of rapidly building a simulation model of a building structure according to claim 1, 4 or 6, wherein the stiffness matching comprises the following periodic control formula:
(1) An empirical formula for calculating the fundamental self-oscillation period based on the number n of layers:
T a ＝(a min ～a max )n
wherein T is a Is a basic self-oscillation period;
a min and a max Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the experience coefficient;
(2) Self-vibration period calculation formula based on structure height H and width B:
wherein a is 1 Is a fixed coefficient;
a 2 is a conversion coefficient;
(3) The calculation formula of the basic self-oscillation period is as follows:
T a ＝C r h n x
wherein h is n Is the height from the foundation to the structural roof;
C r to calculate coefficients;
x is an exponential coefficient;
if the rigidity matching does not meet the requirement of the set threshold, automatically modifying the arrangement density and the size matrix of the vertical members, and performing trial calculation again until the requirement is met.
9. The method for quickly constructing a simulation model of a building structure according to claim 8, wherein the model information after rigidity matching is imported into mechanical software of the building structure for calculation, and the result is output.
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| CN117951798A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-04-30 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | BIM-based building inner partition modeling method, medium and system |
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| CN117951798A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-04-30 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | BIM-based building inner partition modeling method, medium and system |
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