CN113110675B - Voltage regulating circuit and method for simulating discharge characteristic of primary battery based on closed loop - Google Patents
Voltage regulating circuit and method for simulating discharge characteristic of primary battery based on closed loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN113110675B CN113110675B CN202110546223.8A CN202110546223A CN113110675B CN 113110675 B CN113110675 B CN 113110675B CN 202110546223 A CN202110546223 A CN 202110546223A CN 113110675 B CN113110675 B CN 113110675B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/561—Voltage to current converters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a voltage regulating circuit for simulating the discharge characteristic of a primary battery based on a closed loop, which comprises a lithium battery module, a voltage proportion control circuit and a voltage power output circuit which are sequentially connected; the voltage proportion control circuit controls the voltage power output circuit to output according to the preset proportion of the voltage of the lithium battery according to the voltage of the lithium battery; the voltage power output circuit is used for power output. The circuit can also keep the stability of the output voltage in the process that the output voltage is reduced along with the voltage of the lithium battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rechargeable battery voltage regulation, in particular to a voltage regulation circuit and method for simulating the discharge characteristic of a primary battery based on a closed loop.
Background
Because the energy density of the lithium battery is far greater than that of the traditional primary battery, the lithium battery can be used for a longer time under the same volume instead of the traditional primary battery, the charging times are reduced, and the user experience is improved, so that the batteries of A type, AA type, AAA type, AAAA type, C type, D type, SC type and the like which replace the primary battery are on the market.
The scheme of replacing a primary battery by the existing lithium battery is that the lithium battery is converted into a fixed 1.5 or 9V output through DC-DC conversion. One problem with this solution is that: the equipment uses the lithium battery of the existing scheme to replace the primary battery, so that the residual electric quantity information of the battery cannot be accurately acquired, and the risk of sudden power failure is caused. The specific reason is analyzed as follows:
use the equipment of current primary battery, like wireless microphone, universal meter, hand-held type instrument, remote controller etc. all need carry out the electric quantity and detect, remind the user in advance when low electric quantity appears or appears soon in equipment: the battery is required to be replaced in time when the battery is low, so that inconvenience, problems and even accidents caused by sudden power failure of the battery are avoided. At present, equipment powered by a primary battery is used for estimating and measuring electric quantity based on battery voltage, for example, the equipment powered by the primary battery is used for judging that the battery is in a full-charge state when the battery voltage is 1.5V, judging that the battery is not charged when the battery is reduced to 1.15V (the threshold value is slightly different due to different products), and reminding a user of replacing the battery in time when the battery is possibly 1.2-1.3V. However, the conventional scheme that the lithium battery outputs 1.5V through DC-DC constant voltage is adopted, so long as the voltage of the battery can provide a DC-DC circuit for working, the voltage is stabilized at 1.5V, and when the lithium battery is not electrified, the DC-DC circuit directly turns off the output, so that the equipment is directly powered off.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a voltage regulating circuit and method for simulating a discharge characteristic of a primary battery based on a closed loop, which can keep an output voltage stable even when the output voltage decreases with a voltage of a lithium battery.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a voltage regulating circuit for simulating the discharge characteristic of a primary battery based on a closed loop comprises a lithium battery module, a voltage proportion control circuit and a voltage power output circuit which are connected in sequence; the voltage proportion control circuit controls the voltage power output circuit to output according to the preset proportion of the voltage of the lithium battery according to the voltage of the lithium battery; the voltage power output circuit is used for power output.
Furthermore, the voltage and power output circuit adopts a DC-DC circuit, a low static loss LDO circuit or a LDO circuit built by discrete elements.
Further, the DC-DC circuit comprises a DC-DC chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, an inductor and a capacitor; one end of the inductor is connected with the SW pin of the DC-DC chip, and the other end of the inductor is respectively connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the capacitor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with a Vref pin of the DC-DC chip, one end of a third resistor and one end of a second resistor respectively; the other end of the third resistor is connected with a power supply proportional control circuit; the other end of the second resistor and the other end of the capacitor are both grounded.
Further, the LDO circuit comprises an LDO chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a capacitor; an OUT pin of the LDO chip is respectively connected with one end of an electric resistor and one end of a capacitor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with a Vref pin of the LDO chip, one end of a third resistor and one end of a second resistor respectively; the other end of the third resistor is connected with a power supply proportional control circuit; the other end of the second resistor and the other end of the capacitor are both grounded.
Further, the voltage proportional control circuit is composed of discrete components or ICs.
Furthermore, the voltage proportion control circuit adopts an inverse proportion circuit and a constant current source circuit which are formed by operational amplifiers, or an inverse proportion circuit and a constant current source circuit which are formed by MOS or triodes and the like.
Furthermore, the inverse proportion circuit comprises a first triode, a second triode and a resistor which are symmetrically arranged; the base electrodes of the first triode and the second triode are connected, and the emitting electrodes are grounded; the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the resistor and the base of the first triode; and the base electrode of the second triode is connected with the voltage power output circuit.
Further, the first triode and the second triode are small packaged geminate transistors.
A control method of a voltage regulating circuit simulating the discharge characteristic of a primary battery based on a closed loop specifically comprises the following steps: the voltage power output circuit works in a PFM mode when the load is light load or no load, and works in a PWM mode when the load is larger than a preset threshold value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the voltage of the invention is correspondingly reduced along with the reduction of the electric quantity, thereby avoiding the loss caused by sudden power failure;
2. the invention can keep the output voltage stable in the process that the output voltage is reduced along with the voltage of the lithium battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a DC-DC circuit for a voltage power output circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a voltage/power output circuit using an LDO circuit;
FIG. 4 is a voltage inverse proportion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit implemented by the inverse voltage scaling circuit in conjunction with a DC-DC circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit implemented by the inverse voltage scaling circuit in cooperation with the LDO circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a voltage regulating circuit for simulating a discharge characteristic of a primary battery based on a closed loop, which includes a lithium battery module, a voltage ratio control circuit and a voltage power output circuit, which are connected in sequence; the voltage proportion control circuit controls the voltage power output circuit to output according to the preset proportion of the voltage of the lithium battery according to the voltage of the lithium battery; the voltage power output circuit is used for power output.
In the implementation, the voltage power output circuit can adopt a DC-DC circuit, an LDO circuit with low static loss or an LDO circuit built by discrete elements.
Preferably, referring to fig. 2, the voltage power output circuit may adopt a DC-DC circuit, and the DC-DC circuit includes a DC-DC chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, an inductor and a capacitor; one end of the inductor is connected with the SW pin of the DC-DC chip, and the other end of the inductor is respectively connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the capacitor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with a Vref pin of the DC-DC chip, one end of a third resistor and one end of a second resistor respectively; the other end of the third resistor is connected with a power supply proportional control circuit; the other end of the second resistor and the other end of the capacitor are both grounded.
Preferably, referring to fig. 3, the voltage power output circuit employs an LDO circuit, and the LDO circuit includes an LDO chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a capacitor; the OUT pin of the LDO chip is respectively connected with one end of an electric resistor and one end of a capacitor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with a Vref pin of the LDO chip, one end of a third resistor and one end of a second resistor respectively; the other end of the third resistor is connected with a power supply proportional control circuit; the other end of the second resistor and the other end of the capacitor are both grounded.
In this embodiment, when the voltage power output circuit adopts DC-DC or LDO as the power output circuit, the voltage proportional control circuit may be formed by an operational amplifier, or may be formed by discrete components such as MOS and transistor, and the circuit may be an inverse proportional circuit and a constant current source circuit formed by the operational amplifier, or may be formed by an inverse proportional circuit and a constant current source circuit formed by MOS and transistor.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, the voltage proportional control circuit employs an inverse proportional circuit, and the inverse proportional circuit includes a first triode and a second triode that are symmetrically arranged, and a resistor; the base electrodes of the first triode and the second triode are connected, and the emitting electrodes are all grounded; the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the resistor and the base of the first triode; and the base electrode of the second triode is connected with the voltage power output circuit. The circuit realizes Vref shunt control by adopting a mirror current source, the larger the Vbat voltage is, the larger the current flowing through R3 is, the larger the current absorbed from Vref is, and in order to keep the Vref voltage unchanged, the larger the current flowing through R1 needs to be, namely Vp needs to be larger.
Preferably, the first triode and the second triode are small packaged geminate transistors.
A control method of a voltage regulating circuit simulating the discharge characteristic of a primary battery based on a closed loop specifically comprises the following steps: the voltage power output circuit works in a PFM mode when the load is light load or no load, and works in a PWM mode when the load is larger than a preset threshold value.
As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the relationship between the output voltage Vp and the input voltage Vbat is as follows:
setting R4 and R5 to make MOS work in the amplification region, and setting the amplification factor of MOS as beta, including:
(Vp-Vref)/R1=Vref/R2+(Vref-Uc)/R3 1)
Uc=Vref-R3*(Vbat-Ua)/R4 2）
Ua≈Uc 3）
obtaining: vp = Vref R1 (1/R1 +1/R2+ 1/R3) + R1 (Vbat R3-Vref R4)/(R4-R3)/R3
By adjusting R1, R2, R3, and R4, it is possible to obtain a linear relationship between Vbat and Vp, and therefore Vp varies with the level of Vbat voltage, and when Vbat voltage is high, vp voltage is also high, and when Vbat voltage is low, vp voltage is also low.
Example 1:
in the embodiment, the NPN tube is adopted to realize a mirror current source, and in order to reduce the size, the triode is a small-package NPN pair tube. The DCDC chip adopts RT8009 and is packaged by SOT 23-5. Including peripheral devices and the like, the number of the whole components is small, so that the volume is small, and the capacity of the battery is increased conveniently.
According to the formula derived in fig. 7:
Vp=Vref*R1(1/R1+1/R2+1/R3)+R1*(Vbat*R3-Vref*R4)/(R4-R3)/R3
when Vbat =4.2V, output Vp =1.5V,
when Vbat =3.6V, vp =1.35V is output.
When Vbat =2.5V, vp =1.08V is output.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A voltage regulating circuit for simulating the discharge characteristic of a primary battery based on a closed loop is characterized by comprising a lithium battery module, a voltage proportion control circuit and a voltage power output circuit which are sequentially connected; the voltage proportion control circuit controls the voltage power output circuit to output according to the preset proportion of the voltage of the lithium battery according to the voltage of the lithium battery; the voltage power output circuit is used for power output;
the voltage power output circuit adopts a DC-DC circuit, an LDO chip circuit or an LDO circuit built by discrete elements;
the DC-DC circuit comprises a DC-DC chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, an inductor and a capacitor; one end of the inductor is connected with the SW pin of the DC-DC chip, and the other end of the inductor is respectively connected with one end of the first resistor and one end of the capacitor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with a Vref pin of the DC-DC chip, one end of a third resistor and one end of a second resistor respectively; the other end of the third resistor is connected with a power supply proportional control circuit; the other end of the second resistor and the other end of the capacitor are both grounded;
the LDO chip circuit comprises an LDO chip, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a capacitor; the OUT pin of the LDO chip is respectively connected with one end of an electric resistor and one end of a capacitor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with a Vref pin of the LDO chip, one end of a third resistor and one end of a second resistor respectively; the other end of a third resistor of the LDO chip circuit is connected with a power supply proportional control circuit; the other end of the second resistor of the LDO chip circuit and the other end of the capacitor are both grounded; the voltage proportion control circuit consists of discrete elements or ICs;
the voltage proportion control circuit adopts an inverse proportion circuit and a constant current source circuit which are composed of operational amplifiers, or an inverse proportion circuit and a constant current source circuit which comprise MOS and triodes;
the inverse proportion circuit comprises a first triode, a second triode and a resistor which are symmetrically arranged; the base electrodes of the first triode and the second triode are connected, and the emitting electrodes are grounded; the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the resistor and the base of the first triode; and the base electrode of the second triode is connected with the voltage power output circuit.
2. A closed-loop-based voltage regulation circuit that simulates a discharge characteristic of a primary battery as in claim 1, wherein the first and second transistors employ small-package pair transistors.
3. A control method for the closed-loop-based voltage regulation circuit simulating the discharge characteristic of a primary battery according to claim 1, comprising: the voltage power output circuit works in a PFM mode when the load is light load or no load, and works in a PWM mode when the load is larger than a preset threshold value.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110546223.8A CN113110675B (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Voltage regulating circuit and method for simulating discharge characteristic of primary battery based on closed loop |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110546223.8A CN113110675B (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Voltage regulating circuit and method for simulating discharge characteristic of primary battery based on closed loop |
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| CN113110675B true CN113110675B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204144974U (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2015-02-04 | 李相哲 | The protection of lithium battery and inversion system |
| CN205610238U (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-09-28 | 刘礼刚 | Power management integration circuit |
| CN108206550A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-26 | 东莞市德尔能新能源股份有限公司 | High pressure lithium battery BMS power supply circuits |
| CN111146847A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-12 | 上海派能能源科技股份有限公司 | Charge and discharge protection circuit of lithium battery management system and lithium battery management system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI364901B (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2012-05-21 | Delta Electronics Inc | Uninterruptible power supply with low power loss |
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- 2021-05-19 CN CN202110546223.8A patent/CN113110675B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204144974U (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2015-02-04 | 李相哲 | The protection of lithium battery and inversion system |
| CN205610238U (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-09-28 | 刘礼刚 | Power management integration circuit |
| CN108206550A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-26 | 东莞市德尔能新能源股份有限公司 | High pressure lithium battery BMS power supply circuits |
| CN111146847A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-12 | 上海派能能源科技股份有限公司 | Charge and discharge protection circuit of lithium battery management system and lithium battery management system |
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