CN113109617B - Circuit and method for adjusting effective value of electric signal and ventilation treatment equipment - Google Patents
Circuit and method for adjusting effective value of electric signal and ventilation treatment equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/02—Measuring effective values, i.e. root-mean-square values
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
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Abstract
The invention provides a circuit and a method for adjusting an effective value of an electric signal and ventilation treatment equipment, and relates to the field of medical equipment. The circuit comprises: the effective value operation unit is used for operating the electric signal and outputting a square wave signal to the second-order filtering unit, and the second-order filtering unit is used for converting the square wave signal and outputting an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal; the effective value adjusting unit receives the analog voltage value and the reference voltage generated by the reference value unit and outputs the adjusted analog voltage value. The circuit of the invention can not have the condition that the effective value after adjustment lags behind the actual demand, and can be quickly adjusted as long as the effective value of the electric signal changes, thereby well ensuring the constancy of the effective value of the electric signal, naturally greatly improving the stability of a heating system and greatly improving the treatment effect of ventilation treatment equipment. The method reduces the dependence on software and the calculation force of the singlechip and indirectly reduces the cost of ventilation treatment equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a circuit and a method for adjusting an effective value of an electric signal and ventilation treatment equipment.
Background
The ventilation therapy device comprises a heating system, and a plurality of control modes exist in the heating system at present. One of the preferred modes is to adopt a silicon controlled phase shift control, the control fluctuation of the control mode is small, the output current and the output voltage of the system are relatively smooth, and the whole volume of the heating system is small and the structure is relatively simple.
The phase-shifting control of the silicon controlled rectifier needs to be realized based on the effective value of the electric signal, and the constant effective value plays a vital role in the stability of a heating system. The current control of constant effective value in the phase-shifting control of the silicon controlled rectifier is completed by a singlechip, the current mode is only applicable to standard sine wave alternating current signals, the singlechip in actual control needs to accurately measure the period of alternating current, and the effective value adjustment also needs to be realized by means of a software algorithm.
Because the control of the constant effective value is completed by the singlechip, the singlechip needs to perform a large amount of data operation and processing. Therefore, the heating system has higher operation capability requirement on the singlechip, the cost of the heating system is increased intactly, more importantly, the singlechip is used for adjusting the effective value by means of a software algorithm, the operation and the data processing are needed to be time, the effective value is obviously delayed from the actual requirement after the adjustment obtained by the operation, the operation and the processing load of the singlechip are increased, the working efficiency of the singlechip is reduced, the control of the constant effective value of alternating current cannot be well met, the stability of the heating system is poor, and the treatment effect of ventilation treatment equipment is finally affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a circuit and a method for adjusting an effective value of an electric signal and ventilation treatment equipment, and provides a technical scheme for realizing the adjustment of the effective value of the electric signal without a software algorithm.
In a first aspect, there is provided a circuit for active value adjustment of an electrical signal, the circuit comprising: the device comprises an effective value operation unit, a second-order filtering unit, a reference value unit and an effective value adjusting unit;
the effective value operation unit is used for operating the electric signal and outputting a square wave signal to the second-order filtering unit, wherein the square wave signal represents the effective value of the electric signal;
the second-order filtering unit converts the square wave signal and outputs an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal;
the effective value adjusting unit receives the analog voltage value and the reference voltage generated by the reference value unit and outputs the adjusted analog voltage value;
the adjusted analog voltage value characterizes a voltage value obtained by adjusting the effective value based on the reference voltage.
Optionally, the effective value adjusting unit includes: the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor, the first capacitor and the operational amplifier;
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the second-order filtering unit;
the second end of the first resistor is connected with the same-phase end of the operational amplifier;
the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier is respectively connected with the second terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the first capacitor;
the first end of the second resistor is connected with the reference value unit;
the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the third resistor;
the second end of the third resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier.
Optionally, the reference value unit includes: the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor and the first reference voltage end;
the first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first reference voltage end, and the first reference voltage end provides reference voltage;
the second end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the fifth resistor and the first end of the second resistor;
the second end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
Optionally, the second order filtering unit includes: the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor;
the first end of the sixth resistor is connected with the effective value measuring unit;
the second end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the seventh resistor and the first end of the second capacitor;
the second end of the seventh resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the third capacitor and the first end of the first resistor;
the second end of the second capacitor and the second end of the third capacitor are grounded.
Optionally, the effective value operation unit includes: a single chip microcomputer;
the first end of the singlechip is connected with a second reference voltage end, and the second reference voltage end provides the reference voltage;
the fourth end of the singlechip is connected with the first end of the sixth resistor;
the third end of the singlechip is grounded;
the second end of the singlechip receives the electric signal, calculates the electric signal to obtain an effective value of the electric signal, and outputs the effective value to the second-order filtering unit from the fourth end of the singlechip in the form of the square wave signal.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises: an effective value clipping unit;
the effective value clipping unit includes: eighth resistor, ninth resistor, tenth resistor, fourth capacitor;
the first end of the eighth resistor is respectively connected with the output end of the operational amplifier and the second end of the third resistor;
the second end of the eighth resistor is respectively connected with the second end of the ninth resistor, the first end of the tenth resistor and the first end of the fourth capacitor;
the first end of the ninth resistor is connected with the third reference voltage end, and the third reference voltage end provides the reference voltage;
the second end of the tenth resistor and the second end of the fourth capacitor are grounded;
the regulated analog voltage value is output from the second end of the eighth resistor.
In a second aspect, there is provided a method of active value adjustment of an electrical signal, the method comprising:
acquiring a square wave signal representing the effective value of the electric signal;
converting the square wave signal to obtain an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal;
acquiring a reference voltage;
according to the analog voltage value and the reference voltage, regulating the analog voltage value and outputting the regulated analog voltage value;
the adjusted analog voltage value characterizes a voltage value obtained by adjusting the effective value based on the reference voltage.
Optionally, the step of obtaining a square wave signal representing the effective value of the electrical signal specifically includes:
and calculating the electric signal by using an effective value measurement algorithm of the singlechip to obtain an effective value of the electric signal, and converting the effective value into the square wave signal.
Optionally, converting the square wave signal to obtain an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal, including:
and converting the received square wave signal by using a second-order filtering unit to obtain an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal.
Optionally, adjusting the analog voltage value according to the analog voltage value and the reference voltage, and outputting the adjusted analog voltage value, including:
and performing PI regulation on the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage by using an effective value regulating unit, and outputting the analog voltage value after PI regulation.
Optionally, the calculating the effective value of the electric signal by using an effective value measuring algorithm of a single chip microcomputer to obtain the effective value of the electric signal includes:
performing squaring operation on the electric signal to obtain a squaring result of the electric signal;
performing low-pass filtering on the squaring result to obtain a squaring result after low-pass filtering;
and performing square operation on the low-pass filtered squaring result to obtain an effective value of the electric signal.
Optionally, the effective value adjusting unit includes an operational amplifier, a plurality of resistors and a capacitor, and the operational amplifier, the plurality of resistors and the capacitor form a PI adjusting circuit; and performing PI adjustment on the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage by using an effective value adjustment unit, including:
receiving the analog voltage value and the reference voltage with the operational amplifier;
and performing PI regulation on the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage and the PI regulation circuit by using the virtual short circuit and the virtual break of the operational amplifier.
In a third aspect, there is provided a ventilation therapy device comprising: a heating system;
the heating system includes: a circuit for active value adjustment of an electrical signal as claimed in any one of the first aspects.
According to the circuit for regulating the effective value of the electric signal, the effective value operation unit is used for operating the electric signal, outputting a square wave signal representing the effective value of the electric signal to the second-order filtering unit, converting the square wave signal by the second-order filtering unit, outputting an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal, receiving the analog voltage value by the effective value regulation unit, regulating the reference voltage generated by the reference value unit based on the reference voltage, and outputting a voltage value obtained by regulating the effective value representing the reference voltage, namely, the regulated analog voltage value.
The circuit for adjusting the effective value of the electric signal creatively adopts a pure hardware mode to realize the adjustment of the effective value of the electric signal, and a singlechip is not required to realize the adjustment of the effective value by adopting a software algorithm. Because the pure hardware circuit does not need operation, the condition that the effective value is delayed from the actual demand after adjustment can not occur, and the electric signal can be rapidly adjusted as long as the effective value of the electric signal changes, thereby well ensuring the constancy of the effective value of the electric signal, naturally greatly improving the stability of the heating system and greatly improving the treatment effect of the ventilation treatment equipment. In addition, the singlechip is not required to adopt a software algorithm to realize effective value adjustment, so that the cost of ventilation treatment equipment is indirectly reduced while the dependence on software and the calculation force of the singlechip is reduced, and the method has higher practical value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic, modular illustration of a circuit for active value adjustment of an electrical signal in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a preferred electrical signal effective value adjustment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of regulating the effective value of an electrical signal according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic block diagram of a circuit for regulating the effective value of an electrical signal according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, the circuit comprising: the device comprises an effective value operation unit, a second-order filtering unit, a reference value unit and an effective value adjusting unit; the effective value operation unit receives the electric signal and performs operation on the electric signal to obtain an effective value of the electric signal, and the unit outputs a square wave signal representing the effective value of the electric signal to the second-order filtering unit.
In the embodiment of the invention, after receiving the square wave signal, the second-order filtering unit converts the square wave signal to obtain the analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal, and outputs the analog voltage value to the effective value adjusting unit. The reason why conversion into an analog voltage value is required is that the adjustment of the effective value of the electrical signal according to the embodiment of the present invention is implemented based on pure hardware, and the pure hardware circuit cannot process the digital signal, so that conversion is required to convert the digital signal into an analog signal, i.e., an analog voltage value.
In the embodiment of the invention, the effective value adjusting unit receives the analog voltage value, and also needs to receive the reference voltage generated by the reference value unit, adjusts the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage, and finally outputs the adjusted analog voltage value; the adjusted analog voltage value represents a voltage value obtained by adjusting an effective value of the electric signal based on the reference voltage. The subsequent phase-shift control of the silicon controlled rectifier can realize the on-off control of the silicon controlled rectifier based on the adjusted analog voltage value, so that the stability of the silicon controlled rectifier is greatly improved. Because the pure hardware circuit does not need operation, the condition that the effective value is delayed from the actual demand after adjustment can not occur, and the electric signal can be rapidly adjusted as long as the effective value of the electric signal changes, thereby well ensuring the constancy of the effective value of the electric signal, naturally greatly improving the stability of the heating system and greatly improving the treatment effect of the ventilation treatment equipment. In addition, the singlechip is not required to adopt a software algorithm to realize effective value adjustment, so that the cost of ventilation treatment equipment is indirectly reduced while the dependence on software and the calculation force of the singlechip is reduced. In addition, in the operation process of the effective value operation unit for operating the electric signal to obtain the effective value of the electric signal in the embodiment of the invention, the period of the alternating current does not need to be accurately measured, and specific reasons are described below and are not repeated.
Specifically, a schematic circuit structure diagram of a preferred effective value adjustment of an electrical signal according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2, where fig. 2 includes: the electronic device comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a singlechip U1 and an operational amplifier U2.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a preferred effective value adjusting unit may include: the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the first capacitor C1 and the operational amplifier U2. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the second end of a seventh resistor R7 in the second-order filtering unit; the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the non-inverting end V of the operational amplifier U2 + V - Connecting; the analog voltage value output by the second-order filtering unit is input into the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 after being reduced by the first resistor R1. This is because the voltage values that can be handled by the non-inverting terminal and the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier have upper limits, and if the magnitude of the analog voltage value exceeds the upper limit, the operational amplifier U2 cannot operate normally, so the first resistor R1 is set to reduce the magnitude of the analog voltage value.
The inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 is respectively connected with the second terminal of the second resistor R2 and the first terminal of the first capacitor C1; the first end of the second resistor R1 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4 in the reference value unit. The reference voltage generated by the reference value unit is input into the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U1 after being reduced by the second resistor R2, and the reason for reducing the voltage is the same as that for reducing the voltage of the analog quantity by the first resistor R1.
The second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of the third resistor R3; the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output of the operational amplifier U2. The operational amplifier U2, the second resistor R3, the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1 jointly form a PI regulating circuit, so that the analog voltage value can be PI regulated based on the reference voltage, the PI regulation is realized by a pure hardware circuit, the current regulation of the effective value of alternating current by a singlechip through a software algorithm is avoided, and the problems are avoided.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a preferred reference value unit may include: the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5 and the first reference voltage end; the first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to a first reference voltage terminal, which provides a reference voltage, such as 3.3V in fig. 2. In the embodiment of the invention, the first reference voltage terminal, the second reference voltage terminal and the third reference voltage terminal all provide the reference voltage of 3.3, and of course, different reference voltages can be provided by each reference voltage terminal according to actual requirements.
The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is respectively connected with the first end of the fifth resistor R5 and the first end of the second resistor R2; the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded GND. In practical application, the resistance values of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 can be selected according to the required reference voltage, so as to obtain the required reference voltage, and the reference voltage is input into the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 after being reduced by the second resistor R2.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a preferred second order filtering unit may include: a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a second capacitor C2 and a third capacitor C3; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the fourth end (OUT of U1 in FIG. 2) of the singlechip U1 in the effective value measuring unit; the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is respectively connected with the first end of the seventh resistor R7 and the first end of the second capacitor C2; the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is respectively connected with the first end of the third capacitor C3 and the first end of the first resistor R1; the second end of the second capacitor C2 and the second end of the third capacitor C3 are both grounded GND. The square wave signal output from the second end of the singlechip U1 is converted into an analog voltage value through a second-order filtering unit, and then is input to the in-phase end of the operational amplifier U2 after being reduced by the first resistor R1.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a preferred effective value operation unit may include: a singlechip U1; the first end (VDD of U1 in FIG. 1) of the singlechip U1 is connected with a second reference voltage end, and the second reference voltage end provides reference voltage of 3.3V; the fourth end (OUT of U1 in figure 1) of the singlechip U1 is connected with the first end of the sixth resistor R6; the third end (GND of U1 in FIG. 2) of the singlechip U1 is grounded GND; the second end (VP of U1 in fig. 2) of the single-chip microcomputer U1 receives the electrical signal VIN, and after the single-chip microcomputer U1 receives the electrical signal VIN, the operation is performed on the electrical signal VIN to obtain an effective value of the electrical signal, which is specifically calculated, and will not be described in detail later. And then the effective value of the singlechip U1 is output to the second-order filtering unit from the fourth end of the singlechip U1 in the form of square wave signals.
In the embodiment of the invention, because of the characteristic of PI regulation, the PI regulation result (i.e. the regulated analog voltage value) output by the operational amplifier U2 may exceed a reasonable range value, so that the regulated analog voltage value needs to be limited, and the limited analog voltage value is the final effective value of the electric signal for phase-shifting control of the silicon controlled rectifier. Therefore, the circuit for adjusting the effective value of the electric signal according to the embodiment of the invention further comprises: an effective value clipping unit; the effective value clipping unit may include: an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, and a fourth capacitor C4; the first end of the eighth resistor R8 is respectively connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2 and the second end of the third resistor R3; the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is respectively connected with the second end of the ninth resistor R9, the first end of the tenth resistor R10 and the first end of the fourth capacitor C4; the first end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with a third reference voltage end, and the third reference voltage end provides a reference voltage of 3.3V; the second end of the tenth resistor R10 and the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 are grounded GND; the analog voltage value regulated by the operational amplifier U2PI is output from the second end of the eighth resistor R8, and the output is the analog voltage value regulated by the amplitude limitation, namely, the effective value V-CTRL of the electric signal for phase-shifting control of the silicon controlled rectifier.
The circuit shown in fig. 2 operates on the following principle: after the single chip microcomputer U1 obtains the electric signal VIN, the electric signal VIN is operated to obtain an effective value of the electric signal VIN, the effective value is output to a second-order filtering unit in the form of a square wave signal, and the square wave signal is converted into an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal through the second-order filtering unit consisting of a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a second capacitor C2 and a third capacitor C3.
The analog voltage value is input into the same-phase end of the operational amplifier U2 after being reduced by the first resistor R1, meanwhile, the reference value unit generates reference voltage based on the voltage division of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and the reference voltage is input into the inverting end of the operational amplifier U2 after being reduced by the second resistor R2.
The operational amplifier U2, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C3 form a PI regulating circuit, so that the analog voltage value can realize PI regulation based on the reference voltage, and after the PI regulated analog voltage value is limited by an effective value limiting unit formed by the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, the tenth resistor R10 and the fourth capacitor C4, the PI regulation result is in a reasonable range value, and the obtained limited analog voltage value is the final electric signal effective value for phase-shifting control of the controllable silicon.
The subsequent phase-shift control of the silicon controlled rectifier can realize the on-off control of the silicon controlled rectifier based on the analog voltage value after the amplitude limiting adjustment, so that the stability of the silicon controlled rectifier is greatly improved. Because the pure hardware circuit does not need operation, the condition that the effective value is delayed from the actual demand after adjustment can not occur, and the electric signal can be rapidly adjusted as long as the effective value of the electric signal changes, thereby well ensuring the constancy of the effective value of the electric signal, naturally greatly improving the stability of the heating system and greatly improving the treatment effect of the ventilation treatment equipment. In addition, the singlechip is not required to adopt a software algorithm to realize effective value adjustment, so that the cost of ventilation treatment equipment is indirectly reduced while the dependence on software and the calculation force of the singlechip is reduced.
In the embodiment of the invention, as long as the single chip microcomputer U1 can operate on the effective value of the arbitrary waveform electric signal, the subsequent pure hardware regulating circuit can perform PI regulation on the arbitrary waveform electric signal, in order to realize that the single chip microcomputer U1 can operate not only on the effective value of the sine wave alternating current electric signal, but on the effective value of the arbitrary waveform electric signal, the inventor creatively provides another different operation method for operating the effective value of the electric signal on the basis of the currently known operation method for the effective value of the electric signal, the operation method can operate on the effective value of the arbitrary waveform electric signal, and the operation method can be based on the following theoretical basis:
after receiving the arbitrary waveform electric signal x (t), the singlechip U1 performs a squaring operation on the electric signal x (t), and performs fourier decomposition based on the electric signal after the squaring operation on the basis of a mathematical theory, so that an expression of a squaring result P of the electric signal can be obtained as shown in the following expression (1):
wherein a is k For the Fourier series, let a k ＝a n Then there is the following formula (2):
intermediate transformation of formula (2) yields the following formula (3):
after the singlechip U1 performs squaring operation on the electric signal x (t), low-pass filtering is also required to be performed on the squaring result P, and the squaring result after the low-pass filtering is obtained; the design cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter can be set much lower than the general power frequency of 50hZ or 60hZ, then any items containing various subharmonics are all filtered by the low-pass filter, and then the low-pass filtered squaring result P is obtained based on the mathematical theory 1 The following formula (4):
and finally, the singlechip U1 carries out low-pass filtering on a squaring result P 1 And (3) performing evolution operation to obtain an effective value A of the electric signal x (t), wherein the effective value A is shown in the following formula (5) based on a mathematical theory:
from equation (5), it can be known that equation (5) is the same as the equation of the presently known effective value algorithm of the arbitrary waveform, so that the effective value algorithm of the electrical signal provided by the embodiment of the invention can obtain the true effective value of the arbitrary waveform. Moreover, as can be known from the five expressions, the effective value algorithm of the electric signal provided by the invention does not use the periodic parameter of the electric signal in the operation process, so that the singlechip U1 does not need to accurately measure the period of the electric signal (namely, does not need to accurately measure the period of alternating current) and only needs to carry out the operation on the electric signal with any waveform: the effective value of the arbitrary waveform electric signal can be calculated by squaring, filtering and squaring. Because the singlechip U1 can operate on the effective value of the arbitrary waveform electric signal, the subsequent pure hardware regulating circuit can perform PI regulation on the arbitrary waveform electric signal.
In the specific PI regulation process, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5 and a reference voltage V in the reference value unit ref (3.3V is used in FIG. 2 to represent V) ref ) According to the circuit structure, the equivalent voltage can be equivalent to the reference voltage of 3.3V, and an equivalent resistor RA is connected in series, wherein the equivalent resistor RA is an equivalent resistor formed by connecting a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5 in parallel. After the equivalent resistor RA is connected in series with the second resistor R2, the output V of the operational amplifier U2 can be obtained based on the theory of the virtual short and virtual break of the operational amplifier U2 by accessing the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U2 0 The expression of (2) is as follows:
the two sides of the formula (6) are subjected to Laplacian transformation to obtain PI regulation items as follows:
KI is c1 x (r2+ra); KP is R3/(R2+RA); v (V) ref -V - Is an error term, wherein V - Representing the inverting input voltage of op amp U2. Through each item of PI regulation, can know, through the different changes to second resistance R2, third resistance R3, fourth resistance R4, fifth resistance R5 and first electric capacity C1, can realize PI regulation, namely realized the pure hardware PI regulation of analog quantity voltage value (i.e. electrical signal effective value), the singlechip no longer need adopt software algorithm to realize the regulation of electrical signal effective value, when reducing to software and singlechip calculation power dependence, still indirectly reduced ventilation therapy equipment's cost.
In the embodiment of the present invention, based on the technical scheme concept, a method for adjusting an effective value of an electrical signal is also provided, and fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a method for adjusting an effective value of an electrical signal in the embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:
step 301: acquiring a square wave signal representing the effective value of the electric signal;
step 302: converting the square wave signal to obtain an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal;
step 303: a reference voltage is obtained.
In the embodiment of the invention, the reference voltage, the square wave signal representing the effective value of the electric signal and the square wave signal are obtained by the method, and the analog voltage value of the corresponding square wave signal is obtained by converting the square wave signal. Of course, it is understood that the signal can be obtained and converted by other means, and the size of the square wave signal can accurately reflect the effective value of the arbitrary waveform electric signal.
Step 304: and adjusting the analog quantity voltage value according to the analog quantity voltage value and the reference voltage, and outputting an adjusted analog quantity voltage value, wherein the adjusted analog quantity voltage value represents a voltage value obtained by adjusting the effective value based on the reference voltage.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the analog quantity voltage value and the reference voltage corresponding to the square wave signal are obtained, PI regulation is carried out on the analog quantity voltage value according to the analog quantity voltage value and the reference voltage, the PI regulated analog quantity voltage value is output, and the PI regulated analog quantity voltage value is limited by an effective value limiting unit to obtain the final effective value of the electric signal for phase-shifting control of the controllable silicon.
Optionally, the step of obtaining a square wave signal representing the effective value of the electrical signal specifically includes:
and calculating the electric signal by using an effective value measurement algorithm of the singlechip to obtain an effective value of the electric signal, and converting the effective value into the square wave signal.
Optionally, converting the square wave signal to obtain an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal, including:
and converting the received square wave signal by using a second-order filtering unit to obtain an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal.
Optionally, adjusting the analog voltage value according to the analog voltage value and the reference voltage, and outputting the adjusted analog voltage value, including:
and performing PI regulation on the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage by using an effective value regulating unit, and outputting the analog voltage value after PI regulation.
Optionally, the calculating the effective value of the electric signal by using an effective value measuring algorithm of a single chip microcomputer to obtain the effective value of the electric signal includes:
performing squaring operation on the electric signal to obtain a squaring result of the electric signal;
performing low-pass filtering on the squaring result to obtain a squaring result after low-pass filtering;
and performing square operation on the low-pass filtered squaring result to obtain an effective value of the electric signal.
Optionally, the effective value adjusting unit includes an operational amplifier, a plurality of resistors and a capacitor, and the operational amplifier, the plurality of resistors and the capacitor form a PI adjusting circuit; and performing PI adjustment on the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage by using an effective value adjustment unit, including:
receiving the analog voltage value and the reference voltage with the operational amplifier;
and performing PI regulation on the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage and the PI regulation circuit by using the virtual short circuit and the virtual break of the operational amplifier. Each item of specific PI adjustment is as described above, and by varying the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, and the first capacitor C1, PI adjustment can be achieved, that is, pure hardware PI adjustment for analog voltage values (i.e., effective values of electrical signals) is achieved.
By the method, the circuit for adjusting the effective value of the electric signal can operate aiming at the effective value of the electric signal with any waveform, the subsequent pure hardware adjusting circuit can conduct PI adjustment on the electric signal with any waveform, the electric signal is output after being limited by the effective value limiting unit, and the subsequent silicon controlled rectifier phase-shifting control can realize on-off control of the silicon controlled rectifier based on the analog voltage value after limiting adjustment, so that the stability of the silicon controlled rectifier is greatly improved. Because the pure hardware circuit does not need operation, the condition that the effective value is delayed from the actual demand after adjustment can not occur, and the electric signal can be rapidly adjusted as long as the effective value of the electric signal changes, thereby well ensuring the constancy of the effective value of the electric signal, naturally greatly improving the stability of the heating system and greatly improving the treatment effect of the ventilation treatment equipment. In addition, the singlechip is not required to adopt a software algorithm to realize effective value adjustment, and in the operation process of calculating the electric signal by the effective value operation unit to obtain the effective value of the electric signal, the period of the alternating current is not required to be accurately measured, so that the requirements on the operation and processing capacity of the singlechip are further reduced, the dependence on the software and the calculation force of the singlechip is further reduced, and meanwhile, the cost of ventilation treatment equipment is also indirectly reduced.
Based on the circuit and the method for adjusting the effective value of the electric signal, the embodiment of the invention also provides a heating system, which comprises: a thyristor and a circuit for regulating the effective value of an electric signal as described above.
Based on the circuit and the method for adjusting the effective value of the electric signal, the embodiment of the invention also provides ventilation treatment equipment, which comprises: a heating system; the heating system includes: a circuit for active value adjustment of an electrical signal as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A circuit for regulating the effective value of an electrical signal, said circuit comprising: the device comprises an effective value operation unit, a second-order filtering unit, a reference value unit and an effective value adjusting unit;
the effective value operation unit is used for operating the electric signal and outputting a square wave signal to the second-order filtering unit, wherein the square wave signal represents the effective value of the electric signal, and the effective value operation unit is used for operating the electric signal and comprises the operations of squaring, filtering and squaring the electric signal;
the second-order filtering unit converts the square wave signal and outputs an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal, and the second-order filtering unit comprises: the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor;
the effective value adjusting unit receives the analog voltage value and the reference voltage generated by the reference value unit, outputs the adjusted analog voltage value, and comprises: the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor, the first capacitor and the operational amplifier; the reference value unit includes: the analog voltage value is reduced by the first resistor and then is input into the same-phase end of the operational amplifier, and the reference voltage is reduced by the second resistor and then is input into the opposite-phase end of the operational amplifier;
the adjusted analog voltage value characterizes a voltage value obtained by adjusting the effective value based on the reference voltage.
2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors,
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the second-order filtering unit;
the second end of the first resistor is connected with the same-phase end of the operational amplifier;
the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier is respectively connected with the second terminal of the second resistor and the first terminal of the first capacitor;
the first end of the second resistor is connected with the reference value unit;
the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the third resistor;
the second end of the third resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier.
3. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the circuit further comprises a logic circuit,
the first end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first reference voltage end, and the first reference voltage end provides reference voltage;
the second end of the fourth resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the fifth resistor and the first end of the second resistor;
the second end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
4. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the circuit further comprises a logic circuit,
the first end of the sixth resistor is connected with the effective value operation unit;
the second end of the sixth resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the seventh resistor and the first end of the second capacitor;
the second end of the seventh resistor is respectively connected with the first end of the third capacitor and the first end of the first resistor;
the second end of the second capacitor and the second end of the third capacitor are grounded.
5. The circuit according to claim 4, wherein the effective value operation unit includes: a single chip microcomputer;
the first end of the singlechip is connected with a second reference voltage end, and the second reference voltage end provides the reference voltage;
the fourth end of the singlechip is connected with the first end of the sixth resistor;
the third end of the singlechip is grounded;
the second end of the singlechip receives the electric signal, calculates the electric signal to obtain an effective value of the electric signal, and outputs the effective value to the second-order filtering unit from the fourth end of the singlechip in the form of the square wave signal.
6. The circuit of claim 3, wherein the circuit further comprises: an effective value clipping unit;
the effective value clipping unit includes: eighth resistor, ninth resistor, tenth resistor, fourth capacitor;
the first end of the eighth resistor is respectively connected with the output end of the operational amplifier and the second end of the third resistor;
the second end of the eighth resistor is respectively connected with the second end of the ninth resistor, the first end of the tenth resistor and the first end of the fourth capacitor;
the first end of the ninth resistor is connected with a third reference voltage end, and the third reference voltage end provides the reference voltage;
the second end of the tenth resistor and the second end of the fourth capacitor are grounded;
the regulated analog voltage value is output from the second end of the eighth resistor.
7. A method of effective value adjustment of an electrical signal, the method comprising:
acquiring a square wave signal representing an effective value of an electric signal, wherein the square wave signal is obtained by performing squaring, filtering and squaring operation on the electric signal by an effective value operation unit;
converting the square wave signal to obtain an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal, wherein the conversion of the square wave signal is performed by a second-order filtering unit, and the second-order filtering unit comprises: the sixth resistor, the seventh resistor, the second capacitor and the third capacitor;
acquiring a reference voltage, the reference voltage being generated by a reference value unit comprising: the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor and the first reference voltage end;
according to the analog voltage value and the reference voltage, the analog voltage value is regulated, and the regulated analog voltage value is output, the analog voltage value and the reference voltage are received by an effective value regulating unit, and the regulated analog voltage value is output by the effective value regulating unit, and the effective value regulating unit comprises: the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor, the first capacitor and the operational amplifier; the analog voltage value is input to the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier after being reduced by the first resistor, and the reference voltage is input to the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier after being reduced by the second resistor;
the adjusted analog voltage value characterizes a voltage value obtained by adjusting the effective value based on the reference voltage.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the step of obtaining a square wave signal representative of the effective value of the electrical signal comprises:
and calculating the electric signal by using an effective value measurement algorithm of the singlechip to obtain an effective value of the electric signal, and converting the effective value into the square wave signal.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein converting the square wave signal to obtain an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal comprises:
and converting the received square wave signal by using a second-order filtering unit to obtain an analog voltage value corresponding to the square wave signal.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein adjusting the analog voltage value based on the analog voltage value and the reference voltage and outputting the adjusted analog voltage value comprises:
and performing PI regulation on the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage by using an effective value regulating unit, and outputting the analog voltage value after PI regulation.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the calculating the effective value of the electrical signal by using an effective value measurement algorithm of a single chip microcomputer includes:
performing squaring operation on the electric signal to obtain a squaring result of the electric signal;
performing low-pass filtering on the squaring result to obtain a squaring result after low-pass filtering;
and performing square operation on the low-pass filtered squaring result to obtain an effective value of the electric signal.
12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the effective value adjusting unit constitutes a PI adjusting circuit; and performing PI adjustment on the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage by using an effective value adjustment unit, including:
receiving the analog voltage value and the reference voltage with the operational amplifier;
and performing PI regulation on the analog voltage value based on the reference voltage and the PI regulation circuit by using the virtual short circuit and the virtual break of the operational amplifier.
13. A ventilation therapy apparatus, the ventilation therapy apparatus comprising: a heating system;
the heating system includes: a circuit for active value adjustment of an electrical signal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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