CN113108729A - System and method for measuring pipeline perimeter based on ultrasonic waves - Google Patents
System and method for measuring pipeline perimeter based on ultrasonic waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN113108729A CN113108729A CN202110595422.8A CN202110595422A CN113108729A CN 113108729 A CN113108729 A CN 113108729A CN 202110595422 A CN202110595422 A CN 202110595422A CN 113108729 A CN113108729 A CN 113108729A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for measuring the circumference of a pipeline based on ultrasonic waves, which comprises a measuring test block, an ultrasonic transmitting transducer, an ultrasonic receiving transducer, a measuring instrument and a positioning block, wherein the measuring test block is used for measuring the circumference of the pipeline; the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are connected with a measuring instrument; in the testing stage, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are both positioned on the measuring test block and are in contact with each other; during measurement, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer is located on one side of the positioning block, the ultrasonic receiving transducer is located on the other side of the positioning block, and the end of the positioning block is attached to a pipeline to be measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ultrasonic measurement, and relates to a system and a method for measuring the circumference of a pipeline based on ultrasonic waves.
Background
High-temperature pressure-bearing pipelines are widely applied as energy or energy transmission channels in the power and petrochemical industry, and the safety state of the pipelines is particularly important in industrial production activities because the pipelines bear high-temperature and high-pressure media. The actual perimeter of the pipeline can directly reflect the creep condition of the pipe wall material of the pipeline, so that the residual service life and the safety of the pipeline are reflected, and therefore the actual perimeter of the high-temperature pressure-bearing pipeline which is accurately measured has wide application scenes and actual significance.
Among the creep measurement methods for pipes, micrometer method and steel band method are commonly used at present. The micrometer method is a method for measuring the diameter of a monitoring section with creep measuring points by using a micrometer, wherein the creep measuring points are welded and fixed at two ends of the diameter on the outer surface of a pipeline and are used for realizing measurement at the same position of a certain monitoring section. The steel band ruler method is a method for reading the perimeter by using a steel band ruler with scales, which is made of alloy with the expansion coefficient close to zero at room temperature, to be tightly attached to the outer surface of a pipeline for one circle, and the method needs to make two circles of marks which are parallel to each other on the outer wall of the pipeline to realize the measurement on the same position of a certain monitoring section.
First, the measurement accuracy of the two methods is difficult to meet the requirement of creep monitoring. The creep of the pipeline enters a long uniform creep stage after passing a rapid creep stage, the deformation amount is small in the stage, most creep monitoring is performed in the uniform creep stage, the actual measurement conditions of the equipment field generally cannot meet the requirement of accurate measurement, and even the situations of perimeter or pipe diameter reduction, abnormal creep deviation of individual sections in the same service environment and the like occur. In addition, in order to improve the transmission efficiency of the medium and ensure the safety, the pipeline is usually covered by an insulating layer or buried, the buried pipeline needs to be exposed for at least half a circle by a micrometer method, the whole circle of the exposed pipeline needs to be processed by a steel belt ruler method, and the operation process is complex. Taking the power industry as an example, the DL/T438 "metal technology supervision of thermal power plants" cancels the mandatory requirement for creep monitoring in 2016, and recommends using an online monitoring device to perform creep monitoring on the parts with high risk, such as the stress dangerous sections of the main steam pipeline and the high-temperature reheat steam pipeline, and the sections with thin pipe wall, large stress or long operation time. This means that creep monitoring work for high temperature pressure-bearing pipelines is necessary, and the removal of mandatory requirements is limited by the difficulty in meeting the precision of the existing measurement methods.
In summary, in order to solve the problems of the existing measurement method, such as measurement accuracy and complicated operation, it is necessary to develop a new measurement method. The ultrasonic wave has the characteristics of wide application range, long propagation distance, high sensitivity, low detection cost, high speed, convenience in field use and the like, and is widely applied to safety evaluation work of equipment. When the ultrasonic surface wave touches an edge with the curvature radius R larger than 5 times of wavelength in the process of surface propagation of the workpiece, the ultrasonic surface wave can pass through the edge without being blocked theoretically and can continue to move forwards without forming reflection. Therefore, the ultrasonic surface wave detection is less limited by the shape and position of the workpiece, and can propagate along the circumferential direction of the surface of the pipeline for the whole circumferential distance.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a system and method for measuring the circumference of a pipe based on ultrasonic waves, which can measure the circumference of the pipe quickly and accurately.
In order to achieve the purpose, the system for measuring the circumference of the pipeline based on the ultrasonic waves comprises a measuring test block, an ultrasonic wave transmitting transducer, an ultrasonic wave receiving transducer, a measuring instrument and a positioning block;
the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are connected with a measuring instrument;
in the testing stage, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are both positioned on the measuring test block and are in contact with each other;
during measurement, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer is located on one side of the positioning block, the ultrasonic receiving transducer is located on the other side of the positioning block, and the end portion of the positioning block is attached to a pipeline to be measured.
And protective layers are arranged among the measuring test block, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer.
The ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer respectively comprise a wedge block, a shell, a wafer and an absorption block, wherein the absorption block and the wafer are both positioned in the shell, the wafer is attached to the absorption block, the wafer is attached to the wedge block, the wafer is connected with a measuring instrument, in the testing stage, the wedge block is in contact with a measuring test block, and in the measuring process, the wedge block is in contact with the side face of a positioning block.
The measuring instrument is connected with the wafer through a cable.
In the testing stage, the straight-line distance between the transmitting point of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the receiving point of the ultrasonic receiving transducer is smaller than the straight-line distance between the center of the wafer in the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the center of the wafer in the ultrasonic receiving transducer.
The frequency of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer is the same as that of the ultrasonic receiving transducer, and the frequency range is 0.5-5 MHz.
The positioning block and the pipeline to be detected are made of the same material.
A method for measuring the circumference of a pipeline based on ultrasonic waves comprises the following steps:
testing phase
The ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer are both positioned on a measuring test block, and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transmitted by the ultrasonic transmitting transducer passes through t1The ultrasonic longitudinal wave reaching the incidence point of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave on the measuring test block is converted into an ultrasonic surface wave, then the ultrasonic surface wave propagates on the surface of the measuring test block and passes through t2+t3Then transmitted to the receiving point of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave on the measuring test block and then passes through the time t4Then received by a wafer in an ultrasonic receiving transducer, and the echo time T is recorded by a measuring instrument1Wherein, T1＝t1+t2+t3+t4；
Measuring phase
The ultrasonic transmitting transducer is located on one side of the positioning block, the ultrasonic receiving transducer is located on the other side of the positioning block, the end of the positioning block is attached to a pipeline to be measured, ultrasonic waves generated by a wafer in the ultrasonic transmitting transducer are transmitted to the surface of the pipeline to be measured along one side face of the positioning block, then the ultrasonic waves are transmitted for a circle along the surface of the pipeline to be measured and then reach the wafer in the ultrasonic receiving transducer along the other side face of the positioning block, and echo time T in a measuring stage is recorded by a measuring instrument2Calculating the whole circumference of the ultrasonic wave on the outer surface of the pipeline to be measuredTime of propagation tWeek (week)＝T2-T1Obtaining the perimeter C ═ v · t of the pipeline to be measuredWeek (week)。
On the positioning block, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer and the ultrasonic receiving transducer cover the area except the covered area, and the distance of ultrasonic transmission is equal to the length of the covered area of the positioning block on the pipeline to be measured.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the system and the method for measuring the circumference of the pipeline based on the ultrasonic waves realize the measurement of the circumference of the pipeline by utilizing the principle of ultrasonic measurement during specific operation, specifically, the echo time of the ultrasonic waves in the system is measured in a test stage, the echo time in the test stage is subtracted from the echo time in the measurement stage during measurement, and then the echo time is multiplied by the sound velocity to calculate the circumference of the pipeline.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of ultrasonic transit time during a testing phase;
fig. 4 is a diagram of an ultrasonic propagation path in a measurement phase.
Wherein, 1 is a wafer, 2 is an absorption block, 3 is a cable, 4 is a protective layer, 5 is an ultrasonic transmitting transducer, 6 is an ultrasonic receiving transducer, 7 is a measuring instrument, 8 is a positioning block, and 9 is a measuring test block.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the system for measuring the circumference of a pipe based on ultrasonic waves according to the present invention includes a measuring test block 9, an ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5, an ultrasonic receiving transducer 6, a measuring instrument 7 and a positioning block 8; the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 and the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 are connected with a measuring instrument 7;
in the testing stage, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 and the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 are both positioned on the measuring test block 9, and the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 and the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 are in contact with each other, wherein a protective layer 4 is arranged between the measuring test block 9 and the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 and the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6, and the measuring instrument 7 is connected with the wafer 1 through the cable 3.
During measurement, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 is located on one side of the positioning block 8, the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 is located on the other side of the positioning block 8, the end portion of the positioning block 8 is attached to a pipeline to be measured, and the positioning block 8 and the pipeline to be measured are made of the same material.
The ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 and the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 both comprise a wedge block, a shell, a wafer 1 and an absorption block 2, wherein the absorption block 2 and the wafer 1 are both positioned in the shell, the wafer 1 is attached to the absorption block 2, the wafer 1 is attached to the wedge block, the wafer 1 is connected with a measuring instrument 7, the wedge block is in contact with a measuring test block 9 in a testing stage, and the wedge block is in contact with the side face of a positioning block 8 in the measuring process.
In the testing stage, the linear distance between the transmitting point of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 and the receiving point of the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 is smaller than the linear distance between the center of the wafer 1 in the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 and the center of the wafer 1 in the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6, the frequencies of the acoustic transmitting transducer 5 and the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 are the same, and the frequency range is 0.5-5 MHz.
The method for measuring the circumference of the pipeline based on the ultrasonic wave comprises the following steps:
testing phase
Referring to fig. 3, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 and the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 are both located on the measuring block 9, and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transmitted by the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 passes through t1The ultrasonic longitudinal wave arriving at the incidence point of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave on the measuring test block 9 is converted into an ultrasonic surface wave, then propagates on the surface of the measuring test block 9 and passes through t2+t3Then transmitted to the receiving point of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave on the measuring test block 9 and then passes through the time t4Then received by the wafer 1 in the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6, and the echo is recorded by the measuring instrument 7Time T1Wherein, T1＝t1+t2+t3+t4；
Measuring phase
Referring to fig. 4, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 is located at one side of the positioning block 8, the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 is located at the other side of the positioning block 8, the end of the positioning block 8 is attached to the pipe to be measured, the ultrasonic wave generated by the wafer 1 in the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 propagates along one side of the positioning block 8 to reach the surface of the pipe to be measured, then propagates along the surface of the pipe to be measured for a circle and reaches the wafer 1 in the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 along the other side of the positioning block 8, and the echo time T of the measurement phase is recorded by the measuring instrument 72Calculating the time t of the ultrasonic wave propagating on the whole circumference of the outer surface of the pipeline to be measuredWeek (week)＝T2-T1Obtaining the perimeter C ═ v · t of the pipeline to be measuredWeek (week)。
On the positioning block 8, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer 5 and the ultrasonic receiving transducer 6 cover the area except the part, and the distance of ultrasonic propagation is equal to the length of the area covered by the positioning block 8 on the pipeline to be measured.
The positioning block 8 comprises a flat part covered by an ultrasonic transducer and a transition part connected with the pipeline to be tested, and the joints of the transition part, the flat part and the pipeline are in smooth transition;
the material state of the positioning block 8 is the same as that of the pipeline to be detected, and the connection mode of the positioning block and the pipeline to be detected is welding;
the T is1And T2The detection mode used in the measurement process is the same; the T is1And T2The ultrasonic wave propagation time corresponding to the position of the wave crest is obtained.
In actual operation, only one time of T measurement is needed1And (4) finishing.
It should be noted that the method can directly measure the time for the ultrasonic wave to propagate the whole circumference on the outer surface of the pipeline under the condition of only exposing the positioning block, and then calculate the circumference of the pipeline by utilizing the sound velocity, and has the advantages of simple operation, strong practicability and capability of finding the circumference change value of one thousandth of the pipeline.
Claims (9)
1. A system and a method for measuring the circumference of a pipeline based on ultrasonic waves are characterized by comprising an ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5), an ultrasonic receiving transducer (6), a measuring test block (9), a measuring instrument (7) and a positioning block (8);
the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) are connected with a measuring instrument (7);
in the testing stage, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) are both positioned on the measuring test block (9), and the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) are in contact;
during measurement, the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) is located on one side of the positioning block (8), the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) is located on the other side of the positioning block (8), and the end portion of the positioning block (8) is attached to a pipeline to be measured.
2. The system and the method for measuring the circumference of a pipeline based on ultrasonic waves are characterized in that a protective layer (4) is arranged between a measuring test block (9) and an ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and an ultrasonic receiving transducer (6).
3. The system and the method for measuring the circumference of a pipeline based on ultrasonic waves are characterized in that the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) respectively comprise a wedge block, a shell, a wafer (1) and an absorption block (2), wherein the absorption block (2) and the wafer (1) are both positioned in the shell, the wafer (1) is attached to the absorption block (2), the wafer (1) is attached to the wedge block, the wafer (1) is connected with a measuring instrument (7), the wedge block is in contact with a measuring test block (9) in the testing stage, and the wedge block is in contact with the side face of a positioning block (8) in the measuring stage.
4. The system and method for measuring the circumference of a pipe based on ultrasound according to claim 1, wherein the measuring instrument (7) is connected to the wafer (1) via a cable (3).
5. The system and the method for measuring the circumference of a pipeline based on ultrasonic waves are characterized in that in the testing stage, the straight-line distance between the transmitting point of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and the receiving point of the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) is smaller than the straight-line distance between the center of the wafer (1) in the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and the center of the wafer (1) in the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6).
6. The system and the method for measuring the circumference of a pipe based on ultrasonic waves are characterized in that the frequency of the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and the frequency of the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) are the same, and the frequency range is 0.5-5 MHz.
7. The system and the method for measuring the circumference of the pipeline based on the ultrasonic waves are characterized in that the positioning block (8) is made of the same material as the pipeline to be measured.
8. A method for measuring the circumference of a pipeline based on ultrasonic waves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
testing phase
An ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and an ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) are both positioned on a measuring test block (9), and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave transmitted by the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) passes through t1The ultrasonic longitudinal wave arriving at the incidence point of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave on the measuring test block (9) is converted into an ultrasonic surface wave, then the ultrasonic surface wave propagates on the surface of the measuring test block (9) and passes through t2+t3Then propagates to the receiving point of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave on the measuring test block (9) and then passes through the time t4Then received by a wafer (1) in an ultrasonic receiving transducer (6), and the echo time T is recorded by a measuring instrument (7)1Wherein, T1＝t1+t2+t3+t4；
Measuring phase
The ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) is located on one side of the positioning block (8), the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) is located on the other side of the positioning block (8), the end of the positioning block (8) is attached to a pipeline to be measured, ultrasonic waves generated by the wafer (1) in the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) are transmitted to the surface of the pipeline to be measured along one side face of the positioning block (8), and then are transmitted for a circle along the surface of the pipeline to be measured and then are transmitted to the surface of the pipeline to be measured along the positioning positionThe other side of the block (8) reaches the wafer (1) in the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6), and the echo time T of the measurement phase is recorded by the measuring instrument (7)2Calculating the time t of the ultrasonic wave propagating on the whole circumference of the outer surface of the pipeline to be measuredWeek (week)＝T2-T1Obtaining the perimeter C ═ v · t of the pipeline to be measuredWeek (week)。
9. The method for measuring the circumference of a pipe based on ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 8, wherein, on the positioning block (8), the ultrasonic transmitting transducer (5) and the ultrasonic receiving transducer (6) cover the area except the covered area, and the distance traveled by the ultrasonic waves is equal to the length of the area covered by the positioning block (8) on the pipe to be measured.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110595422.8A CN113108729A (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | System and method for measuring pipeline perimeter based on ultrasonic waves |
| PCT/CN2021/115557 WO2022247036A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | System and method for measuring circumference of pipeline on the basis of ultrasonic waves |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110595422.8A CN113108729A (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | System and method for measuring pipeline perimeter based on ultrasonic waves |
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| CN113108729A true CN113108729A (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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| CN202110595422.8A Pending CN113108729A (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | System and method for measuring pipeline perimeter based on ultrasonic waves |
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| WO (1) | WO2022247036A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022247036A1 (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System and method for measuring circumference of pipeline on the basis of ultrasonic waves |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH041515A (en) * | 1990-04-19 | 1992-01-07 | Nkk Corp | Peripheral length measuring instrument |
| JP2012185078A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-27 | Shin Nippon Hihakai Kensa Kk | Ultrasonic probe and method for measuring circumferential length of tubular object |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07218242A (en) * | 1991-12-11 | 1995-08-18 | Nkk Corp | Peripheral length measuring apparatus |
| JP4425690B2 (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2010-03-03 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method and apparatus for measuring outer peripheral length of spiral steel pipe, method for manufacturing spiral steel pipe and equipment therefor |
| CN110470254B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2024-08-06 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Pipeline creep measurement system and method |
| CN110455230A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-15 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature pipe perimeter on-line monitoring system and method |
| CN110487227A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-22 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of on-line monitoring system and method using ultrasound examination pipeline circumferential strain |
| CN113108729A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-13 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System and method for measuring pipeline perimeter based on ultrasonic waves |
-
2021
- 2021-05-28 CN CN202110595422.8A patent/CN113108729A/en active Pending
- 2021-08-31 WO PCT/CN2021/115557 patent/WO2022247036A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH041515A (en) * | 1990-04-19 | 1992-01-07 | Nkk Corp | Peripheral length measuring instrument |
| JP2012185078A (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-27 | Shin Nippon Hihakai Kensa Kk | Ultrasonic probe and method for measuring circumferential length of tubular object |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022247036A1 (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System and method for measuring circumference of pipeline on the basis of ultrasonic waves |
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