CN113108712A - Visual measurement system for measuring surface deformation strain of large-scale structural member - Google Patents
Visual measurement system for measuring surface deformation strain of large-scale structural member Download PDFInfo
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- CN113108712A CN113108712A CN202110440260.0A CN202110440260A CN113108712A CN 113108712 A CN113108712 A CN 113108712A CN 202110440260 A CN202110440260 A CN 202110440260A CN 113108712 A CN113108712 A CN 113108712A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/161—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by interferometric means
- G01B11/162—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by interferometric means by speckle- or shearing interferometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
Abstract
The invention provides a vision measurement system, which comprises a large-scale structural part, a vision detection pattern for deformation measurement, a speckle interference sensing module, a plurality of groups of binocular vision sensors and a data processing module, wherein the vision detection pattern is used for deformation measurement; wherein a visual detection pattern for deformation measurement is arranged on the large structural member; the multiple groups of binocular vision sensors are used for measuring the three-dimensional space positions of the feature points in the vision detection patterns; the speckle interference sensing module is used for collecting digital speckle interference images of the key measurement area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of computer vision detection, in particular to a vision measurement system for measuring the surface deformation strain of a large structural member.
Background
The aeroengine is the heart of various military and civil aircrafts, and the operating state parameters of the aeroengine directly influence the working performance and the operating safety of the whole aircraft. The casing is used as a main bearing part of the aircraft engine and plays important roles in fixing stator blades and accessories, forming an airflow channel and transmitting engine thrust. The casing belongs to a large thin-wall part and bears the combined action of high temperature, high pressure and high mechanical load during operation, and the loads can cause the casing to deform in the radial direction, the axial direction and the circumferential direction. Simulation data show that under certain pneumatic load and temperature load conditions, the stress amplitude of the mounting edge positions of the outer casing and the support ring reaches 193.9MPa, and the radial deformation reaches 2.16 mm. The stress and deformation of the casing have important influences on the blade tip clearance, the critical rotating speed of the engine rotor, the integral natural frequency and the vibration mode of the engine and the like. The deformation research of the aeroengine case focuses on the processing deformation research of the case in the processing process and the contact measurement research of interest points of the case in a mode of pasting a strain gauge. The research on the whole deformation of a case and the non-contact on-line measurement of a strain field in a bench test is rarely related to domestic and foreign documents. In order to meet the urgent need that the integral deformation of the casing under the working state lacks an effective non-contact full-field measurement means, an effective integral deformation and strain field measurement method of the casing needs to be researched.
As a non-contact measurement means, the computer stereo vision technology can obtain the three-dimensional coordinate information of corresponding points in an overlapped view field by using a binocular sensor and utilizing a parallax principle, and obtain the surface deformation and strain information of a measurement member by recording the positions of 'same-name points' at different moments. The process of finding the "same-name points" of the two images is to find out the same points in the corresponding world coordinates of the two images according to the characteristics of the feature points, lines, gray scales, textures and the like of the local images through a specific digital image processing algorithm, the image features can be natural or artificial specially designed patterns, the artificial designed feature patterns are often sprayed or transferred onto the surface to be measured in close-range photogrammetry, and the three-dimensional information of the measured member is reflected by detecting the position information of the feature patterns.
The digital speckle correlation method collects speckle image sequences in the deformation process of a tested sample sprayed with black and white speckles through a camera, performs Digital Image Correlation (DIC) calculation on the collected image sequences, and then derives the displacement of an object through a cross-correlation function peak value. The digital speckle correlation method can realize the full-field deformation displacement measurement of a large measured object, and the measurement speed of the digital speckle correlation method only depends on the speed of a camera, so the measurement speed is greatly improved. Through a binocular vision stereo matching algorithm, the digital speckle correlation method can obtain higher measurement precision.
The digital speckle interference technology records an interference fringe pattern formed by the mutual interference of two coherent light waves, and the deformation of a measured object is directly related to the phase distribution of the interference fringe pattern, so that physical quantities such as displacement, deformation, vibration, three-dimensional morphology and the like of the measured object can be extracted according to phase information.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a vision measuring system for measuring deformation strain on a surface of a large structural member, so as to partially solve at least one of the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, as an aspect of the present invention, a vision measuring system is provided, which includes a large structural member, a vision detection pattern for deformation measurement, a speckle interference sensing module, a plurality of groups of binocular vision sensors, and a data processing module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
arranging a visual detection pattern for deformation measurement on the large structural part;
the multiple groups of binocular vision sensors are used for measuring the three-dimensional space positions of the feature points in the vision detection patterns;
the speckle interference sensing module is used for collecting digital speckle interference images of the key measurement area.
The visual detection pattern for deformation measurement comprises fusion coding mark points, grid lines and a digital speckle characteristic pattern.
The speckle interference sensing module realizes the measurement of deformation in a field range by adopting an electronic speckle interference method.
The data processing module comprises a data synthesis host, a synchronous pulse controller, a stroboscopic light source and a high-speed computing cluster; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the three-dimensional space position of the characteristic points is controlled by the data integration host machine, the synchronous control pulser sends time sequence pulses, the stroboscopic light source is driven by the driving circuit to work and synchronously triggers a plurality of groups of binocular vision sensors to collect images of respective local measurement areas, the collected images are quickly processed by the high-speed computing cluster and then are transmitted back to the data integration host machine to carry out position information calculation of each characteristic point of the cartridge receiver, and deformation displacement and a local strain field of each characteristic point at the moment can be obtained after difference calculation with the initial moment.
The device also comprises a display used for displaying the dynamic deformation and the strain field information of the casing displayed by the upper computer software in real time.
Wherein the high-speed computing cluster comprises a plurality of independent computing units.
As a further aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a vision measuring system as described above for the measurement of the strain deformation field of an aircraft engine case.
Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the vision measuring system disclosed by the invention at least has one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention changes the problem that the traditional vision measurement system is difficult to realize the deformation and strain non-contact online measurement of large-scale components with different precision requirements, and realizes the three-dimensional online measurement of medium and fine grain micron-scale deformation and strain in a large field range by using a digital speckle correlation method and a mark point grid line pattern;
(2) the invention uses the electronic speckle interference technology to realize the micro-granularity nano-scale deformation and strain measurement aiming at the sensitive area;
(3) the invention can be flexibly arranged according to the actual component form, and the global calibration technology mentioned in the invention is used for quickly calibrating the internal and external parameters of the high-precision binocular sensor and quickly calibrating the visual system;
(4) the invention can realize the rapid processing of the test image by using the high-speed computing cluster, and realize the rapid measurement of the deformation and the strain of the whole, local and sensitive areas of the surface of the large-scale member.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vision measuring system for measuring deformation strain of a surface of a large structural member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a surface of a casing incorporating coded marker points, grid lines, and digital speckles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle of deformation measurement with nanometer-scale precision in a critical measurement region provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-camera high-precision global calibration method based on a laser tracker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a global calibration target provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a vision measurement system for measuring surface deformation and strain of a large structural member, which can be suitable for surface deformation and strain detection of large structural members such as an aircraft engine casing and the like. The invention organically combines the computer vision detection technology, the digital image processing technology and the global calibration technology of the computer vision detection system to form a rough and fine combined vision detection system which is suitable for large-scale structural members, in particular to the surface deformation and strain measurement of an aircraft engine casing.
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a vision measuring system, which includes a large-scale structural member, a feature pattern (visual detection object) fusing coding mark points, grid lines and digital speckles, a speckle interference sensing module, a plurality of groups of binocular vision sensors and a data processing module; wherein, the large structural member is provided with water transfer printing paper speckles; the multiple groups of binocular vision sensors are used for measuring the three-dimensional space positions of the characteristic points in the water transfer paper speckles; the speckle interference sensing module is used for collecting digital speckle interference images of the key measurement area.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the water transfer paper speckles comprise fused coded marker points, grid lines and digital speckle feature patterns. As shown in fig. 2, the schematic surface of the casing is a schematic surface of the casing with the coded mark points, the grid lines and the coded mark points being fused to facilitate the medium-granularity (medium field size) surface deformation measurement, and the speckle pattern being used to facilitate the small-granularity surface deformation measurement.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the speckle interference sensing module realizes the measurement of deformation in the field of view by adopting an electronic speckle interference method. Aiming at a key area with higher measurement precision requirement on deformation, the invention adopts an electronic speckle interference method to realize high-precision measurement of deformation in a field range, and the measurement principle is shown in figure 3. The project realizes interference fringes through an optical fiber light path, when the casing deforms, the change of a speckle field is caused, a CCD camera is adopted to collect the speckle field before and after deformation, the collected speckle pattern is input into a computer, phase information hidden in the speckle field is analyzed, the speckle phase pattern is extracted, and the casing deformation is solved after filtering and unwrapping.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the data processing module includes a data integration host, a synchronous pulse controller, a stroboscopic light source, and a high-speed computing cluster; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the three-dimensional space position of the characteristic points is controlled by the data integration host machine, the synchronous control pulser sends time sequence pulses, the stroboscopic light source is driven by the driving circuit to work and synchronously triggers a plurality of groups of binocular vision sensors to collect images of respective local measurement areas, the collected images are quickly processed by the high-speed computing cluster and then are transmitted back to the data integration host machine to carry out position information calculation of each characteristic point of the cartridge receiver, and deformation displacement and a local strain field of each characteristic point at the moment can be obtained after difference calculation with the initial moment.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a display for displaying the dynamic deformation and strain field information of the casing displayed by the upper computer software in real time.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the high speed computing cluster comprises a number of independent computing units.
For global calibration of a plurality of binocular sensors adopted by the invention, a plane-based calibration method can be adopted, and a laser tracker and a specially designed global calibration target are used for calibration. The calibration method is shown in FIG. 4, and the specially designed target is shown in FIG. 5.
The invention also provides application of the vision measuring system, which is applied to measurement of a strain deformation field of an aeroengine casing.
The invention adopts a large structural member (such as an aircraft engine casing) to arrange and fuse coding mark points, grid lines and digital speckle characteristic patterns, a plurality of groups of three-dimensional visual sensors measure the three-dimensional space point positions of the characteristic points, a digital speckle interference correlation method is adopted in combination with a key measurement area, a data synthesis host controls a synchronous pulser to send time sequence pulses, a driving circuit drives a stroboscopic light source to work and synchronously triggers 10 groups of binocular visual sensors to collect images of respective local measurement areas, the digital speckle interference sensing collects the digital speckle interference images of the key measurement area, the collected images at the same time are subjected to rapid image processing by a high-speed computing cluster and then are transmitted back to the data synthesis host to carry out position information resolving on each characteristic point of the casing, and deformation displacement and strain fields of each characteristic point at the time and the area where the collected images are located can, and the data fitting conversion is converted into the coordinate conversion of the case, and upper computer software is developed to display the information of the dynamic deformation and the strain field of the case in real time, so that the online measurement and display of the deformation field and the strain field of the case parts are realized.
And arranging the pattern fusing the coded mark points, the grid lines and the digital speckle characteristics on the surface of the mechanical part in a water transfer mode through transfer printing or other spraying processes without damaging the surface of the part.
Further, calibrating by using a laser tracker and a specially designed global calibration target;
furthermore, calibrated three-dimensional space point positions of characteristic points are measured by a plurality of groups of calibrated stereoscopic vision sensors, a digital speckle interference correlation method is adopted in combination with a key measurement area, a synchronous pulser is controlled by a data integration host to send time sequence pulses, a stroboscopic light source is driven by a driving circuit to work, and a plurality of groups of binocular vision sensors are synchronously triggered to acquire images of respective local measurement areas;
further, aiming at a key area, acquiring a digital speckle interference image of the key measurement area by adopting digital speckle interference sensing;
furthermore, the acquired images at the same moment are subjected to rapid image processing by a high-speed computing cluster and then are transmitted back to a data integration host to solve the position information of each characteristic point of the case, the deformation displacement and the strain field of the area where the characteristic point is located at the moment can be obtained after the difference between the acquired images and the initial moment is calculated, the deformation displacement and the strain field of each characteristic point at the moment are converted into the coordinate conversion of the case through data fitting, and upper computer software is developed to display the dynamic deformation and strain field information of the case in real time, so that the online measurement and display of the deformation field and the strain field of.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A vision measurement system is characterized by comprising a large-scale structural part, a vision detection pattern for deformation measurement, a speckle interference sensing module, a plurality of groups of binocular vision sensors and a data processing module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
arranging a visual detection pattern for deformation measurement on the large structural part;
the multiple groups of binocular vision sensors are used for measuring the three-dimensional space positions of the feature points in the vision detection patterns;
the speckle interference sensing module is used for collecting digital speckle interference images of the key measurement area.
2. The visual measurement system of claim 1, wherein the visual inspection pattern for deformation measurement comprises a fused coded landmark point, a grid line, and a digital speckle feature pattern.
3. The vision measurement system of claim 1, wherein the speckle interferometry sensing module is configured to measure distortion over a field of view by using electronic speckle interferometry.
4. The vision measurement system of claim 1, wherein the data processing module comprises a data integration host, a synchronization pulse controller, a stroboscopic light source, a high-speed computing cluster; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the three-dimensional space position of the characteristic points is controlled by the data integration host machine, the synchronous control pulser sends time sequence pulses, the stroboscopic light source is driven by the driving circuit to work and synchronously triggers a plurality of groups of binocular vision sensors to collect images of respective local measurement areas, the collected images are quickly processed by the high-speed computing cluster and then are transmitted back to the data integration host machine to carry out position information calculation of each characteristic point of the cartridge receiver, and deformation displacement and a local strain field of each characteristic point at the moment can be obtained after difference calculation with the initial moment.
5. The vision measuring system of claim 4, further comprising a display for displaying the dynamic deformation and strain field information of the case displayed by the upper computer software in real time.
6. The vision measurement system of claim 4, wherein the high-speed computing cluster includes a number of independent computing units.
7. Use of a vision measuring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is used for the measurement of the strain deformation field of an aircraft engine case.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114543744A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-27 | 上海海事大学 | Equipment for deformation test of aerospace phase-change energy storage device |
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