CN113107587B - Coal mine cemented filling device and method for directionally arranging coal gangue aggregates - Google Patents
Coal mine cemented filling device and method for directionally arranging coal gangue aggregates Download PDFInfo
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- CN113107587B CN113107587B CN202110420010.0A CN202110420010A CN113107587B CN 113107587 B CN113107587 B CN 113107587B CN 202110420010 A CN202110420010 A CN 202110420010A CN 113107587 B CN113107587 B CN 113107587B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal mine cemented filling device and a coal mine cemented filling method for directionally arranging coal gangue aggregates. The device comprises an ultrasonic generator, wherein the ultrasonic generator is connected with a rheostat, an electromagnet and a power supply through wires, and the rheostat can adjust the power of the ultrasonic generator and the power of the electromagnet; the electromagnet is tightly attached to the flexible distributed filling template through the hooks at the tops of the two sides of the flexible distributed filling template and the small magnetic sheets at the two sides of the flexible distributed filling template; a filling port and a magnetic powder feeding port are arranged on the electromagnet on one side and the corresponding flexible distributed filling template, a filling pipeline penetrates into the flexible distributed filling template from the filling port, and the magnetic powder feeding port is positioned below the filling port; the transducer is placed in a hole inside the electromagnet. The invention effectively improves the bearing capacity and long-term stability of the coal mine cemented filling body, meets the strength requirements of structural filling mining and deep filling mining on the filling body, and provides important theoretical and technical support for efficient utilization of underground space and safe mining of deep coal storage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal mine cemented filling device and a coal mine cemented filling method for directionally distributing coal gangue aggregates, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine cemented filling mining.
Background
The coal mine cemented filling mining is a relatively efficient and environment-friendly mining mode in the field of coal mines at the present stage, and belongs to one of green mining systems. The main purpose of the coal mine cemented filling mining is to pump slurry such as cement, fly ash, coal gangue and the like which are mixed in advance through a pipeline to be conveyed to a goaf, and to support overlying strata of a stope after the slurry is hardened and solidified. In recent decades, due to the excessive extensive coal mining, various problems such as resource waste, environmental pollution and the like are left, such as surface subsidence, solid waste accumulation of coal gangue and the like, and coal pressing under the condition of 'three times' and the like. The application of the coal mine cemented filling mining can effectively solve the problems, and has good application prospect and development potential in the current stage.
Compared with solid filling and high water filling, the cemented filling has higher mechanical strength and long-term stability, can be suitable for various complex geological conditions, and is widely concerned and applied. Based on the problems of high cost, low efficiency and the like of the current filling coal mining, the theory of 'structure filling mining' is proposed by von national professor of taiyuan university (von national rei, du dao jie, guoyxia, and the like. basic theory of structure filling mining and the utilization concept of underground space [ J ]. coal science report, 2019, 44(01): 74-84.), namely, the key position is selected in a goaf and a structure filling body is purposefully arranged to meet the control requirement of a rock stratum which is filled along with mining, wherein the strength of the filling body is required to at least reach 10-20 MPa; the basic theory and the application exploration [ J ] of mine functional filling by Liu Lang, Xinjie, Zhang Bo, and the like professor Liu Lang of the Western-An science and technology university provide a reservoir type functional filling technical theory, and the traditional cemented filling material is mixed with a medium with expanded functions to form a composite filling body with a storage function under the conditions of meeting the flowing, mechanical and the like. In addition, with the exhaustion of shallow coal seams, the coal mining field in China has begun to gradually change over to coal mining in kilometers of deep wells, the national nonferrous metals of Jiangsu province Huadong geological exploration bureau prefers to develop and apply [ J ] mining and safety engineering science, 2016, 33(05): 787) and 794 ], China mineral university (Beijing) Dengde side professor (Dengde Xueyu, Dongfei super Wei, Yunzong, etc. ] according to the engineering practical proposals of the working face of Sun village 11121 and the working face of Tang mouth 9303: the minimum strength of the gob-side entry retaining filling body of the kilometer deep well is not lower than 6 MPa. However, the current strength of the coal mine cemented filling body only can reach about 5 MPa, and the coal mine cemented filling body is difficult to serve for structural filling mining and deep filling mining, thereby hindering the popularization and progress of the coal mine cemented filling mining technology in China.
In the preparation process of the coal mine cemented filling material, in order to save cost, a jaw crusher is often only used for crushing coal gangue to prepare aggregate particles, so that most of the coal gangue aggregate particles are flat and have two pointed ends. Based on the research of the subject group, the coal gangue particle has loose and porous surface and certain adsorbability, and when the coal gangue aggregate is vertical to the compression direction, the coal mine cemented filling test piece has the best pressure bearing stability and the highest compression strength. The reason is that bending moment for rotating aggregate particles is not easy to generate only when the direction is vertical to the compression direction, the stability of the structure of an interface transition region (the weakest link in the cemented filling body) can be kept to the maximum extent, and the compression strength and the bearing life of the cemented filling body of the coal mine are further improved.
Therefore, it is necessary to arrange a device in the coal mine goaf, so that the coal gangue aggregate particles are directionally arranged in the coal mine cemented filling body in a direction perpendicular to the pressed direction (i.e. parallel to the stratum), thereby effectively improving the bearing capacity of the coal mine cemented filling body and maintaining the bearing stability for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coal mine cemented filling device and a coal mine cemented filling method for directionally distributing coal gangue aggregates, which effectively improve the compressive strength and the bearing life of a coal mine cemented filling body.
The invention provides a coal mine cemented filling device with directionally arranged coal gangue aggregates, which comprises an ultrasonic generator, wherein the ultrasonic generator is connected with a rheostat, an electromagnet and a power supply through electric wires, the rheostat can adjust the power of the ultrasonic generator and the electromagnet, and the start and stop of the electromagnet are independent and irrelevant to the ultrasonic generator;
the flexible distributed filling template is of a cuboid structure with a hollow interior and is nested in a cavity defined by the electromagnets on the top plate, the bottom plate and the two sides; hooks arranged at intervals are sewed on the top of the outer surface close to the electromagnet side, and small magnetic sheets arranged in a square matrix are sewed on the outer surface.
A filling port and a magnetic powder feeding port are arranged on the electromagnet on one side and the corresponding flexible distributed filling template, a filling pipeline penetrates into the flexible distributed filling template from the filling port, the magnetic powder feeding port is positioned below the filling port, and filling slurry is filled into the flexible distributed filling template through the filling pipeline and the filling port; the transducer is placed in a hole inside the electromagnet.
Further, the transducers are arranged in an equally spaced square matrix in the electromagnet.
The invention provides a coal mine cemented filling method for directionally arranging coal gangue aggregates, which adopts the cemented filling device and comprises the following steps:
(1) arranging a flexible distributed filling template and an electromagnet with a built-in transducer in a coal mine goaf, confirming that the electromagnet is perpendicular to a goaf top plate and a goaf bottom plate, confirming that only a small gap for sliding of a hook is reserved between the top end of the electromagnet and the goaf top plate, confirming that the bottom end of the electromagnet is well matched with the goaf bottom plate, closely attaching the flexible distributed filling template to the surface of the electromagnet through the hook at the top of each side of the flexible distributed filling template and small magnetic sheets at two sides, then arranging a filling port and a magnetic powder feeding port on the side surface of the flexible distributed filling template, enabling a filling pipeline and a magnetic powder feeding pipeline to penetrate through the electromagnet at the side, confirming that the flexible distributed filling template is closely attached to the surfaces of the goaf top plate, the goaf bottom plate and the electromagnet, confirming that the filling port and the magnetic powder feeding port are closely sleeved with the flexible distributed filling template and the electromagnet and are not blocked, confirming that the transducer is firmly nested in a hole inside the electromagnet and fixed and can normally work, confirming that the circuit connection is correct;
(2) a filling pipeline connected with the ground starts to slowly fill the slurry at a constant speed, a magnetic powder feeding port is used for feeding magnetic powder along with the adjustment of the filling rate, the feeding rate of the magnetic powder is in direct proportion to the filling rate, an ultrasonic generator and an energy converter inside an electromagnet are started, the adsorption of the magnetic powder on the porous surface of the coal gangue aggregate particles in the filling slurry is promoted, and the adsorption effect is promoted through the adjustment of a rheostat;
(3) after filling is finished, when filling slurry reaches an initial setting state (namely plastic flow is lost at the beginning), starting the electromagnet, manufacturing a magnetic field parallel to a top plate and a bottom plate of the goaf in the flexible distributed filling template through the electromagnet, enabling the coal gangue aggregate particles after magnetic powder adsorption to directionally rotate to a state parallel to a stratum, and adjusting the rotation rate of the coal gangue aggregate particles through the rheostat;
(4) and (4) disconnecting the circuit, disassembling the filling pipeline and the cemented filling device, withdrawing the ultrasonic generator, the rheostat, the electromagnet and the transducer, and recycling when the next filling is performed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the coal gangue aggregate particles are directionally rotated by putting and mixing the magnetic powder, promoting the magnetic powder to be adsorbed on the surfaces of the coal gangue aggregate particles by utilizing ultrasonic waves and manufacturing a magnetic field parallel to the stratum by utilizing an electromagnet, and finally forming the directional arrangement of the coal gangue aggregate particles parallel to the stratum and vertical to the pressed direction, so that the bearing capacity and the long-term stability of the coal mine cemented filling body are effectively improved, the strength requirements of structural filling mining and deep filling mining on the filling body are met, the improvement of the coal mine cemented filling mining technology in China is further promoted, important theoretical and technical supports are provided for the efficient utilization of underground space and the safe mining of deep coal storage, and the coal mine cemented filling body has important significance for promoting the energy revolution in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general layout of the apparatus of the present invention in an underground-filled coal mine;
FIG. 2 is a detailed layout of the apparatus of the present invention in a mined-out area of a coal mine;
fig. 3 is a fixed structure diagram of the electromagnet and the flexible cloth type filling template in the device of the invention and an internal structure diagram of the electromagnet.
Wherein: 1. an ultrasonic generator; 2. a varistor; 3. an electromagnet; 4. a flexible distributed fill template; 5. a filling port; 6. a magnetic powder feeding port; 7. slurry; 8. a transducer; 9. hooking; 10. a small magnetic sheet.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the coal mine cemented filling device with directionally arranged coal gangue aggregates comprises an ultrasonic generator 1, wherein the ultrasonic generator 1 is connected with a rheostat 2, an electromagnet 3 and a power supply through electric wires, the rheostat 2 can adjust the power of the ultrasonic generator 1 and the electromagnet 3, and the start and stop of the electromagnet 3 are independent and irrelevant to the ultrasonic generator 1;
holes which are arranged in a square matrix and used for placing an energy converter 8 are formed in the electromagnet 3, the electromagnet 3 is tightly attached to the flexible distributed filling template 4 through hooks 9 at the tops of two sides of the flexible distributed filling template 4 and small magnetic sheets 10 at two sides, the flexible distributed filling template 4 is of a cuboid structure with a hollow inner part and is embedded in a cavity which is formed by enclosing the top plate, the bottom plate and the electromagnets 3 at two sides; the top of the outer surface close to the electromagnet 3 side is sewed with hooks 9 arranged at intervals, and the outer surface is sewed with small magnetic sheets 10 arranged in a square matrix. A filling port 5 and a magnetic powder feeding port 6 are arranged on the electromagnet 3 and the corresponding flexible distributed filling template 4 on one side, a filling pipeline penetrates into a cavity defined by the flexible distributed filling template 4 from the filling port 5, the magnetic powder feeding port 6 is positioned below the filling port 5, and filling slurry 7 is filled into the flexible distributed filling template 4 through the filling pipeline and the filling port 5; the transducer 8 is placed in a hole inside the electromagnet 3.
Further, the transducers 8 are arranged in an equally spaced square matrix in the electromagnet 3.
The filling method for directionally arranging the coal gangue aggregates by adopting the device comprises the following steps:
(1) laying a flexible distributed filling template 4 and an electromagnet 3 with a built-in transducer 8 in a coal mine goaf, confirming that the electromagnet 3 is vertical to a goaf top plate and a goaf bottom plate, confirming that only a small gap for sliding a hook 9 is reserved between the top end of the electromagnet 3 and the goaf top plate, confirming that the bottom end of the electromagnet 3 is well matched with the goaf bottom plate, tightly attaching the flexible distributed filling template 4 and the electromagnet 3 through the hooks 9 at the tops of two sides of the flexible distributed filling template 4 and small magnetic sheets 10 at two sides, then laying a filling port 5 and a magnetic powder feeding port 6 on the side surface of the flexible distributed filling template 4, enabling a filling pipeline and a magnetic powder feeding pipeline to penetrate through the electromagnet 3 at the side, confirming that the flexible distributed filling template 4 is tightly attached with the goaf top plate, the goaf bottom plate and the electromagnet 3, confirming that the filling port 5 and the magnetic powder feeding port 6 are tightly sleeved with the flexible distributed filling template 4 and the electromagnet 3 and are not blocked, confirming that the transducer 8 is firmly nested into the hole inside the electromagnet 3 and is fixed and can work normally, and confirming that the circuit connection is correct;
(2) a filling pipeline connected with the ground starts to slowly fill the slurry 7 at a constant speed, the magnetic powder feeding port 6 feeds magnetic powder along with the adjustment of the filling rate, the feeding rate of the magnetic powder is in direct proportion to the filling rate, the ultrasonic generator 1 and the transducer 8 in the electromagnet 3 are started, the adsorption of the magnetic powder on the porous surface of the coal gangue aggregate particles in the filling slurry 7 is promoted, and the effect of promoting the adsorption is adjusted by the rheostat 2;
(3) after filling is finished, when the filling slurry 7 reaches an initial setting state (namely, plastic flow is lost at the beginning), starting the electromagnet 3, manufacturing a magnetic field parallel to a top plate and a bottom plate of the goaf in the flexible distributed filling template 4 through the electromagnet 3, enabling the coal gangue aggregate particles after magnetic powder adsorption to directionally rotate to a state parallel to a stratum, and adjusting the rotation rate of the coal gangue aggregate particles through the rheostat 2;
(4) and (4) disconnecting the circuit, disassembling the filling pipeline and the cemented filling device, withdrawing the ultrasonic generator 1, the rheostat 2, the electromagnet 3 and the transducer 8, and recycling when next filling is performed.
Claims (3)
1. A coal mine cemented filling method for directionally arranging coal gangue aggregates is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) arranging a flexible distributed filling template and an electromagnet with a built-in transducer in a coal mine goaf, confirming that the electromagnet is perpendicular to a goaf top plate and a goaf bottom plate, confirming that only a small gap for sliding of a hook is reserved between the top end of the electromagnet and the goaf top plate, confirming that the bottom end of the electromagnet is well matched with the goaf bottom plate, closely attaching the flexible distributed filling template to the surface of the electromagnet through the hook at the top of each side of the flexible distributed filling template and small magnetic sheets at two sides, then arranging a filling port and a magnetic powder feeding port on the side surface of the flexible distributed filling template, enabling a filling pipeline and a magnetic powder feeding pipeline to penetrate through the electromagnet at the side, confirming that the flexible distributed filling template is closely attached to the surfaces of the goaf top plate, the goaf bottom plate and the electromagnet, confirming that the filling port and the magnetic powder feeding port are closely sleeved with the flexible distributed filling template and the electromagnet and are not blocked, confirming that the transducer is firmly nested in a hole inside the electromagnet and fixed and can normally work, confirming that the circuit connection is correct;
(2) a filling pipeline connected with the ground starts to slowly fill the slurry at a constant speed, a magnetic powder feeding port is used for feeding magnetic powder along with the adjustment of the filling rate, the feeding rate of the magnetic powder is in direct proportion to the filling rate, an ultrasonic generator and an energy converter inside an electromagnet are started, the adsorption of the magnetic powder on the porous surface of the coal gangue aggregate particles in the filling slurry is promoted, and the adsorption effect is promoted through the adjustment of a rheostat;
(3) after filling is finished, when filling slurry reaches an initial setting state, starting the electromagnet, manufacturing a magnetic field parallel to a top plate and a bottom plate of the goaf in the flexible distributed filling template through the electromagnet, enabling coal gangue aggregate particles after magnetic powder adsorption to directionally rotate to a state parallel to a stratum, and adjusting the rotation rate of the coal gangue aggregate particles through the rheostat;
(4) disconnecting the circuit, disassembling the filling pipeline and the cemented filling device, withdrawing the ultrasonic generator, the rheostat, the electromagnet and the transducer, and recycling when the next filling is performed;
the method adopts a coal mine cemented filling device with directionally arranged coal gangue aggregates, and the device comprises an ultrasonic generator, wherein the ultrasonic generator is connected with a rheostat, an electromagnet and a power supply through electric wires, the rheostat can adjust the power of the ultrasonic generator and the electromagnet, and the start and stop of the electromagnet are independent from the ultrasonic generator;
the flexible distributed filling template is of a cuboid structure with a hollow interior and is nested in a cavity defined by the electromagnets at the top plate, the bottom plate and the two sides;
a filling port and a magnetic powder feeding port are arranged on the electromagnet on one side and the corresponding flexible distributed filling template, a filling pipeline penetrates into the flexible distributed filling template from the filling port, and the magnetic powder feeding port is positioned below the filling port; filling slurry is filled into the flexible distributed filling template through a filling pipeline and a filling opening; the transducer is placed in a hole inside the electromagnet.
2. The coal mine cemented filling method for directionally arranging coal gangue aggregates according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the transducers are arranged in an electromagnet at equal intervals in a square matrix.
3. The coal mine cemented filling method for directionally arranging coal gangue aggregates according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the top of the outer surface of the flexible distributed filling template close to the electromagnet side is sewed with hooks which are arranged at intervals, and the outer surface is sewed with small magnetic sheets which are arranged in a square matrix.
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