CN113105747A - Low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions and the preparation method thereof are characterized in that the modified asphalt is prepared from the following raw materials: 100 parts of matrix asphalt, 3-8 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, 5-10 parts of organic bentonite, 5-10 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide, 2-8 parts of aromatic oil and 2-8 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials: sodium bentonite, a cationic surfactant and distilled water. The invention also provides a preparation method of the modified asphalt. The modified asphalt has good high and low temperature resistance, thermal oxidation resistance and ultraviolet aging resistance, is especially outstanding in low temperature resistance, has good ductility in a low temperature environment, good toughness and low critical cracking temperature, and is suitable for being used in areas with low long-term temperature and strong ultraviolet. The preparation process is simple. The paving temperature of the modified asphalt in the construction process can be reduced, so that the modified asphalt is more suitable for construction in alpine regions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to modified asphalt, in particular to low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine region.
Background
The petroleum asphalt is widely applied to the aspect of transportation, is the first choice of road paving materials in China and even the world at present, has very complex chemical components, and is mainly divided into four components of asphaltene, colloid, aromatic components and saturated components by an SARA analysis method in China at present, and the content of each component directly influences three performance indexes of penetration, softening point and ductility of the asphalt. However, the matrix petroleum asphalt has poor aging resistance, high temperature sensitivity and no good elasticity, and the driving safety problems of accelerated aging, cracking, rutting and the like of the matrix asphalt pavement can be caused by temperature change caused by alternate seasons and continuous increase of road traffic vehicle load, so that the requirements of the current high-grade road pavement can not be met. Therefore, modified asphalt is a necessary trend for asphalt development.
The existing asphalt modifier comprises an organic modifier and an inorganic modifier, wherein the organic modifier is mainly polymer, and the polymer asphalt modifier is greatly developed because the polymer asphalt modifier can effectively improve the high-temperature performance of matrix asphalt, reduce the temperature sensitivity of the asphalt and prolong the service life of asphalt pavement. As early as the 19 th century, the rubber modified asphalt technology was proposed by the british scientists Whiting, and over the past 50 years, more and more researchers have begun to concentrate on the polymer modification of asphalt, with various polymers being studied including resinous asphalt modifiers such as: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and the like; thermoplastic elastomer asphalt modifiers such as: with the increasing awareness of human environmental protection, the recycling of waste polymers has been developed in the research of asphalt modification, for example, rubber particles obtained by crushing waste tires are used as asphalt modification properties. However, the polymer asphalt modifier generally has the problems of poor compatibility with the matrix asphalt and the like, so that the polymer modified asphalt is not satisfactory in production, storage and even performance. In addition, the service life of the polymer modified asphalt is greatly limited due to the aging effect of thermal oxygen and ultraviolet light in the environment. In contrast, the inorganic modifier has good aging resistance and can effectively improve the strength of the modified asphalt. Among inorganic modifiers, minerals are most widely used. However, in previous studies on asphalt modification, mineral modifiers were in most cases used only as the filler fraction of the asphalt mix. In fact, many minerals can improve the interface action of asphalt and stone through the special structure of the minerals, improve the pavement performance of the asphalt mixture, and are lower in cost compared with polymer modifiers. The organic-inorganic composite asphalt modifier is a development trend of asphalt modifier research, and the compounding of the inorganic modifier can improve the compatibility of the polymer modifier and the matrix asphalt and improve the anti-aging capability of the modified asphalt while maintaining the high-temperature and low-temperature performances of the polymer modified asphalt, so that the modified asphalt with higher storage stability and better pavement performance is obtained.
On the other hand, as most northern areas of China are in continental climatic zones and high-cold climatic zones, the weather change is mainly influenced by high-pressure cold air in Mongolian plateaus and wind and warm flow in Pacific quarters, and the temperature change amplitude in a short time is large. The average altitude of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau in China is about 3500m, the annual average temperature in most regions is below 0 ℃, the average temperature in the northern region of Tibet does not reach 10 ℃ even in 8 months with the highest temperature in summer, and the temperature can even be reduced to below 0 ℃ at night. The low-temperature cracks generated in the use process of the asphalt pavement in the areas are the common problems at present, the service performance of the pavement is reduced due to the existence of the cracks, and the low-temperature cracks of the asphalt pavement are generated due to the fact that the asphalt becomes hard and brittle at low temperature and the deformation capability is poor, so the low-temperature cracks of the asphalt pavement are reduced, and the low-temperature resistance of the asphalt is improved.
The related patent documents: CN102220021A discloses emulsified SBS modified asphalt and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following components by mass, 55-60% of matrix asphalt; 2.5 to 4 percent of SBS; 0.1 to 0.5 percent of SBS modified asphalt stabilizer SWD; 1-3% of asphalt cation emulsifier; 40-45% of water; also comprises calcium chloride which is 0.3 to 0.8 percent of the mass of water, a thickening agent which is 0.1 to 0.5 percent of the mass of water and acid for adjusting the pH value to 2 to 4; the SBS has a linear structure, the block ratio of the SBS is 20/80-28/72, and the molecular weight of the SBS is 10-16 ten thousand.
The technologies have good low-temperature resistance to the modified asphalt, and the paving temperature is reduced to a certain extent compared with that of the matrix asphalt in the construction stage, and no specific guidance scheme is given.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions, which has good low-temperature resistance and can reduce the paving temperature of the modified asphalt in the construction process, so that the modified asphalt is more suitable for the construction of the alpine regions.
Therefore, another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the low temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for use in alpine regions.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the technical scheme of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions is that the asphalt is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix asphalt, 3-8 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), 5-10 parts of organic bentonite, 5-10 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (LDHs), 2-8 parts of aromatic oil and 2-8 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.3-0.6 part of cationic surfactant and distilled water. The SBS is in a linear structure, namely the SBS structure is a linear block copolymer, and compared with star-shaped SBS, the SBS has the advantages of low molecular weight, high toughness and good wettability, namely oil absorption; the SBS is a particle material, the particle size range is 5-10 mu m, for the preparation of the SBS modified asphalt, the particle size of the SBS particles is gradually reduced along with the continuous shearing process, when the particle size is smaller than 3 mu m, the adsorption of the SBS on the asphalt light component is developed from a two-phase interface to the inside of the particles, and then the particles are gradually developed in the asphalt phase to form a uniform dispersion phase, so that the smaller the particle size of the SBS, the better the dispersion of the SBS in the asphalt is. The block ratio is S/B-20/80, namely the block ratio of styrene to butadiene in SBS is 20/80, the ratio of polybutadiene chain segment is far higher than that of polystyrene, thus providing good elastic property for SBS material and having better effect of improving low temperature property of asphalt. The flash point of the aromatic oil is 200-250 ℃, and the aromatic content is 80-90%. The polymethacrylate is a lubricating oil additive, has good pour point depressing effect and certain tackifying effect, and has the flash point of 170-200 ℃, the pour point depressing degree of 12-20 ℃ and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) of 2000mm2/s-3000mm2/s。
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps (namely an organic treatment method of the sodium bentonite): mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.3-0.6 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; and (3) carrying out suction filtration on the reaction liquid, repeatedly cleaning, placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ drying oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organic bentonite, wherein the organic bentonite is obtained by organically treating sodium bentonite, the granularity of the organic bentonite is 400-600 meshes, and the bentonite has better dispersibility in the asphalt within the granularity range.
The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 165-190 ℃, adding SBS, manually stirring for 1-5min, starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 30-60min, the shearing rate is 5000-8000r/min (namely 5000-8000rpm), after the shearing is finished, adding organic bentonite and LDHs into the high-speed shearing machine, continuing to shear for 20-40min at a high speed (the shearing rate is still 5000-8000r/min), after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-5 ℃, developing at a constant temperature for 1-2h, after the development is finished, controlling the temperature to 120 +/-5 ℃, adding aromatic oil and polymethacrylate into the high-speed shearing machine, shearing at a low speed of 5-10min and at a shearing rate of 1000-2000r/min, then closing the equipment (namely closing the high-speed shearing machine), naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature (25 ℃), thus obtaining the low temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions.
In the above technical solution, a preferable technical solution may be: the matrix asphalt is preferably No. 70 matrix asphalt. The cationic surfactant is preferably one of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and has the main functions of organically modifying inorganic components in the modified asphalt to improve the stability and the dispersity of the modified asphalt and SBS in the asphalt and prevent the performance difference of the modified asphalt caused by the separation of the modified components.
In the above technical solution, a preferable technical solution may be that: the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 5 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (namely SBS), 5 parts of organic bentonite, 6 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (namely LDHs), 7 parts of aromatic oil and 2 parts of polymethacrylate(ii) a The organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.5 part of cationic surfactant, namely hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 204.5 parts of distilled water. The SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 5-7 mu m, has a flash point of 205 ℃ and aromatic hydrocarbon content of 85 percent; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 180-185 ℃, the pour point is 12-14 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2000mm2/s-2100mm2And s. The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.5 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; filtering the reaction solution, repeatedly cleaning, drying the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for 24 hours, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the granularity of 400 meshes; the preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 170 ℃, adding 5 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 3min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 40min, the shearing rate is 6000r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 5 parts of organic bentonite and 6 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 20min (the shearing rate is still 6000r/min), after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-2 ℃ for development at constant temperature for 2h, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-2 ℃, adding 7 parts of aromatic oil and 2 parts of polymethacrylate, carrying out low-speed shearing for 10min, wherein the shearing rate is 1000r/min, then closing equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold regions.
Among the above-described technical solutions, preferred technical solutions may also be the following examples 2, 3, 4, 5.
The invention provides low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions and a preparation method thereof, the modified asphalt has good high-low temperature resistance, thermal oxidation resistance and ultraviolet aging resistance, wherein the low-temperature resistance is particularly outstanding, the modified asphalt still has good ductility in a low-temperature environment, good toughness and low critical cracking temperature, is suitable for regions with low long-term temperature and strong ultraviolet rays such as Tibet, and has the advantages of simple preparation process and production cost saving of more than 15 percent. In addition, by reasonably adjusting the mass parts of the components, the paving temperature of the modified asphalt in the construction process can be reduced to a certain extent, so that the modified asphalt is more suitable for construction in alpine regions. See the modified asphalt performance test table later in this specification.
In conclusion, the invention provides the low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions, which has good low-temperature resistance, and can reduce the paving temperature of the modified asphalt in the construction process (the paving temperature of the modified asphalt is reduced to a certain degree compared with that of the matrix asphalt in the construction stage), so that the modified asphalt is more suitable for the construction of the alpine regions.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 5 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (namely SBS), 5 parts of organic bentonite, 6 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (namely LDHs), 7 parts of aromatic oil and 2 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.5 part of cationic surfactant, namely hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 204.5 parts of distilled water. The SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 5-7 mu m, has a flash point of 205 ℃ and aromatic hydrocarbon content of 85 percent; the nailThe base acrylate has a flash point of 180-185 deg.C, a pour point of 12-14 deg.C, and a kinematic viscosity (100 deg.C) of 2000mm2/s-2100mm2/s。
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.5 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; and (3) carrying out suction filtration on the reaction liquid, cleaning (repeatedly), placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the granularity of 400 meshes. The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 170 ℃, adding 5 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 3min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 40min, the shearing rate is 6000r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 5 parts of organic bentonite and 6 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 20min (the shearing rate is still 6000r/min), after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-2 ℃ for development at constant temperature for 2h, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-2 ℃, adding 7 parts of aromatic oil and 2 parts of polymethacrylate, carrying out low-speed shearing for 10min, wherein the shearing rate is 1000r/min, then closing equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold regions.
Example 2: the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 6 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (namely SBS), 6 parts of organic bentonite, 6 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (namely LDHs), 4 parts of aromatic oil and 4 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.6 part of cationic surfactant namely hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 205.4 parts of distilled water. The SBS is in a linear structure, and the SBS isThe particle material has the particle size range of 6-8 mu m, the flash point of the aromatic oil is 220 ℃, and the aromatic hydrocarbon content is 88%; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 183-185 ℃, the pour point is 15-16 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2200mm2/s-2300mm2/s。
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.6 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; and (3) carrying out suction filtration on the reaction liquid, cleaning (repeatedly), placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the granularity of 500 meshes. The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 180 ℃, adding 6 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 3min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 50min, the shearing rate is 7000r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 6 parts of organobentonite and 6 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 30min (the shearing rate is still 7000r/min), after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-1 ℃ for development for 2h at constant temperature, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-1 ℃, adding 4 parts of aromatic oil and 4 parts of polymethacrylate, carrying out low-speed shearing for 10min, wherein the shearing rate is 1500r/min, then closing equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold regions.
Example 3: the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 4 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), 5 parts of organic bentonite, 5 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (LDHs), 3 parts of aromatic oil and 7 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, and the surface of cation0.4 part of surfactant namely octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 203.6 parts of distilled water. The SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 6-8 mu m, and contains aromatic oil with a flash point of 230 ℃ and aromatic content of 86%; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 185-187 ℃, the pour point is 16-17 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2200mm2/s-2250mm2/s。
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.4 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; and (3) carrying out suction filtration on the reaction liquid, cleaning (repeatedly), placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the granularity of 600 meshes. The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 180 ℃, adding 4 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 3min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 40min, the shearing rate is 8000r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 5 parts of organic bentonite and 5 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 30min (the shearing rate is still 8000r/min), after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-1 ℃, developing at constant temperature for 2h, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-1 ℃, adding 3 parts of aromatic oil and 7 parts of polymethacrylate, shearing at low speed for 10min, wherein the shearing rate is 2000r/min, then closing the equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold areas.
Example 4: the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 7 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer namely SBS, 9 parts of organic bentonite, 8 parts of layered double-hydroxy composite metal hydroxide namely LDHs, 6 parts of aromatic oil, and polymethacrylic acid7 parts of an ester; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.6 part of cationic surfactant namely octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 205.4 parts of distilled water. The SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 5-7 mu m, has a flash point of 205 ℃ and aromatic hydrocarbon content of 85 percent; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 180-185 ℃, the pour point is 12-13 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2000mm2/s-2100mm2/s。
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.6 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; and (3) carrying out suction filtration on the reaction liquid, cleaning (repeatedly), placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the granularity of 500 meshes. The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 185 ℃, adding 7 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 5min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 60min, the shearing rate is 6500r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 9 parts of organic bentonite and 8 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 40min (the shearing rate is 6500r/min), after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-1 ℃ for constant-temperature development for 2h, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-1 ℃, adding 6 parts of aromatic oil and 7 parts of polymethacrylate, carrying out low-speed shearing for 10min, wherein the shearing rate is 1200r/min, then closing equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold areas.
Example 5: the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 portions of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 5 portions of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer namely SBS,5 parts of organic bentonite, 5 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (LDHs), 2 parts of aromatic oil and 6 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.5 part of cationic surfactant namely octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 204.5 parts of distilled water. The SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 6-8 mu m, and contains aromatic oil with a flash point of 220 ℃ and aromatic content of 88%; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 183-185 ℃, the pour point is 15-16 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2200mm2/s-2300mm2/s。
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.5 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; and (3) carrying out suction filtration on the reaction liquid, cleaning (repeatedly), placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the granularity of 500 meshes. The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 180 ℃, adding 5 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 5min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 40min, the shearing rate is 7500r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 5 parts of organic bentonite and 5 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 30min (the shearing rate is still 7500r/min), after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-1 ℃ for constant-temperature development for 2h, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-1 ℃, adding 2 parts of aromatic oil and 6 parts of polymethacrylate, carrying out low-speed shearing for 10min, wherein the shearing rate is 1400r/min, then closing equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions.
Comparative example 1: the comparative example is a No. 70 base asphalt without any modifier added.
Comparative example 2: the comparative example is the common SBS modified asphalt prepared by adding 5 parts of SBS into 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, shearing at high speed for 40min at 180 ℃ and then developing for 2 h.
The following are the performance tests of the invention: the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions in the above groups of examples is subjected to a softening point test, a penetration test (25 ℃), a ductility test (5 ℃), an asphalt segregation test, and a critical cracking temperature test, and specific test data are listed in table 1.
TABLE 1 modified asphalt Performance test Table
And (4) conclusion: the invention provides low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions, which can greatly improve the low-temperature performance of the asphalt without influencing the high-temperature performance of the asphalt and ensure the normal application of the modified asphalt. SBS is styrene butadiene block copolymer, SBS because two phase separation structure have two glass transition temperature, polybutadiene is-80 deg.C, polystyrene is 80 deg.C, have excellent high temperature stability, low temperature flexibility and elastic recovery performance, so can improve the low temperature performance of the bituminous pavement effectively. The bentonite and the LDHs are layered minerals with special lamellar structures, and in the process of modifying the polymer by the layered minerals, polymer chains can be intercalated into mineral lamellar layers, so that the minerals are dispersed in a polymer matrix in a nanometer scale, and the high-temperature performance, the mechanical property and the barrier property of the polymer are improved. The lamellar mineral can improve the aging resistance of the modified asphalt by the barrier property of the lamellar mineral in the asphalt modification. In the polymer modified asphalt, the addition of the layered mineral can also increase the viscosity of the modified asphalt and reduce the density difference between the polymer modifier and the asphalt, thereby improving the thermal storage stability of the modified asphalt. The bentonite can increase the interlayer spacing after being organically modified, and the intercalation effect of the polymer in the modified asphalt is improved so as to improve the dispersibility and stability of the polymer in the asphalt; the LDHs inorganic laminate has a physical shielding effect on ultraviolet light, and meanwhile, some metal elements on the laminate and anions between the laminates can chemically absorb the ultraviolet light, so that the modified asphalt has excellent ultraviolet aging resistance due to the multiple chemical absorption and physical shielding effects. The aromatic oil contains light components, can be used for adjusting the proportion of the asphalt components, improves the flexibility of the asphalt and enhances the low-temperature crack resistance of the asphalt by increasing the content of the asphalt light components, and in addition, if the content of the light components such as saturated components and aromatic components in an asphalt system is too low, the polymer can not adsorb enough light components to fully swell and develop and is easy to segregate, so the addition of the aromatic oil can also improve the compatibility of the polymer components and the asphalt. The polymethacrylate can be used as an asphalt pour point depressant, can improve the low-temperature performance of asphalt by improving the crystallization distribution of paraffin in the asphalt, has no great influence on the high-temperature performance of the asphalt, and can provide obvious improvement on the low-temperature ductility and the critical cracking temperature of the asphalt under the condition of less mixing amount. The components are added into the matrix asphalt, so that the performance of the asphalt can be improved in a synergistic manner, the high-temperature performance of the asphalt is maintained, and the low-temperature performance of the asphalt is effectively improved, so that the asphalt is more suitable for being applied to alpine regions and regions with large temperature difference.
In conclusion, the low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions has good low-temperature resistance, and the paving temperature of the modified asphalt in the construction process can be reduced (the paving temperature of the modified asphalt is reduced to a certain extent compared with that of the matrix asphalt in the construction stage), so that the modified asphalt is more suitable for the construction of the alpine regions.
Claims (10)
1. The low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix asphalt, 3-8 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), 5-10 parts of organic bentonite, 5-10 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (LDHs), 2-8 parts of aromatic oil and 2-8 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.3-0.6 part of cationic surfactant and distilled water;
the SBS is in a linear structure, is a particle material with the particle size range of 5-10 mu m, and is prepared by mixing SBS and SBSThe block ratio is S/B-20/80, the flash point of the aromatic oil is 200-250 ℃, and the aromatic content is 80-90%; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 170-200 ℃, the pour point is 12-20 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2000mm2/s-3000mm2/s；
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.3-0.6 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; filtering the reaction liquid, cleaning, placing the filter cake in a drying oven at 100 ℃ for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the granularity of 400-600 meshes;
the preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding the substrate asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 190-.
2. The low temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the base asphalt is No. 70 base asphalt.
3. The low temperature resistant modified asphalt of claim 1, wherein the cationic surfactant is one of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and octadecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride.
4. The low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions according to claim 1, is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 5 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (namely SBS), 5 parts of organic bentonite, 6 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (namely LDHs), 7 parts of aromatic oil and 2 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.5 part of cationic surfactant, namely hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 204.5 parts of distilled water; the SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 5-7 mu m, has a flash point of 205 ℃ and aromatic hydrocarbon content of 85 percent; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 180-185 ℃, the pour point is 12-14 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2000mm2/s-2100mm2/s；
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.5 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; filtering the reaction solution, cleaning, placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain organobentonite with the granularity of 400 meshes;
the preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 170 ℃, adding 5 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 3min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 40min, the shearing rate is 6000r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 5 parts of organic bentonite and 6 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 20min, after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-2 ℃ for 2h of constant-temperature development, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-2 ℃, adding 7 parts of aromatic oil and 2 parts of polymethacrylate, shearing at low speed for 10min, and the shearing rate is 1000r/min, then closing the equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold areas.
5. The low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions according to claim 1, is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 6 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (namely SBS), 6 parts of organic bentonite, 6 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (namely LDHs), 4 parts of aromatic oil and 4 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.6 part of cationic surfactant, namely hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 205.4 parts of distilled water; the SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 6-8 mu m, and contains aromatic oil with a flash point of 220 ℃ and aromatic content of 88%; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 183-185 ℃, the pour point is 15-16 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2200mm2/s-2300mm2/s；
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.6 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; filtering the reaction solution, cleaning, placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the particle size of 500 meshes;
the preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 180 ℃, adding 6 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 3min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 50min, the shearing rate is 7000r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 6 parts of organobentonite and 6 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 30min, after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-1 ℃ for 2h of constant-temperature development, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-1 ℃, adding 4 parts of aromatic oil and 4 parts of polymethacrylate, shearing at low speed for 10min, wherein the shearing rate is 1500r/min, then closing equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold areas.
6. The low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions according to claim 1, is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 4 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), 5 parts of organic bentonite, 5 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (LDHs), 3 parts of aromatic oil and 7 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.4 part of cationic surfactant namely octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 203.6 parts of distilled water; the SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 6-8 mu m, and contains aromatic oil with a flash point of 230 ℃ and aromatic content of 86%; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 185-187 ℃, the pour point is 16-17 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2200mm2/s-2250mm2/s；
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.4 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; filtering the reaction solution, cleaning, placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain organobentonite with the granularity of 600 meshes;
the preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 180 ℃, adding 4 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 3min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 40min, the shearing rate is 8000r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 5 parts of organic bentonite and 5 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 30min, after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-1 ℃, developing at constant temperature for 2h, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-1 ℃, adding 3 parts of aromatic oil and 7 parts of polymethacrylate, shearing at low speed for 10min, and the shearing rate is 2000r/min, then closing the equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold areas.
7. The low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions according to claim 1, is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 7 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), 9 parts of organic bentonite, 8 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (LDHs), 6 parts of aromatic oil and 7 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.6 part of cationic surfactant namely octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 205.4 parts of distilled water; the SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 5-7 mu m, has a flash point of 205 ℃ and aromatic hydrocarbon content of 85 percent; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 180-185 ℃, the pour point is 12-13 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2000mm2/s-2100mm2/s；
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.6 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; filtering the reaction solution, cleaning, placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the particle size of 500 meshes;
the preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 185 ℃, adding 7 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 5min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 60min, the shearing rate is 6500r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 9 parts of organic bentonite and 8 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear for 40min at high speed, after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-1 ℃, developing at constant temperature for 2h, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-1 ℃, adding 6 parts of aromatic oil and 7 parts of polymethacrylate, shearing at low speed for 10min, and the shearing rate is 1200r/min, then closing the equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold areas.
8. The low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions according to claim 1, is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt, 5 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (namely SBS), 5 parts of organic bentonite, 5 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (namely LDHs), 2 parts of aromatic oil and 6 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.5 part of cationic surfactant namely octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 204.5 parts of distilled water; the SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has a particle size range of 6-8 mu m, and contains aromatic oil with a flash point of 220 ℃ and aromatic content of 88%; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 183-185 ℃, the pour point is 15-16 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2200mm2/s-2300mm2/s；
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.5 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; filtering the reaction solution, cleaning, placing the filter cake in a 100 ℃ oven for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the particle size of 500 meshes;
the preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding 100 parts of No. 70 matrix asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 180 ℃, adding 5 parts of SBS, manually stirring for 5min, then starting mechanical shearing, wherein the shearing time is 40min, the shearing rate is 7500r/min, after the shearing is finished, adding 5 parts of organic bentonite and 5 parts of LDHs, continuing to shear at high speed for 30min, after the high-speed shearing is finished, reducing the temperature of the shearing machine to 120 +/-1 ℃, developing at constant temperature for 2h, after the development is finished, still controlling the temperature to 120 +/-1 ℃, adding 2 parts of aromatic oil and 6 parts of polymethacrylate, shearing at low speed for 10min, and the shearing rate is 1400r/min, then closing the equipment, and naturally cooling the obtained product to room temperature to obtain the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for high and cold areas.
9. The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions is characterized in that the low-temperature-resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix asphalt, 3-8 parts of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), 5-10 parts of organic bentonite, 5-10 parts of layered dihydroxy composite metal hydroxide (LDHs), 2-8 parts of aromatic oil and 2-8 parts of polymethacrylate; the organic bentonite is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.3-0.6 part of cationic surfactant and distilled water;
the SBS is of a linear structure, is a particle material, has the particle size range of 5-10 mu m, has the block ratio of S/B-20/80, and has the flash point of 200-250 ℃ and the aromatic hydrocarbon content of 80-90 percent; the flash point of the polymethacrylate is 170-200 ℃, the pour point is 12-20 ℃, and the kinematic viscosity (100 ℃) is 2000mm2/s-3000mm2/s；
The preparation method of the organic bentonite comprises the following process steps: mixing 10 parts of sodium bentonite with 200 parts of distilled water, and stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ at the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 30min to obtain an aqueous solution of the sodium bentonite; dissolving 0.3-0.6 part of cationic surfactant in distilled water to prepare a solution with the mass percentage concentration of 10%, adding the solution into an aqueous solution of sodium bentonite, and continuously stirring at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 1500r/min for 2 hours to obtain a reaction solution; filtering the reaction liquid, cleaning, placing the filter cake in a drying oven at 100 ℃ for drying for 24h, and grinding to obtain the organobentonite with the granularity of 400-600 meshes;
the preparation method of the low-temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for the alpine regions comprises the following process steps: adding the substrate asphalt into a high-speed shearing machine, heating to 190-.
10. The method for preparing low temperature resistant modified asphalt suitable for alpine regions according to claim 9, wherein the base asphalt is No. 70 base asphalt; the cationic surfactant is one of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
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