CN113105597A - Preparation process of aliphatic water reducer - Google Patents
Preparation process of aliphatic water reducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113105597A CN113105597A CN202110369314.9A CN202110369314A CN113105597A CN 113105597 A CN113105597 A CN 113105597A CN 202110369314 A CN202110369314 A CN 202110369314A CN 113105597 A CN113105597 A CN 113105597A
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- aliphatic water
- formaldehyde
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- reducing agent
- water reducer
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000402 conductometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003348 petrochemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037048 polymerization activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamide Chemical compound NS(N)(=O)=O NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G6/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones only
- C08G6/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones only of aldehydes with ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
- C04B24/161—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups
- C04B24/166—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of water reducing agents, in particular to a preparation process of an aliphatic water reducing agent and the aliphatic water reducing agent. The preparation process comprises the following steps: s1: dissolving sodium sulfite in water, adding acetone, fully mixing, then adding 18-22% of the total amount of formaldehyde, controlling the reaction temperature to be less than 45 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5-1 h to obtain a first reactant; s2: dripping 38-41% of the total amount of formaldehyde into the first reactant for 1-1.5 h, controlling the reaction temperature at 45-70 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5-1 h to obtain a second reactant; s3: and dropwise adding the rest formaldehyde into the second reactant for 1-1.5 h, controlling the reaction temperature at 70-97 ℃, keeping the temperature for reacting for 2-3 h after the dropwise adding is finished, and then reducing the temperature to 55-65 ℃ to obtain the aliphatic water reducer. The aliphatic water reducer prepared by the method has excellent dispersing performance.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of water reducing agents, in particular to a preparation process of an aliphatic water reducing agent and the aliphatic water reducing agent.
Background
The aliphatic water reducing agent is a polycondensate prepared from acetone, formaldehyde and sodium sulfite as raw materials, and compared with a common naphthalene water reducing agent, the aliphatic water reducing agent has the advantages of simple production process, no residue, high saturated doping amount and more outstanding water reducing performance.
HSO generated by sodium sulfite after hydrolysis3 -With OH-,OH-The catalyst is used for catalyzing the polymerization of formaldehyde and acetone, so that the reaction rate is improved; HSO3 -The sulfonated polymer is used as a sulfonating agent to promote the sulfonation of the polymer so as to improve the water reducing performance of the water reducing agent product. However at OH-Under the catalysis of the formaldehyde and acetone, the polymerization speed of the formaldehyde and the acetone is high, the reaction is difficult to control, the molecular weight of the water reducing agent product is easy to reduce, and the dispersion performance is easy to reduce.
Content of application
In order to solve the problems of low molecular weight and poor dispersing performance of the aliphatic water reducing agent caused by excessively high polymerization speed of the aliphatic water reducing agent, the application provides a preparation process of the aliphatic water reducing agent and the aliphatic water reducing agent.
In a first aspect, the preparation process of the aliphatic water reducer provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation process of an aliphatic water reducing agent comprises the following steps:
s1: dissolving sodium sulfite in water, adding acetone, fully mixing, then adding 18-22% of the total amount of formaldehyde, controlling the reaction temperature to be less than 45 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5-1 h to obtain a first reactant;
s2: dripping 38-41% of the total amount of formaldehyde into the first reactant for 1-1.5 h, controlling the reaction temperature at 45-70 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5-1 h to obtain a second reactant;
s3: and dropwise adding the rest formaldehyde into the second reactant for 1-1.5 h, controlling the reaction temperature at 70-97 ℃, keeping the temperature for reacting for 2-3 h after the dropwise adding is finished, and then reducing the temperature to 55-65 ℃ to obtain the aliphatic water reducer.
At OH-Under the catalytic action of the catalyst, if all formaldehyde and acetone are directly mixed and reacted, the polymerization rate is too high, the temperature rise is too high, the polymerization time is short, and the prepared polymer is promoted to have lower relative molecular weight, so that the dispersion effect is reduced. In the application, the polymerization rate of the acetone and the formaldehyde can be effectively reduced by adding the formaldehyde three times and correspondingly controlling the reaction temperature in the polymerization process,the molecular weight of the polymer can be linearly increased, the polymer is stably polymerized into a macromolecular structure, and the dispersing performance of the finally prepared aliphatic water reducing agent is guaranteed.
Preferably, the aliphatic water reducing agent is obtained by polymerizing the following raw materials in parts by mass:
acetone: 9-12 parts of a solvent;
formaldehyde: 26-30 parts;
sodium sulfite: 8-15 parts;
water: 10-20 parts.
In the polymerization reaction, if the formaldehyde is excessive, the molecular weight of the polycondensate is easily too high, and the polycondensate is easily intertwined with each other during concrete mixing, so that the adsorption of the polycondensate on the surface of cement particles is influenced, and the dispersibility is reduced; if the amount of formaldehyde is too low, it tends to result in a polycondensate having too low a molecular weight, poor steric hindrance on the cement particles due to its adsorption in surface seconds, and a deterioration in dispersibility. Therefore, the aliphatic water reducing agent with relatively excellent molecular weight can be prepared by adopting a proper proportion so as to ensure the dispersing performance of the aliphatic water reducing agent.
Preferably, only 30-45% of the total amount of sodium sulfite is added in step S1, and the remaining sodium sulfite is added prior to formaldehyde in step S2.
Sodium sulfite is added in sections, so that the polymerization rate can be effectively reduced, the polymerization time is prolonged, and the aliphatic water reducing agent with better dispersibility is prepared; meanwhile, the sulfonation degree of the polymer is improved, and the dispersibility of the aliphatic water reducing agent is further improved.
Preferably, the raw material of the aliphatic water reducing agent further comprises 13-18 parts by mass of sulfamic acid and 10-13 parts by mass of urea; and the sulfamic acid and urea are added dropwise in step S2 or step S2.
In the polymerization reaction, if sodium sulfite is added in excess, OH obtained by hydrolysis-More, higher polymerization activity, easy to cause the polymerization speed too fast; if the sodium sulfite content is too low, HSO obtained by hydrolysis3 -Less, affects the degree of sulfonation of the polymer. Comprehensively considered, the application adopts lower sodium sulfite addition amount, takes the sulfamide as the sulfonating agent and the urea as the catalystThe sulfonation degree of the polymer is further improved by the aid of the plasticizer, and the dispersing performance of the aliphatic water reducing agent is remarkably improved on the premise that the molecular weight of the polymer is guaranteed.
Preferably, the sulfamic acid and the urea are dripped in the step S2, and the dripping time is 1-1.5 h.
According to the method, sulfamic acid and urea are added into the step S2, and because the reaction sites of sulfonation and polycondensation have a competitive relationship, the speed of the polycondensation reaction can be reduced through the sulfonation reaction, so that the method is favorable for finally forming the stable aliphatic water reducing agent with high dispersion performance.
Preferably, when the reaction temperature is 60-66 ℃, sulfamic acid and urea are dripped.
The polymerization reaction is an exothermic reaction, the temperature rises after the formaldehyde is dripped, and when the system temperature reaches 65-70 ℃, the sulfonation reaction is facilitated, so that the effect of inhibiting the polycondensation process is achieved.
Preferably, in step S1, acetone is added at a rotation speed of 70-90 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-45 min.
Under the condition of stirring, acetone can be hydrolyzed with sodium sulfite to generate HSO3 -Fully reacting to obtain the sulfonated substance of acetone, thereby being beneficial to improving the sulfonation degree of the final polymerization product and obtaining the aliphatic water reducing agent with high dispersibility.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the acetone, the formaldehyde and the sodium sulfite is 1:2.85: 1.3.
Experiments show that the aliphatic water reducer prepared according to the proportion has good adaptability to concrete and has outstanding dispersion performance.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an aliphatic water reducing agent, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the aliphatic water reducer is prepared by any one of the preparation processes.
By adopting the preparation process, the aliphatic water reducing agent with more excellent molecular weight and sulfonation degree can be prepared, so that the aliphatic water reducing agent has higher dispersion performance.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the preparation process disclosed by the application adopts a mode of adding the formaldehyde raw material one by one, and controls the temperature of each reaction stage, so that the polymerization speed is effectively reduced, the reaction time is prolonged, and the molecular weight and the dispersion performance of the aliphatic water reducing agent are further improved.
2. According to the preparation process, the sodium sulfite is added gradually, so that the sulfonation degree of the aliphatic water reducing agent is effectively improved and the dispersion performance of the aliphatic water reducing agent is enhanced on the premise of ensuring the polymerization reaction process.
3. According to the preparation process, sulfamic acid and urea are adopted, so that the polymerization rate is effectively inhibited on the premise of early improving the sulfonation degree of a polymerization product, and the dispersion effect of the aliphatic water reducing agent is finally improved.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Examples
Example 1, selection of raw material components and corresponding contents thereof of an aliphatic water reducing agent are shown in table 1, and the aliphatic water reducing agent is prepared according to the following steps:
s1: dissolving 40% of the total amount of sodium sulfite in water, then adding acetone and fully mixing under the condition of the rotating speed of 80rpm, stirring for 30min, adding 21% of the total amount of formaldehyde, raising the temperature of a reaction system to 45 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5h to obtain a first reactant;
s2: adding the rest sodium sulfite into the second reactant, stirring uniformly, dropwise adding 40% of the total amount of formaldehyde for 1.5h, and controlling the temperature of a reaction system by cooling water circulation in the dropwise adding process; meanwhile, in the dropping process, when the temperature of the reaction system reaches 63 ℃, sulfamic acid and urea are dropped into the system, the dropping time is 30min, and after the dropping is finished, the temperature of the reaction system is raised to 70 ℃; keeping the temperature and reacting for 0.5h to obtain a second reactant;
s3: dropwise adding the rest formaldehyde into the second reactant for 1.5h, wherein in the dropwise adding process, the temperature of the reaction system is controlled by cooling water circulation cooling, and after the dropwise adding is finished, the temperature of the reaction system is increased to 97 ℃; and (3) preserving the heat for reacting for 3 hours, and then cooling to 60 ℃ to obtain the aliphatic water reducer.
Examples 2 to 5, an aliphatic water-reducing agent, which is different from example 1 in that the selection of each raw material component and the corresponding content thereof are shown in table 1.
Table 1 selection of the raw material components and their respective amounts (@ kg) in examples 1 to 5
TABLE 2 manufacturer model information of each raw material component
Example 6, an aliphatic water-reducing agent, different from example 1, was prepared by the following steps:
s1: dissolving sodium sulfite in water, adding acetone under the condition of the rotation speed of 80rpm, fully mixing, then adding 21 percent of the total amount of formaldehyde, heating a reaction system to 45 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5h to obtain a first reactant;
s2: dripping 40% of the total amount of formaldehyde into the first reactant for 1.5h, circularly cooling by cooling water in the dripping process, after finishing dripping, heating the reaction system to 70 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5h to obtain a second reactant;
s3: and (3) dropwise adding the residual formaldehyde into the second reactant for 1.5h, circularly cooling by cooling water in the dropwise adding process, heating the reaction system to 97 ℃ after dropwise adding is finished, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3h, and then cooling to 60 ℃ to obtain the aliphatic water reducer.
Example 7, an aliphatic water-reducing agent, differs from example 1 in that sodium sulfite is added in its entirety in step S1, and the operation of step S1 is as follows: dissolving all sodium sulfite in water, then adding acetone and fully mixing under the condition of the rotation speed of 80rpm, stirring for 30min, adding 21% of the total amount of formaldehyde, heating the reaction system to 45 ℃, keeping the temperature and reacting for 0.5h, and reacting to obtain a first reactant.
Example 8, an aliphatic water-reducing agent, different from example 1, was prepared by dropping sulfamic acid and urea in step S3 as follows:
s1: dissolving 40% of the total amount of sodium sulfite in water, then adding acetone and fully mixing under the condition of the rotating speed of 80rpm, stirring for 30min, adding 21% of the total amount of formaldehyde, heating a reaction system to 45 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5h to obtain a first reactant;
s2: adding the rest sodium sulfite into a second reactant, stirring uniformly, dropwise adding 40% of the total amount of formaldehyde for 1.5h, circularly cooling by cooling water in the dropwise adding process, heating the reaction system to 70 ℃ after dropwise adding, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5h to obtain a second reactant;
s3: dropwise adding the rest formaldehyde into the second reactant for 1.5h, and circularly cooling by cooling water in the dropwise adding process; and after the formaldehyde is dropwise added, dropwise adding sulfamic acid and urea into the system for 30min, heating the reaction system to 97 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3h, and then cooling to 55 ℃ to obtain the aliphatic water reducer.
Example 9, an aliphatic water-reducing agent, different from example 1, was prepared without dropwise addition of sulfamic acid and urea, and the operation of step S2 was as follows: adding the rest sodium sulfite into a second reactant, stirring uniformly, dropwise adding 40% of the total amount of formaldehyde for 1.5h, circularly cooling by cooling water in the dropwise adding process, heating a reaction system to 70 ℃ after dropwise adding, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5h to obtain a second reactant;
example 10, an aliphatic water-reducing agent, which is different from example 1 in that, in step S2, when the temperature of the reaction system was 70 ℃ after the completion of the addition of formaldehyde, sulfamic acid and urea were further added dropwise.
Example 11, an aliphatic water-reducing agent, differs from example 1 in that in step S2, sulfamic acid and urea are added dropwise when the reaction system temperature is 55 ℃.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1, an aliphatic water-reducing agent, differs from example 6 in that it is prepared by the following steps:
step 1: dissolving sodium sulfite in water, adding acetone under the condition of the rotation speed of 80rpm, fully mixing, then adding 21 percent of the total amount of formaldehyde, heating a reaction system to 45 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5h to obtain a first reactant;
step 2: dropwise adding the rest formaldehyde into the first reactant for 4h, and circularly cooling by cooling water in the reaction process to ensure that the temperature of a reaction system is not more than 97 ℃; after the dropwise addition, heating to 97 ℃, keeping the temperature for reacting for 3 hours, and cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is completed to obtain the aliphatic water reducer.
Comparative example 2, an aliphatic water-reducing agent, differs from example 6 in that it is prepared by the following steps: dissolving sodium sulfite in water, adding acetone under the condition of the rotating speed of 80rpm, fully mixing, then beginning to dropwise add formaldehyde for 5 hours, and circularly cooling by cooling water in the reaction process to ensure that the temperature of a reaction system does not exceed 97 ℃; after the dropwise addition, heating to 97 ℃, keeping the temperature for reacting for 3 hours, and cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is completed to obtain the aliphatic water reducer.
Comparative example 3 aliphatic water reducer from southbound tomb petrochemicals.
Performance test
Test 1: aliphatic water reducing agent dispersion performance test
Test samples: aliphatic water reducing agents prepared in examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 3.
The test method comprises the following steps: at 10 kg: 3.9 kg: 12.9 kg: 28.8 kg of cement, water, sand and macadam were mixed, 0.05 kg of a test sample (aliphatic water reducer) was added, and after mixing uniformly, the 28-day compressive strength was measured. The determination method is determined according to GB/T17671-1999 cement mortar strength test method, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
Test raw materials: the cement is composite portland cement (P.O42.5); the average grain diameter of the sand is 0.3mm, and the fineness modulus is 3; the macadam is natural macadam with 5-20 mm continuous gradation; the sand is medium sand, the fineness modulus is 2.6, the apparent density is 2650kg/m3, and the mud content is less than 1.0%.
Test 2: aliphatic water reducing agent sulfonation degree test
Test samples: aliphatic water reducing agents prepared in examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 3.
The test method comprises the following steps: the test was carried out according to the conductometric titration method of SY/T5242-1991, method for measuring sulfo content in treating agent for drilling fluid, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 aliphatic water-reducing agent dispersion and sulfonation degree test results
And (3) analyzing test results:
(1) by combining 1-11 and comparative examples 1-3 and combining table 3, it can be seen that the dispersibility of the aliphatic water reducing agent can be improved by adopting a preparation process of adding formaldehyde in stages and controlling the reaction temperature of each stage, so that the strength performance of the concrete is enhanced. The reason for this may be that the staged addition facilitates control of the polymerization rate of formaldehyde and acetone, and prolongs the polymerization time to obtain an aliphatic water-reducing agent with a large molecular weight, which is adsorbed on the surface of cement particles to form a water-reducing agent layer, thereby achieving dispersion of the cement particles through electrostatic repulsion and space resistance, effectively reducing the flocculation structure, improving fluidity, promoting the hydration process of the cement particles, and improving the strength of the concrete.
The aliphatic water reducer prepared by the preparation method has a large molecular weight, and can generate stronger and more stable electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance effects, so that the strength performance of concrete is promoted to be improved.
(2) By combining the examples 1 and 4-5 and combining the table 3, it can be seen that the aliphatic water reducing agent prepared by using the acetone, formaldehyde and sodium sulfite in a mass ratio of 1:2.85:1.3 has good dispersibility, thereby being beneficial to enhancing the strength performance of concrete. The reason for this may be that the appropriate proportions result in a water reducing agent product of appropriate molecular weight.
(3) By combining the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 7 and combining the table 3, it can be seen that the preparation process adopts a way of adding sodium sulfite by stages, which is beneficial to improving the dispersing performance of the water reducing agent, thereby promoting the increase of the strength performance of the concrete. The reason for this is probably that sodium sulfite is added in sections, which can reduce the polymerization rate, prolong the polymerization time, and prepare the aliphatic water reducing agent with larger molecular weight and better dispersibility; meanwhile, the method is beneficial to the full implementation of sulfonation reaction, and the aim of improving the dispersibility is fulfilled.
(4) As can be seen from the combination of example 1 and examples 8 to 9 and table 3, in example 1, sulfamic acid and urea were added in step S2, in example 8, sulfamic acid and urea were added in step S3, and in example 9, sulfamic acid and urea were not added; the strength performance and the sulfonation degree of the concrete prepared by the embodiment 1 are higher than those of the concrete prepared by the embodiment 8 and the embodiment 9. Therefore, the addition of sulfamic acid and urea in step S2 is beneficial to improving the dispersing performance of the water reducing agent.
The reason for this is probably that the sulfonation degree of the polymer can be effectively improved by using sulfamic acid as a sulfonating agent and urea as a catalyst; compared with sodium sulfite, the method does not introduce OH-Leading to the rapid increase of the polymerization rate, and obviously improving the sulfonation degree of the aliphatic water reducing agent on the premise of preparing the aliphatic reducing agent with larger molecular weight, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the dispersion performance. In addition, the addition in step S2 can suppress the polymerization rate, extend the polymerization time, and further improve the dispersibility of the water-reducing agent product, as compared with the addition in step S3.
(5) By combining the examples 1 and 10 to 11 and combining the table 3, it can be seen that in the step S2, when the temperature of the reaction system reaches 65 to 70 ℃, sulfamic acid and urea are added, which is beneficial to improving the dispersion water-reducing performance of the water-reducing agent product. The reason for this may be that under such temperature conditions, the sulfonation reaction is facilitated, and the polymerization reaction is inhibited from proceeding, thereby improving the dispersion of the water-reducing agent product.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation process of an aliphatic water reducing agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dissolving sodium sulfite in water, adding acetone, fully mixing, then adding 18-22% of the total amount of formaldehyde, controlling the reaction temperature to be less than 45 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5-1 h to obtain a first reactant;
s2: dripping 38-41% of the total amount of formaldehyde into the first reactant for 1-1.5 h, controlling the reaction temperature at 45-70 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5-1 h to obtain a second reactant;
s3: and dropwise adding the rest formaldehyde into the second reactant for 1-1.5 h, controlling the reaction temperature at 70-97 ℃, keeping the temperature for reacting for 2-3 h after the dropwise adding is finished, and then reducing the temperature to 55-65 ℃ to obtain the aliphatic water reducer.
2. The preparation process of the aliphatic water reducer according to claim 1, wherein the aliphatic water reducer is obtained by polymerizing the following raw materials in parts by mass:
acetone: 9-12 parts of a solvent;
formaldehyde: 26-30 parts;
sodium sulfite: 8-15 parts;
water: 10-20 parts.
3. The preparation process of the aliphatic water reducer according to claim 1, wherein only 30-45% of the total amount of sodium sulfite is added in step S1, and the rest sodium sulfite is added before formaldehyde in step S2.
4. The preparation process of the aliphatic water reducer according to claim 2, wherein the raw materials of the aliphatic water reducer further comprise 13-18 parts by mass of sulfamic acid and 10-13 parts by mass of urea; and the sulfamic acid and urea are added dropwise in step S2 or step S2.
5. The preparation process of the aliphatic water reducer according to claim 4, wherein the sulfamic acid and the urea are added dropwise in step S2 for 1-1.5 hours.
6. The preparation process of the aliphatic water reducer according to claim 5, wherein when the reaction temperature is 60-66 ℃, sulfamic acid and urea are added dropwise.
7. The preparation process of the aliphatic water reducer according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, acetone is added at a rotation speed of 70-90 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-45 min.
8. The preparation process of the aliphatic water reducer according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of acetone, formaldehyde and sodium sulfite is 1:2.85: 1.3.
9. An aliphatic water reducing agent, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation process of any one of claims 1-8.
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