Rat mouth gag
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of auxiliary instruments for animal medical experiments, and particularly relates to a rat mouth gag.
Background
At present, when the experiment of the oral cavity and the maxillofacial region of a rat is carried out, the oral cavity of an animal needs to be opened and positioned, and the traditional opening method adopts a simple fly rope or a self-made steel wire ring and the like to open and fix the front and rear teeth or the upper and lower jaws of the rat. However, the conventional opening method uses a simple apparatus, which causes inconvenience to laboratory workers. On one hand, the oral cavity space of the rat is relatively small, the operation visual field and the operation space are limited, the head of the rat moves left and right in the implementation process, and the opening area is large and small, so that the operation accuracy is reduced. On the other hand, the opening device and the rat are not fixed at proper positions and need to be manually fixed by an experiment worker, so that the difficulty of experiment operation is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the rat mouth gag used at present, the invention discloses a rat mouth gag which can realize simultaneous distraction of the front and back teeth, the upper jaw and the lower jaw of a rat, the distraction distance of each direction can be independently adjusted, and the position of the rat and the positioning of a mouth gag can be realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a rat mouth gag comprises a base, a forward mouth gag, a lateral mouth gag and a rat fixing plate;
the base is a rectangular groove body, the left side and the right side of the top surface of the base are symmetrically provided with mouth gag bases, and the upper side and the lower side of the top surface of the base are also symmetrically provided with mouth gag bases; the mouth gag base is a cuboid and is vertically arranged on the top surface of the base, a rectangular through hole I is formed in the upper end of the mouth gag base, a U-shaped groove is formed in the middle of the mouth gag base, a circular through hole II is formed in the side surface of the U-shaped groove, and the through hole II penetrates through two side surfaces of the U-shaped groove;
the forward mouth gag comprises a rack I and a gear I, wherein the gear I is arranged below the rack I and is meshed with the rack I, a rotating shaft I is arranged in the middle of the gear I, a knob I is arranged on the end face of the rotating shaft I, a rectangular through hole III is formed in one end of the rack I, a circular through hole IV is formed in the side face of the through hole III, and the through hole IV penetrates through two side faces of the through hole III; one end of the through hole III is vertically provided with a rack II, and the middle part of the through hole III is provided with a gear II; the rack II is meshed with the gear II, the back surface of the rack II is in contact with the inner wall of the through hole III, and the lower end of the rack II is provided with a fixed rod; a rotating shaft II is arranged in the middle of the gear II, and a knob II is arranged on the end face of the rotating shaft II; the forward mouth gag is arranged on the mouth gag bases on the upper side and the lower side of the base, wherein one end of a rack I penetrates through a through hole I, and a gear I penetrates through a through hole II through a rotating shaft I and is arranged in a U-shaped groove;
the side mouth gag comprises a rack I and a gear I, wherein the gear I is arranged below the rack I and is meshed with the rack I, a rotating shaft I is arranged in the middle of the gear I, a knob I is arranged on the end face of the rotating shaft I, a rectangular through hole III is formed in one end of the rack I, a circular through hole IV is formed in the side face of the through hole III, and the through hole IV penetrates through two side faces of the through hole III; one end of the through hole III is vertically provided with a rack II, and the middle part of the through hole III is provided with a gear II; the rack II is meshed with the gear II, the back surface of the rack II is in mutual contact with the inner wall of the through hole III, and the lower end of the rack II is provided with a fixing plate; a rotating shaft II is arranged in the middle of the gear II, and a knob II is arranged on the end face of the rotating shaft II; the side mouth gag is arranged on the mouth gag bases on the left side and the right side of the base, wherein one end of a rack I penetrates through a through hole I, and a gear I penetrates through a through hole II through a rotating shaft I and is arranged in a U-shaped groove;
the rat fixing plate is obliquely arranged in the middle of the base, the chest fixing belt and the leg fixing belt are arranged on the top surface, the supporting rod is arranged on the bottom surface, one end of the supporting rod is connected with the rat fixing plate, and the other end of the supporting rod is connected with the base.
The forward mouth gag is used for supporting the front and rear teeth of a rat; on one hand, the knob I can control the fixed rod to translate in the horizontal direction so as to control the spreading distance of front and rear teeth of a rat, and on the other hand, the knob II can control the fixed rod to translate in the vertical direction so as to conveniently adjust the position of the fixed rod in the oral cavity of the rat; the lateral mouth gag is used for supporting the cheeks at two sides of a rat; on the one hand, can control the fixed plate through knob I at the horizontal direction translation, and then the distance that the control rat both sides cheek strutted, on the other hand can control the fixed plate through knob II at vertical direction translation, conveniently adjusts the degree of depth that the fixed plate got into the rat oral cavity.
Preferably, the side surface of the base is provided with a through hole V. The arrangement of the through hole V can save materials and increase the ventilation of the rat mouth gag.
Preferably, the fixing rod is cylindrical. The fixing rod is cylindrical, and the rat can not be injured in the process of propping open and fixing the front and rear teeth of the rat.
Preferably, the front end of the fixing plate is ellipsoidal. The front end of the fixing plate is in an ellipsoidal shape, so that the rat can not be injured in the process of opening and fixing the cheek of the rat.
Preferably, the chest fixing strap is divided into two straps, and the shape of the chest fixing strap is X-shaped. The chest fixed band divide into two, and the shape is X type can prevent that the rat from following rat fixed plate landing in the fixed rat's of shape.
Preferably, when the rat fixing plate is obliquely arranged at the middle part of the base, the included angle between the rat fixing plate and the base is 30-45 degrees, the rat fixing plate is convenient to operate in the process of fixing the rat, and the visual field is wide.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
firstly, translating a forward mouth gag and a lateral mouth gag towards a direction far away from a rat fixing plate through a knob I, then placing a rat on the rat fixing plate with the head part facing upwards, and fixing the rat on the rat fixing plate by using a chest fixing band and a leg fixing band; then, the fixing rod and the fixing plate are translated upwards to a height higher than the mouth of the rat through the knob II, and then the fixing rod and the fixing plate are translated right above the mouth of the rat through the knob I; finally, earlier through knob II with the dead lever translation down to with the front and back tooth of dead lever clamping rat, through knob I with the dead lever towards the direction translation of keeping away from the rat, vertically strut the mouth of rat, at this moment again through knob II with the fixed plate translation down, and with the inner wall of the left and right cheek of dead lever clamping rat, through knob I with the fixed plate towards the direction translation of keeping away from the rat, transversely strut the mouth of rat.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the forward mouth gag and the lateral mouth gag control the fixed rod and the fixed rod through the gear and the rack, can realize horizontal and vertical translational motion, can be independently adjusted in each direction, can simultaneously prop open the front and rear teeth, the upper jaw and the lower jaw of a rat, and has the advantages of simple operation and wide application range; meanwhile, the mouth gag base can realize the positioning of the mouth gag and the lateral mouth gag, and the rat fixing plate can realize the positioning of the position of the rat, so that the manual operation is not needed, and the operation flow is simplified.
2. The side surface of the base is provided with the through hole V, and the arrangement of the through hole V can save materials and increase the ventilation of the mouth gag.
3. The fixing rod of the forward mouth gag is cylindrical, the fixing plate of the lateral mouth gag is ellipsoidal, a rat cannot be injured in the process of opening and fixing the cheek of the rat, and the use is safe.
4. The chest fixing band is divided into two X-shaped chest fixing bands, and the two X-shaped chest fixing bands can prevent rats from sliding off the rat fixing plate in the rat fixing process, so that the use is reliable.
5. The included angle between the rat fixing plate and the base is 30-45 degrees, so that the rat fixing device is convenient to operate in the process of fixing the rat on the rat fixing plate, and the visual field is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a base and a rat fixing plate of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a side view of the base and rat immobilization plate of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the forward mouth gag of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the forward mouth gag of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the side mouth gag of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the side-port of the present invention.
The attached drawings are as follows: 1-base, 2-positive mouth gag, 3-lateral mouth gag, 4-rat fixing plate, 5-mouth gag base, 6-U-shaped groove, 7-chest fixing plate, 8-through hole II, 9-through hole I, 10-supporting rod, 11-leg fixing plate, 12-rack I, 13-knob II, 14-rack II, 15-fixing rod, 16-through hole III, 17-gear I, 18-knob I, 19-fixing plate, 20-rotating shaft I, 21-through hole V, 22-rotating shaft II, 23-through hole IV and 24-gear II.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Example 1:
a rat mouth gag as shown in fig. 1, comprising a base 1, a forward mouth gag 2, a lateral mouth gag 3 and a rat fixing plate 4;
the base 1 is a rectangular groove body, the mouth gag bases 5 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the top surface of the base 1, and the mouth gag bases 5 are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the top surface of the base 1; the mouth gag base 5 is a cuboid and is vertically arranged on the top surface of the base 1, a rectangular through hole I9 is formed in the upper end of the mouth gag base, a U-shaped groove 6 is formed in the middle of the mouth gag base, a circular through hole II 8 is formed in the side surface of the U-shaped groove 6, and the through hole II 8 penetrates through two side surfaces of the U-shaped groove 6;
the forward mouth gag 2 comprises a rack I12 and a gear I17, wherein the gear I17 is arranged below the rack I12 and is meshed with the rack I12, a rotating shaft I20 is arranged in the middle of the gear I17, a knob I18 is arranged on the end face of the rotating shaft I20, a rectangular through hole III 16 is arranged at one end of the rack I12, a circular through hole IV 23 is arranged on the side face of the through hole III 16, and the through hole IV 23 penetrates through two side faces of the through hole III 16; one end of the through hole III 16 is vertically provided with a rack II 14, and the middle part of the through hole is provided with a gear II 24; the rack II 14 is meshed with the gear II 24, the back surface of the rack II is in contact with the inner wall of the through hole III 16, and the lower end of the rack II is provided with a fixing rod 15; a rotating shaft II 22 is arranged in the middle of the gear II 24, and a knob II 13 is arranged on the end face of the rotating shaft II 22; the forward mouth gag 2 is arranged on the mouth gag base 5 on the upper side and the lower side of the base 1, wherein one end of a rack I12 penetrates through a through hole I9, and a gear I17 penetrates through a through hole II 8 through a rotating shaft I20 and is arranged in a U-shaped groove 6; the forward mouth gag 2 is used for supporting the front and rear teeth of a rat; on one hand, the fixing rod 15 can be controlled to translate in the horizontal direction through the knob I18, so that the opening distance of front and rear teeth of a rat is controlled, on the other hand, the fixing rod 15 can be controlled to translate in the vertical direction through the knob II 13, and the position of the fixing rod 15 in the oral cavity of the rat is conveniently adjusted;
the lateral mouth gag 3 comprises a rack I12 and a gear I17, wherein the gear I17 is arranged below the rack I12 and is meshed with the rack I12, a rotating shaft I20 is arranged in the middle of the gear I17, a knob I18 is arranged on the end face of the rotating shaft I20, a rectangular through hole III 16 is arranged at one end of the rack I12, a circular through hole IV 23 is arranged on the side face of the through hole III 16, and the through hole IV 23 penetrates through two side faces of the through hole III 16; one end of the through hole III 16 is vertically provided with a rack II 14, and the middle part of the through hole is provided with a gear II 24; the rack II 14 is meshed with the gear II 24, the back surface of the rack II is contacted with the inner wall of the through hole III 16, and the lower end of the rack II is provided with a fixing plate 19; a rotating shaft II 22 is arranged in the middle of the gear II 24, and a knob II 13 is arranged on the end face of the rotating shaft II 22; the lateral mouth gag 3 is arranged on the mouth gag base 5 on the left side and the right side of the base 1, wherein one end of a rack I12 penetrates through a through hole I9, and a gear I17 penetrates through a through hole II 8 through a rotating shaft I20 and is arranged in the U-shaped groove 6; the lateral mouth gag 3 is used for supporting the cheeks at two sides of a rat; on one hand, the fixing plate 19 can be controlled to translate in the horizontal direction through the knob I18, so that the opening distance of cheeks on two sides of a rat is controlled, on the other hand, the fixing plate 19 can be controlled to translate in the vertical direction through the knob II 13, and the depth of the fixing plate 19 entering the oral cavity of the rat is conveniently adjusted;
the rat fixing plate 4 is obliquely arranged in the middle of the base 1, the chest fixing belt 7 and the leg fixing belts 11 are arranged on the top surface, the supporting rod 10 is arranged on the bottom surface, one end of the supporting rod 10 is connected with the rat fixing plate 4, and the other end of the supporting rod is connected with the base 1.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, the forward mouth gag 2 and the lateral mouth gag 3 are translated towards the direction far away from the rat fixing plate 4 through the knob I18, then the rat is placed on the rat fixing plate 4 with the head facing upwards, and the rat is fixed on the rat fixing plate 4 by the chest fixing strap 7 and the leg fixing strap 11; then, the fixing rod 15 and the fixing plate 19 are translated upwards to a height higher than the mouth of the rat through the knob II 13, and then the fixing rod 15 and the fixing plate 19 are translated to a position right above the mouth of the rat through the knob I18; finally, firstly, the fixing rod 15 is translated downwards through the knob II 13, front teeth and rear teeth of a rat are clamped by the fixing rod 15, then the fixing rod 15 is translated towards the direction far away from the rat through the knob I18, the mouth of the rat is longitudinally stretched, at the moment, the fixing plate 19 is translated downwards through the knob II 13, the fixing rod 15 is clamped on the inner walls of the left cheek and the right cheek of the rat, then the fixing plate 19 is translated towards the direction far away from the rat through the knob I18, and the mouth of the rat is transversely stretched.
Example 2:
the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the side surface of the base 1 is provided with a through hole V21, and the arrangement of the through hole V21 can save materials and increase the ventilation of the rat mouth gag.
The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1.
Example 3:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 2 in that the fixing rod 15 is cylindrical, and the fixing rod 15 is cylindrical so as not to injure the rat during the process of spreading and fixing the front and rear teeth of the rat.
The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1.
Example 4:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 3 in that the front end of the fixing plate 19 is ellipsoidal, and the oval front end of the fixing plate 19 does not hurt the rat in the process of expanding and fixing the cheek of the rat.
The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1.
Example 5:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 4 in that the chest fixing band 7 is divided into two parts, which are X-shaped, and the chest fixing band 7 is divided into two parts, which are X-shaped to prevent the rat from slipping off the rat fixing plate 4 during the rat fixing process.
The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1.
Example 6:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that when the rat fixing plate 4 is obliquely arranged at the middle of the base 1, the rat fixing plate 4 forms an angle of 30 ° with the base 1.
Example 7:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that, when the rat fixing plate 4 is obliquely arranged at the middle of the base 1, the rat fixing plate 4 forms an angle of 45 ° with the base 1.
The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1.
Example 8:
this embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that when the rat fixing plate 4 is obliquely arranged at the middle of the base 1, the rat fixing plate 4 forms an angle of 40 ° with the base 1.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made thereto by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.