CN113100445A - White kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing grease as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
White kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing grease as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113100445A CN113100445A CN202110338799.5A CN202110338799A CN113100445A CN 113100445 A CN113100445 A CN 113100445A CN 202110338799 A CN202110338799 A CN 202110338799A CN 113100445 A CN113100445 A CN 113100445A
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L11/30—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances
- A23L11/33—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances using enzymes; Enzymatic transformation of pulses or legumes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-activity heat-resistant white kidney bean amylase inhibitor, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of nutrition and health. The method comprises the steps of taking a mixed material of white kidney bean dregs and bean skins as a raw material, passivating anti-nutritional factors in the white kidney bean dregs through a radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure composite physical field, preparing white kidney bean nanocellulose through combined modification of mechanical ball milling and directional enzymolysis, and enriching the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil through Pickering emulsion. The white kidney bean cellulose prepared by the method has high biosafety and strong adsorption effect on grease and lipase, can be widely applied to the fields of common food, health-care food, special medical application formula food, medicines and the like, and provides a new solution for crowd food such as obesity, diabetes and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to white kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing grease as well as a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of nutrition and health.
Background
With the increasing number of patients suffering from obesity, cardiovascular diseases and the like, people pay more and more attention to dietary fibers known as 'the seventh major nutrient'. Dietary fiber is a carbohydrate polymer consisting of ten or more monomers that is not absorbed by enzymatic digestion in the small intestine. The dietary fiber has the beneficial physiological effects of reducing blood fat and blood sugar, relieving obesity, promoting intestinal health, etc.
The nano cellulose fiber is a novel dietary fiber, not only has the basic structure and performance of the dietary fiber, but also has the related attributes of nanoparticles, such as extremely large specific surface area and super strong adsorption capacity, so that the novel dietary fiber is endowed with new characteristics. The white kidney bean dregs and bean skins are byproducts after the white kidney bean alpha-amylase inhibitor is extracted, and the content of dietary fibers of the white kidney bean dregs and the bean skins can reach more than 50 percent. However, the white kidney bean dregs are mostly used for feed or fertilizer and do not really exert the value. The preparation of the novel dietary fiber by utilizing the white kidney bean dregs is beneficial to adding new healthy raw materials for the food industry and creating greater economic value and social value.
The dietary fiber has a certain adsorption effect on grease due to the existence of hydrophobic groups, but has a limited oil holding capacity due to small specific surface area and the like. Such as: montmorillonites and the like (different processing conditions affect the quality and physicochemical properties of millet dietary fiber, grains and grease, 2020) prepare the millet dietary fiber by different methods, but the highest oil holding capacity is only 2.5g/g (oil/millet dietary fiber); the jasper is prepared into wheat bran dietary fiber, and the oil retention capacity of the wheat bran dietary fiber is 2.38g/g (oil/wheat bran dietary fiber). Compared with common dietary fibers, the nano-cellulose has larger specific surface area, accessibility and surface activity, so that the nano-cellulose has stronger constraint effect on grease, is applied to the field of nutrition and health food as novel dietary fibers, exerts excellent characteristics of the novel dietary fibers, avoids the digestion and absorption of excessive grease, can absorb cholate, promotes the gastrointestinal peristalsis, shortens the gastric emptying time, and is favorable for adjusting intestinal flora.
In conclusion, the research and development of the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing the grease is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention develops the white kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing the grease, and the preparation method and the application thereof, and the white kidney bean nano-cellulose which is high in biological safety and has good binding capacity on the grease is prepared.
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a preparation method of white kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing grease, which specifically comprises the following steps:
white kidney bean dry matter is used as a raw material, and the white kidney bean dry matter is bean dregs and/or bean skins of the white kidney beans. Performing radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure treatment on crushed and sieved white kidney bean dry substances, passivating anti-nutritional factors in the white kidney bean dry substances, performing enzymolysis impurity removal and centrifugal precipitation through protease and carbohydrase to obtain a white kidney bean fiber powder crude extract, drying the white kidney bean fiber powder crude extract, performing mechanical ball milling and nanocrystallization oriented enzymolysis to obtain a white kidney bean nano cellulose solution, preparing Pickering emulsion by using the white kidney bean nano cellulose solution, standing the white kidney bean nano cellulose solution, removing lower precipitate, performing high-speed centrifugal demulsification, removing oil, concentrating and drying a water phase, and enriching to obtain the white kidney bean nano cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil.
According to the method, the white kidney bean nano-cellulose with high biological safety and good oil binding capacity is prepared by processes of passivating anti-nutritional factors in white kidney bean dry matters through a radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure composite physical field, preparing the white kidney bean nano-cellulose with high specific surface area through mechanical ball milling and nano-oriented enzymolysis combined modification, enriching the white kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil through Pickering emulsion, and the like.
Firstly, a method for preparing white kidney bean nano cellulose without anti-nutritional factors is adopted, the anti-nutritional factors are passivated by a composite physical field, and the white kidney bean cellulose is obtained by combined modification of a mechanical method and an enzymolysis method, and the specific scheme is as follows:
(1-1) crushing the white kidney bean dry matter, sieving the crushed white kidney bean dry matter with a 60-mesh sieve, and treating the crushed white kidney bean dry matter with radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure equipment.
(1-2) dispersing the white kidney bean dry matter obtained in the step (1-1) in deionized water, adjusting the pH to be weakly acidic, adding alpha-amylase and saccharifying enzyme, and stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours; and then adjusting the pH value to be alkalescent, adding alkaline protease and fungal protease into the alkalescent, continuously stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours, and finally centrifuging, taking the precipitate and drying to obtain the crude extract of the white kidney bean fiber powder.
And (1-3) treating the crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract obtained in the step (1-2) through ball milling equipment, dispersing the crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract in deionized water, adding cellulase and xylanase, stirring, and performing nanocrystallization directional enzymolysis for 4 hours to obtain a white kidney bean nanocellulose solution.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the radio frequency treatment conditions in the step (1-1) are 20 to 100kW of power, 27.12MHz in frequency, and 40 to 100s in time.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the ultrahigh pressure treatment condition in the step (1-1) is 200MPa and 600MPa for 20-100 min.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ratio of white kidney bean dry matter to water in the step (1-2) is 1 (10-20) (w/w); wherein the total adding amount of the alpha-amylase and the saccharifying enzyme is 0.6-1% (w/w) of the reaction system, and the total adding amount of the alkaline protease and the fungal protease is 0.3-0.6% (w/w) of the reaction system.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the weakly acidic pH in step (1-2) is 5.5 to 6.8, and the weakly basic pH is 7.5 to 8.5.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the centrifugation conditions in the step (1-2) are centrifugal force of 2000-5000g, and the centrifugation time is 10-15 min.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical ball milling conditions in the step (1-3) are a ball-to-material ratio of 1: (1-10) (w/w), the treatment frequency is 200-600r/min, and the treatment time is 10-60 min.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract subjected to mechanical ball milling in the step (1-3) to water is 1 (10-20) (w/v).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of xylanase to cellulase in step (1-3) is 1: (5-10) (w/w), and the total adding amount of the two complex enzymes is 0.5-1% (w/w) of the total system. .
Secondly, a preparation method of the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing the grease is used, the Pickering emulsion is used for enriching the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing the grease, and the specific scheme is as follows:
(2-1) adding a certain proportion of white kidney bean nano cellulose solution into deionized water to serve as a water phase, slowly adding an oil phase into the water phase, and continuously homogenizing the mixture by using a high-speed disperser.
(2-2) standing for 24h, removing lower precipitates, performing high-speed centrifugal demulsification, removing oil, concentrating and drying a water phase, and enriching to obtain the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the white kidney bean nanocellulose solution in the aqueous phase in the step (2-1) is 10-15% (w/w) of the aqueous phase.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the water phase to the oil phase in the step (2-1) is 7: (1-3) (w/w), the oil phase comprises edible vegetable oil including soybean oil.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the shearing rotation speed of the high speed disperser in the step (2-1) is 15000-.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the shearing time of the high speed disperser in the step (2-1) is 15 to 30 min.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the centrifugation speed in step (2-2) is 10000-12000 g.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the centrifugation time in the step (2-2) is 20 to 30 min.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the drying method in the step (2-2) is any one of atmospheric drying, vacuum drying or freeze drying.
The invention also aims to provide the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing the grease, which is prepared by the method.
The invention also aims to apply the white kidney bean nano-cellulose in the fields of preparing common foods, health-care foods, special medical application formula foods, medicines and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method, the anti-nutritional factors in the white kidney bean dry matter are passivated through a radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure composite physical field, the industrial efficiency is high, and the prepared product is high in safety.
(2) According to the method, the white kidney bean nano-cellulose with a high specific surface area is prepared through combined modification of mechanical ball milling and directional enzymolysis, the combined modification enables the white kidney bean cellulose to be nanocrystallized, and meanwhile, the method is environment-friendly and pollution-free.
(3) According to the invention, the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil is enriched by the Pickering emulsion.
(4) The white kidney bean nano-cellulose prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has a high binding effect on grease, uses food-grade raw materials, and can be applied to the food fields of common foods, health-care foods, special medical application formula foods, medicines and the like. The food additive can obviously reduce the digestion and absorption of grease, and provides a new solution for the crowds with obesity, weight management, hyperlipidemia and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of better illustrating the invention and is not intended to limit the invention thereto.
In the following examples, the amounts are in parts by weight unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil and its preparation method are provided. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) crushing white kidney bean dry matter, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, and treating the white kidney bean dry matter by using a radio frequency physical field, wherein the radio frequency power is set to be 50kW, the frequency is set to be 27.12MHz, and the treatment time is set to be 60 s; and then carrying out ultrahigh pressure treatment on the white kidney bean dry matter subjected to radio frequency treatment, wherein the pressure is set to be 400Mpa, and the treatment time is 50 min.
(2) Dispersing 100 parts of white kidney bean dry matter obtained in the step (1) in 1000 parts of deionized water, adjusting the pH to 6.2, adding 5 parts of alpha-amylase and 3 parts of saccharifying enzyme, and stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours; and then adjusting the pH value of the enzymolysis liquid to 8, adding 3 parts of alkaline protease and 3 parts of fungal protease, continuing stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours, and finally centrifuging (3000g for 10min) to obtain a precipitate and drying the precipitate to obtain the crude extract of the white kidney bean fiber powder.
(3) And (3) treating the crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract obtained in the step (2) by using ball milling equipment, adding 5 parts of grinding balls and 50 parts of crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract into a ball mill, and setting the treatment frequency to be 400r/min and the treatment time to be 30 min. And then, dispersing 20 parts of the crude extract of the ball-milled white kidney bean fiber powder in 200 parts of deionized water, adding 1.8 parts of cellulase and 0.2 part of xylanase, stirring and performing enzymolysis for 4 hours to obtain a white kidney bean nano-cellulose solution.
(4) Adding 15 parts of white kidney bean nano cellulose solution into 100 parts of deionized water as a water phase, slowly adding 30 parts of soybean oil into the water phase, and continuously homogenizing the soybean oil by using a high-speed disperser, wherein the high-speed shearing rotating speed is 18000r/min, and the high-speed shearing time is 20 min.
(5) Standing for 24h, removing the lower precipitate, and performing high-speed centrifugation (11000g, 25min) to demulsify. Demulsifying, removing the upper oil phase, concentrating the water phase, and drying in vacuum to obtain the white kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing the grease.
Example 2
A white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil and its preparation method are provided. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) crushing white kidney bean dry matter, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, and treating the white kidney bean dry matter by using a radio frequency physical field, wherein the radio frequency power is set to be 20kW, the frequency is set to be 27.12MHz, and the treatment time is set to be 40 s; then carrying out ultrahigh pressure treatment on the white kidney bean dry matter subjected to radio frequency treatment, setting the pressure to be 200Mpa, and treating for 20min
(2) Dispersing 80 parts of white kidney bean dry matter obtained in the step (1) into 1200 parts of deionized water, adjusting the pH to 5.5, adding 4 parts of alpha-amylase and 5 parts of saccharifying enzyme, and stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours; and then adjusting the pH value of the enzymolysis liquid to 7.5, adding 2 parts of alkaline protease and 3 parts of fungal protease, continuing stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours, and finally centrifuging (4000g for 12min) to obtain a precipitate and drying the precipitate to obtain the crude extract of the white kidney bean fiber powder.
(3) And (3) treating the crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract obtained in the step (2) by using ball milling equipment, adding 40 parts of grinding balls and 40 parts of crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract into a ball mill, and setting the treatment frequency to be 600r/min and the treatment time to be 60 min. And then dispersing 30 parts of the crude ball-milled white kidney bean fiber powder extract in 300 parts of deionized water, adding 2 parts of cellulase and 0.2 part of xylanase, stirring and performing enzymolysis for 4 hours to obtain a white kidney bean nano cellulose solution.
(4) Adding 20 parts of white kidney bean nano cellulose solution into 200 parts of deionized water as a water phase, slowly adding 35 parts of soybean oil into the water phase, and continuously homogenizing the soybean oil by using a high-speed disperser, wherein the high-speed shearing speed is 15000r/min, and the high-speed shearing time is 30 min.
(5) Standing for 24 hr, removing lower precipitate, and high speed centrifuging (10000g, 20min) to demulsify. Demulsifying, removing the upper oil phase, concentrating the water phase, and drying under normal pressure to obtain the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil.
Example 3
A white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil and its preparation method are provided. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) crushing white kidney bean dry matter, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, and treating the white kidney bean dry matter by using a radio frequency physical field, wherein the power is set to be 100kW, the frequency is set to be 27.12MHz, and the time is set to be 100 s; and then, treating the white kidney bean dry matter by using ultrahigh pressure equipment, wherein the pressure is 600Mpa, and the treatment time is 100 min.
(2) Dispersing 100 parts of white kidney bean dry matter obtained in the step (1) in 2000 parts of deionized water, adjusting the pH to 6.8, adding 8 parts of alpha-amylase and 6 parts of saccharifying enzyme, and stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours; and then adjusting the pH value of the enzymolysis liquid to 8.5, adding 6 parts of alkaline protease and 3 parts of fungal protease, continuously stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours, and finally centrifuging (5000g for 15min) to obtain a precipitate and drying the precipitate to obtain the crude extract of the white kidney bean fiber powder.
(3) And (3) treating the crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract obtained in the step (2) by using ball milling equipment, adding 40 parts of grinding balls and 200 parts of crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract into a ball mill, and setting the treatment frequency to be 200r/min and the treatment time to be 60 min. And then dispersing 18 parts of crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract subjected to ball milling in 180 parts of deionized water, adding 0.9 part of cellulase and 0.1 part of xylanase, and stirring for enzymolysis for 4 hours to obtain a white kidney bean nano-cellulose solution.
(4) Adding 12 parts of white kidney bean nano cellulose solution into 100 parts of deionized water as a water phase, slowly adding 16 parts of soybean oil into the water phase, and continuously homogenizing the soybean oil by using a high-speed disperser, wherein the high-speed shearing speed is 20000r/min, and the high-speed shearing time is 15 min.
(5) Standing for 24h, removing the lower precipitate, and performing high-speed centrifugation (12000g, 25min) to demulsify. Demulsifying, removing the upper oil phase, concentrating the water phase, drying, and freeze-drying to obtain the white kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing the grease.
To better explain the remarkable effects of the present invention, the comparative examples were added as follows:
comparative example 1
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the preparation method in that the white kidney bean nano-cellulose without radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure treatment for inactivating antinutritional factors is prepared by the following specific steps:
(1) crushing white kidney bean dry matter, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, dispersing 100 parts of the obtained white kidney bean dry matter in 1000 parts of deionized water, adjusting the pH to 6.2, adding 5 parts of alpha-amylase and 3 parts of diastase, and stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours; and then adjusting the pH value of the enzymolysis liquid to 8, adding 3 parts of alkaline protease and 3 parts of fungal protease, continuing stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours, and finally centrifuging (3000g for 10min) to obtain a precipitate and drying the precipitate to obtain the crude extract of the white kidney bean fiber powder.
(2) And (3) treating the crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract obtained in the step (2) by using ball milling equipment, adding 5 parts of grinding balls and 50 parts of crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract into a ball mill, and setting the treatment frequency to be 400r/min and the treatment time to be 30 min. And then, dispersing 20 parts of ball-milled white kidney bean fibers in 200 parts of deionized water, adding 1.8 parts of cellulase and 0.2 part of xylanase, stirring and performing enzymolysis for 4 hours to obtain a white kidney bean nano cellulose solution.
(3) Adding 15 parts of white kidney bean nano cellulose solution into 100 parts of deionized water as a water phase, slowly adding 30 parts of soybean oil into the water phase, and continuously homogenizing the soybean oil by using a high-speed disperser, wherein the high-speed shearing rotating speed is 18000r/min, and the high-speed shearing time is 20 min.
(4) Standing for 24h, removing the lower precipitate, and performing high-speed centrifugation (11000g, 25min) to demulsify. And removing the upper oil phase after demulsification, concentrating the water phase, and drying in vacuum to obtain the white kidney bean nanocellulose.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and is different from the preparation method in that the white kidney bean nanocellulose which is not modified by the combination of a ball milling mechanical method and a nanocrystallization oriented enzyme method is prepared, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) crushing white kidney bean dry matter, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, and treating the white kidney bean dry matter by using a radio frequency physical field, wherein the radio frequency power is set to be 50kW, the frequency is set to be 27.12MHz, and the treatment time is set to be 60 s; and then carrying out ultrahigh pressure treatment on the white kidney bean dry matter subjected to radio frequency treatment, wherein the pressure is set to be 400Mpa, and the treatment time is 50 min.
(2) Dispersing 100 parts of white kidney bean dry matter obtained in the step (1) in 1000 parts of deionized water, adjusting the pH to 6.2, adding 5 parts of alpha-amylase and 3 parts of saccharifying enzyme, and stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours; and then adjusting the pH value of the enzymolysis liquid to 8, adding 3 parts of alkaline protease and 3 parts of fungal protease, continuing stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours, and finally centrifuging (3000g for 10min) to obtain a precipitate and drying the precipitate to obtain the crude extract of the white kidney bean fiber powder.
(3) And (3) dispersing 20 parts of the crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract obtained in the step (2) into 200 parts of deionized water to obtain a white kidney bean nano cellulose solution.
(4) Adding 15 parts of white kidney bean nano cellulose solution into 100 parts of deionized water as a water phase, slowly adding 30 parts of soybean oil into the water phase, and continuously homogenizing the soybean oil by using a high-speed disperser, wherein the high-speed shearing rotating speed is 18000r/min, and the high-speed shearing time is 20 min.
(5) Standing for 24h, removing the lower precipitate, and performing high-speed centrifugation (11000g, 25min) to demulsify. And removing the upper oil phase after demulsification, concentrating the water phase, and drying in vacuum to obtain the white kidney bean nanocellulose.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and is different from that of the white kidney bean nanocellulose not enriched by Pickering emulsion, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) crushing white kidney bean dry matter, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, and treating the white kidney bean dry matter by using a radio frequency physical field, wherein the radio frequency power is set to be 50kW, the frequency is set to be 27.12MHz, and the treatment time is set to be 60 s; and then carrying out ultrahigh pressure treatment on the white kidney bean dry matter subjected to radio frequency treatment, wherein the pressure is set to be 400Mpa, and the treatment time is 50 min.
(2) Dispersing 100 parts of white kidney bean dry matter obtained in the step (1) in 1000 parts of deionized water, adjusting the pH to 6.2, adding 5 parts of alpha-amylase and 3 parts of saccharifying enzyme, and stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours; and then adjusting the pH value of the enzymolysis liquid to 8, adding 3 parts of alkaline protease and 3 parts of fungal protease, continuing stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours, and finally centrifuging (3000g for 10min) to obtain a precipitate and drying the precipitate to obtain the crude extract of the white kidney bean fiber powder.
(3) And (3) treating the crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract obtained in the step (2) by using ball milling equipment, adding 5 parts of grinding balls and 50 parts of crude white kidney bean fiber powder extract into a ball mill, and setting the treatment frequency to be 400r/min and the treatment time to be 30 min. And then, dispersing 20 parts of the crude extract of the ball-milled white kidney bean fiber powder in 200 parts of deionized water, adding 1.8 parts of cellulase and 0.2 part of xylanase, stirring and performing enzymolysis for 4 hours to obtain a white kidney bean nano-cellulose solution.
(4) And (4) concentrating the white kidney bean nano-cellulose solution obtained in the step (3), and then drying in vacuum to obtain the white kidney bean nano-cellulose.
Blank group
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1, except that the white kidney bean nanocellulose prepared by combining radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure composite physical field treatment, mechanical ball milling and nano oriented enzymolysis modification and Pickering emulsion enrichment is not prepared. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) crushing white kidney bean dry matter, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, dispersing 100 parts of the obtained white kidney bean dry matter in 1000 parts of deionized water, adjusting the pH to 6.2, adding 5 parts of alpha-amylase and 3 parts of diastase, and stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours; then adjusting the pH value of the enzymolysis liquid to 8, adding 3 parts of alkaline protease and 3 parts of fungal protease, continuing stirring for enzymolysis for 2 hours, and finally centrifuging (3000g for 10min) to obtain a precipitate.
(2) And (3) drying the precipitate obtained in the step (1) in vacuum to obtain the white kidney bean cellulose.
Characterization and comparison of results for examples and comparative examples:
the content of anti-nutritional factors, the adsorption capacity on lipase and the binding capacity on grease are the most main functional characteristics of the white kidney bean nanofiber, so that the three parameters are used as the performance indexes of the white kidney bean nanofiber obtained in the above examples and comparative examples to represent the performance of the white kidney bean nanofiber product.
1. Anti-nutritional factor content
Residual anti-nutritional factors in the white kidney bean cellulose can reduce the nutritional value and sensory quality of the product, such as phytic acid, lipoxygenase, trypsin inhibitor. The radio frequency utilizes the motion of molecules in electromagnetic waves to continuously heat the food materials, achieves the purposes of changing the structural properties of macromolecules, sterilizing, drying, inactivating enzymes and the like, and has the advantages of high heating speed, uniform heating, large penetration depth and the like. The ultrahigh pressure technology is a novel food processing technology which utilizes the pressure of 100-1000MPa to change the activity, denaturation or gelatinization of macromolecules such as protein, starch and the like so as to achieve the effects of sterilization, enzyme deactivation and improvement of functional properties of food. Through the combination of radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure technologies, the activity of anti-nutritional factors in the white kidney bean cellulose can be effectively inhibited, and the method has the advantages of high biological safety, high treatment efficiency, environmental friendliness and the like.
Determining the content of trypsin inhibitor in the white kidney bean nanocellulose of the specific examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 and the blank group by a colorimetric method by taking a BApNA solution as a reaction substrate; the lipoxygenase can catalyze the substrate linoleic acid to generate a product with conjugated diene, and the generated conjugated diene amount can be calculated by measuring the absorbance of a reaction system at 234nm, so that the lipoxygenase activity in different samples can be calculated; and simultaneously, measuring the content of the phytic acid in the different samples by a spectrophotometry.
The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of antinutritional factor content in different navy bean nanocellulose products
Table 1 shows that the anti-nutritional factors in the white kidney bean nanocellulose prepared by the comparative example 1 and the blank group without being treated by the radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure composite physical field have high activity, the anti-nutritional factors in the phytic acid, the lipoxygenase and the trypsin inhibitor are contained in the white kidney bean nanocellulose prepared by the two methods, while the anti-nutritional factors in the products are basically passivated after the other examples and comparative examples are treated by the composite physical field, which shows that the radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure composite physical field has a very significant passivation effect on the anti-nutritional factors in the white kidney bean dry matter.
2. Inhibition of lipases
The amount of fatty acid produced in the system after the action of lipase was measured using olive oil emulsion as a substrate to quantify the activity of lipase after the action of the above-mentioned specific examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 and blank group. The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Lipase inhibiting Activity of different navy bean nanocellulose products
The data in table 2 are compared to find that the lipase also has high activity without ball milling treatment and directional enzymolysis in comparative example 2 and the blank group, and the other examples and comparative examples have high length-diameter ratio, large specific surface area, more exposed active sites and stronger adsorption effect on the lipase after ball milling and directional enzymolysis, so that the functional active center of the lipase is masked, the activity of the lipase is reduced, and the white kidney bean nanocellulose obtained by the combined treatment of ball milling treatment and directional enzymolysis has good inhibition effect on the lipase.
3. Binding capacity to grease
According to the invention, the Pickering emulsion is prepared to enrich the white kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil, and the great specific surface area and the high length-diameter ratio of the white kidney bean nano-cellulose expose more hydrophobic groups and hydrophilic groups, so that the white kidney bean nano-cellulose has higher interfacial activity and has a specific affinity effect on the oil.
Taking 0.5g of each white kidney bean nano-cellulose product of the specific examples 1-3, the comparative examples 1-3 and the blank group, respectively adding the white kidney bean nano-cellulose products into centrifuge tubes filled with 20mL of soybean oil, fully shaking and uniformly mixing, centrifuging (2000g for 10min) to remove the soybean oil which is not adsorbed on the upper layer, and calculating the oil retention of the white kidney bean nano-fibers. The test results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 inhibitory Activity of the Heat-treated products on alpha-Amylase
The data in table 3 show that the oil retention of comparative examples 2, 3 and blank groups is significantly lower than that of other examples and comparative examples because the comparative examples do not undergo the steps of ball milling, directional enzymolysis or Pickering emulsion enrichment, and the like, which indicates that the white kidney bean nanofibers prepared by the method of the present invention have a very strong adsorption effect on oil.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of white kidney bean nano-cellulose capable of strongly adsorbing grease is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) performing radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure treatment on the crushed and sieved white kidney bean dry matter, performing enzymolysis impurity removal and centrifugal precipitation through protease and carbohydrase to obtain a white kidney bean fiber powder crude extract, drying, and performing mechanical ball milling and nanocrystallization directional enzymolysis to obtain a white kidney bean nano cellulose solution;
2) preparing Pickering emulsion by using the white kidney bean nano-cellulose solution, and enriching the white kidney bean nano-cellulose in a liquid phase;
the white kidney bean dry matter is bean dregs and/or bean skin of the white kidney beans.
2. The method for preparing white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil according to claim 1, wherein the conditions of radio frequency and ultrahigh pressure treatment of white kidney bean dry matter are as follows: the radio frequency treatment conditions comprise 20-100kW of power, 27.12MHz of frequency and 40-100s of time; the ultrahigh pressure treatment condition is that the pressure is 200 and 600MPa, and the time is 20-100 min.
3. The method for preparing white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil and fat according to claim 1, wherein in the step of removing impurities by enzymolysis, protease and carbohydrase used for removing impurities by enzymolysis are alpha-amylase, glucoamylase, alkaline protease and fungal protease; firstly, alpha-amylase and glucoamylase are added under the weakly acidic condition for enzymolysis, and then alkaline protease and fungal protease are added under the weakly alkaline condition for enzymolysis.
4. The preparation method of white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil and fat according to claim 3, wherein the ratio of white kidney bean dry matter to water is 1 (10-20) (w/w); the total adding amount of the alpha-amylase and the saccharifying enzyme is 0.6-1% (w/w) of the enzymolysis impurity removal reaction system, and the total adding amount of the alkaline protease and the fungal protease is 0.3-0.6% (w/w) of the enzymolysis impurity removal reaction system.
5. The method for preparing white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing grease according to claim 1, wherein in the step of mechanical ball milling, the ball-to-material ratio is 1: (1-10) (w/w), the treatment frequency is 200-600r/min, and the treatment time is 10-60 min.
6. The method for preparing the navy bean nano cellulose fiber capable of strongly adsorbing the grease according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme used in the step of the nanocrystallization and directional enzymolysis is a complex enzyme of xylanase and cellulase, and the ratio of the two enzymes is 1: (5-10) (w/w), wherein the total addition amount of the complex enzyme is 0.5% -1% (w/w) of the total system of the nano directional enzymolysis; the proportion of the crude extract of the white kidney bean fiber powder after mechanical ball milling to water is 1 (10-20) (w/w).
7. The method for preparing white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil according to claim 1, wherein the preparation conditions of the Pickering emulsion are as follows: wherein the addition amount of the white kidney bean cellulose solution is 10-15% (w/w) of the water phase, and the proportion of the water phase to the oil phase is 7: (1-3) (w/w), wherein the oil phase is edible vegetable oil including soybean oil.
8. The method for preparing white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil and fat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Pickering emulsion is stood to remove lower precipitate, the water phase is concentrated and dried after centrifugal demulsification, and the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil and fat is obtained through enrichment, wherein the centrifugal condition is 10000-12000g of rotation speed, and the centrifugal time is 20-30 min.
9. White kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil and fat, which is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The use of the white kidney bean nanocellulose capable of strongly adsorbing oil according to claim 9 in the fields of preparation of general foods, health foods, formulated foods for special medical use and medicines.
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| US20160192664A1 (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-07-07 | Ming Chen Lee | Composition of white kidney bean extract used in baked food processing |
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