CN113097702A - Frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna - Google Patents
Frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113097702A CN113097702A CN201911335068.4A CN201911335068A CN113097702A CN 113097702 A CN113097702 A CN 113097702A CN 201911335068 A CN201911335068 A CN 201911335068A CN 113097702 A CN113097702 A CN 113097702A
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- dielectric plate
- diamond
- frequency
- shaped metal
- polarization
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
- H01Q5/321—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
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Abstract
The invention relates to a frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna.A metal patch floor is respectively printed on the lower surface of a first dielectric plate and the upper surface of a second dielectric plate; the second dielectric plate is tightly attached to the lower surface of the first dielectric plate; the first dielectric plate comprises a diamond-shaped metal patch and a diamond-shaped metal ring which are printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate; the rhombic metal ring is arranged on the periphery of the rhombic metal patch; the reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider of the second dielectric plate is connected with the feed point position of the rhombic metal patch through a metalized through hole, and the midpoints of four edges of the rhombic metal ring are connected with the midpoints of four edges of the rhombic metal patch through four variable capacitance diodes D1-D4; and the lower surface of the second medium plate is printed with a polarizable reconstruction Wilkinson power divider. The invention realizes the independent reconfiguration of frequency and polarization, thereby enabling the antenna to be switched among different frequency bands and different polarization modes, having narrow frequency step and being capable of working at different frequency points in a frequency band more accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a frequency/polarization reconfigurable antenna.
Background
In the trend of information society, wireless communication has greatly influenced daily life of people, and antennas are receiving wide attention of experts and scholars as devices for radiating and receiving electromagnetic waves. The frequency band of the conventional microstrip antenna is narrow, and it is often necessary to design a plurality of antennas with different frequency bands or different functions. However, this not only doubles the volume and cost of the antenna, but also generates electromagnetic interference between different antennas, which presents new challenges for the design of microstrip antennas. For this reason, reconfigurable antennas have come to light. The design idea of the reconfigurable antenna is to realize functions which can be realized only by a plurality of antennas or antenna arrays through one or a few antennas, so that the reconfigurable antenna is generally provided with a device for switching different working states. By designing different types of reconfigurable antennas, the frequency band of the microstrip antenna is expanded, the functions are enriched, and a satellite navigation system can be more mature.
According to the current search discovery, the Korean Chong of the university of Harbin industry uses a super surface material to design a reconfigurable antenna, and frequency band reconfiguration and polarization reconfiguration can be respectively realized through different super surface structures. The semicircular ring metal units in the designed fish scale structure frequency band reconfigurable antenna are arranged according to the period, the bandwidth of the semicircular ring metal units can be expanded to 300MHz in a single direction, and the semicircular ring metal units can be realized in a 4.6GHz-5.6GHz frequency band through mechanical rotation. In addition, the document also mentions a kind of corner cut rectangular corner cut super-surface antenna, which can achieve the switching of different working states of left-right hand circular polarization and linear polarization. In addition, the ultra-surface antenna in the form of a willow leaf is designed, and polarization reconfiguration can be achieved.
At present, most frequency reconfigurable antennas are frequency discrete reconfigurable antennas, the design of continuous adjustment is relatively incomplete, the stepping is mainly wide, and selectable frequency points are few; the design of the hybrid reconfigurable antenna is difficult to realize the separation of different characteristic parameters at present, namely when one parameter is adjusted, the other parameter is kept stable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems existing in the prior art: the frequency/polarization mixed reconfigurable antenna is provided, independent reconfiguration of frequency and polarization is realized, so that the antenna can be switched among different frequency bands and different polarization modes, the frequency step is narrow, and the antenna can accurately work at different frequency points in a frequency band.
The invention relates to a frequency/polarization mixed reconfigurable antenna, which at least comprises:
the floor board comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate and a floor board; the floor is printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric slab and the upper surface of the second dielectric slab respectively, and the floor is a metal patch; the second dielectric plate is tightly attached to the lower surface of the first dielectric plate;
the first dielectric plate comprises a diamond-shaped metal patch and a diamond-shaped metal ring printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate; the rhombic metal ring is arranged on the periphery of the rhombic metal patch; the reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider of the second dielectric plate is connected with the feed point position of the rhombic metal patch through a metalized through hole, and the midpoints of four edges of the rhombic metal ring are connected with the midpoints of four edges of the rhombic metal patch through four variable capacitance diodes D1-D4;
the Wilkinson power divider is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate, the outer sides of transmission lines led out from two output ports of the Wilkinson power divider are respectively provided with a 90-degree phase-shift transmission line, and the 90-degree phase-shift transmission line is connected with the output port transmission line and the transmission lines led out from the input ports after power division through PIN diodes S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6; and controlling the PIN diode to realize polarization reconfiguration.
Furthermore, a bias line is arranged on the periphery of the diamond-shaped metal ring and connected with the diamond-shaped metal ring through an inductor.
Further, an input port of the polarimetric reconstruction Wilkinson power divider is connected with a transmission line led out from the excitation port through a capacitor; the transmission lines led out from the two output ports are respectively provided with a 90-degree phase-shifting transmission line at the outer side, and the 90-degree phase-shifting transmission lines are connected with the output port transmission lines and the transmission lines led out from the input ports after power division by PIN diodes S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6; the outer sides of the two 90-degree phase-shifting transmission lines, the outer side of the output port transmission line and the outer side of the transmission line led out after the input port at the same side is subjected to power division are connected with a bias line through inductors; the output port conducts the excitation to the diamond-shaped metal patch through the metalized via hole.
Furthermore, the device also comprises resistors which are lapped on two sides of the input port.
And the third dielectric plate is positioned on the first dielectric plate, is spaced from the first dielectric plate by a certain distance, and is printed with a circular metal ring on the upper surface.
Further, the acute angle of the diamond-shaped metal patch is 74 degrees.
Further, the floor adds an isolation ring at the position of the metalized via hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention provides a mixed reconfigurable diamond antenna adopting inner and outer patches and a variable feed network, which can realize frequency reconfiguration and narrow frequency stepping by adjusting the voltage at two ends of a variable capacitance diode on a diamond metal patch, and can accurately work at different frequency points in a frequency band.
(2) The hybrid reconfigurable diamond antenna adopting the internal and external patches and the variable feed network can realize polarization reconfiguration by adjusting the on-off state of the PIN diode on the reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider.
(3) According to the invention, frequency reconfiguration is carried out on the first dielectric plate, polarization reconfiguration is carried out on the second dielectric plate, and independent reconfiguration of frequency and polarization is realized through a layered design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a first dielectric plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a second dielectric plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a third dielectric plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of cross-polarization pattern simulation data relating to polarization reconstruction in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph of simulated data regarding frequency reconfigurable gain patterns in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the reference numbers:
101: third dielectric plate
102: first dielectric plate
103: metallized via
104: second dielectric plate
201: diamond metal paster
202: diamond metal ring
203: inductance
204: bias line
D1, D2, D3, D4: PIN diode
301: reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider
302: excitation port
303: capacitor with a capacitor element
304: resistance (RC)
305: input port
306. 307: 90-degree phase-shifting transmission line
308: output port
309: inductance
310: bias line
S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6: PIN diode
401: metal ring
H1: thickness of third dielectric plate
H2: height difference between the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate
H3: thickness of the first dielectric plate
H4: thickness of the second dielectric plate
L1: first dielectric plate side length
L2: second dielectric plate side length
L3: length of long diagonal line of diamond-shaped metal patch
L4: long diagonal length of inner ring of diamond-shaped metal ring
L5: long diagonal length of diamond-shaped metal ring outer ring
L6: short diagonal length of diamond-shaped metal patch
L7: short diagonal length of inner ring of rhombic metal ring
L8: short diagonal length of outer ring of rhombic metal ring
L9: bias line length
R1: inner diameter of ring
R2: outside diameter of ring
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
FIG. 1 is a side view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The length of the first medium plate is L1, and the thickness of the first medium plate is H3; the side length of the second medium plate is L2, and the plate thickness is H4; the third dielectric plate has a side length of L2 and a plate thickness of H1. The third dielectric sheet 101 is located above the first dielectric sheet 102 and at a distance H2 from the first dielectric sheet. The second dielectric plate 104 is located below the first dielectric plate 102 and closely attached to the first dielectric plate 102, and the metalized via hole 103 is located in the middle of the two dielectric plates and penetrates through the two dielectric plates. The floor boards are printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric board 102 and the upper surface of the second dielectric board 104, respectively. The floor is a metal patch.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a first dielectric plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The diamond-shaped metal patch 201 and the diamond-shaped metal ring 202 are printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 102, and the diamond-shaped metal ring 202 is located on the periphery of the diamond-shaped metal patch 201. The acute angle of the diamond-shaped metal patch is 74 degrees, one metalized through hole 103 is formed in the center of the diamond-shaped metal patch 201 along the-135-degree direction and the 135-degree direction, the distance from the two metalized through holes 103 to the center of the diamond-shaped metal patch 201 is the same, the two metalized through holes are directly communicated to the lower surface of the second dielectric plate, and an isolation ring is added on the floor at the position of the metalized through hole. And a bias line 204 is arranged on the periphery of the diamond-shaped metal ring 202 along the directions of 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees respectively and is connected with the four sides of the diamond-shaped metal ring 202 through an inductor 203 to play a role of direct current bias. The middle points of the four sides of the diamond-shaped metal ring 202 and the middle points of the four sides of the diamond-shaped metal patch 201 are connected through four varactors. By adjusting the voltage at the two ends of the variable capacitance diode, the capacitance at the two ends of the variable capacitance diode can be changed, and then frequency reconstruction is realized.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a second dielectric plate according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. A reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider 301 is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 104, and an input port 304 of the reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider is connected with a transmission line led out from an excitation port 302 through a capacitor 303; the transmission lines led out from the two output ports 308 are respectively provided with a 90-degree phase- shift transmission line 306 and 307, and the 90-degree phase- shift transmission lines 306 and 307 are connected with the transmission line of the output port 308 and the transmission line led out from the input port 304 after power division by PIN diodes S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6; the outer sides of the two 90-degree phase- shift transmission lines 306 and 307, the outer side of the output port 308 transmission line and the outer side of the transmission line led out after the input port 304 on the same side is subjected to power division are connected with a bias line 310 through an inductor 309; the output port 308 conducts the excitation to the diamond-shaped metal patch 201 through the metalized via 103; the resistor 305 is connected across the input port 304 for isolating the two input signals. The phase shift of two output ports of the reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider can be controlled by controlling the on-off of the PIN diode, and then the left-hand circular polarization and the right-hand circular polarization can be switched to realize polarization reconfiguration.
Fig. 4 is a top view of a third dielectric plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A circular metal ring 401 is printed on the upper surface of the third dielectric plate 101 for improving the gain of the antenna in the main radiation direction.
As shown in fig. 1, the first dielectric sheet 102 has a side length L1 of 62.7mm and a sheet thickness H3 of 4.5 mm; the side length L2 of the second medium 104 is 100mm, and the plate thickness H4 is 1.5 mm; the third dielectric plate 101 has a side length L2 of 100mm, a plate thickness H1 of 0.5mm, and a distance H2 from the first dielectric plate of 5.5 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, the long diagonal line L3 of the diamond-shaped metal patch 201 is 28.8mm, and the short diagonal line L6 is 21.6 mm; the long diagonal line L4 of the inner ring of the diamond-shaped metal ring 202 is 32.8mm, and the short diagonal line L7 is 24.6 mm; the long diagonal line L5 of the outer ring of the diamond-shaped metal ring 202 is 40.8mm, and the short diagonal line L8 is 30.6 mm; the bias line length L9 is 23 mm.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of cross-polarization pattern simulation data with respect to polarization reconstruction in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. When PIN diodes S1, S2 and S3 on the reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider 301 are connected and the rest are disconnected, the antenna works in left-handed circular polarization; otherwise, the antenna operates in right-hand circular polarization. Therefore, the polarization of the antenna can be reconfigured by controlling the on-off states of the PIN diodes S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 on the reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider 301.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of simulation data regarding frequency reconfigurable gain patterns according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. When the capacitances of the variable capacitance diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 on the diamond-shaped metal patch 201 are controlled to be changed at 2-10pF, the antenna can realize frequency reconstruction on a frequency band of 2.16-2.33GHz by taking the highest gain point as a reference, and the reconstruction bandwidth is 170 MHz.
As can be seen from the above-mentioned preferred embodiments of the present invention, the advantages of the present invention are: the frequency and polarization independent reconfiguration can be realized, so that the antenna can be switched among different frequency bands and different polarization modes.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it is therefore intended that all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention be considered as within the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna, characterized by comprising at least:
a first dielectric plate (102), a second dielectric plate (104), and a floor; the floor is respectively printed on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate (102) and the upper surface of the second dielectric plate (104), and the floor is a metal patch; the second dielectric plate (104) is tightly attached to the lower surface of the first dielectric plate (102);
the first dielectric plate (102) comprises a diamond-shaped metal patch (201) and a diamond-shaped metal ring (202) which are printed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate (102); the diamond-shaped metal ring (202) is arranged at the periphery of the diamond-shaped metal patch (201); a metalized through hole (103) is arranged at the feed point position of the diamond-shaped metal patch (201) and is connected to a reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider (301) of the second dielectric plate (104), and the midpoints of four sides of the diamond-shaped metal ring (202) and the midpoints of four sides of the diamond-shaped metal patch (201) are connected through four variable capacitance diodes D1-D4;
the Wilkinson power divider (301) is printed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate (104), the outer sides of transmission lines led out from two output ports (308) of the Wilkinson power divider are respectively provided with a 90-degree phase-shift transmission line (306, 307), and the 90-degree phase-shift transmission lines (306, 307) are connected with the transmission lines led out from the output ports (308) and the transmission lines led out from the input ports (304) after power division through PIN diodes S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6; and controlling the PIN diode to realize polarization reconfiguration.
2. A frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna according to claim 1, wherein a bias line (204) is provided on the periphery of the diamond-shaped metal ring (202) and connected to the diamond-shaped metal ring (202) through an inductor (203).
3. A frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna according to claim 1, wherein the polarisable reconfigurable wilkinson power divider (301) has its input port (304) connected to the transmission line leading from the excitation port (302) via a capacitor (303); the outer sides of two 90-degree phase-shift transmission lines (306 and 307), the outer side of an output port (308) transmission line and the outer side of a transmission line led out after the input port (304) at the same side is subjected to power division are connected with a bias line (310) through an inductor (309); the output port (308) conducts the excitation to the diamond-shaped metal patch (201) through the metalized via (103).
4. A frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna according to claim 3, further comprising a resistor (305) connected across the input port (304).
5. A frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a third dielectric plate (101) disposed on the first dielectric plate (102) and spaced apart from the first dielectric plate, and having a circular metal ring (401) printed on an upper surface thereof.
6. A frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna according to claim 1, wherein the acute angle of the diamond-shaped metal patch is 74 degrees.
7. A frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna according to claim 1, wherein the ground plane has added an isolation ring at the location of the metallized via.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911335068.4A CN113097702A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911335068.4A CN113097702A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna |
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| CN113097702A true CN113097702A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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| CN201911335068.4A Pending CN113097702A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Frequency/polarization hybrid reconfigurable antenna |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105490016A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-13 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Broadband directional antenna based on resonant reflector |
| CN107887694A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-04-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of frequency/polarization/direction figure independence restructural paster antenna for strengthening polarization reconfigurable ability using liquid crystal material |
| US20180102593A1 (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-12 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Reconfigurable antenna array and associated method of use |
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2019
- 2019-12-23 CN CN201911335068.4A patent/CN113097702A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105490016A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-13 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Broadband directional antenna based on resonant reflector |
| US20180102593A1 (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-12 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Reconfigurable antenna array and associated method of use |
| CN107887694A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-04-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of frequency/polarization/direction figure independence restructural paster antenna for strengthening polarization reconfigurable ability using liquid crystal material |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 张岩等: "可重构天线的频率可重构功能验证", 《中国集成电路》 * |
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Application publication date: 20210709 |