CN113097604A - Special graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffering function for electric automobile and preparation method of special graphene heat dissipation assembly - Google Patents
Special graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffering function for electric automobile and preparation method of special graphene heat dissipation assembly Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to a graphene heat dissipation assembly special for an electric automobile and having low thermal resistance, high compressibility and a buffering function and a preparation method thereof. The graphene heat dissipation assembly comprises a top-layer graphite sheet, a graphite sponge composite cylinder and a bottom-layer graphite sheet which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the graphite sponge composite cylinder comprises modified cylinder sponge and coated graphite sheets, and the coated graphite sheets are wound on the surface of the modified cylinder sponge. The sponge microporous structure of the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile can absorb external impact force and protect a battery assembly of the electric automobile; meanwhile, the graphene filled in the sponge micropores can conduct heat energy, reduce the thermal resistance of the battery pack, improve the heat dissipation and temperature uniformity, and solve the generated heat aggregation, so that the spontaneous combustion of the automobile or the increase of the internal resistance can be prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of heat dissipation materials, and particularly relates to a graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and a buffering function and special for an electric automobile and a preparation method of the graphene heat dissipation assembly.
Background
Under the trend of in-vehicle electronics and safety, and the coming of the 5G era, more data volume is enough to be transmitted and calculated, which means that the market of the vehicle semiconductor is also expanded year by year, including the future ADAS, automatic driving and the like driving the demands of more applications and sensing components. With the increasing trend of new generation industries such as electric vehicles, automatic driving, and electric vehicles with high endurance, along with the increasing of battery voltage and power, the heat of the battery pack is rapidly accumulated and increased, and the problem of how to dissipate the heat is increasingly revealed, thereby directly affecting the stability of heat dissipation modules such as CPUs, GPUs, and backup systems. For a new energy automobile, the energy source and the automobile starting structure of the new energy automobile are different from those of a traditional automobile, so that the key objects of thermal management are different, the new energy automobile also comprises a battery pack management system, a motor electric control management system and the like besides an automobile body air conditioning system, and the value of the whole new energy thermal management system is improved.
The new energy thermal management system puts forward higher core requirements on the functions of the components, and not only cooling is required, but also the components are required to keep the temperature balance. The suitable temperature of the battery is about 10-40 ℃, and the too high or too low temperature can cause the quick attenuation of the service life of the battery, thereby having decisive influence on the endurance and the service life of the battery, even the safety of the electric automobile. The graphene and the composite material radiating fin thereof have a plurality of excellent radiating characteristics, such as an artificial graphite film, the xy-direction thermal conductivity of the artificial graphite film is as high as 1600W/mK, and the density of the artificial graphite film is about 1.6-1.9 g/cm3. However, graphene and its composite material heat sink have the disadvantage of being too thin. The thickest of the prior art can only be in the order of hundreds of microns, the structure is a plane structure, the buffer function like a sponge structure cannot be provided, and the radiating fins with the thickness and the structure cannot overcome the vibration generated by the power battery when the vehicle runs. The vibration easily causes the internal structure of the power battery to generate impact to generate electricityThe cell is shorted. At the same time, the high-power battery pack has a high upper limit of heat energy accumulation, so that the thin and planar radiating fins cannot reduce the total temperature of the power battery to a satisfactory absolute safety value.
When the battery module of the electric vehicle is heated to a certain temperature (90-120 ℃), the temperature will begin to rise suddenly due to chemical instability, especially when the lithium battery pack of the electric vehicle is bumped or the consistency of the lithium battery pack is unstable, a large amount of heat is released instantaneously when the lithium battery is short-circuited or the voltage is unbalanced, the phenomenon is called thermal runaway, and the gas sprayed out by the battery can flash when the thermal runaway occurs, so that flame is generated, the battery or even the vehicle is burned, and great safety concern is generated.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a graphene heat dissipation assembly special for an electric automobile and having low thermal resistance, high compressibility and a buffering function, and a preparation method thereof. The graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile can solve the problem of heat collection generated by a lithium battery, and performs heat dissipation and temperature equalization treatment; thereby preventing the self-ignition of the automobile or the increase of the internal resistance.
The scheme provided by the invention is that the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile, which has low thermal resistance, high compressibility and a buffering function, comprises a top graphite sheet, a graphite sponge composite cylinder and a bottom graphite sheet which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the graphite sponge composite cylinder comprises modified cylinder sponge and coated graphite sheets, and the coated graphite sheets are wound on the surface of the modified cylinder sponge.
Based on the same technical concept, another scheme of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile, which has low thermal resistance, high compressibility and a buffering function, and comprises the following steps:
(i) blending the graphene slurry, the water-based resin and the dispersing agent to obtain mixed slurry;
(ii) sequentially cleaning and drying the foaming sponge to obtain clean sponge; soaking the clean sponge in the mixed slurry, and sequentially carrying out hydrothermal self-assembly and reduction, vacuum freeze drying and microwave treatment to obtain modified cylindrical sponge;
(iii) winding and bonding the coated graphite flake on the surface of the modified cylindrical sponge by using heat conducting glue to form a graphite sponge composite cylinder;
(iv) and (3) bonding the upper layer and the lower layer of the graphite sponge composite cylinder with the top graphite sheet and the bottom graphite sheet respectively to obtain the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile.
Preferably, in the step (i), the solid content of the graphene slurry is 1-20 wt.%.
Preferably, in step (i), the aqueous resin is one or a combination of two or more of cellulose, modified polybutadiene resin, epoxy resin, alkyd resin, amino resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, silicone resin and organic fluorine resin.
Preferably, in step (i), the dispersant is one or a combination of two or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate.
Preferably, in step (ii), the material of the foamed sponge is one of polyurethane, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyimide, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, chloroprene rubber, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber or silicone rubber.
Preferably, in the step (ii), the power of the microwave treatment is 500-600W.
Preferably, in the step (ii), the microwave treatment time is 30-60 s.
The microwave treatment adopts a microwave chemical reactor, an automatic feeding and discharging system is matched with the microwave chemical reactor, a Teflon conveyer belt is adopted in the conveying part of the equipment, so that the corrosion and the generation of impurities such as ash content and the like can be avoided, the continuous and large-scale production is realized, and the yield is high; inside for reaching sealed effect, adopts high temperature resistant quartz capsule, disposes the nitrogen gas filling opening in pan feeding mouth department to set up one section air inhibitor and prevent the air inflow, form gaseous cover during the function, the cavity outer wall adopts recirculated cooling water pipe to cover, reduces the temperature of outer wall. Finally, the modified cylindrical sponge with the diameter of 20mm and the length adjustable at will can be produced.
Preferably, in the step (ii), the modified cylindrical sponge has a thermal conductivity of 10-200W/(m.k).
Preferably, in step (iii), the top and bottom graphite sheets have a thickness of 25 to 30 μm.
Based on the same technical concept, the invention further provides a matching use method of the graphene heat dissipation assembly and an electric vehicle battery, which comprises the following steps: the upper layer and the lower layer of the electric automobile battery are respectively matched and assembled with the graphene heat dissipation assembly, and the graphene heat dissipation assembly is shown in fig. 2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile, the sponge microporous structure can absorb external impact force, so that a battery assembly of the electric automobile is protected; meanwhile, the graphene filled in the sponge micropores can conduct heat energy, reduce the thermal resistance of the battery pack, improve the heat dissipation and temperature uniformity, and solve the generated heat aggregation, so that the spontaneous combustion of the automobile or the increase of the internal resistance can be prevented.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffering function for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an assembly schematic diagram of the graphene heat dissipation assembly and an electric vehicle battery.
Fig. 3 is a "pressure-thermal resistance" relationship diagram of the graphene heat dissipation assembly for electric vehicles obtained in example 1.
Fig. 4 is a "pressure-compressibility" relationship diagram of the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for electric vehicles obtained in example 1.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1-top layer of graphite flakes; 2-graphite sponge composite cylinder; 21-modified cylindrical sponge; 22-coated graphite sheets; 3-bottom graphite sheet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene heat dissipation assembly special for an electric automobile, which has low thermal resistance, high compressibility and a buffering function, and comprises the following steps:
(i) blending graphene slurry with a single-layer rate of 60% and a solid content of 1 wt.%, alkyd resin and polyethylene glycol to obtain mixed slurry;
(ii) ultrasonically cleaning polyurethane foam sponge by adopting ethanol and pure water, and drying to obtain clean sponge; soaking the clean sponge in the mixed slurry, and sequentially carrying out hydrothermal self-assembly and reduction, vacuum freeze drying and microwave treatment (the power is 500W, the treatment time is 30s) to obtain a modified cylindrical sponge with the diameter of 20 mm;
(iii) winding and bonding a single-layer coated graphite sheet with the thickness of 25 mu m on the surface of the modified cylindrical sponge by using heat conducting glue to form a graphite sponge composite cylinder;
(iv) and taking 5 graphite sponge composite cylinders to form a whole, and bonding the upper layer and the lower layer with a top graphite sheet with the thickness of 25 micrometers and a bottom graphite sheet with the thickness of 25 micrometers respectively to obtain the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene heat dissipation assembly special for an electric automobile, which has low thermal resistance, high compressibility and a buffering function, and comprises the following steps:
(i) preparing graphene slurry with a single-layer rate of 99% and a solid content of 20 wt.%, epoxy resin and polyvinylpyrrolidone to obtain mixed slurry;
(ii) ultrasonically cleaning the polyimide foam sponge by adopting ethanol and pure water, and drying to obtain clean sponge; soaking the clean sponge in the mixed slurry, and sequentially carrying out hydrothermal self-assembly and reduction, vacuum freeze drying and microwave treatment (power is 600W, treatment time is 60s) to obtain a modified cylindrical sponge with the diameter of 20 mm;
(iii) winding and bonding a single-layer coated graphite sheet with the thickness of 30 mu m on the surface of the modified cylindrical sponge by using heat conducting glue to form a graphite sponge composite cylinder;
(iv) and taking 5 graphite sponge composite cylinders to form a whole, and bonding the upper layer and the lower layer with a top graphite sheet with the thickness of 30 micrometers and a bottom graphite sheet with the thickness of 30 micrometers respectively to obtain the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a graphene heat dissipation assembly special for an electric automobile, which has low thermal resistance, high compressibility and a buffering function, and comprises the following steps:
(i) blending graphene slurry with a single-layer rate of 80% and a solid content of 10 wt.%, amino resin and sodium dodecyl sulfate to obtain mixed slurry;
(ii) ultrasonically cleaning ethylene propylene diene monomer foamed sponge by adopting ethanol and pure water, and drying to obtain clean sponge; soaking the clean sponge in the mixed slurry, and sequentially carrying out hydrothermal self-assembly and reduction, vacuum freeze drying and microwave treatment (power is 550W, treatment time is 45s) to obtain a modified cylindrical sponge with the diameter of 20 mm;
(iii) winding and bonding a single-layer coated graphite sheet with the thickness of 27 mu m on the surface of the modified cylindrical sponge by using heat conducting glue to form a graphite sponge composite cylinder;
(iv) and taking 5 graphite sponge composite cylinders to form a whole, and bonding the upper layer and the lower layer with a top graphite sheet with the thickness of 27 microns and a bottom graphite sheet with the thickness of 27 microns respectively to obtain the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile.
The relationship between pressure and thermal resistance and the relationship between pressure and compressibility of the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric vehicle obtained in example 1 are measured, and the results are shown in fig. 3 and 4, respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 3: the thermal resistance of the heat dissipation assembly is reduced along with the increase of the pressure value, the thermal resistance is 0.2-0.4 ℃/W, the thermal resistance is low, and the heat dissipation performance is excellent.
The compressibility (original volume-compressed volume) ÷ original volume × 100%, as shown in fig. 4, the heat dissipation assembly has high compressibility under an external pressure, and can perform buffering in a large pressure range.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A graphene heat dissipation assembly special for an electric automobile and having low thermal resistance, high compressibility and a buffering function is characterized by comprising a top graphite sheet (1), a graphite sponge composite cylinder (2) and a bottom graphite sheet (3) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the graphite sponge composite cylinder (2) comprises a modified cylinder sponge (21) and graphite coating sheets (22), wherein the graphite coating sheets (22) are wound on the surface of the modified cylinder sponge (21).
2. The preparation method of the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffer function for the electric automobile as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(i) blending the graphene slurry, the water-based resin and the dispersing agent to obtain mixed slurry;
(ii) sequentially cleaning and drying the foaming sponge to obtain clean sponge; then soaking the clean sponge in the mixed slurry, and sequentially carrying out hydrothermal self-assembly and reduction, vacuum freeze drying and microwave treatment to obtain modified barrel sponge (21);
(iii) winding and bonding a coated graphite sheet (22) on the surface of the modified cylindrical sponge (21) through heat-conducting glue to form a graphite sponge composite cylinder (2);
(iv) and (3) respectively bonding the upper layer and the lower layer of the graphite sponge composite cylinder (2) with the top graphite sheet (1) and the bottom graphite sheet (3) to obtain the graphene heat dissipation assembly special for the electric automobile.
3. The preparation method of the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffer function for electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein in the step (i), the solid content of the graphene slurry is 1-20 wt.%.
4. The method for preparing the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffering function for electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein in step (i), the aqueous resin is one or a combination of two or more of cellulose, modified polybutadiene resin, epoxy resin, alkyd resin, amino resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, silicone resin and organic fluorine resin.
5. The method for preparing the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffering function for electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein in step (i), the dispersant is one or a combination of two or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate.
6. The method for preparing the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffering function for electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein in step (ii), the material of the foam sponge is one of polyurethane, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyimide, ethylene propylene diene monomer, chloroprene rubber, butadiene acrylonitrile rubber, styrene butadiene rubber or silica gel.
7. The preparation method of the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffering function for electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein in the step (ii), the power of the microwave treatment is 500-600W.
8. The preparation method of the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffering function for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (ii), the microwave treatment time is 30-60 s.
9. The preparation method of the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffering function for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (ii), the thermal conductivity coefficient of the modified cylindrical sponge is 10-200W/(m-k).
10. The preparation method of the graphene heat dissipation assembly with low thermal resistance, high compressibility and buffer function for electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein in the step (iii), the thickness of the top graphite sheet and the bottom graphite sheet is 25-30 μm.
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