CN113096042A - Glow image acquisition device and image processing method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a glow image acquisition device and an image processing method thereof. The device comprises a glow imaging device for shooting flow field glow images, a server for processing the flow field glow images and a data transmission device for connecting the server and the server. The glow imaging device sequentially comprises a condenser lens, an optical filter and a camera along an optical path; the data transmission device adopts optical fiber to transmit data; the server is provided with a glow image acquisition and analysis system for remotely controlling the glow imaging device to acquire flow field glow images, and data processing is carried out on the flow field glow images to obtain wave system structure images around the test model in the wind tunnel flow field. The method adopts Sober algorithm, entropy algorithm or sharpening algorithm to carry out image filtering and image integration on the flow field glow image, and identifies the flow field fine structure of the concerned target or region from the background light. The glow image acquisition device and the image processing method thereof realize clear observation of the wave system structure around the test model in the wind tunnel flow field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel test equipment, and particularly relates to a glow image acquisition device and an image processing method thereof.
Background
The thin gas can generate glow discharge phenomenon under the excitation of a strong electric field, the glow intensity is related to the gas density, a low-density flow field can be displayed by adopting a gas glow discharge method, the free jet flow field can be observed by realizing the flow field structure, and the flow field calibration and measurement can be used for determining the jet boundary and the uniform core area as reference; the flow field of the streaming flow with the model can realize clearer observation of wave system structures of flow fields such as shock waves, wake flows and the like.
At present, stable glow discharge is realized in a phi 1 meter hypersonic low-density wind tunnel, but the flow field imaging aspect is still not satisfactory, and the two aspects are mainly reflected in the glow imaging contrast ratio and the interference glow imaging quality of strong background light formed by arc luminescence of an arc heater, the glow discharge electrode luminescence, the test model reflection and the like in the wind tunnel test process.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a glow image acquisition device for displaying a low-density wind tunnel test flow field and an image processing method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a glow image acquisition device and an image processing method thereof.
The glow image acquisition device comprises a glow imaging device which is positioned outside a test section and shoots a flow field glow image through a test section observation window; the device comprises a data transmission device for transmitting a flow field glow image obtained by a glow imaging device; the server receives the flow field glow image from the data transmission device and processes the flow field glow image; it is characterized in that,
the glow imaging device sequentially comprises a condenser lens, an optical filter and a camera from front to back along an optical path;
the data transmission device sequentially comprises a USB data line I, a USB optical fiber converter I, an optical fiber, a USB optical fiber converter II and a USB data line II from front to back, wherein the USB data line I is connected with the camera, and the USB data line II is connected with the server;
the server is provided with a glow image acquisition and analysis system, remotely controls the glow imaging device to acquire flow field glow images, and performs data processing on the flow field glow images to obtain images of wave system structures around the test model in the wind tunnel flow field.
Further, the optical filter is a band-pass filter.
Furthermore, the camera is a scientific camera, the resolution is at least 2560 multiplied by 2160 pixels, the frame rate is 100fps, the quantum efficiency is 60%, the dynamic range is 30000:1, the flow field glow image storage mode is single-sheet storage or continuous automatic storage, and the minimum acquisition interval of the continuous automatic storage is 0.01 s.
Furthermore, the glow image acquisition and analysis system is provided with 5 interfaces including a camera, a program, an image, browsing and preprocessing; the camera interface is provided with real-time image, stop real-time, automatic gray scale weak, automatic gray scale strong, image conversion setting and camera parameter setting buttons, and adjusts the intercepting pane, the image contrast, the saturation, the tone, the acquisition frequency and the camera exposure time; the image interface is provided with a starting storage, a stopping storage, a single storage and a storage setting, and is used for carrying out real-time display, real-time acquisition and storage, continuous automatic acquisition and storage and stopping acquisition; the preprocessing interface is provided with a loading picture, a sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm, a sharpening algorithm, a picture saving button, a batch processing button and a video compression button, digital filtering and image integration of the flow field glow images are carried out, video compression is carried out on the batch processed flow field glow images, and the flow field glow video is obtained.
The image processing method of the glow image acquisition device comprises the following steps:
a. mounting the test model on a support mechanism between a spray pipe and a diffuser of the test section; in the test section, an electrode I is arranged above the test model, an electrode II is arranged below the test model, and the test model is grounded;
b. arranging a glow imaging device outside the test section, and connecting the glow imaging device to a server through a data transmission device;
c. performing equipment joint debugging to determine that the equipment runs normally;
d. collecting flow field glow images;
d1. connecting a camera;
d2. displaying in real time; a camera interface of a glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server displays a test model image in real time;
d3. setting parameters; setting relevant parameters of a glow image acquisition and analysis system of a server, wherein the relevant parameters comprise setting a storage path, setting camera parameters and setting a storage format;
d4. starting to collect; carrying out a wind tunnel test, and collecting a flow field glow image by a glow image collecting and analyzing system of the server;
d5. stopping collecting; after the wind tunnel test is finished, the glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server stops acquiring the flow field glow image;
e. processing an image; the method comprises single flow field glow image processing and batch flow field glow image processing;
e1. processing a glow image of the single flow field;
e11. setting a filtering parameter; setting image filtering parameters in a glow image acquisition and analysis system of a server;
e12. loading a single flow field glow image;
e13. selecting one image processing algorithm from a Sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm or a sharpening algorithm to carry out post-processing on the image data;
e14. storing the processed glow image of the single flow field;
e2. processing flow field glow images in batches;
e21. setting a filtering parameter; setting image filtering parameters in a glow image acquisition and analysis system of a server;
e22. loading a batch flow field glow image;
e23. selecting one image processing algorithm from a Sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm or a sharpening algorithm to process one flow field glow image in the batch flow field glow images;
e24. detecting and evaluating; evaluating the processing effect of a flow field glow image, starting batch processing if the processing effect meets the requirement, or replacing an image processing algorithm, and then carrying out detection evaluation until the processing effect meets the requirement;
e25. carrying out batch treatment; and storing the processed batch flow field glow images.
The glow imaging device in the glow image acquisition device consists of a condenser lens, an optical filter and a camera. The condenser lens and the optical filter can modulate the brightness signal of the flow field glow image, inhibit or filter the background light of the flow field glow image, enhance or weaken the glow intensity, reduce the influence of the test model or the electrode reflection on the flow field glow image, improve the contrast of the flow field glow image and finish the pretreatment of the flow field glow image. The camera is a scientific camera, has the characteristics of high resolution, high frame rate, high dynamic range and the like, and can shoot a high-quality flow field glow image; the camera also has a remote control function and can store flow field glow images in a single-sheet mode or continuously and automatically.
The data transmission device in the glow image acquisition device adopts optical fiber, a USB-optical fiber converter and a USB data line. The optical fiber has the advantages of high transmission speed and large data volume, and is suitable for remote control and real-time transmission and storage of batch flow field glow images; meanwhile, the wind tunnel test of the low-density wind tunnel has the characteristics of high voltage, large current, high air pressure and the like, so that the test environment is relatively complex, and the optical fiber can effectively shield strong electromagnetic interference of the arc heater and the glow electrode. In order to adapt to the USB interfaces of the host computer and the camera of the server, both ends of the optical fiber are sequentially connected with the USB-optical fiber converter and the USB data line.
The server in the glow image acquisition device comprises a host, a display and other accessory equipment, wherein a special glow image acquisition and analysis system is operated on the server to acquire, store and process the flow field glow image. The glow image acquisition and analysis system can be used for remotely controlling the camera to acquire the flow field glow image and post-processing the acquired flow field glow image.
The glow image acquisition and analysis system can process a single flow field glow image and can also process a batch of flow field glow images which are continuously and automatically acquired. The post-processing of the glow image acquisition and analysis system mainly comprises two functions of digital filtering and image integration.
Digital filtering, namely, suppressing the noise of a target image under the condition of keeping the detail features of the image as much as possible, is an indispensable operation in image preprocessing, and the effectiveness and reliability of subsequent image processing and analysis are directly affected by the quality of the processing effect. The glow image processing method effectively inhibits noise and background light and better protects the shape, size and specific geometric and topological structure characteristics of an image target through methods such as bilateral filtering.
Image integration, currently, has two main forms: analog integration and digital integration. The analog integration is to directly integrate the original analog signal of the image, and is often used directly on the imaging device, however, for the system, because the analog integration can increase the image signal of the background light while enhancing the image signal of the target area, the saturation of the imaging device can be caused under certain conditions, and the system is not suitable for the invention. Therefore, the glow image processing method only integrates the image signals of specific colors in the target area by adopting image processing algorithms such as a Sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm or a sharpening algorithm and the like, thereby improving the image contrast, and achieving the effects of filtering background light interference of the glow image of the flow field, enhancing the target image contrast and enhancing the structural characteristics of the flow field.
The glow image acquisition device and the image processing method thereof adopt the condensing lens, the filter and the high-performance camera to form the glow imaging device, realize the modulation of the brightness signal of the target image, preliminarily filter and inhibit the interference of stray background light, enhance the flow field glow image and obtain the high-quality flow field glow image. And then, further processing the obtained flow field glow image by using a glow image acquisition and analysis system, and performing image filtering and image integration by using image processing algorithms such as a Sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm, a sharpening algorithm and the like so as to further filter background light interference of a target image and enhance signal contrast, thereby accurately extracting flow field characteristics and obtaining a wave system structure image around the test model in the wind tunnel flow field.
The glow image acquisition device and the image processing method thereof are mutually matched, and through the combination of the optical filtering and the image enhancement technology, the two problems of low contrast ratio of glow imaging and interference imaging of background light are solved, and the relatively clear observation of the peripheral wave system structure of the test model in the wind tunnel flow field is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a glow image collecting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a software architecture diagram of a glow image acquisition and analysis system of the glow image processing method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of flow field glow image acquisition in the glow image processing method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of flow field glow image processing in the glow image processing method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an original image collected by the glow image collecting device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the results of Sober algorithm processing of the original image by the glow image processing method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the result of entropy algorithm processing of the original image by the glow image processing method according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a result of sharpening the original image by the glow image processing method according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a glow imaging device 2, a server 3, a data transmission device 4 and a test section are arranged;
101. a condenser lens 102, a filter 103, a camera;
301, a USB data line I302, a USB optical fiber converter I303, an optical fiber 304, a USB optical fiber converter II 305, a USB data line II;
401. nozzle 402, diffuser 403, test model 404, electrode I405, and electrode II.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the glow image collecting device of the invention comprises a glow imaging device 1 which is positioned outside a test section 4 and shoots a flow field glow image through an observation window of the test section 4; the device comprises a data transmission device 3 for transmitting the flow field glow image obtained by the glow imaging device 1; the system also comprises a server 2 for receiving the flow field glow image from the data transmission device 3 and processing the flow field glow image;
the glow imaging device 1 comprises a condenser lens 101, an optical filter 102 and a camera 103 in sequence from front to back along an optical path;
the data transmission device 3 sequentially comprises a USB data line I301, a USB optical fiber converter I302, an optical fiber 303, a USB optical fiber converter II 304 and a USB data line II 305 from front to back, the USB data line I301 is connected with the camera 103, and the USB data line II 305 is connected with the server 2;
the server 2 is provided with a glow image acquisition and analysis system, the glow imaging device 1 is remotely controlled to acquire flow field glow images, and the flow field glow images are subjected to data processing to obtain images of wave system structures around the test model in the wind tunnel flow field.
Further, the filter 102 is a band pass filter.
Furthermore, the resolution ratio is at least 2560 multiplied by 2160 pixels, the frame rate is 100fps, the quantum efficiency is 60%, the dynamic range is 30000:1, the flow field glow image storage mode is single-sheet storage or continuous automatic storage, and the minimum acquisition interval of the continuous automatic storage is 0.01 s.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the glow image collecting and analyzing system has 5 interfaces of camera, program, image, browsing and preprocessing; the camera interface is provided with real-time image, stop real-time, automatic gray scale weak, automatic gray scale strong, image conversion setting and camera parameter setting buttons, and adjusts the intercepting pane, the image contrast, the saturation, the tone, the acquisition frequency and the camera exposure time; the image interface is provided with a starting storage, a stopping storage, a single storage and a storage setting, and is used for carrying out real-time display, real-time acquisition and storage, continuous automatic acquisition and storage and stopping acquisition; the preprocessing interface is provided with a loading picture, a sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm, a sharpening algorithm, a picture saving button, a batch processing button and a video compression button, digital filtering and image integration of the flow field glow images are carried out, video compression is carried out on the batch processed flow field glow images, and the flow field glow video is obtained.
The image processing method of the glow image acquisition device comprises the following steps:
a. mounting the test model 403 on a support mechanism between the nozzle 401 and the diffuser 402 of the test section 4; in the test section 4, an electrode I404 is arranged above a test model 403, an electrode II 405 is arranged below the test model 403, and the test model 403 is grounded;
b. arranging a glow imaging device 1 outside the test section 4, and connecting the glow imaging device 1 to a server 2 through a data transmission device 3;
c. performing equipment joint debugging to determine that the equipment runs normally;
d. as shown in fig. 3, flow field glow image acquisition is performed;
d1. connecting a camera 103;
d2. displaying in real time; a camera interface of a glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server 2 displays images of the test model 403 in real time;
d3. setting parameters; setting relevant parameters of a glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server 2, including setting a storage path, setting camera 103 parameters and setting a storage format;
d4. starting to collect; carrying out a wind tunnel test, and collecting a flow field glow image by a glow image collecting and analyzing system of the server 2;
d5. stopping collecting; after the wind tunnel test is finished, the glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server 2 stops acquiring the flow field glow image;
e. as shown in fig. 4, image processing is performed; the method comprises single flow field glow image processing and batch flow field glow image processing;
e1. processing a glow image of the single flow field;
e11. setting a filtering parameter; setting image filtering parameters in a glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server 2;
e12. loading a single flow field glow image;
e13. selecting one image processing algorithm from a Sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm or a sharpening algorithm to carry out post-processing on the image data;
e14. storing the processed glow image of the single flow field;
e2. processing flow field glow images in batches;
e21. setting a filtering parameter; setting image filtering parameters in a glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server 2;
e22. loading a batch flow field glow image;
e23. selecting one image processing algorithm from a Sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm or a sharpening algorithm to process one flow field glow image in the batch flow field glow images;
e24. detecting and evaluating; evaluating the processing effect of a flow field glow image, starting batch processing if the processing effect meets the requirement, or replacing an image processing algorithm, and then carrying out detection evaluation until the processing effect meets the requirement;
e25. carrying out batch treatment; and storing the processed batch flow field glow images.
Example 1
The working process of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, hardware connection of the glow image acquisition device is ensured, a real-time target image is observed through the glow image acquisition and analysis system, meanwhile, each device of the glow image acquisition device is finely adjusted to achieve the best display effect, and then, the glow image acquisition and analysis system is used for setting the display range, the image saturation, the contrast, the liveness, the exposure frequency and other camera parameters of the target image, and parameters such as an image storage interval. In the glow test process, single images can be selected to be stored or continuously and automatically stored, after the images are collected, the images are subjected to post-processing by using a glow image collecting and analyzing system, the single images can be processed by selecting proper parameters by using a Sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm or a sharpening algorithm or processed and stored in batches, and the images before and after processing can be subjected to video compression to reproduce the change process of the tunnel flow field structure in the test process.
The original image of this embodiment is shown in fig. 5, and the obtained Sober algorithm processing result graph, entropy algorithm processing result graph and sharpening algorithm processing result graph are respectively shown in fig. 6, fig. 7 and fig. 8. As can be seen from the figure: after glow image acquisition devices such as a condenser lens, an optical filter and a high-performance camera are adopted, a better flow field image can be acquired in a large-size low-density wind tunnel, but due to the existence of interference light, the image contrast is not high enough, so that the flow field wave system structure around the model is not very obvious. After the Sober algorithm, the entropy algorithm and the sharpening algorithm are adopted for processing, image filtering and image enhancement are realized, and the problems of low contrast of glow images and interference of background light on imaging are greatly improved. The three image processing algorithms have advantages, disadvantages and application range, and can be seen from fig. 6: by adopting a Sober algorithm, shock waves around the model in the flow field are obvious, and the outline of the model is fuzzy; as can be seen in fig. 7: an entropy algorithm is adopted, so that the outline of the model is clear, and the shock wave is slightly fuzzy; as can be seen from fig. 8: after the sharpening algorithm is adopted, the outline and the shock wave structure of the model can be displayed more clearly.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A glow image acquisition device comprises a glow imaging device (1) which is positioned outside a test section (4) and shoots a flow field glow image through an observation window of the test section (4); comprises a data transmission device (3) for transmitting the flow field glow image obtained by the glow imaging device (1); the system also comprises a server (2) for receiving the flow field glow image from the data transmission device (3) and processing the flow field glow image; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the glow imaging device (1) sequentially comprises a condenser lens (101), an optical filter (102) and a camera (103) from front to back along an optical path;
the data transmission device (3) sequentially comprises a USB data line I (301), a USB optical fiber converter I (302), an optical fiber (303), a USB optical fiber converter II (304) and a USB data line II (305) from front to back, the USB data line I (301) is connected with the camera (103), and the USB data line II (305) is connected with the server (2);
the server (2) is provided with a glow image acquisition and analysis system, the glow imaging device (1) is remotely controlled to acquire flow field glow images, and the flow field glow images are subjected to data processing to obtain images of wave system structures around the test model in the wind tunnel flow field.
2. A glow image collecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said filter (102) is a bandpass filter.
3. A glow image collecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said camera (103) is a scientific grade camera with resolution of at least 2560 x 2160 pixels, frame rate of 100fps, quantum efficiency of 60%, dynamic range of 30000:1, flow field glow image storage is single-sheet storage or continuous automatic storage, and the collecting interval of continuous automatic storage is at least 0.01 s.
4. A glow image collecting device according to claim 1, wherein said glow image collecting and analyzing system has 5 interfaces of camera, program, image, browsing and preprocessing; the camera interface is provided with real-time image, stop real-time, automatic gray scale weak, automatic gray scale strong, image conversion setting and camera parameter setting buttons, and adjusts the intercepting pane, the image contrast, the saturation, the tone, the acquisition frequency and the camera exposure time; the image interface is provided with a starting storage, a stopping storage, a single storage and a storage setting, and is used for carrying out real-time display, real-time acquisition and storage, continuous automatic acquisition and storage and stopping acquisition; the preprocessing interface is provided with a loading picture, a sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm, a sharpening algorithm, a picture saving button, a batch processing button and a video compression button, digital filtering and image integration of the flow field glow images are carried out, video compression is carried out on the batch processed flow field glow images, and the flow field glow video is obtained.
5. An image processing method of a glow image collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
a. mounting a test model (403) on a support mechanism between a nozzle (401) and a diffuser (402) of a test section (4); in the test section (4), an electrode I (404) is arranged above the test model (403), an electrode II (405) is arranged below the test model (403), and the test model (403) is grounded;
b. arranging a glow imaging device (1) outside the test section (4), and connecting the glow imaging device (1) to the server (2) through a data transmission device (3);
c. performing equipment joint debugging to determine that the equipment runs normally;
d. collecting flow field glow images;
d1. connecting a camera (103);
d2. displaying in real time; a camera interface of a glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server (2) displays images of the test model (403) in real time;
d3. setting parameters; setting relevant parameters of a glow image acquisition and analysis system of a server (2), including setting a storage path, setting parameters of a camera (103) and setting a storage format;
d4. starting to collect; carrying out a wind tunnel test, and collecting a flow field glow image by a glow image collecting and analyzing system of the server (2);
d5. stopping collecting; after the wind tunnel test is finished, the glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server (2) stops acquiring the flow field glow image;
e. processing an image; the method comprises single flow field glow image processing and batch flow field glow image processing;
e1. processing a glow image of the single flow field;
e11. setting a filtering parameter; setting image filtering parameters in a glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server (2);
e12. loading a single flow field glow image;
e13. selecting one image processing algorithm from a Sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm or a sharpening algorithm to carry out post-processing on the image data;
e14. storing the processed glow image of the single flow field;
e2. processing flow field glow images in batches;
e21. setting a filtering parameter; setting image filtering parameters in a glow image acquisition and analysis system of the server (2);
e22. loading a batch flow field glow image;
e23. selecting one image processing algorithm from a Sober algorithm, an entropy algorithm or a sharpening algorithm to process one flow field glow image in the batch flow field glow images;
e24. detecting and evaluating; evaluating the processing effect of a flow field glow image, starting batch processing if the processing effect meets the requirement, or replacing an image processing algorithm, and then carrying out detection evaluation until the processing effect meets the requirement;
e25. carrying out batch treatment; and storing the processed batch flow field glow images.
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