CN113095913A

CN113095913A - Block chain-based shopping method

Info

Publication number: CN113095913A
Application number: CN202110474726.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨仁慧
Original assignee: Alipay Hangzhou Information Technology Co Ltd; Ant Blockchain Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Current assignee: Alipay Hangzhou Information Technology Co Ltd; Ant Blockchain Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-29
Filing date: 2021-04-29
Publication date: 2021-07-09

Abstract

One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a blockchain-based method for a preemptive purchase. An online shopping preempting system is built based on a blockchain network, a seller issues digital assets corresponding to a selling object through an intelligent contract in the blockchain network, and an association relationship between the digital assets and an owner identification of the selling object is established. One or more of the first-aid-buying participants initiates a first-aid-buying request for the digital asset through an intelligent contract in the blockchain network, and the intelligent contract determines that the first-aid-buying participant has initiated a first-aid-buying request for each first-aid-buying participant qualified for the first-aid-buying request.

Description

Block chain-based shopping method

Technical Field

One or more embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of terminal technologies, and in particular, to a block chain-based shopping method.

Background

The current emergency mode mainly comprises two types of emergency purchase under a wired condition and on a wired condition. For offline emergency purchase, the emergency purchase participants and the seller need to complete emergency purchase and the handover of the sold objects on site, which is not convenient enough for the emergency purchase participants and the seller. For online robbery, even if the party involved in the robbery succeeds, the successful result of the robbery is unreliable.

In view of the above, a method for performing a purchase-robbery with both convenience and reliability is required.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a block chain-based preemption method.

To achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical solutions:

according to a first aspect of one or more embodiments of the present specification, there is provided a blockchain-based preemption method, including:

the seller client side calls an intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the issuing step and the association establishing step; the issuing step includes: issuing digital assets corresponding to the selling objects; the association creating step includes: creating an association between the digital asset and an owner identification of the selling object;

one or more client sides of the first-aid-purchasing participants respectively call intelligent contracts in the block chain network to execute the first-aid-purchasing initiation steps: if the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have the first-time-purchase qualification aiming at the digital assets, determining that the first-time-purchase participant has initiated the first time-purchase;

calling an intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute a first-aid purchase completion step: and updating the association relation by taking the first purchasing participant initiating the first purchasing as a new owner of the selling object.

According to a second aspect of one or more embodiments herein, a blockchain-based preemptive system is provided, comprising a seller client, one or more preemptive participant clients, and a blockchain network;

the seller client side calls the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the issuing step and the association establishing step; the issuing step includes: issuing digital assets corresponding to the selling objects; the association creating step includes: creating an association between the digital asset and an owner identification of the selling object;

one or more client sides of the preemptive party respectively call the intelligent contracts in the block chain network to execute the preemptive initiating steps: if the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have the first-time-purchase qualification aiming at the digital assets, determining that the first-time-purchase participant has initiated the first time-purchase;

in addition, an intelligent contract in the block chain network is called to execute a pre-purchase completion step: and updating the association relation by taking the first purchasing participant initiating the first purchasing as a new owner of the selling object.

In the technical scheme, an online rush-purchase system is constructed based on a block chain network, and a seller issues digital assets corresponding to a selling object through an intelligent contract in the block chain network, so that the selling object under the chain and the digital assets on the chain are anchored; and creating an association relationship between the digital asset and the owner identification of the selling object, so that the ownership of the selling object under the chain takes the association relationship recorded on the chain as an endorsement.

One or more of the first-aid-buying participants initiates a first-aid-buying request for the digital asset through an intelligent contract in the blockchain network, and the intelligent contract determines that the first-aid-buying participant has initiated a first-aid-buying request for each first-aid-buying participant qualified for the first-aid-buying request. Because the digital assets on the chain and the shopping objects under the chain are anchored, the shopping participants initiate the shopping for the digital asset request on the chain, which is equivalent to initiating the shopping for the selling object request under the chain, and the shopping records can be stored by the intelligent contract in the block chain network. Subsequently, when the preemption needs to be completed, determining the first-time-initiation preemption participant from the first-time-initiation preemption participants through an intelligent contract in the blockchain network, and updating the association relationship by taking the first-time-initiation preemption participant as a new owner of the selling object, which is equivalent to updating the credible record of the ownership of the selling object under the chain.

Therefore, although the online robbery based on the block chain does not carry out the on-site robbery and does not complete the actual transfer of the sold objects, the block chain not only ensures the disclosure and credibility of the robbery process, but also stores and proves the robbery results, the successful robbery participants and the seller parties are difficult to repudiate, and other unsuccessful robbery participants can not disagree with the robbery results.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of creating an intelligent contract, provided by an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a calling smart contract provided by an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of creating and invoking an intelligent contract according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a blockchain-based preemption method according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an on-chain preemption process provided by an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating another blockchain-based preemption method according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating another blockchain-based preemption method according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating another blockchain-based preemption method according to an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating another blockchain-based preemption method according to an exemplary embodiment.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with one or more embodiments of the present specification. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of one or more embodiments of the specification, as detailed in the claims which follow.

It should be noted that: in other embodiments, the steps of the corresponding methods are not necessarily performed in the order shown and described herein. In some other embodiments, the method may include more or fewer steps than those described herein. Moreover, a single step described in this specification may be broken down into multiple steps for description in other embodiments; multiple steps described in this specification may be combined into a single step in other embodiments.

Blockchains are generally divided into three types: public chain (Public Blockchain), Private chain (Private Blockchain) and alliance chain (Consortium Blockchain). In addition, there are various types of combinations, such as private chain + federation chain, federation chain + public chain, and other different combinations. The most decentralized of these is the public chain. The public chain is represented by bitcoin and ether house, and the participators joining the public chain can read the data record on the chain, participate in transaction, compete for accounting right of new blocks, and the like. Furthermore, each participant (i.e., node) is free to join and leave the network and perform related operations. Private chains are the opposite, with the network's write rights controlled by an organization or organization and the data read rights specified by the organization. Briefly, a private chain can be a weakly centralized system with strictly limited and few participating nodes. This type of blockchain is more suitable for use within a particular establishment. A federation chain is a block chain between a public chain and a private chain, and "partial decentralization" can be achieved. Each node in a federation chain typically has a physical organization or organization corresponding to it; participants jointly maintain blockchain operation by authorizing to join the network and forming a benefit-related alliance.

Whether public, private, or alliance, may provide the functionality of an intelligent contract. An intelligent contract on a blockchain is a contract that can be executed on a blockchain system triggered by a transaction. An intelligent contract may be defined in the form of code.

Taking the ethernet as an example, the support user creates and invokes some complex logic in the ethernet network, which is the biggest challenge of ethernet to distinguish from bitcoin blockchain technology. The core of the ethernet plant as a programmable blockchain is the ethernet plant virtual machine (EVM), each ethernet plant node can run the EVM. The EVM is a well-behaved virtual machine, which means that a variety of complex logic can be implemented through it. The user issuing and invoking smart contracts in the etherhouse is running on the EVM. In fact, what the virtual machine directly runs is virtual machine code (virtual machine bytecode, hereinafter referred to as "bytecode"). The intelligent contracts deployed on the blockchain may be in the form of bytecodes.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, after Bob sends a transaction containing information to create an intelligent contract to the ethernet network, the EVM of node 1 may execute the transaction and generate a corresponding contract instance. The "0 x6f8ae93 …" in fig. 1 represents the address of the contract, the data field of the transaction holds the byte code, and the to field of the transaction is empty. After agreement is reached between the nodes through the consensus mechanism, this contract is successfully created and can be invoked in subsequent procedures. After the contract is created, a contract account corresponding to the intelligent contract appears on the blockchain and has a specific address, and the contract code is stored in the contract account. The behavior of the intelligent contract is controlled by the contract code. In other words, an intelligent contract causes a virtual account to be generated on a blockchain that contains a contract code and an account store (Storage).

As shown in fig. 2, still taking an ethernet house as an example, after Bob sends a transaction for invoking an intelligent contract to the ethernet house network, the EVM of a certain node may execute the transaction and generate a corresponding contract instance. The from field of the transaction in fig. 2 is the address of the account of the transaction initiator (i.e., Bob), the "0 x6f8ae93 …" in the to field represents the address of the smart contract called, and the value field is the value of tai-currency in the etherhouse, and the data field of the transaction holds the method and parameters for calling the smart contract. After invoking the smart contract, the value of balance may change. Subsequently, a client can view the current value of balance through a blockchain node (e.g., node 6 in fig. 2). The intelligent contract is independently executed at each node in the blockchain network in a specified mode, and all execution records and data are stored on the blockchain, so that after the transaction is completed, transaction certificates which cannot be tampered and cannot be lost are stored on the blockchain.

A schematic diagram of creating an intelligent contract and invoking the intelligent contract is shown in fig. 3. An intelligent contract is created in an Ethernet workshop and needs to be subjected to the processes of compiling the intelligent contract, changing the intelligent contract into byte codes, deploying the intelligent contract to a block chain and the like. The intelligent contract is called in the Ethernet workshop, a transaction pointing to the intelligent contract address is initiated, and the intelligent contract codes are distributed and run in the virtual machine of each node in the Ethernet workshop network.

It should be noted that, in addition to the creation of the smart contracts by the users, the smart contracts may also be set by the system in the creation block. Such contracts are generally referred to as foundational contracts. In general, the data structure, parameters, attributes and methods of some blockchain networks may be set in the startup contract. Further, an account with system administrator privileges may create a contract at the system level, or modify a contract at the system level (simply referred to as a system contract). In addition to EVM in the ethernet, different blockchain networks may employ various virtual machines, which is not limited herein.

After executing a transaction that invokes a smart contract, a node in the blockchain network generates a corresponding receipt (receipt) for recording information related to executing the smart contract. In this way, information about the contract execution results may be obtained by querying the receipt of the transaction. The contract execution result may be represented as an event (event) in the receipt. The message mechanism can realize message passing through an event in a receipt so as to trigger the blockchain node or a node device deploying the blockchain node to execute corresponding processing.

The structure of the event may be, for example:

Event：

[topic][data]

......

in the above example, the number of events may be one or more; wherein, each event respectively comprises fields of a subject (topic) and data (data). The blockchain node or the node device deploying the blockchain node may perform the preset processing by monitoring the topic of the event, in case that the predefined topic is monitored, or read the related content from the data field of the corresponding event, and may perform the preset processing based on the read content.

The blockchain technology is different from the traditional technology in one of decentralization characteristics, namely accounting is performed on each node, or distributed accounting is performed, and the traditional centralized accounting is not performed. To be a difficult-to-defeat, open, non-falsifiable data record decentralized honest and trusted system, the blockchain system needs to be secure, unambiguous, and irreversible in the shortest possible time for distributed data records. In different types of blockchain networks, in order to keep the ledger consistent among the nodes recording the ledger, a consensus algorithm is generally adopted to ensure that the consensus mechanism is the aforementioned mechanism. After a node (e.g., a unique node) creates a block, other nodes record the same block if the created block is recognized by other nodes. The process of the generated block gaining acceptance by other nodes is a consensus mechanism. The consensus mechanism is a mechanism for the blockchain node to achieve a global consensus on the block information (or called blockdata), which can ensure that the latest block is accurately added to the blockchain. The current mainstream consensus mechanisms include: proof of Work (POW), Proof of stock (POS), Proof of commission rights (DPOS), Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) algorithm, HoneyBadgerBFT algorithm, etc.

The current emergency mode is either off-line emergency or on-line emergency. For offline emergency purchase, the emergency purchase participants and the seller need to complete emergency purchase and sell object handover on site, which is not convenient enough for the emergency purchase participants and the seller.

For online shopping, although it is convenient enough for the shopping participants and the seller, the shopping participants and the seller cannot complete the handing over of the selling object online after all, but only can agree to subsequently hand over the selling object to the successful shopping participants. However, firstly, in the online preemption process, there are cases where a plurality of preemption participants request to initiate preemption, and since actual preemption initiation sequence is disputed instead of on-site preemption, the preemption participants that are not considered by the seller to initiate preemption first do not necessarily trust and accept the online preemption result. Secondly, no matter whether the successful party is the seller or the participant, the result of the purchase will not be acknowledged after the online agreement is reached, and the online agreement may be denied, but the party who successfully purchases and the seller cannot deny the other party.

To this end, in one or more embodiments provided in this specification, an online shopping system is constructed based on a blockchain network, and a seller issues digital assets corresponding to a selling object through an intelligent contract in the blockchain network, so as to anchor the selling object under the chain and the digital assets on the chain; and, register the digital identity of the digital asset, write the owner's label of the selling object into the digital identity of the digital asset, make the ownership of the selling object under the chain belong to record in the digital identity document of the digital asset on the chain as the endorsement.

One or more of the first-aid-buying participants initiates a first-aid-buying request for the digital asset through an intelligent contract in the blockchain network, and the intelligent contract determines that the first-aid-buying participant has initiated a first-aid-buying request for each first-aid-buying participant qualified for the first-aid-buying request. Because the digital assets on the chain and the selling objects under the chain are anchored, the first-aid-purchasing participant initiates the first-aid purchase aiming at the digital asset request on the chain, namely initiates the first-aid purchase aiming at the selling objects under the chain, and the first-aid-purchasing record can be stored by the intelligent contract in the block chain network. Subsequently, when the pre-shopping needs to be completed, the pre-shopping participant initiating the pre-shopping firstly is determined from the pre-shopping participants initiating the pre-shopping through an intelligent contract in the block chain network, and the identification of the pre-shopping participant initiating the pre-shopping firstly replaces all the party identifications of the selling objects in the digital identity document of the digital assets, which is equivalent to updating the credible record of the ownership of the selling objects under the chain.

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a block chain-based preemption method provided in this specification, including:

s400: the seller client invokes an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the issuing step and the registering step.

The selling object is the object of the robbery activity, and can be an article or property rights and interests.

The seller as referred to herein is a seller in a first-aid purchase. The seller may or may not be the owner of the object being vended (the individual or institution that owns the object being vended), but may instead act as an auction service to organize the robbery activity by the owner of the object being vended.

The term "purchase party" as used herein refers to a potential buyer participating in a purchase transaction and requesting to initiate a purchase in order to purchase a vended object. Generally speaking, a robbery activity of one vended object will only result in one successful robbery participant that ultimately buys the vended object. In practice, there are cases where a plurality of individuals or institutions deal with a shopping object, in which case the individuals or institutions that initiate the shopping in a joint manner are regarded as one shopping participant.

The client described herein refers to a client of a blockchain network, which is also called a blockchain client. The blockchain client may or may not be a node of a blockchain network (as in the case of a public-link network). The blockchain client can initiate a transaction to the blockchain network, and the intelligent contract in the blockchain network is called through the transaction, so that the blockchain network executes the business related steps of the transaction request based on the code logic recorded in the called intelligent contract. The seller client is a client on one side of the seller, and the first-time-purchase participant client is a client on one side of the first-time-purchase participant.

In some embodiments, only one intelligent contract may be deployed in the blockchain network, the intelligent contract being used to perform the steps (issuing step, registering step, robbery initiation step, robbery completion step) involved in the method shown in fig. 4.

In some embodiments, more than one intelligent contract may be deployed in the blockchain network, and the intelligent contracts share different steps in the method shown in fig. 4, and specifically, one intelligent contract may correspond to one step. In this case, when a certain intelligent contract executes a step, if the function of another intelligent contract is needed, another intelligent contract may be called in an inter-contract calling manner to perform corresponding processing, and a result returned by another intelligent contract is obtained.

For example, if the issuing step and the registering step shown in fig. 4 were performed by different intelligent contracts (assuming that intelligent contract a is used to perform the issuing step and intelligent contract B is used to perform the registering step), then intelligent contract B may invoke intelligent contract a to obtain information about the digital asset when creating the digital identity of the digital asset.

In addition, in the case that the intelligent contract in the blockchain network is called to execute more than one step, the steps may be triggered to be executed by one call or triggered to be executed by multiple calls. For example, the seller client invokes an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the issuing step and the registering step, and may be that the seller client submits a transaction invoking the intelligent contract to the blockchain network, so that both the issuing step and the registering step are performed; the seller client may then submit another transaction to the blockchain network to perform the registration step.

In summary, in the description of the present specification, "invoking an intelligent contract in a blockchain network to perform at least one step" may include multiple cases, where the intelligent contract in the blockchain network is invoked to perform more than one step, where the intelligent contract in the blockchain network is invoked to perform one step, and so on.

In the method of fig. 4, the issuing step refers to issuing the digital asset corresponding to the offering object.

In embodiments of the present description, a digital asset is actually a smart contract in a blockchain network based on a data structure defined by some digital asset protocol. The digital assets on the chain are the mapping of the objects under the chain on the chain, and the digital assets have uniqueness and have anchoring relation with the objects under the chain.

In some embodiments, the digital assets may be defined using the currently popular digital asset protocol (ERC721), which is commonly referred to as Non-homogeneous Token (NFT). In addition, other digital asset protocols may be used to define digital assets.

In the method illustrated in fig. 4, the step of registering refers to registering the digital identity of the digital asset.

In embodiments of the present description, a digital identity is a trusted identity of a digital asset on a chain, the digital identity typically having a digital identity document that typically describes trusted identification information. In some embodiments, a currently popular on-chain digital identity specification, i.e., Decentralized ID (DID), may be used. In addition, other on-chain digital identity specifications may be employed.

In the method illustrated in fig. 4, the digital identity document of the digital asset needs to contain the identity of the seller's object in addition to the identification information. In this way, the owner identification of the selling object recorded in the digital identity document of the digital asset can be used as a trusted endorsement for ownership of the selling object under the chain.

In some embodiments, the seller may record the ownership between the object and the owner of the object.

S402: and one or more client sides of the first-aid-purchasing participants respectively call the intelligent contracts in the block chain network to execute the first-aid-purchasing initiation steps.

The step of initiating the first purchase in the method shown in fig. 4 refers to: if the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have first-time-purchase qualification aiming at the digital assets, the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have initiated first-time-purchase.

Auditing rules can be set in an intelligent contract of the block chain network in advance and used for judging whether a first-time-purchase participant has a first-time-purchase qualification rule or not. The action of the preemption participant eligible to preempt is meaningful in that it requests initiation of a preemption.

In some embodiments, it may be determined whether the time for the client of the first-aid-purchasing participant to invoke the intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the first-aid-purchasing initiation step is within the selling period, if so, it is determined that the first-aid-purchasing participant has the first-aid-purchasing qualification for the digital asset, and if not, it is determined that the first-aid-purchasing participant does not have the first-aid-purchasing qualification for the digital asset. A robbery activity typically has a duration of sale, outside of which a request to initiate a robbery may be deemed invalid, i.e., not eligible for a robbery.

In some embodiments, it may be determined whether other pre-purchase participants have already initiated a pre-purchase before, if so, it is determined that the pre-purchase participant does not qualify for a pre-purchase, and if not, it is determined that the pre-purchase participant qualifies for a pre-purchase.

In some embodiments, the first-purchase participant can carry first-purchase qualification audit information corresponding to the first-purchase participant in the transaction submitted by the first-purchase initiation step for calling an intelligent contract in the block chain network, and the intelligent contract performs qualification audit based on a built-in audit rule. In particular, the first-aid party may be required to meet certain qualifications (e.g., account balance to a certain amount, such as age greater than age). In practical application, the conditions that the emergency-purchasing participants should meet with the emergency-purchasing qualification can be flexibly set according to needs.

After determining that the emergency party has initiated the emergency, an emergency record corresponding to the emergency party can be created. The preemption record can be used to record the time of initiation of a preemption by a preemption participant. In addition, other information such as the identity of the party involved in the emergency purchase can be recorded in the emergency purchase record.

S404: and calling an intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute a pre-purchase completion step.

The steps of the method shown in fig. 4 for completing the emergency purchase refer to: and updating the owner identification of the selling object contained in the digital identity document by taking the first purchasing participant initiating the first purchasing as the new owner of the selling object.

It should be noted that in the pre-purchase completion step, the pre-purchase participant who initiates the pre-purchase is determined from the pre-purchase participants who qualify for the pre-purchase. In some embodiments, for a pre-treatment participant that does not have the pre-treatment qualification, it is not generally determined that the pre-treatment participant has initiated a pre-treatment, nor is it determined that the pre-treatment record of the pre-treatment participant, so that the pre-treatment participant that first initiates a pre-treatment can be determined according to each pre-treatment record.

In other embodiments, for a pre-purchase participant not having the pre-purchase qualification, the pre-purchase record of the pre-purchase participant may also be determined, but the pre-purchase record not having the pre-purchase qualification needs to be distinguished from the pre-purchase record having the pre-purchase qualification, and then when the pre-purchase completion step is implemented, the pre-purchase participant that initiates the pre-purchase first is determined according to the pre-purchase record having the pre-purchase qualification.

In some embodiments, the intelligent contracts in the blockchain network may be invoked to perform a pre-purchase completion step after the vending session is over. Thus, in the first-aid purchase completion step: the new owner of the selling object may be the first purchasing participant to initiate a purchase during the sale period.

There may be more than one instance for the agent invoking the intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the pre-emption completion step. In some embodiments, the seller client may invoke an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the pre-purchase completion steps.

In some embodiments, the seller client may invoke an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the pre-purchase completion steps. In addition, the clients of other subjects (such as the first party initiating the preemption, any party initiating the preemption) may also invoke the intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the preemption completion step.

In some embodiments, when the owner client invokes the intelligent contract in the blockchain network to execute the first-purchase completion step, the updating of the owner identifier in the first-purchase completion step may specifically be: and verifying the signature submitted by the client of the owner for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the public key of the owner, and updating the identifier of the owner if the signature passes the verification.

The owner public key may be included in the digital identity document of the digital asset, or may be included in the digital identity document of the owner. And the client of the owner invokes an intelligent contract in the block chain network in advance to register the digital identity of the owner.

In some embodiments, when the seller client invokes the intelligent contract in the blockchain network to execute the first-purchase completion step according to the determination result, the updating of the owner identifier in the first-purchase completion step may specifically be: and verifying the signature submitted by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the seller public key, and updating the identification of all parties if the signature passes the verification.

The seller public key may be included in the digital identity document of the digital asset or the seller digital identity document. And the seller client pre-calls an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to register the digital identity of the seller.

In addition, in the foregoing emergency purchase initiating step, when determining whether the emergency purchase participant has the emergency purchase qualification for the digital asset, the public key of the emergency purchase participant included in the digital identity document of the emergency purchase participant may be used to verify that the client of the emergency purchase participant performs the signature submitted in the emergency purchase initiating step in order to invoke the intelligent contract in the block chain network, if the signature passes the verification, the client continues to determine that the emergency purchase participant has the emergency purchase qualification for the digital asset, and if the signature does not pass the verification, the client refuses to determine whether the emergency purchase participant has the emergency purchase qualification for the digital asset. The one or more clients of the first-aid-buying participators respectively call the intelligent contracts in the block chain network in advance, the digital identities of the first-aid-buying participators are registered, and the digital identity documents of the first-aid-buying participators contain the public keys of the first-aid-buying participators.

In addition, in some embodiments, the owner identifier of the selling object may be a digital identity of an owner who has invoked the smart contract registration in the blockchain network in advance by an owner client. The identifier of the first-time-initiated pre-shopping participant may be a digital identity of the first-time-initiated pre-shopping participant registered by the client of the first-time-initiated pre-shopping participant invoking the intelligent contract in the blockchain network.

In addition to requesting initiation of a preemption and determining a result of a preemption, a transfer of a cost can also be completed on the chain.

Specifically, in the first-time purchase completion step, the price of the digital asset may be transferred from the account of the first-time purchase participant who initiated the first time purchase to the account of the smart contract or the account of the original owner of the selling object.

Further, to prevent the amount of money in the account of the smart contract from being transferred, the amount of money in the smart contract may be frozen.

In some embodiments, in the step of initiating the first purchase, it may be determined whether the account balance of the first purchase participant is less than the price of the digital asset, and if so, it is determined that the first purchase participant does not have the first purchase qualification.

In the method illustrated in FIG. 4, the digital assets issued by the seller on the chain do not necessarily participate in the first-order activity. In particular, the seller client invoking intelligent contract execution in the blockchain network may also include asset management steps. The asset management step is as follows: placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state. If the selling object corresponding to the digital asset needs to be sold, setting the state of the digital asset anchored on the chain of the selling object as a selling state; and if the selling object corresponding to the digital asset does not need to be sold, setting the state of the digital asset anchored on the chain of the selling object as a non-selling state.

For digital assets in a non-sellable state, the intelligent dating refuses to perform a robbery initiation step and/or a robbery completion step.

For example, in the step of initiating the robbery, if the digital asset is placed in a vendable state, the record of the robbery participant for the digital asset is determined, and if the digital asset is placed in a non-vendable state, the record of the robbery participant for the digital asset is refused to be determined.

Further, the intelligent contract may verify the signature submitted by the seller client for executing the asset management step for the intelligent contract in the calling blockchain network, and only if the verification is passed, the digital asset is placed in a vendable state or a non-vendable state. Wherein the seller public key is included in the digital identity document of the digital asset.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an on-chain auction process provided by the present specification. As shown in fig. 5, the seller client calls an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to issue an NFT corresponding to the selling object and registers a DID for the NFT. Meanwhile, the seller client places the selling object in the intelligent contract into a selling state, and sets the selling price and the limiting conditions which are satisfied by the robbery qualification.

The seller's website may then present the sold offering object along with the corresponding NFT code. The method comprises the steps that a party who wants to deal with the selling object can obtain a corresponding NFT code, the NFT code is appointed in a mode of initiating transaction to a blockchain network, and meanwhile an intelligent contract is called to request for dealing with the selling object.

In fig. 5 it is shown that the first-aid-buying participant 1 and the first-aid-buying participant 2 respectively request to initiate a first-aid-buying during the selling period, assuming that the first-aid-buying participant 1 initiates a first-aid-buying at 5 o 'clock of the day and the first-aid-buying participant 2 issues a first-aid-buying at 4 o' clock 55 of the day. After the pre-shopping is finished, the seller client calls an intelligent contract to finish the pre-shopping, the pre-shopping participant 2 is determined to initiate the pre-shopping firstly, the pre-shopping participant 2 successfully purchases NFT, and all party identifiers of the selling objects recorded in the DID document of the NFT are modified into the identifiers of the pre-shopping participant 2, so that the endorsement is finished for ownership attribution of the selling objects under the chain.

Fig. 6 is a flow chart of another blockchain-based preemption method provided by the present specification, including:

s600: the seller client invokes an intelligent contract in the first blockchain network to perform the issuing step.

S602: the seller client invokes an intelligent contract in the second blockchain network to perform the registration step.

S604: and one or more client sides of the first block chain network respectively call the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first purchase initiation step.

S606: and calling an intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute a first purchase completion step.

The method shown in fig. 6 is based on the method shown in fig. 4. The main difference between the method of figure 6 and the method of figure 4 is that in the method of figure 6, the blockchain network utilized by the seller to distribute the digital asset (the first blockchain network) is not the same blockchain network as the blockchain network utilized by the seller to register the digital identity of the digital asset (the second blockchain network). In addition, intelligent contracts used for executing the first-time purchase initiating step and the first-time purchase completing step are deployed in the first block chain network. The second blockchain network is a blockchain network dedicated to registering and managing digital identities.

The principles of the embodiments of the method of FIG. 6 are similar to the embodiments of the method of FIG. 4, and it will be appreciated that the main difference between the embodiments of FIG. 6 and FIG. 4 is that in the embodiments of the method of FIG. 6, when an intelligent contract in a first blockchain network needs to invoke a function related to a digital identity (e.g., read data from a digital identity document, modify data in a digital identity document), an intelligent contract in a second blockchain network needs to be invoked across chains.

The various embodiments of the method shown in FIG. 6 are briefly described as follows:

judging whether the emergency party has emergency qualification, including: and judging whether the time for the client of the first block chain network to call the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first-purchase initiating step is within the selling period, if so, determining that the first-purchase participant has the first-purchase qualification, and if not, determining that the first-purchase participant does not have the first-purchase qualification.

Judging whether the party participating in the emergency purchase has emergency purchase qualification, including; and judging whether other robbery participants have already initiated the robbery before, if so, determining that the robbery participants do not have the robbery qualification, and if not, determining that the robbery participants have the robbery qualification.

Calling an intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute a first purchase completion step, wherein the first purchase completion step comprises the following steps: after the selling period is finished, calling an intelligent contract in the first blockchain network to execute a first purchasing completion step.

And calling an intelligent contract in the first blockchain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by the seller client or the owner client of the selling object.

Under the condition that the client of the owner calls the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first purchase completion step, updating the identifier of the owner in the first purchase completion step, wherein the updating comprises the following steps: and verifying the signature submitted by the client of the owner for calling the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the public key of the owner, and updating the identifier of the owner if the signature passes the verification.

The owner public key is included in a digital identity document of the digital asset. Or, the owner public key is included in the digital identity document of the owner; and the owner client pre-calls the intelligent contract in the second blockchain network to register the digital identity of the owner.

Under the condition that the seller client calls an intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first-time purchase completion step according to the determined result, updating all party identifications in the first-time purchase completion step, wherein the updating comprises the following steps: and verifying the signature submitted by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the seller public key, and updating the identification of all parties if the signature passes the verification.

The seller public key is included with a digital identity document of the digital asset; or the seller public key is contained in the seller digital identity document; wherein the seller client pre-invokes a smart contract in the first blockchain network to register a digital identity of the seller.

The method shown in fig. 6 further comprises: the one or more client sides of the first purchasing participant respectively call the intelligent contracts in the second block chain network in advance to execute: registering a digital identity of the first-aid-purchasing participant; the digital identity document of the purchasing party contains the public key of the purchasing party. Judging whether the emergency party has emergency qualification, including: and verifying the signature submitted by the client of the first block chain network for calling the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first-purchase initiating step by using the public key of the first-purchase party contained in the digital identity document of the first-purchase party, if the signature passes the verification, determining that the first-purchase party has the first-purchase qualification, and if the signature does not pass the verification, determining that the first-purchase party does not have the first-purchase qualification.

An owner identification of the vended object, comprising: and the client of the owner pre-calls the digital identity of the owner registered by the intelligent contract in the second blockchain network. An identification of a preemption participant that initiates a preemption first, comprising: and the client of the first purchasing participant initiating the purchasing in advance calls the digital identity of the purchasing participant registered by the intelligent contract in the second blockchain network.

The first-aid purchase finishing step further comprises the following steps: and transferring the price of the digital asset from the account of the first-initiated pre-purchase party to the account of the intelligent contract or the account of the original owner of the selling object.

The types of accounts include: an account created based on a blockchain protocol, or an account created based on an intelligent contract in the first blockchain network.

The first-aid purchase initiating step also comprises: freezing the price of the digital asset in an account of an intelligent contract in the first blockchain network.

Determining that the first-purchase participant qualifies for a first-purchase of the digital asset, comprising: and judging whether the account balance of the first-time-purchase participant is less than the price of the digital assets, and if so, determining that the first-time-purchase participant does not have the first-time-purchase qualification.

The first-aid purchase initiating step also comprises: and if the first-time-purchase participant is determined not to have the first-time-purchase qualification aiming at the digital assets, determining that the first-time-purchase participant does not initiate the first time-purchase.

The method shown in fig. 6 further comprises: the step of calling the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute by the seller client also comprises an asset management step; the asset management step comprises: placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state; and if the digital assets are set to be in the non-selling state, the intelligent contract in the first block chain network refuses to be called to execute the first purchase initiating step.

The digital identity document also contains a seller public key. Placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state, comprising: and acquiring a seller public key contained in the digital identity document from the intelligent contract in the second block chain network in a cross-chain manner, verifying the signature submitted by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the asset management step by using the acquired seller public key, and setting the digital asset in a selling state or a non-selling state if the verification is passed.

Fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of another blockchain-based preemption method provided in this specification, including:

s700: the seller client invokes an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the issuing step and the association creating step.

Wherein the issuing step comprises: digital assets corresponding to the vended objects are issued. The association creating step includes: an association between the digital asset and the owner identification of the selling object is created.

S702: and one or more client sides of the first-aid-purchasing participants respectively call the intelligent contracts in the block chain network to execute the first-aid-purchasing initiation steps.

The method comprises the steps of: if the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have first-time-purchase qualification aiming at the digital assets, the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have initiated first-time-purchase.

S704: and calling an intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute a pre-purchase completion step.

And updating the association relationship by taking the first-initiated pre-purchasing participant as the new owner of the selling object, namely updating the association relationship between the digital asset and the original owner identification of the selling object into the association relationship between the digital asset and the first-initiated pre-purchasing participant.

The method shown in fig. 7 is based on the method shown in fig. 4. The main difference between the method shown in fig. 7 and the method shown in fig. 4 is that in the method shown in fig. 7, instead of registering a digital identity for a digital asset, an association between the digital asset and the owner identification of the selling object is created, and the ownership of the selling object under the chain is endorsed by using the association created on the chain. After the pre-purchase is completed, the pre-purchase participant initiating the pre-purchase is associated with the digital asset, and the original owner of the selling object is disassociated from the digital asset.

The principles of the embodiments of the method illustrated in fig. 7 are similar to those of the embodiments of the method illustrated in fig. 4 and can be understood with reference thereto. The various embodiments of the method shown in FIG. 7 are briefly described as follows:

judging whether the emergency party has emergency qualification, including: and judging whether the time for the client of the first-aid-purchasing participant to call the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the first-aid-purchasing initiating step is within the selling period, if so, determining that the first-aid-purchasing participant has the first-aid-purchasing qualification, and if not, determining that the first-aid-purchasing participant does not have the first-aid-purchasing qualification.

Calling an intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute a first-aid purchase completion step, wherein the first-aid purchase completion step comprises the following steps: after the selling period is finished, calling an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to execute a pre-purchase completion step.

And calling an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by the seller client or the owner client of the selling object.

Under the condition that the client of the owner calls the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step, updating the association relationship in the pre-purchase completion step, wherein the updating step comprises the following steps: and verifying the signature submitted by the client of the owner for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the public key of the owner, and updating the association relationship if the signature passes the verification.

The owner public key is included in a digital identity document of the digital asset. Or, the owner public key is included in the digital identity document of the owner; and the client of the owner pre-calls an intelligent contract in the block chain network to register the digital identity of the owner.

Under the condition that the seller client calls the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the first-time purchase completion step according to the determined result, the updating of the association relationship in the first-time purchase completion step comprises the following steps: and verifying the signature submitted by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the seller public key, and updating the association relationship if the signature passes the verification.

The seller public key is included with a digital identity document of the digital asset. Or, the seller public key is contained in the seller digital identity document; wherein the seller client pre-invokes a smart contract in the blockchain network to register a digital identity of the seller.

The method of fig. 7 further comprises: the one or more client sides of the first-purchase participants respectively call intelligent contracts in the block chain network in advance to execute: registering a digital identity of the first-aid-purchasing participant; the digital identity document of the purchasing party contains the public key of the purchasing party. Judging whether the emergency party has emergency qualification, including: and verifying the signature submitted by the client of the first-aid party for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the first-aid initiating step by using the public key of the first-aid party contained in the digital identity document of the first-aid party, if the signature passes the verification, determining that the first-aid party has the first-aid qualification, and if the signature does not pass the verification, determining that the first-aid party does not have the first-aid qualification.

An owner identification of the vended object, comprising: and the client of the owner pre-calls the digital identity of the owner registered by the intelligent contract in the blockchain network. An identification of a preemption participant that initiates a preemption first, comprising: the client of the first-time starting the pre-purchasing party calls the digital identity of the pre-purchasing party registered by the intelligent contract in the block chain network in advance.

The first-aid purchase finishing step further comprises the following steps: and transferring the price of the digital asset from the account of the first-initiated-first-purchased party to the account of the intelligent contract in the blockchain network or the account of the original owner of the selling object.

The types of accounts include: an account created based on a blockchain protocol, or an account created based on an intelligent contract in the blockchain network.

The method of fig. 7 further comprises: the step of calling the intelligent contract in the blockchain network to execute by the seller client further comprises an asset management step; the asset management step comprises: placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state; and if the digital assets are set to be in the non-selling state, the intelligent contracts in the block chain network refuse to be called to execute the purchase-robbing initiating step.

The digital identity document also contains a seller public key. Placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state, comprising: and verifying the signature submitted by the asset management step executed by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract in the blockchain network, and if the signature passes the verification, setting the digital asset to be in a selling state or a non-selling state.

Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of another blockchain-based preemption method provided in this specification, including:

s800: the seller client invokes an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the issuing step.

The issuing step is as follows: digital assets corresponding to the vended objects are issued.

And the owner of the selling object calls a digital identity document of a digital identity registered by the intelligent contract in the blockchain network, and the ownership of the digital asset by the owner is recorded.

S802: and one or more client sides of the first-aid-purchasing participants respectively call the intelligent contracts in the block chain network to execute the first-aid-purchasing initiation steps.

The first-aid purchase initiating step is as follows: if the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have first-time-purchase qualification aiming at the digital assets, the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have initiated first-time-purchase.

S804: and calling an intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute a pre-purchase completion step.

The first-aid purchase finishing steps are as follows: and deleting the ownership relationship of the owner to the digital assets from the digital identity document of the owner, calling the digital identity document of the digital identities registered by the intelligent contracts in the block chain network to the first purchase party initiating the pre-purchase, and writing the ownership relationship of the pre-purchase party to the digital assets.

The method shown in fig. 8 is based on the method shown in fig. 4. The main difference between the method of fig. 8 and the method of fig. 4 is that in the method of fig. 8, instead of registering a digital identity for a digital asset whose sale object is anchored in a chain, a digital identity is registered for the owner of the sale object, who has an ownership of the digital asset documented in the owner's digital identity. In this manner, ownership of a vend object anchored by a digital asset under a chain is provided with a trusted endorsement, utilizing ownership of the digital asset recorded in the digital identity document of the owner. In the first-purchase completion step, the transfer of ownership of the digital assets on the chain is completed by updating the ownership relationship to the digital assets, thereby mapping to the transfer of ownership of the selling objects under the chain.

The principles of the embodiments of the method illustrated in fig. 8 are similar to those of the embodiments of the method illustrated in fig. 4 and can be understood with reference thereto. The various embodiments of the method shown in FIG. 8 are briefly described as follows:

Under the condition that the client of the owner calls the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step, the step of adjusting the ownership relationship comprises the following steps: and verifying the signature submitted by the client of the owner for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the public key of the owner, and adjusting the ownership if the signature passes the verification.

The owner public key is included in a digital identity document of the digital asset; and the seller client pre-calls an intelligent contract in the block chain network to register a digital identity for the digital asset. Alternatively, the owner public key is included in the owner's digital identity document.

Under the condition that the seller client calls an intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the first-time purchase completion step according to the determined result, the step of adjusting the ownership relationship comprises the following steps: and verifying the signature submitted by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the seller public key, and adjusting the ownership if the signature passes the verification.

The seller public key is included with a digital identity document of the digital asset; and the seller client pre-calls an intelligent contract in the block chain network to register a digital identity for the digital asset. Alternatively, the seller public key is included in a digital identity document of the seller.

Judging whether the emergency party has emergency qualification, including: and using the public key of the robbery participant in the digital identity document of the digital identity registered by the intelligent contract in the blockchain network called by the robbery participant to verify the signature submitted by the client of the robbery participant to execute the robbery initiation step for calling the intelligent contract in the blockchain network, if the signature passes the verification, determining that the robbery participant has the robbery qualification, and if the signature does not pass the verification, determining that the robbery participant does not have the robbery qualification.

The method of fig. 8 further comprises: the seller client invoking intelligent contract execution in the blockchain network further includes an asset management step comprising: placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state; and if the digital assets are set to be in the non-selling state, the intelligent contracts in the block chain network refuse to be called to execute the purchase-robbing initiating step.

Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of another blockchain-based preemption method provided in this specification, including:

s900: the seller client invokes an intelligent contract in the first blockchain network to perform the issuing step.

The issuing step: digital assets corresponding to the vended objects are issued.

And the owner of the selling object calls the digital identity document of the digital identity registered by the intelligent contract in the second blockchain network, and the ownership of the digital asset by the owner is recorded.

S902: and one or more client sides of the first block chain network respectively call the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first purchase initiation step.

S904: and calling an intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute a first purchase completion step.

The first-aid purchase finishing steps are as follows: and calling the intelligent contract in the second block chain network in a cross-chain manner, deleting the ownership relationship of the digital asset by the owner from the digital identity document of the owner, calling the digital identity document registered by the intelligent contract in the second block chain network to the first purchase party initiating the purchase, and writing the ownership relationship of the digital asset by the purchase party into the digital identity document registered by the intelligent contract in the second block chain network.

The method shown in fig. 9 is based on the method shown in fig. 8. The main difference between the method of figure 9 and the method of figure 8 is that in the method of figure 9, the blockchain network utilized by the seller to distribute digital assets (the first blockchain network) is not the same blockchain network as the blockchain network utilized to register the digital identities of the original owner and the new owner (the second blockchain network). In addition, intelligent contracts used for executing the first-time purchase initiating step and the first-time purchase completing step are deployed in the first block chain network. The second blockchain network is a blockchain network dedicated to registering and managing digital identities.

The principles of the embodiments of the method of FIG. 9 are similar to the embodiments of the method of FIG. 8, and it should be understood that the main difference between the embodiments of FIG. 9 and FIG. 8 is that in the embodiments of the method of FIG. 9, when an intelligent contract in a first blockchain network needs to invoke a function related to a digital identity (e.g., read data from a digital identity document, modify data in a digital identity document), an intelligent contract in a second blockchain network needs to be invoked across chains.

The various embodiments of the method shown in FIG. 9 are briefly described as follows:

Under the condition that the client of the owner calls the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first purchase completion step, the step of adjusting the ownership relationship comprises the following steps: and verifying the signature submitted by the owner client for calling the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the owner public key, and adjusting the ownership if the signature passes the verification.

The owner public key is included in a digital identity document of the digital asset; and the seller client pre-calls the intelligent contract in the second block chain network to register the digital identity for the digital asset. Alternatively, the owner public key is included in the owner's digital identity document.

Under the condition that the seller client calls an intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first purchasing completion step according to the determined result, the step of adjusting the ownership relationship comprises the following steps: and verifying the signature submitted by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the seller public key, and adjusting the ownership if the signature passes the verification.

The seller public key is included with a digital identity document of the digital asset; and the seller client pre-calls an intelligent contract in the second blockchain network to register a digital identity for the digital asset, or the seller public key is contained in a digital identity document of the seller.

Judging whether the emergency party has emergency qualification, including: calling the intelligent contract in the second block chain network in a cross-link mode to acquire a public key of the purchasing party in a digital identity document of a digital identity registered by the purchasing party calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network; and verifying the signature submitted by the client of the first regional chain network for calling the intelligent contract in the first regional chain network to execute the first-time purchase initiating step by using the acquired public key of the first-time purchase party, if the signature passes the verification, determining that the first-time purchase party has the first-time purchase qualification, and if the signature does not pass the verification, determining that the first-time purchase party does not have the first-time purchase qualification.

The first-aid purchase finishing step further comprises the following steps: and transferring the price of the digital asset from the account of the first-time-initiated pre-purchase party to the account of the intelligent contract in the first blockchain network or the account of the original owner of the selling object.

The method of fig. 9 further comprises: the step of calling the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute by the seller client also comprises an asset management step; the asset management step comprises: placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state; and if the digital assets are set to be in the non-selling state, the intelligent contracts in the block chain network refuse to be called to execute the purchase-robbing initiating step.

The digital identity document also contains a seller public key. Placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state, comprising: and verifying the signature submitted by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract execution asset management step in the first block chain network, and if the signature passes the verification, setting the digital asset in a selling state or a non-selling state.

Further, the present specification also provides:

a block chain-based shopping system comprises a seller client, one or more shopping participant clients and a block chain network;

the seller client side calls the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the issuing step and the registering step; the issuing step includes: issuing digital assets corresponding to the selling objects; the registering step comprises: registering a digital identity for the digital asset, a digital identity document of the digital asset containing an owner identification of the selling object;

in addition, an intelligent contract in the block chain network is called to execute a pre-purchase completion step: and updating the owner identification of the selling object contained in the digital identity document by taking the first purchasing participant initiating the first purchasing as the new owner of the selling object.

And the seller client calls the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute a purchase-robbing completion step.

The seller is a selling service that brokers the owner of the selling object for sale, and the system further includes an owner client.

And the client of the all parties calls the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute a purchase-robbing completion step.

A block chain-based shopping system comprises a seller client, one or more shopping participant clients, a first block chain network and a second block chain network;

the seller client side calls the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the issuing step: issuing digital assets corresponding to the selling objects; calling an intelligent contract in the second blockchain network to execute a registration step: registering a digital identity for the digital asset; the digital identity document of the digital asset containing an owner identification of the selling object;

one or more clients of the first block chain network call the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first purchase initiation steps: if the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have the first-time-purchase qualification aiming at the digital assets, determining that the first-time-purchase participant has initiated the first time-purchase;

in addition, an intelligent contract in the first block chain network is called to execute a pre-purchase completion step: and taking the first purchase participant initiating the purchase as a new owner of the selling object, and cross-chain calling the intelligent contract in the second blockchain network to update the owner identification of the selling object contained in the digital identity document.

And the seller client calls the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute a purchase-robbing completion step.

And the client of the owner calls the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute a purchase-robbing completion step.

the seller client side calls the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the issuing step: issuing digital assets corresponding to the selling objects; the owner of the selling object calls a digital identity document of a digital identity registered by an intelligent contract in the blockchain network, and the ownership of the digital asset by the owner is recorded;

in addition, an intelligent contract in the block chain network is called to execute a pre-purchase completion step: and deleting the ownership relationship of the owner to the digital assets from the digital identity document of the owner, calling the digital identity document of the digital identities registered by the intelligent contracts in the block chain network to the first purchase party initiating the pre-purchase, and writing the ownership relationship of the pre-purchase party to the digital assets.

the seller client side calls the intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the issuing step: issuing digital assets corresponding to the selling objects; wherein, the digital identity document of the digital identity registered by the intelligent contract in the second block chain network called by the owner of the selling object records the ownership of the digital asset by the owner;

one or more client sides of the first block chain network respectively call an intelligent contract in the first block chain network to execute the first purchase initiation steps: if the first-time-purchase participant is determined to have the first-time-purchase qualification aiming at the digital assets, determining that the first-time-purchase participant has initiated the first time-purchase;

in addition, an intelligent contract in the first block chain network is called to execute a pre-purchase completion step: and calling the intelligent contract in the second block chain network in a cross-chain manner, deleting the ownership relationship of the digital asset by the owner from the digital identity document of the owner, calling the digital identity document registered by the intelligent contract in the second block chain network to the first purchase party initiating the purchase, and writing the ownership relationship of the digital asset by the purchase party into the digital identity document registered by the intelligent contract in the second block chain network.

The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functions of the various elements may be implemented in the same one or more software and/or hardware implementations of the present description.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

This description may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. In a typical configuration, a computer includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic disk storage, quantum memory, graphene-based storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.

It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.

The terminology used in the description of the one or more embodiments is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the description of the one or more embodiments. As used in one or more embodiments of the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in one or more embodiments of the present description to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments herein. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A block chain-based preemptive purchasing method comprises the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, the merchandise object, comprising: an item, or property interest.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the seller is an owner of the selling object or a selling service that brokers the owner of the selling object for sale.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the digital asset is a non-homogeneous voucher NFT.

5. The method of claim 1, determining whether the robbery participant qualifies for a robbery, comprising:

and judging whether the time for the client of the first-aid-purchasing participant to call the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the first-aid-purchasing initiating step is within the selling period, if so, determining that the first-aid-purchasing participant has the first-aid-purchasing qualification, and if not, determining that the first-aid-purchasing participant does not have the first-aid-purchasing qualification.

6. The method of claim 1, determining whether the robbery participant qualifies for a robbery, comprising;

and judging whether other robbery participants have already initiated the robbery before, if so, determining that the robbery participants do not have the robbery qualification, and if not, determining that the robbery participants have the robbery qualification.

7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, invoking an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform a pre-emption completion step, comprising:

after the selling period is finished, calling an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to execute a pre-purchase completion step.

8. The method of claim 1, a seller client or an owner client of the selling object invoking an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the pre-emption completion step.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in a case that the owner client invokes an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the first-purchase completion step, the updating of the association relationship in the first-purchase completion step includes:

and verifying the signature submitted by the client of the owner for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the public key of the owner, and updating the association relationship if the signature passes the verification.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the owner's public key is included in a digital identity document of the digital asset;

or

The owner public key is contained in a digital identity document of the owner; and the client of the owner pre-calls an intelligent contract in the block chain network to register the digital identity of the owner.

11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the updating of the association relationship in the pre-purchase completing step, when the seller client invokes the intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform the pre-purchase completing step according to the determination result, comprises:

and verifying the signature submitted by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the pre-purchase completion step by using the seller public key, and updating the association relationship if the signature passes the verification.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the seller public key is included in a digital identity document of the digital asset;

or

The seller public key is contained in a digital identity document of the seller; wherein the seller client pre-invokes a smart contract in the blockchain network to register a digital identity of the seller.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

the one or more client sides of the first-purchase participants respectively call intelligent contracts in the block chain network in advance to execute: registering a digital identity of the first-aid-purchasing participant; the digital identity document of the purchasing participant comprises a public key of the purchasing participant;

judging whether the emergency party has emergency qualification, including:

and verifying the signature submitted by the client of the first-aid party for calling the intelligent contract in the block chain network to execute the first-aid initiating step by using the public key of the first-aid party contained in the digital identity document of the first-aid party, if the signature passes the verification, determining that the first-aid party has the first-aid qualification, and if the signature does not pass the verification, determining that the first-aid party does not have the first-aid qualification.

14. The method of claim 1, the vendor object owner identification comprising: the client of all parties pre-calls the digital identity of all parties registered by the intelligent contract in the block chain network;

an identification of a preemption participant that initiates a preemption first, comprising: the client of the first-time starting the pre-purchasing party calls the digital identity of the pre-purchasing party registered by the intelligent contract in the block chain network in advance.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-emption completion step further comprises:

and transferring the price of the digital asset from the account of the first-initiated-first-purchased party to the account of the intelligent contract in the blockchain network or the account of the original owner of the selling object.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the type of account comprises: an account created based on a blockchain protocol, or an account created based on an intelligent contract in the blockchain network.

17. The method of claim 15, determining that the purchase-robbing participant qualifies for a purchase of the digital asset comprises:

and judging whether the account balance of the first-time-purchase participant is less than the price of the digital assets, and if so, determining that the first-time-purchase participant does not have the first-time-purchase qualification.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of initiating a pre-purchase further comprises:

and if the first-time-purchase participant is determined not to have the first-time-purchase qualification aiming at the digital assets, determining that the first-time-purchase participant does not initiate the first time-purchase.

19. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

the step of calling the intelligent contract in the blockchain network to execute by the seller client further comprises an asset management step; the asset management step comprises: placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state; and if the digital assets are set to be in the non-selling state, the intelligent contracts in the block chain network refuse to be called to execute the purchase-robbing initiating step.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the digital identity document further comprises a seller public key;

placing the digital asset in a vendable state or a non-vendable state, comprising:

and verifying the signature submitted by the asset management step executed by the seller client for calling the intelligent contract in the blockchain network, and if the signature passes the verification, setting the digital asset to be in a selling state or a non-selling state.

21. A block chain-based shopping system comprises a seller client, one or more shopping participant clients and a block chain network;

22. The system of claim 21, the seller client invoking an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform a pre-emption completion step.

23. The system of claim 21, the seller is a sales service that brokers the sale of the seller's owner for sale, the system further comprising an owner client.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the owner client invokes an intelligent contract in the blockchain network to perform a pre-emption completion step.