CN113094825B - Design method for sacrificial anode size of ship and marine structure - Google Patents
Design method for sacrificial anode size of ship and marine structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113094825B CN113094825B CN202110329798.4A CN202110329798A CN113094825B CN 113094825 B CN113094825 B CN 113094825B CN 202110329798 A CN202110329798 A CN 202110329798A CN 113094825 B CN113094825 B CN 113094825B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/16—Electrodes characterised by the combination of the structure and the material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of the dimension of a sacrificial anode of a ship and marine structure, which comprises the following steps: step one, calculating limiting factors according to ships and marine structures, wherein the limiting factors comprise protected surface area S Ship The service life T of the sacrificial anode and the seawater corrosion rate v; selecting a material of the sacrificial anode according to the materials, the use environment and the design requirements of the ship and the marine structure and the characteristics of various anodes; thirdly, selecting the shape of the sacrificial anode according to the economic cost, the activity and the corrosion resistance of the material; step four, according to the shape of the sacrificial anode in step three, the specific size of the sacrificial anode is assumed, and according to the protected surface area S Ship Calculating the total number of sacrificial anodes required; step five, determining the length L of the sacrificial anode a Equivalent radius r of sacrificial anode section, arithmetic average of lengths of upper and lower sides of sacrificial anode section B a Sacrificial anode cross-sectional height H a Calculating the elongation coefficient C of the sacrificial anode l 。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ocean, in particular to a method for designing the dimension of a sacrificial anode of a ship and ocean structure.
Background
At present, as ships and marine structures are in a marine environment for a long time, the consumption of the sacrificial anode is huge, and thousands of tons of sacrificial anode are needed, so that the sacrificial anode can be used fully, the consumption of the sacrificial anode is reduced as much as possible while the corrosion resistance requirement is met, and the sacrificial anode is very important for cost control; the specification and the size of the sacrificial anode are closely related to the current generation size and the effective service life of the anode, and factors such as the protection life, the geometric size of a protected structural object, the sea water quality and the like must be fully considered when the specification of the anode is selected; however, at present, few researches on the shape and the size of the sacrificial anode are carried out, most of the current researches on the shape and the size of the anode are designed from the aspect of application, and in the process of actual selection, a user usually selects the size of the sacrificial anode according to the recommended standard sizes in the national standards GBT4948-2002 and GBT 4950-2002; however, the national standards are issued in 2002 and cannot be well adapted to the current development status of ships and ocean engineering;
the existing design method of the sacrificial anode of the ship and the marine structure mostly considers the effect of the shape and the size on the service performance of the sacrificial anode from the aspect of application, and most of users select the size of the sacrificial anode according to the standard size of the national standard in the actual selection, but the release time of the national standard in the field is long, so that the method cannot be well suitable for different types of ships and marine engineering, the expenditure cost of the sacrificial anode is easily increased, and the anode material is highly wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design scheme which enables the total number of sacrificial anodes to be small and the total mass to be small.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for designing the size of a sacrificial anode for a ship and a marine structure, comprising:
step one, calculating limiting factors according to ships and marine structures, wherein the limiting factors comprise protected surface area S Ship The service life T of the sacrificial anode and the seawater corrosion rate v;
selecting a material of the sacrificial anode according to the materials, the use environment and the design requirements of the ship and the marine structure and the characteristics of various anodes;
thirdly, selecting the shape of the sacrificial anode according to the economic cost, the activity and the corrosion resistance of the material;
step four, according to the shape of the sacrificial anode in step three, the specific size of the sacrificial anode is assumed, and according to the protected surface area S Ship Calculating the total number of sacrificial anodes required;
step five, determining the length L of the sacrificial anode a Equivalent radius r of sacrificial anode section, arithmetic average of lengths of upper and lower sides of sacrificial anode section B a Sacrificial anode cross-sectional height H a Calculating the elongation coefficient C of the sacrificial anode l
And flattening factor C f
Preferably, in the first step,
wherein: m is buoyancy;
l is the length of the waterline of the ship and the marine structure;
b is the linewidth of the water at the edges of the ship and marine structure:
g is the waterline depth of the ship and marine structure;
delta is the boat form fill factor.
Preferably, in the first step,
wherein: m is the mass of the sacrificial anode;
q is the actual capacitance of the sacrificial anode;
i is the actual utilization current of the sacrificial anode:
1/K is the sacrificial anode consumption rate.
Preferably, in the first step,
wherein: v is the corrosion rate;
m is the molar amount of the selected material;
f is Faraday constant;
c is the perimeter of the section of the sacrificial anode;
l is the length of the sacrificial anode;
t is the immersion depth of the sacrificial anode into seawater;
Δe is the driving potential, which is the difference between the anodic working potential and the surface protection potential (or minimum protection potential) of the metal being protected.
Preferably, in the second step, the material of the sacrificial anode comprises magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy or/and zinc alloy.
Preferably, in the third step, the shape of the sacrificial anode includes D-shape, circular shape, regular hexagon, square shape, trapezoid shape or rectangle shape.
Preferably, in step four, the total number of sacrificial anodes required = protection current/generation current; protection current=s Ship * Protecting the current density; current = drive potential/resistance; resistance = seawater resistivity the length of the sacrificial anode/cross-sectional area of the sacrificial anode.
Preferably, in step five, the anode length L is sacrificed a The value of the sacrificial anode is in the range of 0.4-2.6m, and the elongation coefficient C of the sacrificial anode l The value of (C) is 4.0-16.0, and the flattening coefficient is C f The value range of (2) is 0.9-1.1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) When the material of the sacrificial anode is selected, economic cost, activity and corrosion resistance of the material are taken as comprehensive consideration conditions, so that a user can save material purchase cost, service life of the sacrificial anode in each shape, corrosion rate and service environment are taken as reference conditions, service effect and service life of the sacrificial anode are guaranteed, and limit conditions are designed for the dimension of the sacrificial anode in the next step, so that a more optimized design scheme is designed;
(2) The method is beneficial to optimizing the size of the sacrificial anode, keeping the total consumption of the sacrificial anode of the ship and the marine structure to be near the minimum level and simultaneously minimizing the total number of blocks, thereby being beneficial to saving the cost and the installation cost and the construction period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a step diagram of a design method provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for designing the size of a sacrificial anode of a ship and a marine structure, comprising:
step one, calculating limiting factors according to ships and marine structures, wherein the limiting factors comprise protected surface area S Ship The service life T of the sacrificial anode and the seawater corrosion rate v;
wherein: m is buoyancy;
l is the length of the waterline of the ship and the marine structure;
b is the linewidth of the water at the edges of the ship and marine structure:
g is the waterline depth of the ship and marine structure;
delta is the boat form fill factor.
Wherein: m is the mass of the sacrificial anode;
q is the actual capacitance of the sacrificial anode;
i is the actual utilization current of the sacrificial anode:
1/K is the sacrificial anode consumption rate.
Wherein: v is the corrosion rate;
m is the molar amount of the selected material;
f is Faraday constant;
c is the perimeter of the section of the sacrificial anode;
l is the length of the sacrificial anode;
t is the immersion depth of the sacrificial anode into seawater;
Δe is the driving potential, which is the difference between the anodic working potential and the surface protection potential (or minimum protection potential) of the metal being protected.
According to S Ship The total number of sacrificial anodes can be calculated in a subsequent step; according to the service life T of the sacrificial anode, the sacrificial anode can be reinstalled after the use of the sacrificial anode expires; the corrosion rate v is an important basis for considering the choice of the material and the size of the sacrificial anode, and the lower the corrosion rate, the better the material.
Selecting materials of the sacrificial anode, including magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy or/and zinc alloy according to the materials, the use environment and the design requirements of the ship and the marine structure and the characteristics of various anodes;
selecting the shape of the sacrificial anode according to the economic cost, the activity and the corrosion resistance of the material, wherein the shape comprises D shape, round shape, regular hexagon, square shape, trapezoid shape or rectangle shape; the current density output by the anodes with the D-shaped cross section and the circular cross section is the largest, the current density output by the anodes with the regular hexagonal cross section is the next more, and the current density output by the anodes with the rectangular cross section is the smallest, so that the service life of the anodes with the rectangular cross section is the longest, the corrosion rate is low and the negative protection current output by the anodes with the rectangular cross section is the largest in the anodes with the D-shaped, circular, regular hexagonal rows, square, trapezoid and rectangular cross section.
Step four, according to the shape of the sacrificial anode in step three, the specific size of the sacrificial anode is assumed, and according to the protected surface area S Ship Calculating the total number of sacrificial anodes required; total number of sacrificial anodes required = protection current/generation current; protection current=s Ship * Protecting the current density; current = drive potential/resistance; resistance = seawater resistivity the length of the sacrificial anode/cross-sectional area of the sacrificial anode. Since the assumed size is first obtained, the current can be obtained, and then whether the assumed size is the optimal design is verified, and if not, the current is continuously modified.
Step five, determining a sacrificial anodeLength L a Equivalent radius r of sacrificial anode section, arithmetic average of lengths of upper and lower sides of sacrificial anode section B a Sacrificial anode cross-sectional height H a Calculating the elongation coefficient C of the sacrificial anode l
And flattening factor C f
The present invention uses the sacrificial anode elongation and flatness coefficients in place of the sacrificial anode cross-sectional width and height to define the sacrificial anode. The design parameters of the size and the shape of the sacrificial anode can be more easily influenced by the length, the slender coefficient and the flat coefficient of the sacrificial anode.
(1) When the elongation coefficient of the sacrificial anode is unchanged, the total number is reduced along with the increase of the length of the sacrificial anode;
(2) When the length of the sacrificial anode is unchanged, the total number is increased along with the increase of the slender coefficient of the sacrificial anode;
(3) When the elongation coefficient and the flattening coefficient of the sacrificial anode are unchanged, the total mass increases as the length of the sacrificial anode increases;
(4) When the sacrificial anode length and the flattening factor are unchanged, the total mass decreases as the elongation factor increases;
(5) When the sacrificial anode length and elongation coefficient are unchanged, the total mass increases as the flattening coefficient increases.
Sacrificial anode length L a The value of the sacrificial anode is in the range of 0.4-2.6m, and the elongation coefficient C of the sacrificial anode l The value of (C) is 4.0-16.0, and the flattening coefficient is C f The value range of (2) is 0.9-1.1.
While the present invention has been described in detail through the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the foregoing description is not to be considered as limiting the invention. Many modifications and substitutions of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method of designing the dimensions of a sacrificial anode for a ship and marine structure, comprising:
step one, calculating limiting factors according to ships and marine structures, wherein the limiting factors comprise protected surface area S Ship The service life T of the sacrificial anode and the seawater corrosion rate v;
wherein: m is buoyancy;
l is the length of the waterline of the ship and the marine structure;
b is the linewidth of the water at the edges of the ship and marine structure:
g is the waterline depth of the ship and marine structure;
delta is the ship-type fill factor;
wherein: m is the mass of the sacrificial anode;
q is the actual capacitance of the sacrificial anode;
i is the actual utilization current of the sacrificial anode:
1/K is the sacrificial anode consumption rate;
wherein: v is the corrosion rate;
m is the molar amount of the selected material;
f is Faraday constant;
c is the perimeter of the section of the sacrificial anode;
l is the length of the sacrificial anode;
t is the immersion depth of the sacrificial anode into seawater;
delta E is a driving potential, and the driving potential is the difference between the anode working potential and the surface protection potential or the minimum protection potential of the protected metal;
selecting a material of the sacrificial anode according to the materials, the use environment and the design requirements of the ship and the marine structure and the characteristics of various anodes;
thirdly, selecting the shape of the sacrificial anode according to the economic cost, the activity and the corrosion resistance of the material;
step four, according to the shape of the sacrificial anode in step three, the specific size of the sacrificial anode is assumed, and according to the protected surface area S Ship Calculating the total number of sacrificial anodes required;
step five, determining the length L of the sacrificial anode a Equivalent radius r of sacrificial anode section, arithmetic average of lengths of upper and lower sides of sacrificial anode section B a Sacrificial anode cross-sectional height H a Calculating the elongation coefficient C of the sacrificial anode l
And flattening factor C f
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the second step, the material of the sacrificial anode comprises magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy or/and zinc alloy.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step three, the sacrificial anode has a shape comprising a D-shape, a circle, a regular hexagon, a square, a trapezoid, or a rectangle.
4. The design method according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the total number of sacrificial anodes required = protection current/generation current; protection current=s Ship * Protecting the current density; current = drive potential/resistance; resistance = seawater resistivity the length of the sacrificial anode/cross-sectional area of the sacrificial anode.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step five, the length L of the anode is sacrificed a The value of the sacrificial anode is in the range of 0.4-2.6m, and the elongation coefficient C of the sacrificial anode l The value of (C) is 4.0-16.0, and the flattening coefficient is C f The value range of (2) is 0.9-1.1.
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| CN111797462A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-20 | 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 | Size design method for sacrificial anode of ship and ocean structure |
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| CN111797462A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-20 | 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 | Size design method for sacrificial anode of ship and ocean structure |
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| 齐荣彪 ; .海船阴极保护设计标准与DNV规范的对比分析.中国修船.2010,(05),全文. * |
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