CN113093291B - Differential electrical prospecting method for pollutant leakage detection - Google Patents
Differential electrical prospecting method for pollutant leakage detection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection. The method comprises the steps of firstly arranging power supply electrodes A1 and B1 outside a pollutant landfill, and measuring potential difference on measurement electrodes inside the pollutant landfill; arranging power supply electrodes A2 and B2 in the pollutant landfill, and measuring potential difference on a measuring electrode in the pollutant landfill; calculating differential leakage judging parameters of all measuring points by using a corresponding algorithm, drawing a related drawing, analyzing according to a rule of judging leakage points, judging whether leakage exists in the pollutant landfill, and acquiring the plane coordinate position of the leakage points if the leakage exists. The method can obviously weaken the interference information formed by the abnormal resistivity body at the shallow part in the pollutant landfill, thereby improving the high-precision rapid judgment on whether leakage exists in the pollutant landfill and the position of the leakage. The method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a differential electrical prospecting method for detecting pollutant leakage, belonging to the field of prospecting geophysics. The method can improve the leakage judgment precision of the pollutant landfill and reduce the exploration economic cost and the time cost.
Background
With the development of society, the pollutants generated by human beings gradually rise and form a large number of pollutant landfill sites, and almost all pollutant landfill sites have the problem of seepage of percolate with different degrees. The percolate source mainly has four aspects: precipitation is the main source of leachate; secondly, surface runoff, mainly runoff in the uphill direction of the surface of the site; then groundwater; finally, the pollutant contains water, wherein the pollutant contains water not only per se, but also contains water generated by decomposing organic components in the pollutant in a landfill site, and the generated amount of the water is related to the components contained in the pollutant, PH, the temperature at which the pollutant is positioned and the strain. For a pollutant landfill, relevant specifications in China are clearly regulated, and an anti-seepage facility is required to be installed to prevent the leachate from polluting soil and underground water. In the construction stage of the impermeable membrane at the bottom of the landfill, the lining is damaged due to artificial irregular operation, and pores are easily left at the joint between the impermeable membranes; in the normal operation stage, the seepage of the seepage-proof membrane can be caused by the reasons of uneven settlement of the foundation, chemical corrosion and the like. Leakage through the impermeable film can have serious consequences. The percolate contains a large amount of harmful substances such as virulent substances, heavy metals and the like, and after entering the underground environment, the percolate pollutes soil and can further enter a human body through a food chain, so that serious harm is caused. In addition, the percolate also can pollute the underground water body, so that the contents of hardness, chloride, arsenic, chromium and the like in the water body are greatly improved, and the hardness, the chloride, the arsenic, the chromium and the like exceed the standard of drinking water for life and harm to human health.
Thus, enhanced monitoring of leachate from a landfill is necessary. The existing detection means basically adopts a drilling mode, the method is complex to operate, multiple persons are required to participate in the method, the high requirement on sample storage is met, and the chemical analysis of the sample is long, so that the method is high in cost and long in time consumption. In addition, due to the fact that sampling points in chemical sampling are limited, how to arrange the sampling points becomes a key factor influencing field investigation results, if the sampling points are reasonably arranged, the field pollution condition can be obtained by the smaller sampling points, and pollution detection efficiency is improved. However, to correctly arrange the sampling points requires comprehensive consideration of many factors, such as the hydrogeology of the site, the distribution of pollution sources, etc., which are not perfect in some cases, and the optimization of the arrangement of the sampling points cannot be achieved, the sampling result may not be enough to reflect the characteristics of the site, which may cause multiple samplings of the same site, and this will seriously increase the sampling cost.
The geophysical prospecting method is an emerging non-invasive detection method, has the advantages of economy, rapidness, accuracy, wide detection range and the like, and has strong feasibility and popularization value for detecting polluted sites. The resistivity method detection requires less labor cost, can quickly and efficiently realize detection of the polluted site, and the detection result can effectively reflect pollution distribution information of the polluted site, so that the resistivity method detection technology can perfect a polluted site investigation system, quickly realize preliminary judgment of pollution degree and pollution range of the polluted site, is beneficial to providing theoretical basis for further drilling sampling, avoids repeated sampling and saves chemical detection cost.
The resistivity method is based on the conductivity difference of the geotechnical medium, and by means of special instruments, the distribution rule of the artificially established in-ground stable current field is observed and researched, and then the proper geochemical analysis is carried out by combining with the related data such as geology, hydrology and the like, and then the distribution characteristics of the pollution area are deduced and explained by analyzing and researching the abnormal change rule of the artificially stable current field, so as to achieve the purpose of detection. The resistivity of the earth depends on the porosity of the earth, the pore shape, the pore fluid resistivity, the saturation, the solid particle composition, the shape, the orientation, the cementation state. Contaminated soil refers to soil whose original properties are changed by invasion of foreign contaminants. After the soil body is polluted by the percolate, water phase pollutants enter the soil and are mixed with pore water, so that the resistivity of the pore liquid is changed, and abnormal phenomena occur. The application of resistivity method in detecting pollutant has been studied by scholars at home and abroad.
The main geophysical methods adopted for solving the leakage problem of the pollutant landfill at present are a high-density resistivity method, a geological radar method, a transient electromagnetic method, a geothermal method and the like, and the high-density resistivity method has a wider application range due to the fact that the high-density resistivity method is rapid, high in precision and the like, but relatively speaking, the exploration efficiency of the high-density resistivity is still to be improved, the cost is still to be reduced, and the monitoring function of the high-density resistivity method with low cost and high efficiency is realized.
The existing electric method for realizing leakage point monitoring by arranging an electric monitoring system at the bottom of a pollutant landfill is characterized in that the corresponding monitoring system is arranged in the landfill construction period, the monitoring effect is good, but the method has several limitations: 1. the whole system needs to be arranged in the construction period of the landfill, and the method cannot be carried out for the landfill without the monitoring system in the construction period; 2. because the main electrode system of the monitoring system is built in the landfill, if the electrode system fails, maintenance cannot be performed or is difficult to perform. The monitoring system is a good choice in terms of effect, but the method is not suitable for some landfills due to the above limitations.
Because the pollutant landfill has the characteristics that the pollutant landfill depth belongs to the known and unknown plane positions of the leakage points, the plane positions of the leakage points are mainly found for the leakage problem of the pollutant landfill; the uniformity of substances in the pollutant landfill is changed, and the abnormal resistivity of the shallow part can interfere the resistivity of the high-density resistivity method, so that the judgment accuracy of the method on the leakage point is affected; therefore, the method is worthy of developing new method and new technology research aiming at the problems of the prior art, on one hand, the exploration cost is reduced, on the other hand, the exploration precision is improved, on the third hand, the low-cost and high-precision electric method monitoring technology is realized, on the fourth hand, the applicability of the method is improved, and the limitation of the method is reduced.
The invention comprises the following steps:
based on the existing problems of easy interference, low efficiency, high cost and the like in the electrical exploration of the pollutant landfill, the method is worthy of research on related aspects in order to improve the effect, efficiency, precision and the like of the electrical exploration of the pollutant landfill.
The invention provides a differential electrical prospecting method for detecting pollutant leakage, which comprises the following specific steps:
a) One or more electrical exploration measuring lines are arranged in the pollutant landfill, and the measuring lines can be straight lines or curves, but the recommended design is straight lines; if the test line is a plurality of test lines, all the test lines are not intersected; although the intersecting of the measuring lines does not affect the development of the work, the workload of field arrangement is increased, and certain complexity is brought to data interpretation, so that the disjointing of all the measuring lines is limited from the angles of reducing the exploration cost and improving the abnormality judgment precision.
b) Arranging power supply electrodes A1 and B1 and a power supply system outside a pollutant landfill, supplying power, recording current values passing through the power supply electrodes A1 and B1, and recording the current values for a plurality of times if the current values change, namely ensuring that the power supply current values at corresponding moments exist when potential difference measurement is carried out each time as much as possible; the distance between the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 is not less than 3 times of the deepest depth of the landfill, and the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 are respectively positioned at the opposite outer parts of the pollutant landfill, namely, the connecting line of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 passes through the pollutant landfill, and neither power supply electrode A1 nor power supply electrode B1 is positioned in the pollutant landfill. The distance requirement of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 mainly comes from the need of acquiring the abnormal information of the leakage points, and the too close distance can cause insufficient information of the leakage points, so that the abnormal information of the leakage points is difficult or impossible to acquire, and misjudgment is caused. The power supply electrodes A1 and B1 are arranged on two sides of the pollutant landfill and are not positioned inside the pollutant landfill, so that the influence degree of the leakage points possibly existing on the electric field signals is mainly improved. The connection line of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 is crossed with the pollutant landfill, and for the regular landfill, the connection line can be selected to pass through the center of the landfill; for irregular landfill sites, the connecting lines pass through the middle part of the landfill sites as much as possible; therefore, the whole leakage condition in the whole landfill can be obtained, the contrast of exploration data of different survey lines can be improved, and the judgment accuracy of leakage points can be improved finally.
c) Arranging measuring electrodes M and N and a measuring system on a measuring line in a pollutant landfill, and observing a potential difference V between the measuring electrodes M and N MN-A1B1 Simultaneously recording the current passing through the current-supply electrodes A1 and B1A current value; the measuring electrodes M and N for carrying out a potential difference measurement are all on the same measuring line, and the measuring electrodes M and N for carrying out a potential difference measurement in the subsequent step are all on the same measuring line. The distance between all measuring electrodes M and N is not less than 0.1 meter, which can be theoretically infinitely small, but too small a distance will lose its practical exploration meaning from the practical electrical exploration of the pollutant landfill. When the same power supply electrode supplies power, the centers of all the measurement electrodes M and N for carrying out potential difference measurement are not overlapped; the limitation is that a plurality of data are avoided on the same measuring point, so that complexity is brought to data judgment, the leakage judgment is not improved by the plurality of data, and the cost is increased.
d) Changing the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N, and observing the potential difference between the measuring electrodes M and N again; simultaneously recording the current value passing through the power supply electrodes A1 and B1; when the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N on the same measuring line are changed, the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N are changed according to the principle of changing in the same direction; this limitation is mainly proposed in order to more easily satisfy the condition that neither the centers of the measurement electrodes M and N overlap.
e) Until the potential difference measurement on all the measuring points designed in the pollutant landfill is completed; the recording point of the measuring point takes the center of the measuring electrodes M and N when measuring the potential difference as the recording point, and takes the plane coordinate of the center as the plane coordinate of the measuring point; no power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A1 and B1; when the potential difference measurement on all the measuring points is finished, the power supply operation of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 is finished, and the power supply electrodes comprise positions required by the power supply operation in the step f) which can be retracted or moved by the power supply system.
f) Arranging power supply electrodes A2 and B2 and a power supply system in a pollutant landfill, supplying power, recording current values passing through the power supply electrodes A2 and B2, and recording the current values for a plurality of times if the current values change, namely ensuring that the power supply current values at corresponding moments exist when potential difference measurement is carried out each time as much as possible; the distance between the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 is smaller than the distance between the power supply electrodes A1 and B1, four power supply electrodes A1, A2, B2 and B1 are on the same straight line, and the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 are positioned between the connecting lines of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1; the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 are arranged inside the pollutant landfill, namely the distance between the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 is smaller than the length of the pollutant landfill on the connecting line of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1. None of the supply electrodes A2 and B2 are arranged at all measuring electrodes M and N positions. The technical limitation of the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 is mainly to improve the resistivity distribution characteristics of the materials in the pollutant landfill, so that more reliable data can be provided for subsequent correction. The power supply electrodes A2 and B2 can be arranged at the edge of the pollutant landfill site as much as possible, but are positioned in the landfill site.
g) Arranging measuring electrodes M and N and a measuring system inside the pollutant landfill, and observing potential difference V between the measuring electrodes M and N MN-A2B2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Simultaneously recording the current value passing through the power supply electrodes A2 and B2; the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N are the same as those of the measuring electrodes M and N in the steps c) -e); the technical limitation means that all measuring points for carrying out potential difference measurement when the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 supply power are identical to all measuring points for carrying out potential difference measurement when the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 supply power, so that correction processing on data of all measuring points can be realized.
h) Changing the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N, and observing the potential difference between the measuring electrodes M and N again; simultaneously recording the current value passing through the power supply electrodes A2 and B2; the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N are the same as those of the measuring electrodes M and N in the steps c) to e).
i) Until the potential difference measurement on all the measuring points designed in the pollutant landfill is completed; when the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 supply power, the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N of all measuring points are the same as those of the measuring electrodes M and N of all measuring points when the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 supply power; i.e. the potential difference is measured twice at all measuring points, the first when the supply electrodes A1 and B1 are supplied and the second when the supply electrodes A2 and B2 are supplied.
j) According to the formula (1), the differential leakage judging parameter LEAK of all the measuring points is obtained MN ，
V MN-A1B1 When power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A1 and B1, the potential difference between the electrodes M and N is measured; ρ MN-A2B2 When power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A2 and B2, apparent resistivity obtained on the electrodes M and N is measured;for measuring the distance between the electrodes M and N; i A1B1-MN Supplying power to the power supply electrodes A1 and B1, and measuring the power supply current value passed by the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 when the potential difference is measured on the measuring electrodes M and N; k (K) MN-A2B2 Device coefficients for supply electrodes A2 and B2, measurement electrodes M and N; v (V) MN-A2B2 When power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A2 and B2, the potential difference between the electrodes M and N is measured; i A2B2-MN Supplying power to the power supply electrodes A2 and B2, and measuring the power supply current value passed by the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 when the potential difference is measured on the measuring electrodes M and N; +.>I A1B1-MN 、V MN-A1B1 、K MN-A2B2 、V MN-A2B2 、I A2B2-MN The positions of the measuring electrodes M and N are the same; thus, the differential leakage judging parameters of all the measuring points are obtained, namely, the results of the differential leakage judging parameters of the number of the measuring points are obtained, and the differential leakage judging parameters of different measuring points are identified and identified by the serial numbers or coordinates of the measuring points.
k) Carrying out differential leakage judging parameter graph drawing on the differential leakage judging parameters of all the measuring points according to the plane coordinates of the measuring points; if only one measuring line exists, drawing a differential leakage judging parameter single curve graph; if a plurality of measuring lines exist, drawing a differential leakage judging parameter plane section; the plane coordinates of the measuring points can be geodetic coordinates or relative coordinates, namely, the relative coordinate relation among all the measuring points can be ensured.
And l) analyzing the differential leakage judging parameter graph in the step k) according to a rule of judging leakage points, judging whether leakage exists in the pollutant landfill, and if so, acquiring the plane coordinate position of the leakage points. The rule for judging the leakage point is divided into the following 2 cases:
i. the rule for judging the leakage point of the differential leakage judging parameter single graph is as follows:
if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve has a maximum point, judging that leakage exists in the pollutant landfill; if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve only has a minimum value point or an electrodeless value point, judging that no leakage exists in the pollutant landfill;
if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve only has a maximum value point, if the gradients of the differential leakage judging parameter single curves at the two sides of the maximum value point are equal, the plane coordinate corresponding to the maximum value point is the horizontal projection position of the leakage point in the pollutant landfill;
if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve only has a maximum value point, if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve gradients in the two sides of the maximum value point are not equal, the plane coordinates corresponding to the inflection point of the side with the large differential leakage judging parameter single curve gradient at the two sides of the maximum value point are the horizontal projection positions of the leakage points in the pollutant landfill;
if the maximum value point of the differential leakage judging parameter single curve has 1 adjacent minimum value point, the plane coordinate corresponding to the inflection point position between the maximum value point and the minimum value point is the horizontal projection position of the leakage point in the pollutant landfill;
if 2 adjacent minimum value points are arranged beside the maximum value point of the differential leakage judging parameter single curve and the differential leakage judging parameter curve gradients of the maximum value point and the 2 minimum value points are not equal, the plane coordinates corresponding to the inflection points with large differential leakage judging parameter single curve gradients between the maximum value point and the minimum value points of the adjacent parts of the curve are the horizontal projection positions of the leakage points in the pollutant landfill; if 2 adjacent minimum value points are arranged beside the maximum value point, and the gradient of the differential leakage judging parameter curve of the maximum value point is equal to that of the differential leakage judging parameter curve of the 2 minimum value points, the plane coordinates corresponding to the 2 inflection points of the differential leakage judging parameter single curve between the maximum value point and the minimum value point at the adjacent part of the curve are the horizontal projection positions of the leakage points in the pollutant landfill, namely, 2 leakage points exist;
ii, judging leakage points according to the rule of the differential leakage judging parameter plane section diagram:
firstly, judging each differential leakage judging parameter single curve in the differential leakage judging parameter plane section according to the rule of judging leakage points of the differential leakage judging parameter single curve graph, and determining whether leakage exists or not; if leakage exists, determining the horizontal projection position of the leakage point in the pollutant landfill;
secondly, if leakage exists and the horizontal projection position of the leakage point in the pollutant landfill is determined, comprehensively judging the connectivity of the leakage points according to the principle that the distances between all the leakage points in different directions are nearest;
the principle of nearest distances in different directions is as follows: if the connecting line of one leakage point and the other leakage point with the nearest distance in the certain direction passes through the measuring point without the leakage point or passes through other differential leakage judging parameter single curves, judging that the one leakage point and the other leakage point belong to non-communicated leakage points; if the connecting line of one leakage point and the other leakage point with the nearest distance in the certain direction does not pass through the measuring point without the leakage point or does not pass through another single curve, judging that the one leakage point and the other leakage point belong to the connected leakage point; if the communicating leakage points exist in the pollutant landfill, judging whether the main leakage points exist or not by comparing the comparison maximum values of the differential leakage judging parameter single curves at each leakage point in the communicating leakage points; the leakage point with the largest maximum value is divided into main leakage points, and other leakage points are divided into secondary leakage points; if the maxima are equal in size, they are divided into equally leaking points. If the maximum value is difficult to judge, the judgment can be carried out by means of the gradient value of the curve around the maximum value point, and the leakage points with large gradient values can be divided into main leakage points.
In actual measurement work, if the differential leakage judging parameter curve jumps due to unsmooth curve caused by interference and other reasons, the leakage analysis can be performed on the fitted curve after the curve data is fitted.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of use of a differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the working arrangement of the power supply electrode A1/B1 and the measuring electrode of the pollutant landfill of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the working arrangement of the power supply electrode A2/B2 and the measuring electrode of the pollutant landfill of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section view of the working arrangement of the earth model with leak points according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section view of the working arrangement of the earth model without leakage points of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison of differential leakage judging parameters and a single potential curve of the numerical simulation of the earth model with leakage points;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the comparison of differential leakage judging parameters and potential single curves of the numerical simulation of the earth model without leakage points.
Fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5 show an electrical prospecting power supply system 1; 2 represents an electrical prospecting measurement system; 3 represents a pollutant landfill; 4 represents an impermeable membrane arranged at the bottom of the pollutant landfill; 5 represents a high resistance anomaly in a pollutant landfill; 6 represents a low resistance anomaly within the contaminant landfill; 7 represents a leakage point on the impermeable membrane at the bottom of the pollutant landfill; a1, B1, A2, B2 represent the power supply electrode of the present invention; m and N represent measuring electrodes of the invention.
The V-MN-A1B1 curves in FIGS. 6 and 7 represent potential difference curves measured at different points when the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 are powered; the LEAK-MN curves in fig. 6 and 7 represent differential leakage parameter curves at different measurement points.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 in conjunction with the detailed description.
a) According to the method flow diagram shown in fig. 1, electrical survey lines are first deployed in a contaminant landfill 3 as shown in fig. 2.
b) Outside the pollutant landfill 3 shown in fig. 2, power supply electrodes A1 and B1 and a power supply system 1 are arranged, as shown in fig. 4, the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 are arranged at the measuring point positions of 0 and 175 respectively, and supply power, and current values passing through the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 are recorded.
c) As shown in FIG. 2, measuring electrodes M and N and a measuring system 2 are arranged on a measuring line inside a pollutant landfill 3, and a potential difference V between the measuring electrodes M and N is observed MN-A1B1 As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7The measuring point ranges corresponding to the measuring electrodes M and N are 35 to 140. The current values through the supply electrodes A1 and B1 are recorded at the same time.
d) As shown in fig. 4, the positions of the measurement electrodes M and N are changed, and the potential difference between the measurement electrodes M and N is observed again; simultaneously recording the current value passing through the power supply electrodes A1 and B1; when the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N on the same measuring line are changed, the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N are changed according to the principle of changing in the same direction; thereby satisfying the condition that neither centers of the measurement electrodes M and N overlap.
e) Until the potential difference measurement on all the measuring points designed in the pollutant landfill 3 is completed; the recording point of the measuring point takes the center of the measuring electrodes M and N when measuring the potential difference as the recording point, and takes the plane coordinate of the center as the plane coordinate of the measuring point; no power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A1 and B1; when the potential difference measurement on all the measuring points is finished, the power supply work of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 is finished, and the power supply electrodes comprise a power supply system which is moved to
f) The position required for the power supply work in the step. All potential difference measurements are shown in the V-MN-A1B1 curves of figures 6 and 7,
f) As shown in fig. 2 and 4, power supply electrodes A2 and B2 and a power supply system 1 are disposed at the number 30 and 150 measuring points inside the pollutant landfill 3, respectively, and power is supplied, and current values through the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 are recorded.
g) Arranging measuring electrodes M and N and a measuring system 2 inside a pollutant landfill 3, and observing a potential difference V between the measuring electrodes M and N MN-A2B2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Simultaneously recording the current value passing through the power supply electrodes A2 and B2; the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N are the same as those of the measuring electrodes M and N in the steps c) -e); as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the measuring point ranges of the measuring electrodes M and N are 35 to 140.
h) Changing the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N, and observing the potential difference between the measuring electrodes M and N again; simultaneously recording the current value passing through the power supply electrodes A2 and B2; the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N are the same as those of the measuring electrodes M and N in the steps c) -e), and as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the measuring points of the measuring electrodes M and N are 35-140 # in range.
i) Until the potential difference measurement at all the measuring points designed in the pollutant landfill 3 is completed.
j) According to the formula (1), the differential leakage judging parameter LEAK of all the measuring points is obtained MN ，
The results of the differential leakage determination parameters at all the measuring points are shown in the LEAK-MN curves in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7.
V in formula (1) MN-A1B1 When power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A1 and B1, the potential difference between the electrodes M and N is measured;for measuring the distance between the electrodes M and N; i A1B1-MN Supplying power to the power supply electrodes A1 and B1, and measuring the power supply current value passed by the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 when the potential difference is measured on the measuring electrodes M and N; k (K) MN-A2B2 Device coefficients for supply electrodes A2 and B2, measurement electrodes M and N; v (V) MN-A2B2 When power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A2 and B2, the potential difference between the electrodes M and N is measured; i A2B2-MN The power supply electrodes A2 and B2 are supplied with power, and the power supply current values passed by the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 are measured when the potential difference is measured on the measuring electrodes M and N. +.>I A1B1-MN 、V MN-A1B1 、K MN-A2B2 、V MN-A2B2 、I A2B2-MN The positions of the measuring electrodes M and N are the same; thus, the differential leakage judging parameters of all the measuring points are obtained, namely, the results of the differential leakage judging parameters of the number of the measuring points are obtained, and the differential leakage judging parameters of different measuring points are identified and identified by the serial numbers or coordinates of the measuring points. As shown in the peak-MN curves in fig. 6 and 7, there are 22 measurement points and 22 differential leakage judging parameters in total.
k) Carrying out differential leakage judging parameter graph drawing on the differential leakage judging parameters of all the measuring points according to the plane coordinates of the measuring points; in this embodiment, only one measuring line is provided, and a single curve graph of the differential leakage judging parameter is drawn (as shown by the LEAK-MN curves in fig. 6 and 7); the plane coordinates of the measuring points adopt relative coordinates, namely, the relative coordinate relation among all the measuring points is ensured.
And l) analyzing the differential leakage judging parameter graph in the step k) according to a rule of judging leakage points, judging whether leakage exists in the pollutant landfill 3, and if so, acquiring the plane coordinate position of the leakage points. Because the embodiment has only one measuring line, the rule for judging the leakage point only selects the rule for judging the leakage point of the differential leakage judging parameter single graph to judge the leakage point:
analyzing whether a differential leakage judging parameter single curve has a maximum value point and a minimum value point or not (as shown in an LEAK-MN curve in FIG. 6, the maximum value point is obvious at a No. 90 measuring point, and the minimum value point is obvious at No. 75 and 105 measuring points; as shown in the peak-MN curve in fig. 7, a minimum point is shown at the 85 th measurement point), if there is a maximum point and a minimum point exists at the adjacent curve portion (as shown in the peak-MN curve in fig. 6, the maximum point of the 90 th measurement point and the adjacent 75 th and 105 th measurement points all present the minimum point), it is determined that there is a LEAK in the contaminant landfill 3 (thus, it is determined that there is a LEAK in the contaminant landfill in fig. 6), if there are 2 adjacent minimum points and the differential LEAK parameter gradients of the maximum point and the 2 minimum points are not equal (as shown in the peak-MN curve in fig. 6, the differential LEAK parameter gradients between the maximum point of the 90 th measurement point and the adjacent 75 th measurement point are not equal, and the curve gradient between the maximum point and the 75 th measurement point is large), the differential LEAK parameter single-curve between the maximum point and the minimum point of the adjacent curve portion is at the inflection point (as shown in fig. 6, the maximum point and the maximum point of the 90 th measurement point and the 75 th measurement point of the differential LEAK parameter single-curve is large, and the LEAK parameter gradient of the corresponding to the LEAK-proof membrane is at the position of the 80 th measurement point in the plane of the LEAK-proof curve 3 in the corresponding position of the 80 th measurement point and the LEAK-proof point of the curve in the plane of fig. 6;
if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve only has a minimum value point or an infinite value point (as shown in the LEAK-MN curve in fig. 7, the minimum value point only has a minimum value point at the 85 # measuring point), it is judged that the pollutant landfill 3 has no leakage or no obvious leakage (so it is judged that the pollutant landfill 3 in fig. 7 has no leakage).
From the comparison results of the two curves V-MN-A1B1 and LEAK-MN in the figures 6 and 7, the curve V-MN-A1B1 is affected by the resistivity disturbance anomaly (the high-resistance anomaly 5 and the low-resistance anomaly 6 in the figures 6 and 7) in the pollutant landfill 3, and the curve V-MN-A1B1 presents obvious jump phenomenon, namely extreme value phenomenon caused by non-leakage; but the LEAK-MN curves have substantially eliminated the jump effects of resistivity interfering anomalies (high-resistance anomalies 5 and low-resistance anomalies 6 in fig. 6 and 7), i.e., spurious anomalies caused by non-leakage, so that anomalies caused by leakage can be more accurately determined.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather to enable any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like to be included within the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A differential electrical prospecting method for detecting pollutant leakage comprises the following specific steps:
a) Arranging one or more electrical prospecting wires in the pollutant landfill, wherein if the electrical prospecting wires are a plurality of electrical prospecting wires, all the electrical prospecting wires are not intersected; arranging measuring points of electrical exploration;
b) Arranging power supply electrodes A1 and B1 and a power supply system outside the pollutant landfill, supplying power, and recording current values passing through the power supply electrodes A1 and B1;
c) Arranging measuring electrodes M and N and a measuring system on an electrical exploration survey line inside a pollutant landfill, and observing a potential difference V between the measuring electrodes M and N MN-A1B1 Simultaneously recording the current values through the supply electrodes A1 and B1; the measuring electrodes M and N are on the same electrical prospecting measuring line when a potential difference measurement is carried out for a certain time, and the measuring electrodes M and N are on the same electrical prospecting measuring line when a potential difference measurement is carried out for a certain time in the subsequent step;
d) Changing the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N, and observing the potential difference between the measuring electrodes M and N again; simultaneously recording the current value passing through the power supply electrodes A1 and B1;
e) Until the potential difference measurement on all the measuring points designed in the pollutant landfill is completed; no power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A1 and B1;
f) Arranging power supply electrodes A2 and B2 and a power supply system in a pollutant landfill, supplying power, and recording current values passing through the power supply electrodes A2 and B2;
g) Arranging measuring electrodes M and N and a measuring system inside the pollutant landfill, and observing potential difference V between the measuring electrodes M and N MN-A2B2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Simultaneously recording the current value passing through the power supply electrodes A2 and B2;
h) Changing the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N, and observing the potential difference between the measuring electrodes M and N again; simultaneously recording the current value passing through the power supply electrodes A2 and B2;
i) Until the potential difference measurement on all the measuring points designed in the pollutant landfill is completed; when the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 supply power, the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N of all measuring points are the same as those of the measuring electrodes M and N of all measuring points when the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 supply power; namely, the potential difference is measured twice on all the measuring points, wherein the first time is when the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 supply power, and the second time is when the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 supply power;
j) According to the formula (1), the differential leakage judging parameter LEAK of all the measuring points is obtained MN ，
V in formula (1) MN-A1B1 When power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A1 and B1, the potential difference between the electrodes M and N is measured;for measuring the distance between the electrodes M and N; i A1B1-MN Supplying power to the power supply electrodes A1 and B1, and measuring the current value through the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 when the potential difference is measured on the electrodes M and N; k (K) MN-A2B2 Device coefficients for supply electrodes A2 and B2, measurement electrodes M and N; v (V) MN-A2B2 When power is supplied to the power supply electrodes A2 and B2, the potential difference between the electrodes M and N is measured; i A2B2-MN To supply power to the power supply electrodes A2 and B2, and to measure the potential difference V between the electrodes M and N MN-A2B2 At that time, the current value through the supply electrodes A2 and B2; +.>I A1B1-MN 、V MN-A1B1 、K MN-A2B2 、V MN-A2B2 、I A2B2-MN The positions of the measuring electrodes M and N are the same;
k) Carrying out differential leakage judging parameter graph drawing on the differential leakage judging parameters of all the measuring points according to the plane coordinates of the measuring points; if only one electrical exploration measuring line exists, drawing a single curve graph of the differential leakage judging parameter; if a plurality of electrical exploration measuring lines exist, drawing a differential leakage judging parameter plane section;
and l) analyzing the differential leakage judging parameter graph in the step k) according to a rule of judging leakage points, judging whether leakage exists in the pollutant landfill, and if so, acquiring the plane coordinate position of the leakage points.
2. A differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electrical survey line is a straight line disposed within the contaminant landfill.
3. A differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 is not less than 3 times of the deepest depth of the landfill, and the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 are both positioned outside the pollutant landfill, namely, the connecting line of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1 passes through the pollutant landfill, and neither power supply electrode A1 nor power supply electrode B1 is positioned inside the pollutant landfill.
4. A differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between all the measuring electrodes M and N is not less than 0.1 meter.
5. A differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the same power supply electrode supplies power, the centers of all the measuring electrodes M and N for carrying out potential difference measurement are not overlapped.
6. A differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N on the same electrical survey line are changed, the change in the positions of the measuring electrodes M and N is performed in accordance with the principle of changing in the same direction.
7. A differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the distance between the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 is smaller than the distance between the power supply electrodes A1 and B1, four power supply electrodes A1, A2, B2 and B1 are on the same straight line, and the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 are positioned between the connecting lines of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1; the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 are arranged inside the pollutant landfill, namely the distance between the power supply electrodes A2 and B2 is smaller than the length of the pollutant landfill on the connecting line of the power supply electrodes A1 and B1.
8. A differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: none of the supply electrodes A2 and B2 are arranged at all measuring electrodes M and N positions.
9. A differential electrical prospecting method for contaminant leak detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rule for judging the leakage point in the step l) is divided into the following 2 cases:
i. the rule for judging the leakage point of the differential leakage judging parameter single graph is as follows:
if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve has a maximum point, judging that leakage exists in the pollutant landfill; if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve only has a minimum value point or an electrodeless value point, judging that no leakage exists in the pollutant landfill;
if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve only has a maximum value point and has no minimum value point, if the gradients of the differential leakage judging parameter single curves at the two sides of the maximum value point are equal, the plane coordinates corresponding to the maximum value point are the horizontal projection positions of the leakage points in the pollutant landfill;
if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve only has a maximum value point and has no minimum value point, if the differential leakage judging parameter single curve gradients in the two sides of the maximum value point are not equal, the plane coordinates corresponding to the inflection point of the side with the large differential leakage judging parameter single curve gradient in the two sides of the maximum value point are the horizontal projection position of the leakage point in the pollutant landfill;
if the maximum value point of the differential leakage judging parameter single curve has 1 adjacent minimum value point, the plane coordinate corresponding to the inflection point position between the maximum value point and the minimum value point is the horizontal projection position of the leakage point in the pollutant landfill;
if 2 adjacent minimum value points are arranged beside the maximum value point of the differential leakage judging parameter single curve and the differential leakage judging parameter curve gradients of the maximum value point and the 2 minimum value points are not equal, the plane coordinates corresponding to the inflection points with large differential leakage judging parameter single curve gradients between the maximum value point and the minimum value points of the adjacent parts of the curve are the horizontal projection positions of the leakage points in the pollutant landfill; if 2 adjacent minimum value points are arranged beside the maximum value point, and the gradient of the differential leakage judging parameter curve of the maximum value point is equal to that of the differential leakage judging parameter curve of the 2 minimum value points, the plane coordinates corresponding to the 2 inflection points of the differential leakage judging parameter single curve between the maximum value point and the minimum value point at the adjacent part of the curve are the horizontal projection positions of the leakage points in the pollutant landfill, namely, 2 leakage points exist;
ii, judging leakage points according to the rule of the differential leakage judging parameter plane section diagram:
firstly, judging each differential leakage judging parameter single curve in the differential leakage judging parameter plane section according to the rule of judging leakage points of the differential leakage judging parameter single curve graph, and determining whether leakage exists or not; if leakage exists, determining the horizontal projection position of the leakage point in the pollutant landfill;
secondly, if leakage exists and the horizontal projection position of the leakage point in the pollutant landfill is determined, comprehensively judging the connectivity of the leakage points according to the principle that the distances between all the leakage points in different directions are nearest;
the principle of nearest distances in different directions is as follows: if the connecting line of one leakage point and the other leakage point with the nearest distance in the certain direction passes through the measuring point without the leakage point or passes through other differential leakage judging parameter single curves, judging that the one leakage point and the other leakage point belong to non-communicated leakage points; if the connection line of one leakage point and the other leakage point with the nearest distance in the certain direction does not pass through the measuring point without the leakage point or does not pass through the other differential leakage judging parameter single curve, judging that the one leakage point and the other leakage point belong to the communicated leakage point; if the communicating leakage points exist in the pollutant landfill, comparing the maximum value of the differential leakage judging parameter single curve at each leakage point in the communicating leakage points, so as to judge whether the main leakage point exists or not; the leakage point with the largest maximum value is divided into main leakage points, and other leakage points are divided into secondary leakage points; if the maxima are equal in size, they are divided into equally leaking points.
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