CN113092590A - Dry shrinkage measurement method for cement plug without face surface - Google Patents
Dry shrinkage measurement method for cement plug without face surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN113092590A CN113092590A CN202110533456.4A CN202110533456A CN113092590A CN 113092590 A CN113092590 A CN 113092590A CN 202110533456 A CN202110533456 A CN 202110533456A CN 113092590 A CN113092590 A CN 113092590A
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- ultrasonic transducer
- cement plug
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- transducer array
- transducer
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000007573 shrinkage measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125797 compound 12 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2437—Piezoelectric probes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2437—Piezoelectric probes
- G01N29/245—Ceramic probes, e.g. lead zirconate titanate [PZT] probes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2475—Embedded probes, i.e. probes incorporated in objects to be inspected
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/015—Attenuation, scattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0232—Glass, ceramics, concrete or stone
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
- G01N2291/106—Number of transducers one or more transducer arrays
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cement plug measurement, and provides a method for measuring dry shrinkage of a cement plug without a face surface by using ultrasonic propagation attenuation characteristics. The measuring method comprises the following steps: arranging an ultrasonic transducer array at a cement plug drying shrinkage monitoring position; and exciting one ultrasonic transducer, using the rest transducers in the array as receiving transducers to receive signals, and judging that the transducers are in the air and the transducers are in the cement plug according to the strength of the received signals. The measuring method can remotely realize the dry shrinkage measurement of the cement plug without the face surface, and has simple structure and reliable measuring result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cement plug shrinkage measurement, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the shrinkage of a cement plug without a face surface.
Background
In some large projects, cement grout is used for pouring at certain positions to form cement plugs for sealing. The cement plug can be shrunk in a drying mode when being solidified, so that the sealing effect is poor, the cement plug shrinkage condition of a grouting section can be accurately measured, the formula and the engineering design of cement slurry can be guided, and data support can be provided for engineering safety assessment.
The existing cement plug drying shrinkage related measuring methods are 3, one is a resistivity-based measuring method, and the principle is that the resistivities of cement paste and air are different and have magnitude difference; one is the damping coefficient method, which measures the principle that the damping coefficients of air and concrete are different, and the vibration of the vibration sensor will be damped at different speeds. The patent with the authorization number of CN 105223344B discloses a method and a detector for detecting the grouting fullness of a steel bar sleeve of an assembled concrete structure, which can judge whether concrete is filled around a sensor, realize the detection of the grouting fullness, but cannot give a quantitative value; one method is a method for measuring reflection characteristics of different interfaces based on ultrasound, and patent No. CN 109470769A utilizes reflection wave characteristics of ultrasonic waves at different interfaces in the range of a concrete protective layer and a grouting sleeve, and judges the grouting fullness condition in the sleeve according to the intensity of reflection wave signals received by an ultrasonic transducer at the inner wall of the sleeve. The ultrasonic transducer of 0.5M-2MHz is adopted to directly arrange measuring points on the surface of the concrete member, so that the method is simple, convenient and quick, a sensor does not need to be pre-embedded in advance, and the defects that a free surface is needed, the distance between the measuring points is required to be between 5mm and 20mm, and the resolution is not high during quantification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring the shrinkage of a cement plug without a facing empty surface, which solves the technical problem of remote accurate measurement of the shrinkage of the cement plug without the facing empty surface.
In order to achieve the purpose and solve the technical problems, the invention provides a dry shrinkage measuring method for a cement plug without a free surface, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, arranging an ultrasonic transducer array consisting of a plurality of ultrasonic transducer array elements at a position where cement plug shrinkage needs to be monitored, wherein the number and the spacing of the ultrasonic transducer array elements are determined according to actual measurement requirements;
each ultrasonic transducer array element in the ultrasonic transducer array can be used as a transmitting transducer or a receiving transducer; calibrating the signal intensity of filling media respectively comprising water, air and concrete in a laboratory in advance;
and 4, if the determination is not definite, selecting other ultrasonic transducer array elements as transmitting transducers, using the other ultrasonic transducer array elements as receiving transducers, and performing comprehensive analysis and determination until the measurement effect is achieved after multiple groups of data are obtained.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer adopts an axial transducer or a radial transducer, the invention adopts the radial transducer, the frequency of the transducer is more than or equal to 28kHz, the size of the transducer is as small as possible, and the measurement accuracy is more favorable;
furthermore, the distance between the ultrasonic transducer array elements is 2-20mm, the measurement resolution can be improved by making the array element distance as small as possible, and the arrangement mode is not limited;
furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer is designed by adopting a PVDF piezoelectric film, and can also be made of piezoelectric ceramics, EMFi electromechanical films and the like, and the invention can also be realized;
furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer adopts a cylindrical structure or a planar structure so as to reduce the volume of the transducer and improve the measurement resolution;
furthermore, the piezoelectric film is protected by a PET film.
The invention also provides a measuring device for the dry shrinkage of the cement plug without the face surface, which is used for realizing the detection method and comprises the following steps: an ultrasonic transducer having transmit and receive functions; an array composed of a plurality of transducers as array elements; the transducer exciting circuit and the signal conditioning circuit are connected with the ultrasonic transducer through the multiplexer and are used for exciting the transducer, receiving and conditioning received signals, and the multiplexer is used for switching transmitting and receiving array elements. The control and signal processing circuit is connected with the exciting circuit, the conditioning circuit, the signal transmission circuit and the power management circuit so as to control the excitation and receiving sequence of the transducer, process the received signals and control the storage and transmission of the signals;
according to the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
aiming at the defects in the prior art, the measuring method realizes remote accurate measurement of the cement plug shrinkage without a free surface by utilizing the difference of propagation attenuation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in different media, and has intuitive and obvious criterion and good applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a measurement object in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a transducer array of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a transducer array of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a cylindrical transducer of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of a cylindrical transducer of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an expanded view of the piezoelectric film and protective layer of the cylindrical transducer according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the piezoelectric film and the passivation layer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the measuring device of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. transducer array, 11, shell, 12, pouring sealant, 13, PCB bottom board, 2, PCB bottom board, 21, base body, 22, piezoelectric film, 23, positive electrode pin, 24, negative electrode pin, 25, PET protective layer, 3, measuring device, 31, multiplexer, 32, transducer excitation circuit, 33, signal conditioning circuit, 34, power management circuit, 35, control and signal processing circuit, 36, signal transmission circuit, 4, cable, 5, wall rock, 6 and cement plug.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As the ultrasound propagates, its energy attenuates with increasing distance, and when passing through the interface of impedance discontinuity, reflections occur and the energy is further attenuated. The acoustic impedance in air is about 0.0004MRayl, and the acoustic impedance of the cement plug in different states is much greater than that of air, so that there is greater attenuation as the ultrasonic waves propagate between the two. When the transmitting array element is in the air, the strength of the signals received by the receiving array elements in the air and the cement plug is different, and similarly, when the exciting array element is in the cement plug, the strength of the signals received by the receiving array elements in the air and the cement plug is different. Based on the principle, the transducer can be used for judging the medium at the position of the transducer by using the sensor array, so that the shrinkage of the cement plug can be accurately judged.
Based on the principle, referring to fig. 1-9, the embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a device for measuring the dry shrinkage of a cement plug without a blank surface by an ultrasonic attenuation method. The measuring method comprises the following steps:
in this example, the method of the invention was used to measure the dry shrinkage of the cement plug 6 in the sealed-in section of the surrounding rock 5. And the cement plug 6 is used for injecting cement slurry from the grouting pipe to fill the grouting section in the surrounding rock so as to realize sealing.
An ultrasonic transducer used in the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 4 to 7, but the present invention is only given as an example, and those skilled in the art can design it in practice according to the task requirements. The ultrasonic transducer in the embodiment is a cylindrical ultrasonic transducer designed with a diameter of 1.6mm by using a PVDF piezoelectric film 22 with a diameter of 28 μm, and the frequency is 80 kHz. Two sides of the piezoelectric film are covered with a PET film 25 with the thickness of 80 mu m for protection, and the matrix 21 is printed by resin; the piezoelectric film 22 has positive and negative electrode leads 23 and 24 connected to both surfaces thereof, respectively, and is fixed to the base 21 after covering the PET protective film 25.
In the embodiment, the transducer array 1 is shown in fig. 2 and 3, and includes 10 ultrasonic transducer elements 2, an array element spacing of 2mm, a PCB bottom plate 13, a housing 11, and a potting adhesive 12; the transducer elements 2 are soldered to a PCB base plate 13 which is fixed within the housing 11 and sealed by pouring a potting compound 12.
Fig. 8 shows a dry shrinkage measuring device 3 without a cement plug on a face, which includes a transducer array 1, a multiplexer 31, a transducer excitation circuit 32, a signal conditioning circuit 33, a power management circuit 34, a control and signal processing circuit 35, and a signal transmission circuit 36. The transducer array 1 is connected to a transducer excitation circuit 32 and a signal conditioning circuit 33 via a multiplexer 31, and a control and signal processing circuit 35 is connected to the transducer excitation circuit 32, the signal conditioning circuit 33, a power management circuit 34, and a signal transmission circuit 36, respectively. The control and signal processing circuit 35 controls the multiplexer 31, array elements on the transducer array 1 are selected as a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer, the control transducer exciting circuit 32 excites the transmitting transducer, the receiving transducer receives signals, is conditioned by the signal conditioning circuit 33, is sent to the control and signal processing circuit 35 for processing and storage, and is sent to a remote end for display and storage through the signal transmission circuit 36.
The embodiment of the invention provides a dry shrinkage measurement method for a cement plug without a facing empty surface, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, array elements are respectively used as transmitting and receiving transducers, and the signal intensity when filling media are respectively water, air and concrete is calibrated in a laboratory in advance, because the acoustic impedance of the media has larger difference, the signal propagation attenuation is different when different media are filled;
and 3, starting the measuring device, controlling the multiplexer 31 by the control and signal processing circuit 35, sequentially selecting the array elements on the transducer array 1 as transmitting transducers, using the rest as receiving transducers, controlling the transducer exciting circuit 32 to excite the transmitting transducers, conditioning the signals received by the receiving transducers by the signal conditioning circuit 33, sending the conditioned signals to the control and signal processing circuit 35 for processing and storage, and sending the processed signals to a remote end through the signal transmission circuit 36 for display and storage.
exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. The method for measuring the dry shrinkage of the cement plug without the face is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, arranging an ultrasonic transducer array consisting of a plurality of ultrasonic transducer array elements at a position where cement plug shrinkage needs to be monitored, wherein the number and the spacing of the ultrasonic transducer array elements are determined according to actual measurement requirements;
each ultrasonic transducer array element in the ultrasonic transducer array can be used as a transmitting transducer or a receiving transducer; calibrating the signal intensity of filling media respectively comprising water, air and concrete in a laboratory in advance;
step 2, exciting one ultrasonic transducer array element, taking the rest ultrasonic transducer array elements as receiving transducers to receive signals, and calibrating the intensity of the signals received by each ultrasonic transducer array element when different media such as air, water and concrete exist among the array elements;
step 3, judging which ultrasonic transducer array elements are in the air and which transducer array elements are in the concrete according to the received signal intensity, and judging whether the cement plug is shrunk or not and the specific shrinkage value;
and 4, if the determination is not definite, selecting other ultrasonic transducer array elements as transmitting transducers, using the other ultrasonic transducer array elements as receiving transducers, and performing comprehensive analysis and determination until the measurement effect is achieved after multiple groups of data are obtained.
2. The method for measuring the dry shrinkage of the cement plug without the blank surface according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is an axial transducer or a radial transducer.
3. The method for measuring the dry shrinkage of the cement plug without the facing empty surface of the claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is a radial transducer, the frequency of the transducer is not less than 28kHz, and the measuring effect is better.
4. The method for measuring the dry shrinkage of the cement plug without the face space of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is designed by adopting a PVDF piezoelectric film so as to reduce the volume of the transducer and improve the measurement resolution.
5. The method for measuring the dry shrinkage of the cement plug without the facing hollow surface of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is made of piezoelectric ceramics or EMFi electromechanical films and the like.
6. The method for measuring the dry shrinkage of the cement plug without the facing surface of claim 4, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is of a cylindrical structure or a planar structure.
7. The method for measuring the dry shrinkage of the cement plug without the face space of claim 4, wherein the piezoelectric film is protected by a PET film.
8. The method for measuring the dry shrinkage of the cement plug without the face space of the claim 1, wherein the spacing between the ultrasonic transducer array elements is 2-20mm, and the arrangement mode is not limited.
9. A measuring device for implementing the method for measuring the shrinkage of the cement plug without the blank surface according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising an ultrasonic transducer with transmitting and receiving functions; an ultrasonic transducer array composed of a plurality of ultrasonic transducers as ultrasonic transducer array elements; the transducer exciting circuit and the signal conditioning circuit are connected with the ultrasonic transducer through the multiplexer and used for exciting the transducer and conditioning received signals, and the multiplexer is used for switching transmitting and receiving array elements. The control and signal processing circuit is connected with the exciting circuit, the conditioning circuit, the signal transmission circuit and the power management circuit so as to control the exciting and receiving sequence of the transducer, process the received signals and control the storage and transmission of the signals.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110533456.4A CN113092590A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | Dry shrinkage measurement method for cement plug without face surface |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110533456.4A CN113092590A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | Dry shrinkage measurement method for cement plug without face surface |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113092590A true CN113092590A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
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| CN202110533456.4A Pending CN113092590A (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | Dry shrinkage measurement method for cement plug without face surface |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102047106A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2011-05-04 | 通用电气传感与检测科技有限公司 | Method and device for the non-destructive ultrasonic testing of a test piece with flat surfaces at an angle to each other |
| CN106168604A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-30 | 上海交通大学 | The monitoring method of a kind of concrete slab interlayer straight joint and device |
| CN108332846A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-07-27 | 东南大学 | Flush type sonac in a kind of cement concrete constructions |
| CN109632948A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-16 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | A method of along pulp duct unilateral side ultrasound checking sleeve grouting full weight |
-
2021
- 2021-05-17 CN CN202110533456.4A patent/CN113092590A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102047106A (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2011-05-04 | 通用电气传感与检测科技有限公司 | Method and device for the non-destructive ultrasonic testing of a test piece with flat surfaces at an angle to each other |
| CN106168604A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-30 | 上海交通大学 | The monitoring method of a kind of concrete slab interlayer straight joint and device |
| CN108332846A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-07-27 | 东南大学 | Flush type sonac in a kind of cement concrete constructions |
| CN109632948A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-16 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | A method of along pulp duct unilateral side ultrasound checking sleeve grouting full weight |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵建伟;赵咏梅;张东亮;: "基于超声法的无临空面水泥塞强度在线测量技术研究", 混凝土, no. 06, pages 52 - 54 * |
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