CN113092327A - Iron-chromium-aluminum powder granularity testing method - Google Patents
Iron-chromium-aluminum powder granularity testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113092327A CN113092327A CN202110388886.1A CN202110388886A CN113092327A CN 113092327 A CN113092327 A CN 113092327A CN 202110388886 A CN202110388886 A CN 202110388886A CN 113092327 A CN113092327 A CN 113092327A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
- G01N15/0227—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging using imaging, e.g. a projected image of suspension; using holography
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for testing the particle size of iron-chromium-aluminum powder, which comprises the following steps: a: putting an iron-chromium-aluminum powder sample into a test tube; b: adding light oil into the test tube to soak the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, and stirring; c: pouring out supernatant in the test tube, adding base oil or liquid paraffin, and stirring to replace light oil; d: heating the bottom of the test tube by using an alcohol lamp, observing the temperature, adding the dispersion liquid, stirring simultaneously, observing the temperature of a thermometer, keeping the temperature of the thermometer at 180 +/-2 ℃, and stirring continuously; e: then stopping heating, placing a reflector with a smooth surface under the glass slide, placing the reflector into a microscope for observation, and calculating the particle size of the ferrochromium-aluminum powder by using an image analyzer. The metallographic microscope is used for observing the form of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, the image analyzer is used for measuring the particle size and the distribution of the powder, the statistics and the analysis are automatically controlled, the quality of the material is timely and accurately evaluated, and the operation is convenient, simple and quick.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a new method for testing the particle size of iron-chromium-aluminum powder, which directly uses a metallographic microscope and an image analyzer to test the particle size, shape and distribution of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, in particular to a method for testing the particle size of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder.
Background
The dispersion of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, the observation of the powder form by a metallographic microscope, the measurement of the particle size and the distribution by an image analyzer, automatic control statistics and analysis are carried out, the quality of the material is timely and accurately evaluated, and a proposal is provided for the optimization of the production process, so that the method has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing the particle size of iron-chromium-aluminum powder, which utilizes a metallographic microscope to observe the shape of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, utilizes an image analyzer to measure the particle size and distribution of the powder, automatically controls statistics and analysis, evaluates the quality of the material timely and accurately, and is convenient, simple and rapid to operate.
The technical scheme disclosed by the invention is as follows: a method for testing the particle size of iron-chromium-aluminum powder comprises the following steps:
a: putting an iron-chromium-aluminum powder sample into a test tube;
b: adding light oil into the test tube to soak the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, stirring to disperse the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, and simultaneously converting the hydrophilic and oleophobic surfaces of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder into lipophilic surfaces;
c: pouring out supernatant in the test tube, adding base oil or liquid paraffin, and stirring to replace light oil;
d: heating the bottom of the test tube with alcohol lamp, observing temperature, lifting the test tube when the temperature rises to 180-200 deg.C, making the test tube far away from the flame, adding the dispersion, stirring, observing temperature of the thermometer at 180 + -2, keeping the temperature, and stirring continuously;
e: stopping heating, stirring at intervals, cooling to room temperature, pulling out the stirring rod, standing, dipping the rod with the surface oil, coating the surface oil on a glass slide drop by drop, placing a reflector with a smooth surface under the glass slide, observing in a microscope, and calculating the particle size of the Fe-Cr-Al powder by using an image analyzer.
On the basis of the scheme, the mass of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder sample is preferably not less than 0.1g, the mass of the light oil is 2ml, the mass of the base oil or the liquid paraffin is 2ml, and the mass of the dispersion liquid is 2-3 ml.
On the basis of the above scheme, the light oil is preferably TS dewatering rust preventive oil.
In addition to the above, the dispersion is preferably a composite dispersant composed of a plurality of surfactants, and the composite dispersant is composed of synthetic calcium sulfonate (T1), diene succinimide (T2), and high molecular succinimide (T3).
In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the ratio of the synthetic calcium sulfonate (T1), the diene-based succinimide (T2), and the polymer succinimide (T3) is preferably 1: 1: 1.
in addition to the above, preferably, the light reflecting body is white paper.
On the basis of the scheme, preferably, in the step B, the stirring time is half an hour; c, stirring for 1 minute; and D, keeping the temperature for ten minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the metallographic microscope is used for observing the form of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, the image analyzer is used for measuring the particle size and the distribution of the powder, the statistics and the analysis are automatically controlled, the quality of the material is timely and accurately evaluated, and the operation is convenient, simple and quick.
The dispersion liquid is a compound dispersant consisting of a plurality of surfactants, and specifically consists of synthetic calcium sulfonate (T1), diene-based succinimide (T2) and high-molecular succinimide (T3), and molecules of the polar surfactants can generate strong chemical adsorption on the surfaces of particles, and synergies with each other to generate a comprehensive dispersion effect.
In order to generate strong chemical adsorption effect, hard agglomerates are broken up by mechanical force through continuous stirring in a 180 ℃ thermal environment, once the agglomerates are disintegrated, surfactant molecules join in pairs, the original particle agglomerates are coated, a thermal dispersion process is formed, powder is fully dispersed, and the effect is optimal through continuous stirring.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing the morphology of a ferrochromium aluminum powder of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the particle area distribution probability of ferrochromium powder;
fig. 3 is a histogram of the distribution of the equivalent diameters of the particles of the ferrochromium powder.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a method for testing the particle size of ferrochromium aluminum powder comprises the following steps:
a: taking 0.5 g of iron-chromium-aluminum powder sample, and putting the iron-chromium-aluminum powder sample into a test tube, wherein the mass of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder can slightly fluctuate up and down;
b: adding about 2ml of light oil into a test tube, fully stirring, standing for about half an hour, and if the powder is too little and the dispersion liquid is too much, then the dispersed iron-chromium-aluminum powder observed under a microscope is less and is not convenient for statistics, and if the powder is too much, the dispersion liquid is too little and the dispersion effect is poor. In the step, the light oil is TS dehydration antirust oil, the iron chromium aluminum powder inevitably contacts the atmosphere in the manufacturing process, a thin layer of moisture and air invisible to naked eyes can be easily adsorbed due to the unbalance of a gravitational field on the surface of the particles, the powder is adhered into small groups to form a hydrophilic-oleophobic surface, and the TS dehydration antirust oil is used for soaking a sample, so that the moisture and the air adsorbed on the surface of the powder particles can be replaced by an oil film to be converted into a lipophilic surface, and the wetting process is realized.
C: pouring out supernatant in the test tube, adding 2ml of base oil or liquid paraffin, and stirring for 1 minute; however, TS dehydrated antirust oil belongs to light oil, has low viscosity and low boiling point, is not suitable for a dispersion medium, and is replaced by heavy base oil to serve as the dispersion medium.
D: heating the bottom of a test tube by using an alcohol lamp, observing the temperature, raising the test tube to a height when the temperature rises to 180-200 ℃, keeping the test tube far away from flame, adding 2-3 ml of dispersion liquid, stirring simultaneously, observing the temperature of a thermometer, keeping the temperature at 180 +/-2 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10 minutes, and stirring continuously, wherein the dispersion liquid is a composite dispersing agent consisting of various surfactants, specifically consisting of synthetic calcium sulfonate (T1), diene succinimide (T2) and high-molecular succinimide (T3), and the volume ratio is 1: 1: optimally, the polar surfactant molecules can generate strong chemical adsorption on the particle surface and mutually synergize to generate comprehensive dispersion effect. In order to generate strong chemical adsorption effect, hard agglomerates are broken up by mechanical force under the condition of continuous stirring in a 180 ℃ thermal environment, once the agglomerates are disintegrated, surfactant molecules enter by mistake, the original particle agglomerates are coated, a thermal dispersion process is formed, the powder is fully dispersed, and the effect is optimal by continuous stirring. Small black spot agglomerates "dissolved" into the hot oil while stirring.
E: stopping heating, stirring from time to fully disperse the powder, when cooling to room temperature, pulling out the stirring rod, standing for a while, dipping a rod with surface oil, coating the rod with one drop of surface oil on a glass slide, placing a reflector with a smooth surface under the glass slide, wherein impurities can influence the accuracy of data, observing in a metallographic microscope, calculating the granularity of the ferrochromium-aluminum powder by using an image analyzer, and injecting: and observing that no other impurities exist in the coating under a metallographic microscope.
In the technical scheme of the invention, based on the reason that the ferrochromium-aluminum powder inevitably contacts the atmosphere in the manufacturing process, a thin layer of moisture and air invisible to naked eyes is easily adsorbed by the ferrochromium-aluminum powder due to the unbalance of the gravitational field on the surface of the powder, so that the powder is bonded into small groups, aiming at the reason that a ferrochromium-aluminum powder sample needs to replace a hydrophilic-oleophobic surface on the surface of the ferrochromium-aluminum powder with light oil to form an oleophilic surface so as to obtain the hydrophilic-oleophobic surface, so that the oleophilic surface is changed into a desired oleophilic surface, and the moisture and the air adsorbed on the surface of the powder particles can be replaced by an oil film. The glass test tube can show that the powder is primarily dispersed in the light oil medium, the powder mass disappears, and a plurality of small black spots appear. Then replacing with heavy base oil, taking heavy oil as dispersion medium, and finally treating with dispersion liquid to fully disperse the powder. In this embodiment, if only heavy oil is used, the ferrochromium powder cannot be dispersed well.
The iron-chromium-aluminum powder is dispersed and quantitatively analyzed by the dispersion process. The results of the analysis are shown in tables 1 to 3 and FIGS. 2 and 3. The analyzed number of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder particles is 376, the minimum particle area is 6.9444e-007(mm x mm), the maximum particle area is 8.6667e-005, and the particle morphology of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder is shown in figure 1.
TABLE 1 particle parameters (mean) of particles of ferrochromium powder
TABLE 2 probability of particle area distribution of the particles of the ferrochromium powder (step SP:10)
| Particle area Range (mm) | Distribution probability (percentage) |
| 6.9444e-007 | 62.7660 |
| 001SP | 17.0213 |
| 002SP | 6.3830 |
| 003SP | 9.8404 |
| 004SP | 1.3298 |
| 005SP | 1.5957 |
| 006SP | 0.5319 |
| 007SP | 0.0000 |
| 008SP | 0.2660 |
| 8.6667e-005 | 0.2660 |
TABLE 3 particle parameters of particles of Fe-Cr-Al powder
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The iron-chromium-aluminum powder granularity testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a: putting an iron-chromium-aluminum powder sample into a test tube;
b: adding light oil into the test tube to soak the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, stirring to disperse the iron-chromium-aluminum powder, and simultaneously converting the hydrophilic and oleophobic surfaces of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder into lipophilic surfaces;
c: pouring out supernatant in the test tube, adding base oil or liquid paraffin, and stirring to replace light oil;
d: heating the bottom of the test tube with alcohol lamp, observing temperature, lifting the test tube when the temperature rises to 180-200 deg.C, making the test tube far away from the flame, adding the dispersion, stirring, observing temperature of the thermometer at 180 + -2, keeping the temperature, and stirring continuously;
e: stopping heating, stirring at intervals, cooling to room temperature, pulling out the stirring rod, standing, dipping the rod with the surface oil, coating the surface oil on a glass slide drop by drop, placing a reflector with a smooth surface under the glass slide, observing in a microscope, and calculating the particle size of the Fe-Cr-Al powder by using an image analyzer.
2. The method for testing the particle size of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass of the iron-chromium-aluminum powder sample is not less than 0.1g, the mass of the light oil is 2ml, the mass of the base oil or the liquid paraffin is 2ml, and the mass of the dispersion liquid is 2-3 ml.
3. The method for testing particle size of iron-chromium-aluminum powder according to claim 1, wherein the light oil is TS dehydrated antirust oil.
4. The method for testing particle size of iron-chromium-aluminum powder according to claim 1, wherein the dispersion is a composite dispersant consisting of a plurality of surfactants, and the composite dispersant consists of synthetic calcium sulfonate (T1), diene-based succinimide (T2) and high molecular succinimide (T3).
5. The method for testing particle size of iron-chromium-aluminum powder according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of synthetic calcium sulfonate (T1), diene-based succinimide (T2), and high molecular weight succinimide (T3) is 1: 1: 1.
6. the method for testing particle size of iron chromium aluminum powder of claim 1 wherein the reflector is white paper.
7. The iron chromium aluminum powder particle size test method of claim 1 wherein in step B, the stirring time is half an hour; c, stirring for 1 minute; and D, keeping the temperature for ten minutes.
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