CN113092243B - Deep sea rapid loading and unloading device and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep sea rapid loading and unloading device which comprises a main cabin body and at least one air cabin body, wherein two ends of the main cabin body are controlled by a high-pressure ball valve to control a switch, the main cabin body is communicated with the air cabin body through the high-pressure ball valve, and a temperature and pressure probe is arranged in the main cabin body. The invention also discloses a deep sea rapid loading and unloading method, which comprises the following steps: closing all the high-pressure ball valves; lowering the deep sea rapid loading and unloading device to a preset deep sea position; opening high-pressure ball valves at two ends of the main cabin body to realize quick pressurization of the main cabin body; and closing the high-pressure ball valves at the two ends of the main cabin body, and then opening the high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin body and the air cabin body to realize the quick pressure relief of the main cabin body. The invention utilizes the natural high-pressure and constant-temperature characteristics of deep sea, can be used for directly measuring in-situ thermodynamic parameters of deep sea water, can also be used for carrying out adiabatic rapid loading and unloading thermodynamic experiments on large-size samples, and provides a simple and effective rapid adiabatic loading and unloading scheme for medium thermodynamic experiments.

Description

Deep sea fast loading and unloading device and method

technical field

The invention relates to a deep-sea fast loading and unloading device and a method thereof.

Background technique

Thermodynamic parameters of the medium (such as adiabatic stress-temperature response coefficient ((dT/dP)s), expansion coefficient (α), thermal conductivity (λ), volumetric heat capacity (ρc _p ) and thermal diffusivity (κ) of the medium and other parameters), which is one of the very basic and important physical properties. These thermodynamic parameters are usually measured in a laboratory environment by gradual heating and pressure. For example, Chen Shunyun et al. (2009) in the process of developing the temperature response test method of rock adiabatic stress change, stick the temperature sensor on the rock sample surface, and directly contact with the air, in an open system, and then observe the rock sample surface under slow stress loading The temperature change during the process is not only limited by the conventional stress loading platform, and cannot be loaded and unloaded instantaneously, but also because the ambient temperature fluctuates and the heat exchange between the rock surface and the air is unavoidable, it is impossible to truly realize the adiabatic state. Stress loading and unloading. Although Yang Xiaoqiu et al. (2017) placed a temperature sensor in the center and surface of the cylindrical rock sample, and then encapsulated it with a rubber sleeve and placed it in a pressure-resistant pot filled with silicone oil, and used a pressure pump to pump the temperature sensor in one of the pressure-resistant pots. The confining pressure rises to a predetermined pressure (such as 130MPa), and after the temperature of the whole system reaches equilibrium, the drain valve between the two pressure-resistant tanks is manually opened quickly, so that within 1-2s, the confining pressure in one pressure-resistant tank is instantly reduced , while the confining pressure in the other pressure-resistant irrigation increased instantaneously, and within 10 to 20 s after the drain valve was quickly opened, the temperature change of the silicone oil in the pressure-resistant irrigation did not affect the center of the rock sample, thus realizing the rock sample. Adiabatic loading and unloading. However, the constant temperature capability of the ambient temperature in the laboratory is very limited. Even when the constant temperature air conditioner is turned on, the temperature fluctuation reaches ±1°C within 1 hour, which will affect the rock thermodynamic test results. On the other hand, the current conventional press or high-pressure pump can realize the stress loading and unloading of small samples, but it is difficult to achieve for large-scale rock samples.

Through long-term observation of the seabed, we can see that the deep sea not only has a natural high-pressure environment, but also has a natural constant temperature environment. The following takes the temperature fluctuation characteristics of the bottom water of the Japan Trench from August 2008 to November 2009 as an example (see Table 1 for details).

Table 1. Long-term observation information of temperature fluctuation of bottom water in the Japan Trench (data from voyage KR09-16)

It can be seen from the above table that the inter-annual fluctuation range of the bottom water temperature in the water depths of 1420-1830 meters in the Japan Trench is 0.40-0.55 °C, the daily fluctuation range is 0.02-0.24 °C, and the fluctuation range within 2 hours is within 0.001 °C ( That is, ≤1.0mK), and as a whole, with the increase of water depth, the fluctuation range of bottom water temperature is smaller, and the daily fluctuation range of bottom water temperature is less than 0.04℃ in the sea area with a water depth of 1700 meters or more. It can be seen from this that the deep sea (especially the open ocean with a water depth of more than 2000 meters) is indeed a natural high pressure and constant temperature environment. To this end, a new stress loading and unloading method can be provided for medium thermodynamic experiments by utilizing the natural high pressure and constant temperature characteristics of the deep sea.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One object of the present invention is to provide a deep-sea rapid loading and unloading device, which can realize rapid adiabatic loading and unloading.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple and effective deep-sea fast loading and unloading method.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A deep-sea fast loading and unloading device includes a main cabin and at least one air cabin, both ends of the main cabin are controlled and switched by a high-pressure ball valve, the main cabin and the air cabin are communicated through a high-pressure ball valve, and the interior of the main cabin is provided with a high-pressure ball valve. Thermobaric probe.

When in use, carry the device to the deep sea through a carrier or platform such as an underwater robot, and then quickly open the high-pressure ball valve of the main cabin through the controllable manipulator of the carrier or platform such as an underwater robot, so that the pressure in the main cabin instantly rises or lower, enabling instant loading or unloading.

Preferably, the high-pressure ball valve is connected to both ends of the main cabin through end caps.

Preferably, the outer wall of the main cabin is provided with a fixing bracket.

Preferably, the outer end of the high-pressure ball valve at one end of the main cabin is connected with a funnel-shaped air guide cover.

A deep-sea fast loading and unloading method adopts the above-mentioned deep-sea fast loading and unloading device, and the method comprises:

Open the high-pressure ball valves at both ends of the main cabin, close the high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin and the air cabin; lower the deep-sea quick loading and unloading device to the predetermined deep-sea position; close the high-pressure ball valves at both ends of the main cabin; open the main cabin and the air High pressure ball valve between cabins to achieve rapid depressurization of the main cabin; or

Close all high-pressure ball valves; lower the deep-sea quick loading and unloading device to the predetermined deep-sea position; open the high-pressure ball valves at both ends of the main cabin to achieve rapid pressurization of the main cabin; close the high-pressure ball valves at both ends of the main cabin, and then open the main cabin The high-pressure ball valve between the air cabin and the air cabin realizes the rapid pressure relief of the main cabin.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention utilizes the deep-sea natural high pressure and constant temperature characteristics, not only can be used to directly measure deep-sea seawater in-situ thermodynamic parameters (such as adiabatic self-pressure coefficient), but also can be used for adiabatic rapid loading and unloading of large-size samples (seabed sediments, rocks or other materials). Thermodynamic experiments provide a very simple and effective rapid adiabatic loading and unloading scheme for medium thermodynamic experiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the deep-sea fast loading and unloading device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the deep-sea fast loading and unloading device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the temperature response curve that the present invention is applied to the Western Pacific deep-sea seawater rapid unloading process;

Description of reference numerals: 1-main cabin; 2-air cabin; 3-high pressure ball valve one; 4-high pressure ball valve two; 5-high pressure ball valve three; 6-upper end cover; 7-lower end cover; ; 9-Fixed bracket; 10-Temperature and pressure probe.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

Example

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a deep-sea rapid loading and unloading device includes a main cabin 1 and an air cabin 2, wherein the number of the air cabins 2 can be configured as multiple as required. In this embodiment, 1 are described.

The main cabin body 1 can adopt a pressure-resistant cylindrical tubular structure made of stainless steel. The opening and closing of the first ball valve 3 and the second high pressure ball valve 4 realizes the opening and closing of the main cabin 1 .

The air cabin body 2 is located on the side of the main cabin body 1, and is connected to the side of the upper end cover 6 through the high-pressure ball valve 3 5 to realize the communication with the main cabin body 1. Disconnection and communication of the pod 2.

A temperature and pressure probe 10 is arranged inside the main cabin 1 . Two fixed brackets 9 are arranged on the outer wall of the main cabin 1 for connection with a carrier or platform such as an underwater robot.

Preferably, a funnel-shaped diversion cover 8 is connected to the outer end of the second high-pressure ball valve 4 , which facilitates the entry of seawater into the main cabin 1 during the pressurization process.

When in use, the whole device is carried to the deep sea through a carrier or platform such as an underwater robot, preferably the water depth is more than 1700 meters, to ensure excellent constant temperature, and then the main cabin is quickly opened through the controllable manipulator of the carrier or platform such as an underwater robot. The high-pressure ball valve of body 1 or the high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin 1 and the air cabin 2 can instantly increase or decrease the pressure in the main cabin 1, thereby realizing instant loading or unloading.

Among them, the uninstallation process is as follows:

Step 1: Fix the device on the ROV basket and ensure that the mechanical arm can operate the handles of the three high-pressure ball valves. At the same time, prepare an RBR probe + CTD and install it around the device. Open the high pressure ball valve 1 3 and the high pressure ball valve 2 4, and close the high pressure ball valve 3 5. Check whether the high pressure ball valve one 3 and the high pressure ball valve two 4 are open by blowing air. Preferably, the air chamber body 2 is evacuated.

Step 2: After the ROV reaches the predetermined depth, close the high-pressure ball valve 1 3 and the high-pressure ball valve 2 4, and the high-pressure ball valve 3 5 does not move (maintain the closed state).

The third step: 10 minutes after reaching the predetermined depth, the high-pressure ball valve 1 3 and the high-pressure ball valve 2 4 do not move (maintain the closed state), and the high-pressure ball valve 3 5 is quickly opened by the ROV manipulator to connect the main cabin 1 and the air cabin 2. , to achieve rapid depressurization of the main cabin 1 .

Step 4: The ROV brings the unit back to the deck.

Further, the integrated process of loading and unloading is as follows:

Step 1: Fix the device on the ROV basket and ensure that the mechanical arm can operate the handles of the three high-pressure ball valves. At the same time, prepare an RBR probe + CTD and install it around the device. Close all high pressure ball valves. Preferably, the main cabin body 1 and the air cabin body 2 are evacuated.

Step 2: After the ROV reaches the predetermined depth, quickly open the high-pressure ball valve 1 3 and the high-pressure ball valve 2 4, and the high-pressure ball valve 3 5 does not move (maintain the closed state) to realize the rapid pressurization of the main cabin 1.

Step 3: After stabilization, close the high-pressure ball valve 1 3 and the high-pressure ball valve 2 4 , and then quickly open the high-pressure ball valve 3 5 to realize the rapid pressure relief of the main cabin 1 .

Step 4: The ROV brings the unit back to the deck.

Figure 3 is the temperature response curve during the rapid unloading process of the deep sea water in the western Pacific Ocean. The invention has been tested by the deep sea experiment in the western Pacific Ocean, and the adiabatic stress-temperature response coefficient (dT/dP)s=8.10mK/ Mpa, which proves that the device of the present invention is practical and can work stably.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement them accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a deep-sea fast loading and unloading method, adopts a deep-sea fast loading and unloading device, it is characterized in that: the device comprises a main cabin and at least one air cabin, the main cabin two ends are controlled by a high-pressure ball valve, the main cabin and the air cabin The bodies are communicated through a high-pressure ball valve, and a temperature and pressure probe is arranged inside the main cabin; the high-pressure ball valve is connected to both ends of the main cabin through an end cover; the outer end of the high-pressure ball valve at one end of the main cabin is connected with a a funnel-shaped shroud; the method comprising: Open the high-pressure ball valves at both ends of the main cabin, close the high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin and the air cabin; lower the deep-sea quick loading and unloading device to the predetermined deep-sea position; close the high-pressure ball valves at both ends of the main cabin; open the main cabin and the air High pressure ball valve between cabins to achieve rapid depressurization of the main cabin; or Close all high-pressure ball valves; lower the deep-sea quick loading and unloading device to the predetermined deep-sea position; open the high-pressure ball valves at both ends of the main cabin to achieve rapid pressurization of the main cabin; close the high-pressure ball valves at both ends of the main cabin, and then open the main cabin The high-pressure ball valve between the air cabin and the air cabin realizes the rapid pressure relief of the main cabin. 2 . The deep-sea fast loading and unloading method according to claim 1 , wherein a fixing bracket is provided on the outer wall of the main cabin. 3 .

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