CN113092243A - Deep sea rapid loading and unloading device and method thereof - Google Patents
Deep sea rapid loading and unloading device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113092243A CN113092243A CN202110500950.0A CN202110500950A CN113092243A CN 113092243 A CN113092243 A CN 113092243A CN 202110500950 A CN202110500950 A CN 202110500950A CN 113092243 A CN113092243 A CN 113092243A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
- G01N2203/0232—High pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deep sea rapid loading and unloading device which comprises a main cabin body and at least one air cabin body, wherein two ends of the main cabin body are controlled by a high-pressure ball valve to control a switch, the main cabin body is communicated with the air cabin body through the high-pressure ball valve, and a temperature and pressure probe is arranged in the main cabin body. The invention also discloses a deep sea rapid loading and unloading method, which comprises the following steps: closing all the high-pressure ball valves; lowering the deep sea rapid loading and unloading device to a preset deep sea position; opening high-pressure ball valves at two ends of the main cabin body to realize quick pressurization of the main cabin body; and closing the high-pressure ball valves at the two ends of the main cabin body, and then opening the high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin body and the air cabin body to realize the quick pressure relief of the main cabin body. The invention utilizes the natural high-pressure and constant-temperature characteristics of deep sea, not only can be used for directly measuring in-situ thermodynamic parameters of deep sea water, but also can be used for carrying out adiabatic rapid loading and unloading thermodynamic experiments of large-size samples, and provides a very simple and effective rapid adiabatic loading and unloading scheme for medium thermodynamic experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a deep sea rapid loading and unloading device and a method thereof.
Background
Thermodynamic parameters of the medium (such as adiabatic stress-temperature response coefficient of the medium ((dT/dP) s), expansion coefficient (alpha), thermal conductivity (lambda), volumetric heat capacity (rho c)p) And thermal diffusivity (κ), which is one of the very basic and important physical properties. These thermodynamic parameters are typically measured in a laboratory environment by gradually increasing the temperature and pressure. For example, in the process of carrying out a temperature response test method for rock adiabatic stress change, such as Chenshui cloud (2009), a temperature sensor is attached to the surface of a rock sample and is in direct contact with air to be in an open system, and then the temperature change of the surface of the rock sample in a slow stress loading process is observed, so that the stress loading and unloading under an adiabatic state cannot be really realized due to the limitation of a conventional stress loading platform and the fact that the stress loading and unloading cannot be realized instantly due to the fluctuation of the ambient temperature and the inevitable heat exchange between the surface of the rock and the air. Although Yang Xiao Qiu et al (2017) passRespectively arranging a temperature sensor in the center and the surface of a cylindrical rock sample, packaging by using a rubber sleeve, putting the cylindrical rock sample in pressure-resistant tanks filled with silicon oil, increasing the surrounding pressure in one pressure-resistant tank to a preset pressure (such as 130MPa) by using a pressure pump, manually and quickly opening a discharge valve between the two pressure-resistant tanks after the temperature of the whole system is balanced, so that the surrounding pressure in one pressure-resistant tank is instantaneously reduced and the surrounding pressure in the other pressure-resistant tank is instantaneously increased within 1-2 s, and the temperature change of the silicon oil in the pressure-resistant tanks does not affect the center of the rock sample within 10-20 s after the discharge valve is quickly opened, thereby realizing the heat insulation loading and unloading of the rock sample. But the thermostatic capability of the environmental temperature of the laboratory is very limited, and even in the case of turning on the thermostatic air conditioner, the temperature fluctuation reaches +/-1 ℃ within 1 hour, which affects the rock thermodynamic test results. On the other hand, the stress loading and unloading of small samples can be realized by the conventional press or high-pressure pump at present, but the stress loading and unloading of large-scale rock samples are difficult to realize.
According to long-term observation on the seabed, the deep sea not only has a natural high-pressure environment, but also has a natural constant-temperature environment. The characteristics of fluctuation of the bottom water temperature of the gully from 2008 and 8 months to 2009 and 11 months are taken as examples (the detailed information is shown in table 1).
TABLE 1 Japanese Long-term observation information table of temperature fluctuation of bottom water of sea ditches (data from KR09-16 voyage)
As can be seen from the above table, the annual fluctuation range of the bottom water temperature in the sea area of 1420-1830 m in Japanese sea ditch water depth is 0.40-0.55 ℃, the heaven fluctuation range is 0.02-0.24 ℃, and the fluctuation range within 2 hours is 0.001 ℃ (namely ≤ 1.0mK), and the integral display shows that the fluctuation range of the bottom water temperature is smaller with the increase of the water depth, the heaven fluctuation range of the bottom water temperature in the sea area of 1700 m in water depth is within 0.04 ℃. It is known that deep sea (especially open ocean with water depths over 2000 m) is a natural high pressure, constant temperature environment. Therefore, a novel stress loading and unloading mode can be provided for a medium thermodynamic experiment by utilizing the natural high-pressure and constant-temperature characteristics of deep sea.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep sea rapid loading and unloading device which can realize rapid adiabatic loading and unloading.
The invention also aims to provide a simple and effective deep sea rapid loading and unloading method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the deep sea rapid loading and unloading device comprises a main cabin body and at least one air cabin body, wherein two ends of the main cabin body are controlled to be switched on and switched off through a high-pressure ball valve, the main cabin body is communicated with the air cabin body through a high-pressure ball valve, and a temperature and pressure probe is arranged in the main cabin body.
When the device is used, the device is carried to deep sea through carriers or platforms such as an underwater robot, and then the high-pressure ball valve of the main cabin body is quickly opened through the controllable mechanical arms of the carriers or platforms such as the underwater robot, so that the pressure in the main cabin body is instantly increased or reduced, and instant loading or unloading is realized.
Preferably, the high-pressure ball valve is connected to two ends of the main cabin body through end covers.
Preferably, the outer wall of the main cabin body is provided with a fixed bracket.
Preferably, the outer end of the high-pressure ball valve at one end of the main cabin body is connected with a funnel-shaped flow guide cover.
The method for quickly loading and unloading the deep sea adopts the device for quickly loading and unloading the deep sea, and comprises the following steps:
opening the high-pressure ball valves at the two ends of the main cabin body, and closing the high-pressure ball valves between the main cabin body and the air cabin body; lowering the deep sea rapid loading and unloading device to a preset deep sea position; closing high-pressure ball valves at two ends of the main cabin body; opening a high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin body and the air cabin body to realize the quick pressure relief of the main cabin body; or
Closing all the high-pressure ball valves; lowering the deep sea rapid loading and unloading device to a preset deep sea position; opening high-pressure ball valves at two ends of the main cabin body to realize quick pressurization of the main cabin body; and closing the high-pressure ball valves at the two ends of the main cabin body, and then opening the high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin body and the air cabin body to realize the quick pressure relief of the main cabin body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes the natural high-pressure and constant-temperature characteristics of deep sea, not only can be used for directly measuring in-situ thermodynamic parameters (such as adiabatic self-pressure coefficient) of the deep sea, but also can be used for carrying out adiabatic rapid loading and unloading thermodynamic experiments on large-size samples (seabed sediments, rocks or other materials), and provides a very simple and effective rapid adiabatic loading and unloading scheme for medium thermodynamic experiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the deep sea rapid loading and unloading apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the deep sea rapid loading and unloading apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a temperature response curve of the present invention applied to a rapid sea unloading process of the Western Pacific ocean;
description of reference numerals: 1-a main cabin; 2-an air chamber; 3-a first high-pressure ball valve; 4-a second high-pressure ball valve; 5-high pressure ball valve III; 6-upper end cover; 7-lower end cap; 8-a flow guide sleeve; 9-fixing a bracket; 10-warm-pressing probe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a deep sea rapid loading and unloading device comprises a main tank body 1 and air tank bodies 2, wherein the number of the air tank bodies 2 can be configured into a plurality according to needs, and is described as 1 in the embodiment.
The main cabin body 1 can be of a pressure-resistant cylindrical tubular structure made of stainless steel, the upper end of the main cabin body is connected with the first high-pressure ball valve 3 through an upper end cover 6 with a shaft hole, the lower end of the main cabin body is connected with the second high-pressure ball valve 4 through a lower end cover 7 with a shaft hole, and the opening and closing of the main cabin body 1 are achieved through the opening and closing of the first high-pressure ball valve 3 and the second high-pressure ball valve 4.
The air cabin body 2 is positioned at the side of the main cabin body 1 and is connected with the side surface of the upper end cover 6 through a high-pressure ball valve III 5 to realize the communication with the main cabin body 1, and the disconnection and the communication between the main cabin body 1 and the air cabin body 2 are realized through the opening and the closing of the high-pressure ball valve III 5.
The main cabin 1 is internally provided with a temperature and pressure probe 10. The outer wall of the main cabin body 1 is provided with 2 fixed brackets 9 for connecting with carriers or platforms such as underwater robots and the like.
Preferably, the outer end of the high-pressure ball valve II 4 is connected with a funnel-shaped diversion cover 8, so that seawater can enter the main cabin body 1 conveniently in the pressurizing process.
When the device is used, the whole device is carried to the deep sea through a carrier or a platform such as an underwater robot, the preferred water depth is more than 1700 meters, the excellent constant temperature is ensured, and then the high-pressure ball valve of the main cabin body 1 or the high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin body 1 and the air cabin body 2 is quickly opened through a controllable manipulator of the carrier or the platform such as the underwater robot, so that the pressure in the main cabin body 1 is instantly increased or reduced, and the instant loading or unloading is realized.
Wherein, the unloading process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: the device is fixed on an ROV basket, so that the mechanical arm can operate handles of three high-pressure ball valves. At the same time, an RBR probe + CTD was prepared and mounted around the device. And opening the first high-pressure ball valve 3 and the second high-pressure ball valve 4, and closing the third high-pressure ball valve 5. And checking whether the high-pressure ball valve I3 and the high-pressure ball valve II 4 are in an open state or not by blowing. Preferably, the air chamber 2 is evacuated.
The second step is that: and after the ROV reaches a preset depth, closing the first high-pressure ball valve 3 and the second high-pressure ball valve 4, and keeping the third high-pressure ball valve 5 motionless (maintaining a closed state).
The third step: after the preset depth is reached for 10 minutes, the first high-pressure ball valve 3 and the second high-pressure ball valve 4 are not moved (the closed state is maintained), the third high-pressure ball valve 5 is quickly opened through an ROV mechanical arm, the main cabin body 1 is communicated with the air cabin body 2, and the quick pressure relief of the main cabin body 1 is realized.
The fourth step: the ROV brings the device back to the deck.
Further, the loading and unloading integration process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: the device is fixed on an ROV basket, so that the mechanical arm can operate handles of three high-pressure ball valves. At the same time, an RBR probe + CTD was prepared and mounted around the device. All high pressure ball valves are closed. Preferably, the main chamber 1 and the air chamber 2 are evacuated.
The second step is that: after the ROV reaches a preset depth, the first high-pressure ball valve 3 and the second high-pressure ball valve 4 are quickly opened, and the third high-pressure ball valve 5 is not moved (kept in a closed state), so that the main cabin body 1 is quickly pressurized.
The third step: after the stabilization, the first high-pressure ball valve 3 and the second high-pressure ball valve 4 are closed, and then the third high-pressure ball valve 5 is quickly opened, so that the quick pressure relief of the main cabin body 1 is realized.
The fourth step: the ROV brings the device back to the deck.
FIG. 3 is a temperature response curve in the process of rapid unloading of deep sea water in the Western Pacific ocean, and tests of the deep sea in the Western Pacific ocean prove that the adiabatic stress-temperature response coefficient (dT/dP) s of the bottom water of the WPO-Site02 station is 8.10mK/Mpa, and the device is practical and can stably work.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a deep sea adds uninstallation device fast which characterized in that: the air-conditioning cabin comprises a main cabin body and at least one air cabin body, wherein two ends of the main cabin body are controlled to be switched on and off through high-pressure ball valves, the main cabin body is communicated with the air cabin body through the high-pressure ball valves, and a temperature and pressure probe is arranged in the main cabin body.
2. The deep sea rapid loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-pressure ball valve is connected with the two ends of the main cabin body through end covers.
3. The deep sea rapid loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the main cabin body is provided with a fixed support.
4. The deep sea rapid loading and unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer end of the high-pressure ball valve at one end of the main cabin body is connected with a funnel-shaped flow guide cover.
5. A rapid deep sea loading and unloading method using the rapid deep sea loading and unloading apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
opening the high-pressure ball valves at the two ends of the main cabin body, and closing the high-pressure ball valves between the main cabin body and the air cabin body; lowering the deep sea rapid loading and unloading device to a preset deep sea position; closing high-pressure ball valves at two ends of the main cabin body; opening a high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin body and the air cabin body to realize the quick pressure relief of the main cabin body; or
Closing all the high-pressure ball valves; lowering the deep sea rapid loading and unloading device to a preset deep sea position; opening high-pressure ball valves at two ends of the main cabin body to realize quick pressurization of the main cabin body; and closing the high-pressure ball valves at the two ends of the main cabin body, and then opening the high-pressure ball valve between the main cabin body and the air cabin body to realize the quick pressure relief of the main cabin body.
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