CN113092055A - Automatic zero calibration mechanism and zero calibration method for wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism - Google Patents
Automatic zero calibration mechanism and zero calibration method for wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN113092055A CN113092055A CN202110640987.3A CN202110640987A CN113092055A CN 113092055 A CN113092055 A CN 113092055A CN 202110640987 A CN202110640987 A CN 202110640987A CN 113092055 A CN113092055 A CN 113092055A
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- push rod
- zero calibration
- photoelectric
- photoelectric switches
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/08—Aerodynamic models
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic zero calibration mechanism and a zero calibration method of a wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism, wherein the zero calibration mechanism comprises an electric cylinder, the electric cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel and a push rod arranged in the cylinder barrel, the end part of the push rod is movably connected with the other end of a rotating arm, a reflecting layer is arranged on one section of surface of the push rod, two independent photoelectric switches are arranged on the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel along the axial direction, the signal transmitting and receiving surfaces of the photoelectric switches are parallel to the movement direction of the push rod, and the reflecting layer of the push rod is not in contact with the signal transmitting and receiving surfaces of the photoelectric switches. The positions of the two photoelectric switches in the motion direction along the motion axis and the distance between the two photoelectric switches are adjusted through the position adjusting device, so that the two photoelectric switches can simultaneously sense signals in the zero position of the mechanism and output pulse signals to a control system, and the zero position detection of the mechanism is realized. The device has the characteristics of simple and reliable use, no interference with the movement of the mechanism and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind tunnel tests, in particular to an automatic zero calibration mechanism and a zero calibration method of a wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism.
Background
The wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism adopts linear transmission to realize angular movement, and the action principle of a sideslip (beta) mechanism is shown in figure 1. The rotating arm is driven to carry out angular motion around the rotating shaft through the linear telescopic motion of the electric push rod, so that the rotating rack and the test model are driven to realize beta angular motion around the rotating shaft together. Each beta angle point corresponds to the linear displacement of the push rod, and the linear displacement of the push rod is indirectly obtained through a motor encoder of the motor cylinder. After the similar mechanism operates for a period of time, in order to ensure the positioning accuracy, the corresponding relation between the zero position of the angle mechanism and the value of the motor encoder can be confirmed again, so that the accuracy of angular displacement of other positioning points is ensured.
In the technical literature that has been disclosed so far, no effective solution is specifically made to the problem. In general, the support mechanism is manually adjusted to the zero position by a tester. The test environment of the test is high in the wind tunnel, and the manual zero calibration needs to be carried out at high altitude, so that the problems of long detection time, high detection difficulty, inconvenience in frequent detection and the like exist.
In the technical literature known in the control field, there are many solutions to achieve precise control of the mechanical structure and thus calibration of the zero position. However, since the field is the field of wind tunnel test, the test object and the test environment to be tested need to accurately simulate and measure each state of the test object in the flow field. More control devices are added on the existing supporting devices to cause damage to the flow field in the wind tunnel, so that a new scheme needs to be designed, and automatic zero calibration of the supporting mechanism in the wind tunnel flow field can be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design an automatic zero calibration mechanism and a zero calibration method of a wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism, which realize the control of automatic zero calibration in a non-contact control mode on the premise of not interfering the movement of the supporting mechanism.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an automatic zero calibration mechanism of a wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism comprises a rotating rack connected to the side wall of a wind tunnel, wherein one end of the rotating rack is connected with a test model, the other end of the rotating rack is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with one end of a rotating arm; the electric cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel and a push rod arranged in the cylinder barrel, the end part of the push rod is movably connected with the other end of the rotating arm, a reflecting layer is arranged on one section of surface on the push rod, two independent photoelectric switches are arranged on the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel along the axial direction, the signal transmitting and receiving surface of each photoelectric switch is parallel to the moving direction of the push rod, and the reflecting layer of the push rod is not in contact with the signal transmitting and receiving surface of each photoelectric switch.
In the above technical scheme, the side wall of the cylinder barrel is provided with a chute penetrating through the side wall of the cylinder barrel along the axial direction, and the two photoelectric switches are arranged in the chute.
In the technical scheme, the signal transmitting and receiving surfaces of the two photoelectric switches are flush, and the distance from the signal transmitting and receiving surfaces of the photoelectric switches to the axis of the cylinder barrel is larger than the radius of the push rod.
In the above technical scheme, including setting up the position control device outside electronic jar, position control device includes first linking arm and second linking arm, first linking arm and second linking arm are connected with the connecting block through the connecting rod respectively, the connecting block is connected with telescopic machanism, first linking arm and second linking arm are connected a photoelectric switch respectively.
In the above technical scheme, the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm are respectively embedded in the sliding groove of the side wall of the cylinder barrel, and the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm slide mutually along the direction of the sliding groove.
In the technical scheme, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm in a hinge mode, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the connecting block in a hinge mode.
A wind tunnel side wall supporting movement automatic zero calibration method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing two photoelectric switches on the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm by taking the center of the chute as a symmetrical point to form a whole;
step two: finding a mechanism zero point position required by a test in a manual measurement mode;
step three: the relative distance between the photoelectric switch and the reflection band is integrally moved, the position adjusting device is integrally moved to the position, in which the center of the sliding chute is opposite to the center of the reflection band, and the position adjusting device is fixed on the wall surface of the electric cylinder;
step four: according to the determined relative distance between the photoelectric switch and the reflection band, the distance between the two switches is adjusted to a proper value along the sliding groove by the position adjusting device according to the relation between the action range of the switch and the facing distance between the smooth surface of the switch and the reflection band;
step five: when the reflection band moves to the position where two photoelectric switches generate induction signals simultaneously, the two photoelectric switches output signals to the control system, and the control system automatically takes the position as the zero position of the mechanism for subsequent motion control.
In the above technical solution, when determining the zero point position, the method includes the following steps:
defining the width of the reflection band as
The distance between the centers of the optical axes of the two photoelectric switches is
The distance from the center of the optical axis of the photoelectric switch to the edge of the photoelectric switch is
The action range of the photoelectric switch on the reflecting belt is
Satisfy the following requirements
When two areThe photoelectric switches detect simultaneously;
when in use
When the push rod moves in two directions, the detection error is 0, and the zero position error is 0;
when in use
When the maximum detection error is generated between the two-way movements of the push rod
Maximum zero error
。
In the above technical solution, the simultaneous detection of the two photoelectric switches needs to satisfy:
when in use
When the maximum difference in the detected positions between the two-way movements is
Maximum simultaneous zero error
。
In the technical scheme, when two photoelectric switches detect simultaneously, the zero detection error is smaller than that of a single switch, and the zero detection error between two-way motions is smaller than that of a single switch.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the invention, the reflecting belt is adhered to the surface of the push rod, and the photoelectric switch is away from the push rod by a certain distance without interfering the movement of the mechanism;
in the invention, the photoelectric switch is arranged on the mounting seat, the position of the mounting seat can be adjusted along the movement direction according to the detection requirement, and the optical axis of the illuminator is opposite to the reflection band and forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the movement axis, so that the reliable detection of optical signals is met;
in the invention, because the reflective photoelectric switch is adopted, the whole detection process has no switch contact and abrasion, and the precision requirement of long-time repeated detection can be ensured;
in the invention, a double-switch two-point detection mode is adopted, and the difference of zero detection between two-way motions is reduced by adjusting the distance between the switches to a proper value, so that the requirement of accurate zero detection is met.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the operation of a sidewall support mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the corresponding relationship between the action range of the photoelectric switch and the facing distance between the switch and the reflective tape;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation function of the reflection type two-point detection method;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the active positions of the bi-directional motion switches when the distance a <2Y + d between the electro-optical switches;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the action positions of the bidirectional movement switch when the distance a =2Y + d between the photoelectric switches.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
As shown in fig. 1, the whole testing mechanism includes a tested model 1, a rotary bracket 2, a rotary shaft 3, a rotary arm 4 and an electric cylinder 5, the rotary bracket 2 is fixedly connected with the rotary shaft 3, one end of the rotary arm 4 is fixedly connected with the rotary shaft 3, and the rotary arm 4 is rotated to drive the rotary shaft 3 to drive the rotary bracket 2 so that the tested model 1 can adjust the sideslip angle β.
In the embodiment, the improvement is made on the electric cylinder 5, the electric cylinder 5 comprises a cylinder barrel 5-1 and a push rod 5-2 arranged in the cylinder barrel 5-1, one end of the push rod 5-2 is movably connected with one end of a rotating arm 4 through a hinge, and the adjustment of the test model in the sideslip angle beta is realized by changing the linear stroke B of the push rod 5-2.
In this embodiment, zero calibration is performed on the entire mechanism by using a non-contact photoelectric sensing method. As shown in figure 3, a sliding groove 5-4 penetrating through the side wall is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder barrel 5-1 and is parallel to the axis on the cylinder barrel 5-1, the sliding groove 5-4 is used for fixedly mounting a position adjusting device, and the position adjusting device comprises a telescopic mechanism 6-1, a connecting block 6-2, a connecting rod 6-5 and a connecting arm 6-3. The connecting arm 6-3 is provided with a first connecting arm and a second connecting arm which are consistent in structure, the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm are connected to the connecting block 6-2 through a connecting rod 6-5 respectively, and two ends of the connecting rod 6-5 are connected with the first connecting arm, the second connecting arm and the connecting block 6-2 respectively in a hinge mode. The first connecting arm and the second connecting arm are respectively connected with an optoelectronic switch 6-4.
In this embodiment, the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm are embedded in the sliding groove 5-4 through a connecting piece, the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm can move along the axis direction of the cylinder 5-1, and the function of moving is to drive the connecting rod 6-5 to enable the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm to slide in parallel in the sliding groove through up-and-down stretching of the stretching mechanism 6-1.
The photoelectric switch is arranged on the surfaces of the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm, and the optical axis of the illuminator of the photoelectric switch is opposite to the reflecting belt 5-3 and forms an included angle of 90 degrees with the axis of the push rod 5-2. The integral position adjusting device is fixed outside the cylinder 5-1 after the position of the integral position adjusting device is determined.
In the embodiment, the signal output type and interface of the photoelectric switch should be connected with the signal input end of the control systemThe reflecting belts are fixed on the outer surface of the moving shaft in a sticking way, and the widths of the reflecting belts are uniform
Should satisfy the relation
In the formula (I), wherein,
the distance of the switch optical axis center to the switch edge in the direction of the axis of motion is typically half the length of the switch in the direction of motion. Width of reflecting band
In fact according to FIG. 2
Minimum obtained according to a relation
The value may be increased as appropriate.
The two photoelectric switches are fixed on the adjusting device mounting seat by taking the center of the sliding groove of the position adjusting device as a symmetrical point to form a whole, and the emitting surface of the switch is ensured to be parallel to the direction of the sliding groove. When the mechanism moves for the first time, the zero position of the mechanism required by the test is found in a manual measurement mode. The sliding groove is placed in parallel to the movement direction of the push rod, the switch is integrally moved to a proper distance from the reflecting belt according to the field condition, the position adjusting device is moved to a position where the center of the sliding groove is just opposite to the center of the reflecting belt, and the position adjusting device is fixed on the wall surface of the electric cylinder. According to the determined actual distance, refer to the switch action range in FIG. 2YOpposite distance between the smooth surface and the reflection band of the switchXIn relation to (2)Y=f(X) The distance between the two switches is adjusted along the sliding groove by the position adjusting deviceaWhen the relational expression is satisfied
In time, simultaneous detection of the two switches can be achieved, as shown in fig. 4.
According to FIG. 4, it can be inferred that
At the moment, two switches which move in two directions to the same position just act at the same time, as shown in fig. 5, the detection error between the two-way movements is 0, and the zero error is 0 at the same time; when in useaAt the minimum, the temperature of the mixture is controlled,
when the difference in the detected position between the two-way movements is the largest, it is
While the zero error is the largest
。
When a single switch is used, the difference between the two motions is detected as
However, when a single switch is adopted, the width of the reflection band is not required,d>0and (4) finishing. In order to reduce the error of the optical disk,dthe smaller the better, so theoretically may bed→ 0, the minimum detection difference between the two-way motions at the time of single switch is close to2YZero detection error close toY。
Therefore, when using dual switches, in order to ensure that the dual switches can be simultaneously detected, the zero detection error is less than that of a single switch, and the zero detection error between the two-way movements is less than that of a single switch, the minimum distance between the switches should be setaReduce 2 at most on the basis of the above formulaYNamely, the following equation is satisfied.
According to the above formula, whena=dIn two directionsThe maximum difference between the detected positions is 2YWhile the zero error is the largestY. The detection error between the two-way motion of the double switch is smaller than that between the two-way motion of the single switch, and the zero detection error of the double switch is smaller than that of the single switch.
When actually adjustedaPreferably slightly smaller thand+2YSo as to simultaneously satisfy the reliable action of the switch and reduce the detection error value as much as possible.
When the reflection band moves to the position where two photoelectric switches simultaneously generate induction signals, the two switches all output signals to a control system, and the control system automatically takes the position as the zero position of the mechanism for subsequent motion control.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wind-tunnel lateral wall supports motion's automatic zero calibration mechanism, is including connecting the rotating frame on the wind-tunnel lateral wall, experimental model is connected to rotating frame one end, and rotating frame other end fixed connection is to the rotation axis, the rotation axis includes with the one end fixed connection of swinging boom its characterized in that:
the electric cylinder comprises a cylinder barrel and a push rod arranged in the cylinder barrel, the end part of the push rod is movably connected with the other end of the rotating arm, a reflecting layer is arranged on one section of surface on the push rod, two independent photoelectric switches are arranged on the inner wall surface of the cylinder barrel along the axial direction, the signal transmitting and receiving surface of each photoelectric switch is parallel to the movement direction of the push rod, and the reflecting layer of the push rod is not in contact with the signal transmitting and receiving surface of each photoelectric switch.
2. The automatic zero calibration mechanism of the wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lateral wall of cylinder is provided with a spout that runs through the cylinder lateral wall along the axial, photoelectric switch sets up in the spout.
3. The automatic zero calibration mechanism of the wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the signal transmitting and receiving surfaces of the two photoelectric switches are flush, and the distance from the signal transmitting and receiving surfaces of the photoelectric switches to the axis of the cylinder barrel is larger than the radius of the push rod.
4. The automatic zero calibration mechanism of the wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: including setting up the position control device outside electronic jar, position control device includes first linking arm and second linking arm, first linking arm and second linking arm are connected with the connecting block through the connecting rod respectively, the connecting block is connected with telescopic machanism, a photoelectric switch is connected respectively to first linking arm and second linking arm.
5. The automatic zero calibration mechanism of the wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm are embedded into the sliding groove in the side wall of the cylinder barrel respectively, and the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm slide mutually along the direction of the sliding groove.
6. The automatic zero calibration mechanism of the wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: one end of the connecting rod is connected with the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm in a hinge mode, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the connecting block in a hinge mode.
7. An automatic zero calibration method for a wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: fixing two photoelectric switches on the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm by taking the center of the chute as a symmetrical point to form a whole;
step two: finding a mechanism zero point position required by a test in a manual measurement mode;
step three: the relative distance between the photoelectric switch and the reflection band is integrally moved, the position adjusting device is integrally moved to the position, in which the center of the sliding chute is opposite to the center of the reflection band, and the position adjusting device is fixed on the wall surface of the electric cylinder;
step four: according to the determined relative distance between the photoelectric switch and the reflection band, the distance between the two switches is adjusted to a proper value along the sliding groove by the position adjusting device according to the relation between the action range of the switch and the facing distance between the smooth surface of the switch and the reflection band;
step five: when the reflection band moves to the position where two photoelectric switches generate induction signals simultaneously, the two photoelectric switches output signals to the control system, and the control system automatically takes the position as the zero position of the mechanism for subsequent motion control.
8. The automatic zero calibration method for the wind tunnel sidewall supporting movement mechanism according to claim 7, wherein the zero point position determination comprises the following steps:
defining the width of the reflection band as
The distance between the centers of the optical axes of the two photoelectric switches isaThe distance from the center of the optical axis of the photoelectric switch to the edge of the photoelectric switch is
The action range of the photoelectric switch on the reflecting belt is
Satisfy the following requirements
Meanwhile, two photoelectric switches detect simultaneously;
when in use
When the push rod moves in two directions, the detection error is 0, and the zero position error is 0;
when in use
When the maximum detection error is generated between the two-way movements of the push rod
Maximum zero error
。
9. The automatic zero calibration method for the wind tunnel sidewall supporting movement mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: the simultaneous detection of the two photoelectric switches needs to satisfy:
when in use
When the maximum difference in the detected positions between the two-way movements is
Maximum simultaneous zero error
。
10. The automatic zero calibration method for the wind tunnel side wall supporting movement mechanism according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: when two photoelectric switches are simultaneously detected, the zero detection error is smaller than that of a single switch, and the zero detection error between two-way motions is smaller than that of a single switch.
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