CN113090343B - Method for shortening cold-state starting time of steam turbine - Google Patents
Method for shortening cold-state starting time of steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113090343B CN113090343B CN202110448841.9A CN202110448841A CN113090343B CN 113090343 B CN113090343 B CN 113090343B CN 202110448841 A CN202110448841 A CN 202110448841A CN 113090343 B CN113090343 B CN 113090343B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/10—Heating, e.g. warming-up before starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, and provides a method for shortening cold-state starting time of a steam turbine, which comprises the following steps: step one, before water is fed into a boiler and ignition is carried out, controlling the pressure P of a regulating stage and increasing the steam flow of a warm cylinder to finish pre-warming of the high-pressure cylinder; step two, before the boiler is ignited and the steam turbine is rushed to rotate, the temperature of the main steam pipeline and the reheat steam pipeline is raised as soon as possible, and pre-warming of the high-pressure valve regulating chamber is completed; changing the condition of positive heating input after the steam turbine is rushed to 200r/min, inputting positive heating at any time after the friction check node is finished, and continuously increasing the speed of the steam turbine; fourthly, raising the speed of the steam turbine to 1300r/min, optimizing medium-speed warming-up logic, and accelerating medium-speed warming-up time; and step five, when the temperature of the medium-speed warm-up reaches 300 ℃, cutting off the medium-speed warm-up within 10min, and continuously increasing the speed of the steam turbine to full speed. The invention can effectively shorten the starting time of the steam turbine, reduce the consumption of service electricity, fire coal, fuel oil, demineralized water and the like consumed in the starting process when the steam turbine is started, and effectively realize energy conservation and emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a method for shortening cold-state starting time of a steam turbine.
Background
The steam turbine is a rotating machine which takes steam as power and converts the heat energy of the steam into mechanical work, and is the most widely applied prime mover in modern thermal power plants. The steam turbine has the advantages of large single machine power, high efficiency, long service life and the like.
However, the consumption of auxiliary electricity, fire coal, fuel oil, demineralized water and the like consumed in the starting process is considerable when the steam turbine is started every time, and the consumption is larger when the steam turbine is started for a longer time, so that the starting time of the steam turbine is effectively shortened under the large background that energy conservation and emission reduction are advocated by the thermal power generating unit at present, and the method has a practical energy-saving significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for shortening the cold start time of a steam turbine, which can synchronously start a main line of the steam turbine before the steam turbine is turned, effectively shorten the start time of the steam turbine, reduce the consumption of station service electricity, fire coal, fuel oil, demineralized water and the like consumed in the start process when the steam turbine is started, and effectively realize energy conservation and emission reduction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for shortening cold start time of a steam turbine comprises the following steps:
step one, starting a high-pressure cylinder pre-warming node when water is supplied to a boiler to a pre-ignition stage, controlling the pressure P of a regulating stage, increasing the steam flow of a warming cylinder, shortening the cylinder warming time and completing the high-pressure cylinder pre-warming;
step two, starting a pre-warming node of a high-pressure valve chamber when the boiler is ignited to a stage before the turbine rushes to rotate, and raising the temperature of the main steam pipeline and the reheating steam pipeline to a pre-warming value of the high-pressure valve chamber as soon as possible within a limit value of a boiler temperature rise rate to finish pre-warming of the high-pressure valve chamber;
after the steam turbine is rushed to 200r/min, starting a friction check node and a normal warm input node, changing the condition of normal warm input in the DEH logic, inputting normal warm at any time after the friction check node is finished, and continuously accelerating the steam turbine;
step four, starting a medium-speed warming-up node when the speed of the steam turbine rises to 1300r/min, optimizing medium-speed warming-up logic, improving a positive warming flow instruction value, increasing the steam inlet quantity of a high-pressure cylinder, and accelerating medium-speed warming-up time on the premise of meeting the metal temperature rise rate of the cylinder;
and step five, starting a positive-heating cutting node when the temperature of the medium-speed warm-up reaches 300 ℃, cutting off positive heating within 10min, and continuously increasing the speed of the steam turbine to full speed.
Further, in the first step, the pressure P of the regulating stage is controlled to be 0.45MPa.
Furthermore, in the second step, after the condenser is vacuumized and before the boiler is ignited, the #2 high steam adding side is put in, after the pressure of main steam for boiler ignition is raised, the main steam enters the reheat steam pipeline through the high side, the reheat steam pipeline is poured into the #2 high steam adding side to raise the feed water temperature, and the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature are raised within the limit value of the boiler temperature rise rate.
Further, in the second step, the pre-warming value of the high-pressure regulating valve chamber is 271 ℃.
Further, in the second step, the limit value of the temperature rise rate of the boiler is 111 ℃/h.
Further, in the third step, the condition of changing the positive warming investment in the DEH logic is changed from the rotating speed of the steam turbine being less than 100r/min to being less than 200r/min.
Further, in the fourth step, medium-speed warm-up logic is optimized:
the original set heating flow instruction value on the PID logic diagram is 13%, the opening degrees corresponding to the A-D high-pressure regulating valves are 11.2%, 12.75%, 11.75% and 20.1%, the time length of 3 times of cold-state starting and medium-speed warming-up is 5.5h, the temperature of the inner cylinder of the high-pressure cylinder rises from 192 ℃ to 298 ℃, and the temperature rising rate is about 20 ℃/h;
the normal heating flow instruction value of the steam turbine is optimized, the original set value on a PID logic diagram is changed from 13% to 14%, the corresponding opening degrees of the A-D high-pressure regulating valves are respectively changed into 12.3%, 13.86% and 21.3%, the duration of cold-state starting and medium-speed warming-up of the steam turbine for 3 times is shortened to 4.2h under the same impulse parameters, the temperature of the inner cylinder of the high-pressure cylinder is increased from 183 ℃ to 300 ℃, and the temperature increase rate is about 28 ℃/h.
Further, in the fourth step, the temperature rise rate of the metal in the cylinder is not more than 50 ℃/h.
Compared with the prior art, the method for shortening the cold-state starting time of the steam turbine completes the pre-warming work of the high-pressure valve chamber as soon as possible by arranging the warm cylinder work of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine in advance, does not influence the subsequent starting main line operation, can save coal and water, can also accelerate the whole starting process, meets the turbine run-out parameters in advance, synchronizes the starting main line with the preparation work before the turbine run-out, effectively shortens the starting time of the steam turbine, reduces the consumption of station service electricity, coal, fuel oil, demineralized water and the like in the starting process when the steam turbine is started, and effectively realizes energy conservation and emission reduction.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart diagram of one embodiment of the method for reducing the cold start-up time of a steam turbine according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for shortening cold start time of a steam turbine, the method is particularly suitable for shortening cold start time of a 660MW supercritical unit steam turbine, as shown in fig. 1, the method for shortening cold start time of a steam turbine comprises the following steps:
step one, starting a high-pressure cylinder pre-warming node when water is supplied to a boiler to a pre-ignition stage, controlling the pressure P of a regulating stage, increasing the steam flow of a warming cylinder, shortening the cylinder warming time and completing the high-pressure cylinder pre-warming;
step two, starting a pre-warming node of a high-pressure regulating valve chamber when the boiler is ignited to the stage before the turbine rushes to rotate, and raising the temperature of the main and reheating steam pipelines to the pre-warming value of the high-pressure regulating valve chamber as soon as possible within the limit value of the temperature rise rate of the boiler to finish the pre-warming of the high-pressure regulating valve chamber;
after the steam turbine is rushed to 200r/min, starting a friction check node and a positive heating input node, changing the condition of positive heating input in the DEH logic, inputting positive heating at any time after the friction check node is finished, and continuously accelerating the steam turbine;
step four, starting a medium-speed warming-up node when the speed of the steam turbine rises to 1300r/min, optimizing medium-speed warming-up logic, improving a positive warming flow instruction value, increasing the steam inlet quantity of a high-pressure cylinder, and accelerating medium-speed warming-up time on the premise of meeting the metal temperature rise rate of the cylinder;
and step five, starting a positive-heating cutting node when the temperature of the medium-speed warm-up reaches 300 ℃, cutting off positive heating within 10min, and continuously increasing the speed of the steam turbine to full speed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high-pressure cylinder is pre-warmed by shortening the time for warming the cylinder, the high-pressure valve chamber is pre-warmed by quickly increasing the temperature of the main and reheating steam pipelines, the subsequent operation of the main starting line is not influenced, and not only can the coal and water be saved, but also the whole starting process can be accelerated. The steam turbine running parameter is met in advance, the preparation work before the steam turbine running is started synchronously, the time of normal warm input and medium-speed warming is effectively shortened, the effective starting time of the steam turbine is long, the consumption of station service electricity, fire coal, fuel oil, demineralized water and the like in the starting process when the steam turbine is started is reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are effectively realized.
In order to accelerate the cylinder warming process of the high-pressure cylinder on the premise of meeting the regulation, the steam pressure of the warming cylinder can be properly increased, and the regulation-level pressure is taken as a reference value. The through-flow protocol of the Alston turbine stipulates that the steam pressure of a warm cylinder of a high-pressure cylinder cannot exceed 0.45MPa, the actual regulating stage pressure is controlled to be about 0.45MPa as much as possible, and the steam flow of the warm cylinder is increased to shorten the time for warming the cylinder. Under the preferable conditions of the invention, in the first step, the pressure P of the regulating stage is controlled to be 0.45MPa, and the pre-warming time of the high-pressure cylinder is predicted to be shortened by 0.5h after the step is carried out.
In order to be more convenient for raising the temperature of the main and reheat steam pipelines to a pre-warming value of the high pressure regulating valve chamber as soon as possible within the limit value of the temperature rise rate of the boiler, and to finish the pre-warming of the high pressure regulating valve chamber, in the second step, after the condenser is vacuumized and before the boiler is ignited, a #2 high steam adding side is put in the high side steam adding device, after the pressure of the main steam is ignited by the boiler, the main steam enters the reheat steam pipeline through the high side, the reheat steam pipeline is poured into the #2 high steam adding side to raise the temperature of the feed water, and the temperature of the main and reheat steam is raised within the limit value of the temperature rise rate of the boiler. And because the low limit of the temperature of the main and reheat steam required by the pre-warming of the high-pressure regulating valve chamber is 271 ℃, under the preferable condition of the invention, the pre-warming value of the high-pressure regulating valve chamber is 271 ℃ and the limit value of the temperature rise rate of the boiler is 111 ℃/h in the second step. The pre-warming time of the high-pressure regulating valve chamber is expected to be shortened by 0.5h after the implementation of the step.
And performing friction inspection after the steam turbine is flushed to 200r/min, closing a medium-pressure main steam valve and a regulating valve by operating a DEH (dead head) closing valve, and performing listening inspection on site after the rotating speed of the steam turbine is reduced. The prior logic setting is that the rotating speed of the steam turbine is reduced to be below 100r/min after the friction check is finished, and the steam turbine can be put into normal heating, but the friction check does not need to be carried out for such a long time in the actual operation, and in addition, the steam turbine set is easy to roll in a low rotating speed interval, so that the high-pressure cylinder can be put into normal heating as soon as possible after the friction check is finished, and the steam turbine is necessary to be continuously accelerated. In a preferable condition of the invention, in the third step, the turbine rotating speed < 100r/min in the positive warm input condition is changed into the turbine rotating speed < 200r/min in the DEH logic, so that the positive warm input can be carried out after the friction check is finished, the turbine deceleration and the time length of the acceleration conversion from negative to positive are reduced, the turbine can be accelerated as soon as possible, and the expected saving time is 0.3h.
Wherein, the main steam pressure matched with the positive heating flow instruction value in the process of raising the speed of the steam turbine to 1300r/min is 8.73MPa, and the main steam pressure of the current actual steam turbine in the process of rushing to rotate is generally about 3 MPa. Therefore, in the process of rising to 1300r/min after positive heating input, medium-speed warm-up logic is optimized, the positive heating flow instruction value in DEH logic is improved, the steam inlet quantity of a high-pressure cylinder is increased, and medium-speed warm-up time is accelerated on the premise of meeting the metal temperature rise rate of the cylinder (wherein the metal temperature rise rate of the cylinder is not more than 50 ℃/h), and the optimization is the most critical in the whole starting process of the steam turbine. In a preferred case of the present invention, in the fourth step, the medium-speed warm-up logic is optimized:
the original set positive heating flow instruction value on the PID logic diagram is 13%, the corresponding opening degrees of the A-D high-pressure regulating valves are 11.2%, 12.75%, 11.75% and 20.1%, the duration of 3 times of cold-state starting and medium-speed warming-up is 5.5h, the temperature of the high-pressure cylinder inner cylinder is increased from 192 ℃ to 298 ℃, and the temperature increase rate is about 20 ℃/h;
the normal heating flow instruction value of the steam turbine is optimized, the original set value on a PID logic diagram is changed from 13% to 14%, the corresponding opening degrees of the A-D high-pressure regulating valves are respectively changed into 12.3%, 13.86% and 21.3%, the duration of cold-state starting and medium-speed warming-up of the steam turbine for 3 times is shortened to 4.2h under the same impulse parameters, the temperature of the inner cylinder of the high-pressure cylinder is increased from 183 ℃ to 300 ℃, and the temperature increase rate is about 28 ℃/h. Considering that the temperature of the inner cylinder wall of the high-pressure cylinder before the medium-speed warm-up is 183 ℃ which is lower than the temperature of the cylinder before optimization by about 10 ℃, and the cylinder temperature increasing time of 10 ℃ at the initial stage of the warm-up is generally about 0.5h, the time saved by the actual medium-speed warm-up is as follows: 5.5-4.2+0.5=1.8h.
Since the warm-forward ablation has essentially no optimization space after DEH modification, the expected time savings is 0.2h.
According to the technical scheme, after the 5 main steps are optimized, the preparation work before the steam turbine is rushed to start the main line of the turbine synchronously, the time for warming the cylinder and warming the valve of the steam turbine can be shortened by about 1h, the time for rushing to start the steam turbine can be shortened by about 2h, the starting time of the steam turbine is effectively shortened, the consumption of service electricity, fire coal, fuel oil, demineralized water and the like consumed in the starting process when the steam turbine is started is greatly reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are effectively realized.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A method for shortening cold start time of a steam turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, starting a high-pressure cylinder pre-warming node when water is fed into a boiler to a pre-ignition stage, controlling the pressure P of a regulating stage, increasing the steam flow of a warming cylinder, shortening the cylinder warming time and completing the high-pressure cylinder pre-warming;
step two, starting a pre-warming node of a high-pressure regulating valve chamber when the boiler is ignited to the stage before the turbine rushes to rotate, and raising the temperature of the main and reheating steam pipelines to the pre-warming value of the high-pressure regulating valve chamber as soon as possible within the limit value of the temperature rise rate of the boiler to finish the pre-warming of the high-pressure regulating valve chamber;
after the steam turbine is rushed to 200r/min, starting a friction check node and a positive heating input node, changing the condition of positive heating input in the DEH logic, inputting positive heating at any time after the friction check node is finished, and continuously accelerating the steam turbine;
step four, starting a medium-speed warming-up node when the speed of the steam turbine rises to 1300r/min, optimizing medium-speed warming-up logic, improving a positive warming flow instruction value, increasing the steam inlet quantity of a high-pressure cylinder, and accelerating medium-speed warming-up time on the premise of meeting the metal temperature rise rate of the cylinder;
step five, starting a positive-heating cutting node when the temperature of the medium-speed warm-up reaches 300 ℃, cutting off positive heating within 10min, and continuously increasing the speed of the steam turbine to full speed;
in the first step, the pressure P of the adjusting stage is controlled to be 0.45MPa;
in the second step, a #2 high steam-adding side is put in before the boiler is ignited after the condenser is vacuumized, when the pressure of main steam for boiler ignition is raised, the main steam enters a reheat steam pipeline through a high bypass, the steam is poured into the #2 high steam-adding side through the reheat steam pipeline to raise the feed water temperature, and the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature are raised within the limit value of the boiler temperature rise rate;
in the second step, the pre-warming value of the high-pressure valve chamber is 271 ℃;
in the second step, the limit value of the temperature rise rate of the boiler is 111 ℃/h;
and in the third step, changing the condition of positive heating investment in the DEH logic from the rotating speed of the steam turbine being less than 100r/min to being less than 200r/min.
2. The method for reducing the cold start-up time of a steam turbine of claim 1 wherein in step four, the warm-up logic optimizes at a moderate rate:
the original set positive heating flow instruction value on the PID logic diagram is 13%, the corresponding opening degrees of the A-D high-pressure regulating valves are 11.2%, 12.75%, 11.75% and 20.1%, the duration of 3 times of cold-state starting and medium-speed warming-up is 5.5h, the temperature of the high-pressure cylinder inner cylinder is increased from 192 ℃ to 298 ℃, and the temperature increase rate is about 20 ℃/h;
the steam turbine positive heating flow instruction value is optimized, the original set value on the PID logic diagram is changed from 13% to 14%, the corresponding opening degrees of the A-D high-pressure regulating valves are respectively changed into 12.3%, 13.86% and 21.3%, the cold-state starting and medium-speed warming time of the steam turbine for 3 times is shortened to 4.2h under the same impulse parameters, the temperature of the high-pressure cylinder inner cylinder is increased from 183 ℃ to 300 ℃, and the temperature increase rate is about 28 ℃/h.
3. The method for reducing the cold start-up time of a steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the metal temperature rise rate of the cylinder is not greater than 50 ℃/h.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB918779A (en) * | 1958-08-22 | 1963-02-20 | Gen Electric | Improvements in governing system for reheat steam turbine powerplant |
| CN102943696A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-02-27 | 辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Beizhong 350MW supercritical high-intermediate-pressure combined cylinder steam turbine set cylinder warming process |
| CN207145026U (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2018-03-27 | 上海电气电站设备有限公司 | Combined Cycle Unit steam turbine quickly starts warming-up system |
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- 2021-04-25 CN CN202110448841.9A patent/CN113090343B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB918779A (en) * | 1958-08-22 | 1963-02-20 | Gen Electric | Improvements in governing system for reheat steam turbine powerplant |
| CN102943696A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-02-27 | 辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Beizhong 350MW supercritical high-intermediate-pressure combined cylinder steam turbine set cylinder warming process |
| CN207145026U (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2018-03-27 | 上海电气电站设备有限公司 | Combined Cycle Unit steam turbine quickly starts warming-up system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 600MW超临界汽轮机冷态启动暖机方式优化;张强等;《山东工业技术》;20170731;正文第1-3部分 * |
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