CN113087065A - Method for improving lead ion removal capability of adsorbent by using carbon dioxide - Google Patents
Method for improving lead ion removal capability of adsorbent by using carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN113087065A CN113087065A CN202110491934.XA CN202110491934A CN113087065A CN 113087065 A CN113087065 A CN 113087065A CN 202110491934 A CN202110491934 A CN 202110491934A CN 113087065 A CN113087065 A CN 113087065A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5263—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using natural chemical compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of an adsorbent by utilizing carbon dioxide, which comprises the steps of placing the adsorbent in an adsorption reactor or a stirring reactor, introducing carbon dioxide gas into a reaction system, and converting a precipitate into basic lead carbonate for removal; wherein the adsorbent has the capacity of generating precipitate by ion exchange and adjusting the pH value of the water body. According to the invention, carbon dioxide is used for promoting adsorption, the treatment time is shortened, and the particle diameter is increased, so that the separation is facilitated, the treatment effect is improved, and the application range is expanded; meanwhile, the introduction of carbon dioxide is beneficial to the promotion of the adsorption rate, so that the process of generating and forming larger particles by precipitation is quicker.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical adsorption, in particular to a method for improving the lead ion removal capability of an adsorbent by using carbon dioxide.
Background
With the development of social economy and the increase of industrial scale, the current situation of heavy metal pollution of water bodies in China is very severe. Heavy metal ions have high toxicity and biological enrichment and great harm to production life, and are one of the key points of water pollution treatment. The lead ion has the advantages of large discharge amount of lead ions, wide harm range, strong toxic action, strong chronic neurotoxicity, strong hepatotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, and difficult degradation and bioaccumulation. The lead yield per year in China exceeds 422 ten thousand tons, 3269 tons enter a water body in the form of lead ions, 96 tons are still discharged into a natural water body after treatment, and the self-cleaning capacity of the natural water body can be inhibited when the lead concentration in the water body is higher than 0.1mg/L, so that the industrial wastewater discharge standard is further strict from the original 1mg/L to 0.5mg/L, and the standard of drinking water is more strict and reaches 0.01 mg/L. The causes of lead pollution include natural diffusion and permeation of lead-containing ores, waste water generated in the lead storage battery industry, the secondary lead industry and the electroplating industry, the waste water has complex components and more interferents and is generally acidic, the concentration of lead ions can reach more than 100mg/L, and the degree of harm to ecology is extremely high.
At present, the method for removing lead ions from water bodies comprises a chemical precipitation method, an oxidation-reduction method, a cation exchange method, an adsorption method, a membrane separation method, a biological treatment method and the like. The adsorption method is simple to operate, relatively low in cost, good in treatment effect, easy to couple with other methods, and suitable for lead ion treatment. Generally, ion exchange, surface complexation and precipitation generation are the main mechanisms for adsorption of lead ions by the adsorbent. However, most of the adsorbents are difficult to completely remove lead ions due to the solubility of lead hydroxide and the abundance of functional groups on the surface of the adsorbent, and the adsorbent with good adsorption performance has the defects of high price, complex preparation process, low adsorption capacity and the like. Therefore, a certain auxiliary means is adopted to improve the adsorption effect of the adsorbent, for example, carbon dioxide is utilized for precipitation conversion, a precipitated product is converted into basic lead carbonate which is more insoluble and easier to remove, the preparation and use cost of the adsorbent can be greatly saved, the adsorption effect is optimized, the adsorption process is accelerated, and the effluent concentration is reduced.
Therefore, how to provide a method for improving the lead ion removal capability of the adsorbent by using carbon dioxide is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for improving lead ion removal ability of an adsorbent by precipitation conversion by introducing carbon dioxide during adsorption when using the adsorbent having ion exchange and pH adjustment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the lead ion removal capability of an adsorbent by using carbon dioxide comprises the steps of placing the adsorbent in an adsorption reactor or a stirring reactor, introducing carbon dioxide gas into a reaction system, and converting precipitates into basic lead carbonate for removal;
wherein the adsorbent has the capacity of generating precipitate by ion exchange and adjusting the pH value of the water body.
The adsorbent can form a precipitate to remove lead ions in the water body by providing an alkaline environment, the formation of the precipitate can be accelerated by introducing carbon dioxide, the concentration of the lead ions in the effluent can be reduced, and the treatment effect of the lead-containing wastewater can be effectively improved by combining the carbon dioxide and the lead ions.
Preferably, in the above method for improving the lead ion removal capability of the adsorbent by using carbon dioxide, the adsorbent is modified carbon.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the adsorbent is used for increasing the pH value of a water body and removing lead ions through a precipitation effect. When the modified carbon is selected, the modified carbon is a porous carbon material (such as biochar and activated carbon) loaded with magnesium oxide/magnesium hydroxide, or a porous carbon material with an alkaline surface after treatment, removal of lead ions can be promoted through a precipitation promoting effect, and under the coupling action of carbon dioxide gas, the precipitate is converted from lead hydroxide with high solubility into basic lead carbonate with low solubility, so that high removal rate is achieved.
Preferably, in the method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide gas is any gas which has a carbon dioxide content of 5% and does not contain acid gas.
Preferably, in the method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using carbon dioxide, the adsorption reactor is a fixed bed reactor or a fluidized bed reactor, and it should be noted that the adsorption reactor of the present invention can be any reactor which can meet the requirement of sufficient contact between gas and liquid.
Preferably, in the method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide gas and the lead-containing wastewater are mixed in a gas-liquid mixing device, then the mixture is introduced into an adsorption reactor or a stirring reactor filled with the adsorbent to adsorb heavy metals, and water is filtered out.
Preferably, in the method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using carbon dioxide, the lead-containing wastewater is introduced into an adsorption reactor or a stirring reactor filled with the adsorbent to adsorb heavy metals, filtered water enters a gas-liquid mixing device, then carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the gas-liquid mixing device to perform precipitation conversion, and water is discharged after solid-liquid separation through the adsorption reactor or a membrane separation reactor.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the position where the precipitate is generated is separated from the adsorbent, and the blockage is not easy to occur.
Preferably, in the method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using carbon dioxide, the lead-containing wastewater is introduced into a stirring reactor filled with the adsorbent, then carbon dioxide gas is pumped in for stirring and adsorption, and water is filtered out.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: although the method increases the difficulty of pumping gas to a certain degree, the effect of introducing the gas is more excellent.
Preferably, in the above method for improving the lead ion removal capability of the adsorbent by using carbon dioxide, the gas-liquid mixing device is a leaching tower or a gas absorption tower.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses the method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using the carbon dioxide, and when the adsorbent can remove lead ions in a water body through ion exchange and precipitation, the carbon dioxide is introduced into an adsorption system to convert the precipitate into basic lead carbonate, so that the adsorption reaction is accelerated, the precipitate with larger particles is formed, and the lead ions are more thoroughly removed.
According to the invention, carbon dioxide is used for promoting adsorption, the treatment time is shortened, and the particle diameter is increased, so that the separation is facilitated, the treatment effect is improved, and the application range is expanded; meanwhile, the introduction of carbon dioxide is beneficial to the promotion of the adsorption rate, so that the process of generating and forming larger particles by precipitation is quicker.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first flow chart provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second flow chart provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart III provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fourth flowchart provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the influence of different carbon dioxide supply conditions on the adsorption amount of lead ions in 24 h;
figure 6 is a graph showing the effect of carbon dioxide supply conditions and adsorbent carbon material type on lead ion removal rate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a lead-containing wastewater treatment scheme for promoting the adsorbent to remove lead ions in water by introducing carbon dioxide, which can effectively reduce the using amount of the adsorbent, improve the treatment effect of lead ion wastewater and reduce the preparation difficulty of the adsorbent.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, firstly, the lead-containing waste liquid is pumped into a leaching tower of a gas-liquid mixing device by a water pump, then carbon dioxide gas is pumped into the lead-containing waste liquid to be treated by a gas pump, and the lead-containing waste liquid enters a fixed bed/fluidized bed adsorption reactor for adsorption and then water is filtered out.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the lead-containing waste liquid is treated by entering a fixed bed/fluidized bed adsorption reactor, then enters a gas-liquid mixing device such as a leaching tower or a gas absorption tower, carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the gas-liquid mixing device for reaction through a gas pump, and finally water is filtered after solid-liquid separation is carried out through adsorption of the adsorption reactor or a membrane separation reactor.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 3, firstly, the lead-containing wastewater is treated by the intermittent flow stirring reactor added with the adsorbent, and then enters a gas-liquid mixing device such as a leaching tower or a gas absorption tower, and simultaneously, carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the gas-liquid mixing device by a gas pump for reaction, and water is filtered out.
Example 4
Referring to FIG. 4, while treating the lead-containing wastewater using a batch flow stirred reactor to which an adsorbent is added, a carbon dioxide-containing gas is pumped and, after sufficient reaction, the water is filtered.
The invention is based on the embodiment 4 to select the type of carbon dioxide and to study the influence of the concentration of carbon dioxide in the introduced gas on the lead ion removal efficiency.
Referring to fig. 5, the same adsorbent, namely magnesium oxide modified charcoal, is adopted, and under the conditions of isolating carbon dioxide from normal contact with carbon dioxide and introducing excessive carbon dioxide (wherein the isolated carbon dioxide is completely isolated from the contact with the carbon dioxide; the normal contact is air introduction; the excessive introduction is gas with carbon dioxide concentration obviously higher than the carbon dioxide content in the air, the carbon dioxide concentration adopted in the experiment is 5%), the comparison of the adsorption amount of lead ions shows that the adsorption process must be normally contacted with the carbon dioxide in the air to achieve the expected treatment effect.
Referring to fig. 6, the influence of the carbon dioxide with different concentrations on the adsorption rate proves that when the carbon dioxide introduction concentration is increased from 0.3% (average concentration in air) to 5%, the lead ion removal rate is remarkably increased, and the equilibrium time is shortened to be within 60 min. And the corresponding adsorbent is not used, and only the common porous carbon is used for adsorption, so that the carbon dioxide is introduced without a good adsorption effect.
It should be noted that the differences in the processes of examples 1-4 mainly affect the zone where the precipitate is generated, do not affect the removal rate, and the adsorption capacity of the fluidized bed reactor is slightly lower than that of the stirred reactor.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the scheme disclosed by the embodiment, the scheme corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A method for improving the lead ion removal capability of an adsorbent by using carbon dioxide is characterized in that the adsorbent is placed in an adsorption reactor or a stirring reactor, then carbon dioxide gas is introduced into a reaction system, and precipitates are converted into basic lead carbonate to be removed;
wherein the adsorbent has the capacity of generating precipitate by ion exchange and adjusting the pH value of the water body.
2. The method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using the carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adsorbent is modified carbon.
3. The method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using the carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide gas is any gas which has a carbon dioxide content of 5% and does not contain acid gas.
4. The method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using the carbon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adsorption reactor is a fixed bed reactor or a fluidized bed reactor.
5. The method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using the carbon dioxide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the carbon dioxide gas and the lead-containing wastewater are mixed in a gas-liquid mixing device, and then are introduced into an adsorption reactor or a stirring reactor filled with the adsorbent to adsorb heavy metals, and the filtered water is obtained.
6. The method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using the carbon dioxide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the lead-containing wastewater is introduced into an adsorption reactor or a stirring reactor filled with the adsorbent to adsorb heavy metals, filtered water is introduced into a gas-liquid mixing device, then carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the gas-liquid mixing device to perform precipitation conversion, and then water is discharged after solid-liquid separation is performed by an adsorption reactor or a membrane separation reactor.
7. The method for improving the lead ion removal capacity of the adsorbent by using the carbon dioxide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the lead-containing wastewater is introduced into a stirring reactor filled with the adsorbent, then carbon dioxide gas is pumped in for stirring adsorption, and water is filtered.
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2021
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