CN108996752B - Method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel extraction waste water - Google Patents

Method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel extraction waste water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108996752B
CN108996752B CN201810909796.0A CN201810909796A CN108996752B CN 108996752 B CN108996752 B CN 108996752B CN 201810909796 A CN201810909796 A CN 201810909796A CN 108996752 B CN108996752 B CN 108996752B
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nickel
waste water
concentration
ozone
reaction
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CN108996752A (en
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蒋光勤
徐升洋
杨康
胡克伟
姚理为
何建
徐月冰
官勇潮
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Hunan Aisennike Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Zhejiang Shengyang Renewable Resources Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Aisennike Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Jinhua Shengyang Resources Reuse Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007Processes including a sedimentation step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel extraction waste water, which comprises the steps of introducing ozone into the waste water for reaction, adding alkali substances during the reaction process to maintain the pH value of the waste water between 10 and 11, and obtaining nickel oxyhydroxide with the purity of more than 98 percent after the reaction is finished. The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the obtained nickel oxyhydroxide has high purity and can directly enter an original recovery system for recycling; (2) the treatment process is simple, and only ozone needs to be introduced; (3) the ozone can synchronously oxidize COD in the wastewater, thereby reducing the load of subsequent advanced treatment; (4) the process has low energy consumption, low cost and no secondary pollution.

Description

Method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel extraction waste water
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of organic wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a treatment method for further recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel-containing raffinate wastewater.
Background
Nickel is a silver white metal, has good mechanical strength, ductility and high chemical stability, is widely applied to the production of stainless steel and various alloys, and becomes an indispensable metal for developing the modern aerospace industry, the military industry, the medical instrument industry and the modern civilization of developing human beings.
China belongs to one of countries with abundant nickel resources in the world, accounts for about 9 percent of the total reserves and is the fourth in the world. Along with the rapid development of the world economy, the demand of related industries on nickel is also sharply increased, and the nickel ore resources available for mining in the world are gradually reduced at present, so that the recovery of nickel resources from waste materials is more and more important.
At present, the process adopted for recovering nickel from nickel-containing waste residue is 'leaching-extracting-back extracting-nickel depositing (or electrolyzing)', and raffinate waste water generated in the process cannot be recycled due to salinity accumulation, so that the nickel needs to be treated. The wastewater typically contains small amounts of unextracted nickel ions and other raw material-entrained contaminant heavy metal ions. In order to remove the heavy metals, the aim can be achieved by generally adopting a method of adding lime or iron salt. But at the same time, nickel in the wastewater is also precipitated together. Because the dosage of lime or iron salt is relatively large, the amount of slag obtained by precipitation is also large, wherein the grade of nickel is low, and the method has no value of recycling again. Therefore, the nickel in the raffinate wastewater can be basically considered to be completely wasted and not recycled. In fact, the nickel content in the raffinate wastewater is low (less than or equal to 100mg/L), but the total amount is not necessarily small. For example, an enterprise treating 1000 tons of wastewater per day discharges about 100Kg of nickel per day without recovering the wastewater, and the loss is 8000 yuan per 8 ten thousand yuan per ton of nickel. Therefore, if the part of nickel can be recycled in a simple manner, the enterprise benefit can be greatly improved, and meanwhile, part of the cost of wastewater treatment can be made up.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel raffinate wastewater.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps:
a method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel raffinate wastewater comprises the following steps:
(1) adding an alkaline substance into the nickel extraction waste water, and adjusting the pH value of the waste water to be between 10 and 11; the COD concentration in the nickel extraction waste water is 200-1000 mg/L, and the nickel content is less than or equal to 100 mg/L;
(2) introducing ozone into the nickel extraction waste water for reaction, continuously adding alkali substances in the reaction process to maintain the alkalinity of the waste water to be between 10 and 11, controlling the reaction temperature to be between 5 ℃ below zero and 95 ℃, and performing solid-liquid separation after the reaction is performed for 0.5 to 4 hours to obtain nickel oxyhydroxide, wherein the purity of the nickel oxyhydroxide is more than or equal to 98.0 percent; the ozone inlet concentration is 80mg/L-120 mg/L.
The extraction waste water of nickel is preferably extraction waste water after nickel is recovered from nickel-containing waste residues. The process background for recovering nickel from nickel-containing waste residues is introduced and described.
Preferably, the alkali substance in step (1) and step (2) is one or a combination of sodium hydroxide, sodium oxide, potassium hydroxide and potassium oxide. May be the same or different.
The optimized scheme is that the reaction temperature of the introduced ozone is controlled to be-5 ℃ to 30 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (2), while introducing ozone, adding a mixed treating agent into the wastewater, and reacting according to the conditions in the step (2) to obtain a solid mixture containing nickel oxyhydroxide; cleaning the obtained solid mixture containing the nickel oxyhydroxide with water, then soaking the solid mixture with an acid substance for 1 to 12 hours, controlling the temperature to be between 50 and 80 ℃ in the soaking process, and performing liquid-solid separation after the soaking is finished to obtain a solution containing high-concentration nickel and a regenerated mixed treating agent; the using amount of the mixed treating agent is 10-20mg/L of wastewater, the mixed treating agent is composed of ammonium persulfate, ferroferric oxide and activated carbon, and the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate to the ferroferric oxide to the activated carbon is 1: 1-3: 1-10.
Because the mixed treating agent contains soluble persulfate, the mixed treating agent can be reused after corresponding persulfate is supplemented in proportion and the mixed treating agent is regenerated.
The acid is preferably one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid or a combination thereof.
In a further preferred scheme, the composition of the mixed treating agent persulfate, ferroferric oxide and activated carbon further satisfies the following relationship: [ m (ammonium persulfate) + m (ferroferric oxide) ]/m (activated carbon) ═ 0.4-0.6, m represents the mass, and the effect of the mixed treatment agent controlled within the ratio range is better.
The scheme of adding the mixed treating agent can greatly shorten the reaction time, the treatment time of introducing ozone is only 0.5-1 hour, the treatment efficiency is further improved, and the cost is saved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the obtained hydroxyl nickel oxide or nickel-containing solution has high purity and can directly enter an original recovery system for recycling; (2) the treatment process is simple, and only ozone needs to be introduced; (3) the ozone can synchronously oxidize COD in the wastewater, thereby reducing the load of subsequent advanced treatment; (4) the process has low energy consumption, low cost and no secondary pollution; (5) furthermore, by adding the mixed treating agent while introducing ozone, the ozone oxidation efficiency is greatly improved, the treatment time is shortened, and COD can be better removed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1 the nickel-containing organic wastewater was obtained from a factory in Jinhua, Zhejiang, and contained 800mg/L of COD and 58mg/L of nickel. Putting 400L of wastewater into a cylindrical container made of PP (polypropylene), adjusting the pH of the wastewater to 10 by using sodium hydroxide, introducing ozone for aeration, controlling the concentration of an ozone outlet to be 80-100 mg/L and the ventilation volume to be 5L/min, continuously adding sodium hydroxide in the reaction process, maintaining the pH of the wastewater to be about 10, controlling the reaction temperature to be 50 ℃, standing for precipitation after 3 hours, and then carrying out vacuum filtration for liquid-solid separation to obtain a black filter cake. The COD of the treated waste water is determined to be reduced to 300mg/L, and the precipitate contains about 64 percent of nickel and has a purity of more than 99 percent in terms of nickel oxyhydroxide.
Example 2 the nickel-containing organic wastewater was obtained from a factory in Jinhua, Zhejiang, and contained 700mg/L of COD and 62mg/L of nickel. Putting 500L of wastewater into a cylindrical container made of PP (polypropylene), adjusting the pH of the wastewater to 11 by using sodium hydroxide, introducing ozone for aeration, controlling the concentration of an ozone outlet to be 80-100 mg/L and the ventilation volume to be 5L/min, continuously adding sodium hydroxide in the reaction process, maintaining the pH of the wastewater to be about 10, controlling the reaction temperature to be 30 ℃, standing for precipitation after 2 hours, and then carrying out vacuum filtration for liquid-solid separation to obtain a black filter cake. It is determined that the COD of the treated wastewater is reduced to 250mg/L, and the precipitated nickel content is about 64 percent, which is equivalent to the purity of nickel oxyhydroxide being more than 99 percent.
Example 3 Nickel-containing organic wastewater was obtained from a plant in Jinhua, Zhejiang, and contained 900mg/L of COD and 51mg/L of nickel. Placing 400L of wastewater into a cylindrical container made of PP (polypropylene), adjusting the pH value of the wastewater to 10 by using sodium hydroxide, introducing ozone for aeration, wherein the outlet concentration of the ozone is 80-100 mg/L, the ventilation volume is 5L/min, and simultaneously adding a mixed treatment agent, wherein the addition amount of the mixed treatment agent is 14mg/L of the wastewater, and the mixed treatment agent is composed of ammonium persulfate, ferroferric oxide and activated carbon, wherein the mass ratio of the ammonium persulfate to the ferroferric oxide to the activated carbon is 1: 5.
In the reaction process, sodium hydroxide is continuously added to maintain the ph of the wastewater at about 10, the reaction temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, the wastewater is kept standing for precipitation after 0.5h, and then the wastewater is subjected to vacuum filtration for liquid-solid separation to obtain a black filter cake. Through determination, COD of the treated wastewater is reduced to 80mg/L, about 55.58% of nickel is contained in the precipitate, the precipitate is washed by clean water, sulfuric acid (the sulfuric acid concentration is 30%) is added according to the solid-to-liquid ratio (the precipitate mass: the liquid volume, g/mL) of 1:10, the nickel sulfate solution with the nickel concentration of about 55g/L can be obtained after leaching for 2 hours under the stirring condition and filtering, and the nickel sulfate solution can be directly used for preparing a nickel sulfate product.

Claims (7)

1. A method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel extraction waste water is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding an alkaline substance into the nickel extraction waste water, and adjusting the pH value of the waste water to be between 10 and 11; the COD concentration in the nickel extraction waste water is 200-1000 mg/L, and the nickel content is less than or equal to 100 mg/L;
(2) introducing ozone into the nickel extraction waste water for reaction, continuously adding alkali substances in the reaction process to maintain the alkalinity of the waste water to be between 10 and 11, controlling the reaction temperature to be between 5 ℃ below zero and 95 ℃, and performing solid-liquid separation after the reaction is performed for 0.5 to 4 hours to obtain nickel oxyhydroxide, wherein the purity of the nickel oxyhydroxide is more than or equal to 98.0 percent; the ozone is introduced into the reactor at a concentration of 80mg/L-120 mg/L;
step (2) adding a mixed treating agent into the wastewater while introducing ozone, and reacting according to the conditions in the step (2) to obtain a solid mixture containing nickel oxyhydroxide; cleaning the obtained solid mixture containing the nickel oxyhydroxide with water, then soaking the solid mixture with an acid substance for 1 to 12 hours, controlling the temperature to be between 50 and 80 ℃ in the soaking process, and performing liquid-solid separation after the soaking is finished to obtain a solution containing high-concentration nickel and a regenerated mixed treating agent; the consumption of the mixed treating agent is 10-20mg/L of wastewater, the mixed treating agent consists of persulfate, ferroferric oxide and activated carbon, and the mass ratio of the persulfate to the ferroferric oxide to the activated carbon is 1: 1-3: 1-10.
2. The method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel raffinate waste water according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the nickel extraction waste water is the extraction waste water after nickel is recovered from the nickel-containing waste residue.
3. The method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel raffinate waste water according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the alkali substance in the step (1) and the step (2) is one or the combination of sodium hydroxide, sodium oxide, potassium hydroxide and potassium oxide.
4. The method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel raffinate waste water according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the reaction temperature of ozone is controlled to be-5 ℃ to 30 ℃.
5. The method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel raffinate waste water according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the composition of the mixed treating agent ammonium persulfate, ferroferric oxide and active carbon further satisfies the following relation: [ m (ammonium persulfate) + m (ferroferric oxide) ]/m (activated carbon) ═ 0.4 to 0.6, and m represents mass.
6. The method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel raffinate waste water according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the acid is one or the combination of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid.
7. The method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel raffinate waste water according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reaction time of the ozone is controlled to be 0.5-1 hour.
CN201810909796.0A 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Method for recovering low-concentration nickel from nickel extraction waste water Active CN108996752B (en)

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CN113287633A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-24 天津大学 Red tide algae algaecide based on ferroferric oxide activated persulfate and application thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101525177A (en) * 2008-12-16 2009-09-09 中国海洋大学 Method of using active persulphate for processing difficult-biodegradability organic waste water
CN101921013A (en) * 2010-03-10 2010-12-22 田农 Method for realizing reliable standard emission for electroplating wastewater by pure chemical precipitation method
CN105084453A (en) * 2015-08-15 2015-11-25 苏州湛清环保科技有限公司 Method for treating high-concentration chemical nickel waste liquid by using ultraviolet light
CN106746031A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-05-31 文树龙 A kind of processing method of Ni-containing Plating Wastewater
CN108059229A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-05-22 苏州科技大学 A kind of method of iron carbon activation persulfate processing high-concentration hardly-degradable alkaline waste liquor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL230024A0 (en) * 2013-12-19 2014-03-31 Mekorot Israel Nat Water Company Ltd Process device and system for treatment of water

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101525177A (en) * 2008-12-16 2009-09-09 中国海洋大学 Method of using active persulphate for processing difficult-biodegradability organic waste water
CN101921013A (en) * 2010-03-10 2010-12-22 田农 Method for realizing reliable standard emission for electroplating wastewater by pure chemical precipitation method
CN105084453A (en) * 2015-08-15 2015-11-25 苏州湛清环保科技有限公司 Method for treating high-concentration chemical nickel waste liquid by using ultraviolet light
CN106746031A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-05-31 文树龙 A kind of processing method of Ni-containing Plating Wastewater
CN108059229A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-05-22 苏州科技大学 A kind of method of iron carbon activation persulfate processing high-concentration hardly-degradable alkaline waste liquor

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