CN113084702B - Rotary part end surface pulse vibration electrochemical grinding method and device - Google Patents
Rotary part end surface pulse vibration electrochemical grinding method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113084702B CN113084702B CN202110453000.7A CN202110453000A CN113084702B CN 113084702 B CN113084702 B CN 113084702B CN 202110453000 A CN202110453000 A CN 202110453000A CN 113084702 B CN113084702 B CN 113084702B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse vibration electrochemical grinding method and device for end faces of rotary parts, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical mechanical composite machining. The micro-dissolution device comprises an electric main shaft, a pressing plate, a positioning sleeve, a rotary part, a rotary worktable, a tool cathode, a connecting rod, a low-frequency vibration device, a rotary mandrel, a compression spring, a cylindrical pin, a movable shaft sleeve and a grinding tool, and is characterized in that the micro-dissolution process of the rotary part is regulated and controlled by adopting a pulse power output and tool vibration synchronization method, the electrochemical dissolution localization is favorably improved, and the optimal matching of the electrochemical dissolution and mechanical grinding is promoted; the electrochemical dissolution and the mechanical grinding are mutually separated, so that the independent control of the electrochemical grinding process is facilitated, and the surface form precision and the surface quality of the end face of the rotary part are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rotary part end surface pulse vibration electrochemical grinding method and device, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical mechanical composite machining.
Background
A mechanical seal ring is a typical rotating part. In order to meet the mechanical sealing requirements of severe working conditions such as high pressure, high rotating speed, corrosive media, solid particle media and the like, the requirements on the material performance of the sealing ring are stricter, and meanwhile, higher requirements on the processing performance of the end face of the sealing ring are also provided. The hard alloy has the characteristics of high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and is a common material for a hard ring of a mechanical seal friction pair.
The hard alloy sealing ring end face finishing process mostly adopts mechanical grinding, the planeness and the surface roughness after the process can meet the use requirements, but the surface microscopic appearance is in a peak shape and remains abrasive particle cutting traces, the surface abrasion is easy to accelerate due to the peak effect in the mechanical sealing process, the service life of a sealing element is influenced, and the leakage of a sealed medium is caused.
The electrochemical grinding of the consolidated abrasive particles is finished by combining the electrochemical dissolution effect and the mechanical grinding effect of a grinding tool, the surface metal removal amount is small, the electrochemical grinding is not limited by the hardness and rigidity of materials, the microcosmic geometric appearance of the surface is in a fillet shape, compared with the electrochemical grinding process of free abrasive particles, the electrochemical grinding process is simpler in device and higher in processing efficiency, and the electrochemical grinding process has remarkable advantages in the processing of the end face of a hard alloy sealing ring.
However, under the influence of multiple factors such as multi-component characteristics of the hard alloy material, electrode potential difference, tool structure and abrasive particle distribution, the removal process of the hard alloy electrochemical grinding material is a very complicated dynamic process, the electrochemical dissolution and mechanical grinding effect is still difficult to optimize and match, and excessive dissolution or obvious abrasive particle cutting marks are easily generated.
In addition, in the existing plane electrochemical grinding process, the grinding tool and the cathode are usually combined into a whole to form a composite tool, and the composite tool has relatively complex structure, great manufacturing difficulty and difficult process adjustment.
Disclosure of Invention
1. The invention provides a pulse vibration electrochemical grinding processing method and a device with high dissolution localization and independently adjustable dissolution and grinding functions, aiming at the defects of the current rotary part end surface electrochemical grinding processing technology, and realizing the precise finishing processing of the rotary part end surface of the difficult-to-process material.
2. In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a pulse vibration electrochemical grinding processing device for end faces of rotary parts comprises an electric main shaft, a pressing plate, a positioning sleeve, a rotary part, a rotary workbench, a tool cathode, a connecting rod, a low-frequency vibration device, a rotary mandrel, a compression spring, a cylindrical pin, a movable shaft sleeve and a grinding tool, wherein the rotary workbench is used for realizing the installation and positioning of the rotary part through a chuck and driving the rotary part to rotate, and the rotary part is connected with the positive pole of a pulse power supply; the cathode of the inner liquid spraying tool is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod through a screw, the top end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the low-frequency vibrating device, the low-frequency vibrating device drives the cathode of the tool and the connecting rod to make vibrating motion, and the cathode of the tool is connected with the negative pole of the pulse power supply; cylindrical grinding apparatus passes through holding screw and removal axle sleeve fixed connection, remove the axle sleeve lateral wall and adopt clearance fit with the position sleeve, position sleeve top and clamp plate fixed connection, the clamp plate passes through holding screw fixed connection with rotatory dabber, remove the axle sleeve top and closely laminate with compression spring, remove the axle sleeve hole and adopt clearance fit with rotatory dabber, the pinhole has been seted up to rotatory dabber lower extreme, and adopt clearance fit with the cylindric lock, rotatory dabber fixed connection is in electric main shaft lower extreme.
Symmetrical waist-shaped holes are formed in the side wall of the movable shaft sleeve, the cylindrical pin and the waist-shaped holes of the movable shaft sleeve generate relative displacement through feeding and retreating of the electric spindle, and then the grinding pressing force of the end face of the rotary part is changed by adjusting the compression amount of the compression spring; the grinding tool adopts non-conductive silicon carbide oilstone to cut off the conduction of the processing current to the electric spindle, and the tool cathode and the connecting rod are made of stainless steel materials to stably conduct the processing current.
The invention also aims to provide a pulse vibration electrochemical grinding method for the end face of a rotary part, which is based on electrochemical dissolution and mechanical grinding coupling effect, and realizes the precise finishing processing of the end face of the rotary part by means of a tool cathode and a grinding tool, wherein the rotary part rotates around an axis, the tool cathode only performs low-frequency vibration and does not perform feeding to the end face of the rotary part, the output of a pulse power supply is synchronous with the vibration of the tool cathode, the pulse power supply is switched on when the tool cathode vibrates to be close to the end face of the rotary part and is switched off when the tool cathode vibrates to be far away from the end face of the rotary part, and the grinding tool rotates around the axis of the grinding tool and applies pressing force to the end face of the rotary part; in the electrochemical grinding process of the end face of the rotary part, electrolyte is sprayed to the end face of the rotary part through the liquid communicating groove in the tool cathode, when the pulse power supply is switched on, the end face of the rotary part generates trace dissolution and forms an extremely thin passivation film, and the passivation film is scraped by the grinding tool in a rotating mode, so that the base material of the rotary part is exposed again, and the electrochemical dissolution and the mechanical grinding process are carried out in a reciprocating mode.
3. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention separates the electrochemical dissolution and the mechanical grinding, which is beneficial to improving the controllability of the processing process and improving the electrochemical grinding processing performance of the end face of the rotary part. The invention realizes the dissolution and removal of the material of the rotary part by the cathode of the inner liquid spraying tool and scrapes the passive film by the rotary grinding tool, and compared with the traditional electrochemical grinding, the tool has simpler structural design. And thirdly, the invention adopts a pulse power output and tool vibration synchronization method to regulate and control the dissolving process, which is beneficial to inhibiting stray corrosion and improving the processing localization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the rotary part end face pulse vibration electrochemical grinding processing device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the grinding tool pressing device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cathode structure of the tool of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises an electric spindle, 2, a pressing plate, 3, a positioning sleeve, 4, a rotary part, 5, a rotary workbench, 6, a tool cathode, 7, a connecting rod, 8, a low-frequency vibration device, 9, a rotary mandrel, 10, a compression spring, 11, a cylindrical pin, 12, a movable shaft sleeve, 13 and a grinding tool.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a pulse vibration electrochemical grinding device for the end face of a revolving part, and fig. 2 shows a grinding tool pressing device. The pulse vibration electrochemical grinding processing device comprises a mechanical grinding device, a pulse vibration electrochemical processing device and a rotary part rotating device, wherein the mechanical grinding device comprises an electric spindle 1, a pressing plate 2, a positioning sleeve 3, a rotary spindle 9, a compression spring 10, a cylindrical pin 11, a movable spindle sleeve 12 and a grinding tool 13, the cylindrical grinding tool 13 is fixedly connected with the movable spindle sleeve 12 through a set screw, the side wall of the movable spindle sleeve 12 is provided with a symmetrical kidney-shaped hole and is in clearance fit with the positioning sleeve 3, the top end of the positioning sleeve 3 is fixedly connected with the pressing plate 2, the pressing plate 2 is fixedly connected with the rotary spindle 9 through the set screw, the top end of the movable spindle sleeve 12 is tightly attached to the compression spring 10, an inner hole of the movable spindle sleeve 12 is in clearance fit with the rotary spindle 9, the lower end of the rotary spindle 9 is provided with a pin hole and is in clearance fit with the cylindrical pin 11, the upper end of the rotary spindle 9 is fixedly connected with the electric spindle 1, the electric spindle 1 drives the rotating mandrel 9 and the grinding tool 13 to do rotating motion, the compression spring 10 drives the grinding tool 13 to press the end face of the rotating part 4, the cylindrical pin 11 and the waist-shaped hole of the movable shaft sleeve 12 generate relative displacement through the feeding and retracting motion of the electric spindle 1, and the pressing force of the end face of the rotating part 4 is changed by adjusting the compression amount of the compression spring 10; the pulse vibration electrochemical machining device comprises a low-frequency vibration device 8, a connecting rod 7 and a tool cathode 6, wherein the tool cathode 6 is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting rod 7, the top end of the connecting rod 7 is fixedly connected with the low-frequency vibration device 8, the low-frequency vibration device 8 drives the connecting rod 7 and the tool cathode 6 to do vibration motion, the tool cathode 6 is connected with the negative electrode of a pulse power supply, the pulse power supply is switched on when the tool cathode 6 vibrates to be close to the end face of the rotary part 4, and the pulse power supply is switched off when the tool cathode vibrates to be retracted to be far away from the end face of the rotary part 4; the rotating part rotating device comprises a rotating part 4 and a rotating table 5, the rotating table 5 drives the rotating part 4 to rotate, and the rotating part 4 is connected with the positive pole of the pulse power supply.
As shown in fig. 3, the cathode structure of the internal liquid spraying tool is shown, the tool cathode 6 adopts a combined structure, the upper end of the tool cathode is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 7, the lower end of the tool cathode is a processing part, and the material dissolution removal amount is regulated and controlled by regulating the coverage range of the bottom end of the tool cathode 6 on the end surface of the rotary part 4.
In the device for processing the end surface pulse vibration electrochemical grinding of the rotary part, the grinding tool 13 adopts the carborundum oilstone to cut off the conduction of the processing current to the motorized spindle 1, and the tool cathode 6 and the connecting rod 7 are made of stainless steel materials to stably conduct the processing current.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications, equivalent arrangements, and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a gyration part terminal surface pulse vibration electrochemical grinding processingequipment, includes electric main shaft (1), clamp plate (2), position sleeve (3), gyration part (4), rotary worktable (5), instrument negative pole (6), connecting rod (7), low frequency vibrating device (8), rotatory dabber (9), compression spring (10), cylindric lock (11), removal axle sleeve (12), grinding apparatus (13), its characterized in that: the rotary worktable (5) realizes the installation and the positioning of the rotary part (4) through a chuck and drives the rotary part (4) to rotate, and the rotary part (4) is connected with the positive pole of a pulse power supply; the cathode (6) of the inner liquid spraying tool is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a connecting rod (7) through a screw, the top end of the connecting rod (7) is fixedly connected to a low-frequency vibration device (8), the low-frequency vibration device (8) drives the cathode (6) of the tool and the connecting rod (7) to perform vibration motion, and the cathode (6) of the tool is connected with the negative pole of a pulse power supply; cylindrical grinding apparatus (13) are through holding screw and removal axle sleeve (12) fixed connection, it adopts clearance fit to remove axle sleeve (12) lateral wall and position sleeve (3), position sleeve (3) top and clamp plate (2) fixed connection, clamp plate (2) are through holding screw fixed connection with rotatory dabber (9), it closely laminates with compression spring (10) to remove axle sleeve (12) top, it adopts clearance fit to remove axle sleeve (12) hole and rotatory dabber (9), the pinhole has been seted up to rotatory dabber (9) lower extreme, and adopt clearance fit with cylindric lock (11), rotatory dabber (9) fixed connection is in electric main shaft (1) lower extreme.
2. The rotary part end surface pulse vibration electrochemical grinding machining apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: symmetrical waist-shaped holes are formed in the side wall of the movable shaft sleeve (12), relative displacement is generated between the cylindrical pin (11) and the waist-shaped holes of the movable shaft sleeve (12) through the feeding and withdrawing motions of the electric spindle (1), and then the grinding pressing force of the end face of the rotary part (4) is changed by adjusting the compression amount of the compression spring (10); the grinding tool (13) adopts non-conductive silicon carbide oilstone to cut off the conduction of the processing current to the motorized spindle (1), and the tool cathode (6) and the connecting rod (7) are made of stainless steel materials to stably conduct the processing current.
3. A method of using the rotary part end surface pulse vibration electrochemical grinding machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: based on electrochemical dissolution and mechanical grinding coupling action, the precise finishing processing of the end face of the rotary part (4) is realized by means of an inner liquid spraying tool cathode (6) and a grinding tool (13), the rotary part (4) rotates around an axis, the tool cathode (6) only vibrates at low frequency without feeding to the end face of the rotary part (4), the output of a pulse power supply is synchronous with the vibration of the tool cathode (6), the pulse power supply is switched on when the tool cathode (6) vibrates to be close to the end face of the rotary part (4), and is switched off when the tool cathode vibrates to be far away from the end face of the rotary part (4), the grinding tool (13) rotates around the axis of the grinding tool and applies pressing force to the end face of the rotary part (4); in the electrochemical grinding process of the end face of the rotary part (4), electrolyte is sprayed to the end face of the rotary part (4) through a liquid passing groove in the tool cathode (6), when a pulse power supply is conducted, trace dissolution is generated on the end face of the rotary part (4), an extremely thin passivation film is formed, and the passivation film is scraped by the rotation of the grinding tool (13), so that the matrix material of the rotary part (4) is exposed again, and further the electrochemical dissolution and mechanical grinding process is carried out repeatedly.
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| CN202110453000.7A CN113084702B (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | Rotary part end surface pulse vibration electrochemical grinding method and device |
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| CN202110453000.7A CN113084702B (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | Rotary part end surface pulse vibration electrochemical grinding method and device |
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| CN1101873A (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1995-04-26 | 日立造船株式会社 | Electrolysic combined method of lapping drum or cylinder work piece |
| CN101947749B (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2011-11-16 | 西安理工大学 | Numerical control machine tool capable of grinding two sides of plane by dislocation self-rotation and ultrasonic vibration |
| CN102079066B (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2013-06-12 | 广东工业大学 | Combined machining system of electrochemistry and magnetic abrasive lapping |
| CN104759717B (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2018-12-28 | 海安欣凯富机械科技有限公司 | The polishing processing method in the metallic rotary face based on double peak pulse current electrochemical copolymerization machinery |
| CN108705164B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2021-07-02 | 山东大学 | Rotary ultrasonic-assisted micro electrolytic grinding reaming device and method |
| CN112222546B (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-10-19 | 南京农业大学 | Low-frequency vibration assisted cut-in type electrolytic turning method and implementation device |
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