CN113083853A - Harmless treatment device and method for high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste - Google Patents

Harmless treatment device and method for high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113083853A
CN113083853A CN202110342582.1A CN202110342582A CN113083853A CN 113083853 A CN113083853 A CN 113083853A CN 202110342582 A CN202110342582 A CN 202110342582A CN 113083853 A CN113083853 A CN 113083853A
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China
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sulfur
chlorine
hazardous waste
risk
dissolving
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CN202110342582.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨武
何良东
马忠诚
金志刚
沈伟中
蒋忠清
李志�
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Jiangsu Yongzhiqing Solid Waste Disposal Co ltd
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Jiangsu Yongzhiqing Solid Waste Disposal Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B15/00Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • B08B15/04Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area from a small area, e.g. a tool

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a harmless disposal device for high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous wastes, which comprises: a dissolving and diluting tank; the sealing cover is arranged on the periphery of the dissolving and diluting tank, and an air suction pipeline is arranged on the sealing cover; and the tail gas treatment assembly is connected to the air suction pipeline. Also provides a harmless disposal method of the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste, which comprises the following steps: s1, dissolving the dangerous waste into one of water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol; and S2, absorbing the tail gas generated after dissolution. The distillation residue hazardous waste is dissolved in one of water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol in advance, and tail gas generated after dissolution is absorbed, so that the distillation residue is subjected to harmless treatment, and the treatment risk is reduced.

Description

Harmless treatment device and method for high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of harmless treatment of hazardous wastes, and particularly relates to a harmless treatment device for high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous wastes.
Background
The list of hazardous waste, 2021 edition, specifies solid waste (including liquid waste) having one of the following conditions, as included in the list:
(one) having one or more hazardous characteristics of toxicity, corrosiveness, flammability, reactivity, or infectivity.
And (II) the hazardous property is not excluded, the harmful influence on the ecological environment or the human health is possibly caused, and the management according to the hazardous waste is required.
The distillation residue belongs to HW11 category of hazardous waste records, and is mainly from the production fields of dye production, medicines, pesticides and the like. Distillation residues can cause environmental pollution if not properly disposed of because they are not of reuse value and have hazardous components.
For burning dangerous wastes, the prior treatment technology adopts a high-temperature thermal treatment technology, wherein the rotary kiln high-temperature burning treatment is most widely used due to the advantages of high burning temperature, high burning efficiency, low discount rate after treatment and the like. Before disposal, the hazardous waste needs to be combined to control indexes such as calorific value, total sulfur, total chlorine and total fluorine of the hazardous waste entering the incinerator, so as to ensure the stability of the working condition of the incinerator and the standard reaching of the flue gas.
The distillation residue is in liquid state at normal temperature and is solidified at low temperature. Has pungent smell, strong acidity, no oxidability, acid fog when meeting water, and heat and sparks in the crushing process. The distillation residue may contain methylene chloride and phosphorus pentoxide. The calorific value is about 12830J/g, the total chlorine is about 8 to 13 percent, and the total sulfur is about 5 percent. The distillation residue has high sulfur and chlorine content, and the feeding pit can smoke, the crushing process can generate heat and spark is produced. At present, the packaging bag is packaged into 25kg small bags, and the feeding interval is half an hour. Although the distillation residue can be slowly disposed of by subpackaging, the following problems still exist:
firstly, after the materials are divided into 25kg small bags, the excessive CO and the instantaneous SO2 are caused after the materials are fed, and the excessive CO and the excessive SO2 are easily caused due to poor control;
and (II) because the distillation residues react with water vapor in the feeding channel of the rotary kiln to generate a large amount of hydrochloric acid, the hydrochloric acid volatilizes to corrode the water cooling jacket.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a harmless treatment device for high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous wastes, and solves the problem that distillation residues are not easy to treat.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a harmless disposal device for high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous wastes, which comprises:
a dissolving and diluting tank;
the sealing cover is arranged on the periphery of the dissolving and diluting tank, and an air suction pipeline is arranged on the sealing cover;
and the tail gas treatment assembly is connected to the air suction pipeline.
Preferably, the exhaust treatment assembly comprises a UV photolysis mechanism.
Preferably, the off-gas treatment assembly comprises a chemical scrubber.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the harmless treatment device for the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste, the dissolving and diluting tank is arranged, so that the distillation residues can be dissolved in the dissolving and diluting tank in advance, for example, the distillation residues are dissolved and diluted by using one of water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol, the distillation residues are subjected to harmless treatment, and the treatment risk is reduced.
The invention also provides a harmless disposal method of the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving the dangerous waste into one of water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol;
and S2, absorbing the tail gas generated after dissolution.
Preferably, it further comprises reducing the temperature during the dissolution.
Preferably, the hazardous waste is dissolved using a waste liquid containing sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid or ethanol components in S1.
Preferably, the calorific value of the hazardous waste mixture after dissolution and dilution is controlled to be 2900J/g, the total sulfur is controlled to be within 2.5 percent, and the total chlorine is controlled to be within 3 percent.
Further, the calorific value of the hazardous waste mixture after dissolution and dilution was 2400J/g, and the total chlorine was 1.38%.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the harmless treatment method for the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste, the distillation residue hazardous waste is dissolved in one of water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol in advance, and tail gas generated after dissolution is absorbed, so that the distillation residue is subjected to harmless treatment, and the treatment risk is reduced.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter, by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-sulfur-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste harmless disposal device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the steps of the harmless disposal method of the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste of the invention;
wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1. a sealing cover;
2. an air suction pipeline;
3. and (5) a dissolving and diluting tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in FIG. 2, the harmless disposal method of the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving the dangerous waste into one of water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol;
and S2, absorbing the tail gas generated after dissolution.
Dissolving and diluting pure chemicals: aiming at the distillation residues solidified at low temperature, firstly mixing the distillation residues with water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol to see whether the distillation residues can be dissolved or not, and the reaction and heat release conditions in the dissolving process; directly mixing the distillation residues which are liquid at normal temperature with water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol, observing the reaction and heat release conditions in the dissolving process, and determining which chemical substances are more suitable for mixing and dissolving the distillation residues.
Figure 781094DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
And (4) conclusion: the distillation residues can be dissolved in water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol, wherein the distillation residues can be completely dissolved in the sodium hydroxide and the glacial acetic acid, part of the distillation residues are dissolved in the water, and suspended matters are generated after the distillation residues are dissolved in the ethanol; the temperature rise phenomenon exists in the process of dissolving in water, sodium hydroxide and ethanol, and the temperature rise phenomenon does not occur obviously when dissolving in glacial acetic acid. Meanwhile, the pH value of the distillation residue after the sodium hydroxide is dissolved can reach 4-5, and the corrosion to equipment can be reduced. For the high-sulfur chlorine high-reactivity distillation residue, a sodium hydroxide solution can be adopted for dissolving, and the operation condition and the personnel safety are ensured by controlling the reaction temperature in the dissolving process and timely collecting and disposing the acid gas in the dissolving process through a negative pressure device.
Liquid waste dissolution and dilution: as can be seen from the above, it is also possible to select hazardous waste such as developer (containing sodium hydroxide as a main component) and further perform a dissolution dilution test, thereby achieving the effect of "waste by waste". 2g of the distillation residue were dissolved in 20ml of a developer which completely dissolved the distillation residue, the dissolution process being exothermic. Wherein, the developer is strong alkaline pH about 12, is nonflammable, and has no total sulfur and total chlorine detected.
And (3) detecting a dissolved diluent: and detecting indexes such as heat value, total sulfur, total chlorine and the like of the dissolved and diluted distillation residues, determining the mixing proportion, and ensuring that the mixed and dissolved distillation residues meet the furnace entering compatibility requirement. Wherein the compatibility requirement of entering the furnace is that the heat value is 2900J/g, the total sulfur is within 2.5 percent, and the total chlorine is within 3 percent. The calorific value after dissolution and dilution is 2400J/g, the total sulfur cannot be detected, and the total chlorine is 1.38%. The dissolved distillation residue can meet the requirement of entering the furnace, obviously reduces the corrosion to equipment and ensures that the incineration tail gas reaches the standard and is discharged.
Tail gas absorption: because distillation residue has strong irritability and can produce acid gas in the dissolution dilution process, so dissolve the dilution process and need go on in airtight cover, and operating personnel need wear full face guard and protective clothing simultaneously, acid and alkali resistance gloves etc.. The harmless disposal device for the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste is shown in figure 1 and comprises a sealing cover 1, an air suction pipeline 2 and a dissolving and diluting tank 3. The sealing cover 1 is sleeved on the periphery of the dissolving and diluting tank 3. An air suction pipeline 2 is arranged above the sealing cover 1, and the air suction pipeline 2 is connected with a tail gas treatment component (not shown). Dissolving agent is added into the dissolving and diluting tank 3, then distillation residues are added, and generated acid gas is sucked and removed through the air suction pipeline 2 and enters a tail gas treatment component (not shown) for treatment.
The tail gas treatment assembly can comprise a UV photolysis mechanism, a chemical washing tower and an activated carbon adsorption mechanism which are connected in series, wherein the UV photolysis mechanism comprises an ultraviolet lamp and a nano titanium dioxide catalyst. The nanometer titanium dioxide catalyst absorbs light energy to generate electrons, and the electrons react with moisture and oxygen adsorbed on the surface of waste gas to generate alkyl free radicals (OH-) and superoxide ion free radicals (O2-O-) with very active oxidability, so that various organic waste gases, such as benzene, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, sulfides and other VOC organic and inorganic substances, can be reduced into carbon dioxide, water and other harmless substances under the photocatalytic oxidation effect, and the odor disappears at the same time. The chemical washing tower is a packed tower structure, and prepared 30% sodium hydroxide washing liquid is sprayed into the chemical washing tower from the upper part of the chemical washing tower and then absorbs acid gas in the chemical washing tower. The activated carbon adsorption mechanism 23 is composed of an activated carbon fiber module, and the activated carbon fiber has a large specific surface area, so that organic gas which cannot be photolyzed and catalyzed by UV can be further adsorbed.
In summary, the harmless treatment device and method for high-sulfur and high-chlorine dangerous waste in the embodiment perform harmless pretreatment on the distillation residues to reduce the treatment risk. A number of advantages result: (1) the corrosion of the high-sulfur chlorine hazardous waste to equipment and a water-cooling jacket after entering the furnace can be avoided; (2) the distillation residue after dissolution and dilution can meet the requirement of furnace entering control, and the tail gas of an incineration system is ensured to be discharged up to the standard; (3) increasing personnel and equipment safety of the disposal process.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste harmless disposal device comprises:
a dissolving and diluting tank (3);
the sealing cover (1), the sealing cover (1) is arranged on the periphery of the dissolving and diluting tank (3), and an air suction pipeline (2) is arranged on the sealing cover (1);
and the tail gas treatment assembly is connected to the air suction pipeline (2).
2. The harmless disposal device of high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail gas treatment component comprises a UV photolysis mechanism.
3. The harmless disposal device of high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail gas treatment assembly includes a chemical scrubber.
4. A harmless disposal method of high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving the dangerous waste into one of water, sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid and ethanol;
and S2, absorbing the tail gas generated after dissolution.
5. The method for harmlessly disposing the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste according to claim 4, wherein: it also includes cooling during the dissolving process.
6. The method for harmlessly disposing the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste according to claim 4, wherein: s1, the dangerous waste is dissolved by using waste liquid, wherein the waste liquid contains sodium hydroxide, glacial acetic acid or ethanol.
7. The method for harmlessly disposing the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste according to claim 4, wherein: the calorific value of the dangerous waste mixture after dissolution and dilution is controlled to be 2900J/g, the total sulfur is within 2.5 percent, and the total chlorine is within 3 percent.
8. The method for harmlessly disposing the high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste according to claim 7, wherein: the calorific value of the hazardous waste mixture after dissolution and dilution is 2400J/g, and the total chlorine is 1.38%.
CN202110342582.1A 2021-03-30 2021-03-30 Harmless treatment device and method for high-sulfur and high-chlorine high-risk hazardous waste Pending CN113083853A (en)

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CN206588144U (en) * 2017-03-16 2017-10-27 湖南嘉沣工程设计有限责任公司 A kind of solidification processing unit of heavy metal waste slag
CN108213040A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-06-29 安徽荣泽科技有限公司 A kind of separator for aluminium plastic composite packaging material
CN109351163A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-02-19 河北首朗新能源科技有限公司 Simple deodorization device between a kind of sludge
CN111167247A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-19 海洋石油工程股份有限公司 Air purifying device
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WO1997039777A1 (en) * 1996-04-22 1997-10-30 Waste Reduction By Waste Reduction, Inc. Methods for treatment and disposal of regulated medical waste
CN102173497A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-09-07 天津合佳威立雅环境服务有限公司 Process of treating hazardous waste and waste acid capable of violently reacting with water
CN206588144U (en) * 2017-03-16 2017-10-27 湖南嘉沣工程设计有限责任公司 A kind of solidification processing unit of heavy metal waste slag
CN108213040A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-06-29 安徽荣泽科技有限公司 A kind of separator for aluminium plastic composite packaging material
CN109351163A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-02-19 河北首朗新能源科技有限公司 Simple deodorization device between a kind of sludge
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