CN113078660A - Application method and system of photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by virtual synchronizer - Google Patents

Application method and system of photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by virtual synchronizer Download PDF

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CN113078660A
CN113078660A CN202110383789.3A CN202110383789A CN113078660A CN 113078660 A CN113078660 A CN 113078660A CN 202110383789 A CN202110383789 A CN 202110383789A CN 113078660 A CN113078660 A CN 113078660A
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power generation
generation system
frequency modulation
photovoltaic power
photovoltaic
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CN113078660B (en
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王志杰
盛锴
陈厚涛
朱晓星
王锡辉
寻新
刘武林
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]

Abstract

The invention discloses an application method and an application system of a photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by a virtual synchronizermThe photovoltaic array port voltage U is calculated, and on the basis, the frequency modulation power delta P of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation and the frequency variation delta F of the power system of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation are calculated based on a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system2. According to the invention, the frequency modulation performance of the photovoltaic power generation system and the influence on the power system can be calculated by adopting the frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system, the simulation of the situation that the photovoltaic power generation system participates in primary frequency modulation can be realized, the effectiveness of modeling and frequency modulation strategies of the photovoltaic power generation system is verified, and the photovoltaic energy consumption capability and the safety and stability of the power system are improved.

Description

Application method and system of photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by virtual synchronizer
Technical Field
The invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation and modeling technology, in particular to an application method and system of a photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by a virtual synchronous machine.
Background
With the promotion of national energy conservation and emission reduction policies and the continuous deepening of new energy research, the photovoltaic power generation system is rapidly developed and widely applied. The photovoltaic power generation system is not limited by energy resources, raw materials and application environment, and is considered to be one of the most promising energy sources. However, as the ratio of photovoltaic power generation in the power system increases, the inertia of the power system will decrease, and the frequency modulation capability will decrease, thereby threatening the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Based on the above problems, how to utilize the photovoltaic energy to the maximum extent and improve the frequency modulation capability of the power system containing the photovoltaic energy has become an important issue to ensure the stability of the power system and promote the healthy development of the power system. Aiming at the problem of stability of a power system containing photovoltaic energy, a large amount of research has been carried out by scholars at home and abroad, and the method mainly comprises the following aspects: the method comprises the following steps of controlling a grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system, influencing grid-connected photovoltaic on the frequency of a power system, adopting the principle that the photovoltaic power generation system participates in primary frequency modulation, establishing a distributed photovoltaic power generation system model, and influencing the protection and short-circuit current of a power distribution network line by the access position and capacity configuration of the photovoltaic power generation system. However, none of the above research contents considers or does not fully consider the participation of the photovoltaic power generation system in the primary frequency modulation and the influence thereof on the power system, and the frequency modulation of the photovoltaic power generation system is not modeled and assisted by analysis of a simulation example.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an application method and an application system of a photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by a virtual synchronous machine.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an application method of a photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by a virtual synchronizer comprises the following steps:
1) determining the maximum power point voltage V' when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation according to the temperature T and the value E of the illumination intensity under the current environmental conditionmA photovoltaic array port voltage U;
2) obtaining the maximum power point voltage V' when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulationmAnd calculating the frequency modulation power delta P of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation based on a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system on the basis of the voltage U of the port of the photovoltaic array.
Optionally, in step 2), calculating a functional expression of the frequency modulation power Δ P of the photovoltaic power generation system after participating in frequency modulation based on a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system, as shown in the following formula:
ΔP＝n·f1(U/m)·U-n·f1(V′m·R/m)·(V′m·R/m)
in the above formula, n is the parallel number of the battery components in the photovoltaic power generation system, f1Is a photovoltaic output current function, U is a photovoltaic array port voltage, and m is the number of series-connected battery components, V', in the photovoltaic power generation systemmThe maximum power point voltage when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation is obtained, R is the initial power point voltage of the photovoltaic power generation systemThe level of unloading.
Optionally, a photovoltaic output current function f1The formula of the calculation function is:
Figure BDA0003014038240000021
in the above formula, IscIs the short-circuit current, V, of the battery pack under standard conditionsBaIs the battery pack port voltage, V, under the current conditionsocIs the open circuit voltage of the cell assembly under standard conditions, C1And C2Is an intermediate variable, Im BaAnd Vm BaRespectively, the maximum power point current and the maximum power point voltage of the battery pack under standard environmental conditions.
Optionally, the maximum power point voltage V' when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation in step 1)mThe formula of the calculation function is:
Figure BDA0003014038240000022
in the above formula, Vm BaThe maximum power point voltage of the battery component under the standard environmental condition, gamma and beta are respectively different compensation coefficients, T is the temperature under the current environmental condition, and T is the temperature under the current environmental conditionrefIs the temperature under standard conditions, E is the value of the illumination intensity under the current environmental conditions, ErefThe value of the illumination intensity under the standard condition is m, and the serial number of the battery components in the photovoltaic power generation system is m.
Optionally, in step 1), the calculation function expression of the photovoltaic array port voltage U is:
Figure BDA0003014038240000023
in the above formula, VmThe maximum power point voltage when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation, R is the initial load shedding level of the photovoltaic power generation system, KpAs proportional link parameter of PI controller, KiIs an integral link parameter of the PI controller, K is an inertia link parameter, and delta F1(t) grid frequency variation, Δ F, when the photovoltaic does not participate in frequency modulation at time t1(t)＝F0-F, wherein F0And F is the power grid rated frequency when the photovoltaic does not participate in frequency modulation at the moment t, and t is time.
Optionally, the step 2) further includes calculating a power system frequency variation Δ F after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation based on a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system2And a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system calculates the frequency variation delta F of the power system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation2The function expression of (a) is as follows:
ΔF2＝(ΔPEN+ΔP-ΔPD)/KG
in the above formula,. DELTA.PENThe output change of the photovoltaic power generation system when the environmental parameter changes, the delta P is the frequency modulation power of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation, and the delta P is the frequency modulation powerDAs a load variation, KGThe power frequency static characteristic coefficient of the conventional generator set.
Optionally, step 2) is followed by further including a photovoltaic output variation Δ PPVLoad variation amount Δ PDUnder the condition that the difference between the two changes in step, the power system frequency variation delta F after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation is obtained according to a preset photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model2And generating a frequency characteristic curve containing the photovoltaic power generation system.
Optionally, after the step 2), under the condition that the value E of the illumination intensity under the current environmental condition is changed due to the change of the illumination intensity, controlling the frequency change amount Δ F of the power system, obtained according to a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system, of the power system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation2And generating a frequency characteristic curve containing the photovoltaic power generation system.
In addition, the invention also provides an application system of the photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by the virtual synchronous machine, which comprises a microprocessor and a memory which are connected with each other, wherein the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the application method of the photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by the virtual synchronous machine.
In addition, the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program programmed or configured to execute the application method of the virtual synchronous machine controlled photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the method comprises the step of determining the maximum power point voltage V' when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation according to the temperature T and the value E of the illumination intensity under the current environmental conditionmThe photovoltaic array port voltage U is calculated, and on the basis, the frequency modulation power delta P of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation and the frequency variation delta F of the power system of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation are calculated based on a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system2. According to the invention, the frequency modulation performance of the photovoltaic power generation system and the influence on the power system can be calculated by adopting the frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system, the simulation of the situation that the photovoltaic power generation system participates in primary frequency modulation can be realized, the effectiveness of modeling and frequency modulation strategies of the photovoltaic power generation system is verified, and the photovoltaic energy consumption capability and the safety and stability of the power system are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric power system including a virtual synchronous machine for controlling a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a basic flow of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a frequency characteristic curve of a photovoltaic power generation system generated during a load step change in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a frequency characteristic curve of a photovoltaic power generation system generated when the illumination intensity is changed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of frequency modulation and modeling of a photovoltaic power generation system controlled by a virtual synchronous machine.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric power system including a virtual synchronous machine for controlling a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, wherein the photovoltaic power generation system and a synchronous generator are connected to one side of a Bus 2 through a transformer, and a single Load a on the Bus 3 is supplied through another transformer on the other side of the Bus 2; the photovoltaic power generation system comprises a battery assembly, an inverter and a direct-current voltage controller for controlling the inverter.
As shown in fig. 2, the application method of the frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system controlled by the virtual synchronous machine in this embodiment includes:
1) determining the maximum power point voltage V' when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation according to the temperature T and the value E of the illumination intensity under the current environmental conditionmA photovoltaic array port voltage U;
2) obtaining the maximum power point voltage V' when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulationmAnd calculating the frequency modulation power delta P of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation based on a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system on the basis of the voltage U of the port of the photovoltaic array.
In this embodiment, in step 2), based on a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system, a functional expression of the frequency modulation power Δ P of the photovoltaic power generation system after participating in frequency modulation is calculated as follows:
ΔP＝n·f1(U/m)·U-n·f1(V′m·R/m)·(V′m·R/m)
in the above formula, n is the parallel number of the battery components in the photovoltaic power generation system, f1Is a photovoltaic output current function, U is a photovoltaic array port voltage, and m is the number of series-connected battery components, V', in the photovoltaic power generation systemmAnd R is the initial load shedding level of the photovoltaic power generation system.
In this embodiment, the photovoltaic output current function f1The formula of the calculation function is:
Figure BDA0003014038240000041
in the above formula, IscIs the short-circuit current, V, of the battery pack under standard conditionsBaIs the battery pack port voltage, V, under the current conditionsocIs the open circuit voltage of the cell assembly under standard conditions, C1And C2Is an intermediate variable, Im BaAnd Vm BaRespectively, the maximum power point current and the maximum power point voltage of the battery pack under standard environmental conditions.
In this embodiment, the maximum power point voltage V' when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation in step 1)mThe formula of the calculation function is:
Figure BDA0003014038240000042
in the above formula, Vm BaThe maximum power point voltage of the battery component under the standard environmental condition, gamma and beta are respectively different compensation coefficients, T is the temperature under the current environmental condition, and T is the temperature under the current environmental conditionrefIs the temperature under standard conditions, E is the value of the illumination intensity under the current environmental conditions, ErefThe value of the illumination intensity under the standard condition is m, and the serial number of the battery components in the photovoltaic power generation system is m.
In this embodiment, the calculation function expression of the voltage U at the port of the photovoltaic array in step 1) is:
Figure BDA0003014038240000043
in the above formula, VmThe maximum power point voltage when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation, R is the initial load shedding level of the photovoltaic power generation system, KpAs proportional link parameter of PI controller, KiIs an integral link parameter of the PI controller, K is an inertia link parameter, and delta F1(t) grid frequency variation, Δ F, when the photovoltaic does not participate in frequency modulation at time t1(t)＝F0-F, wherein F0And F is the power grid rated frequency when the photovoltaic does not participate in frequency modulation at the moment t, and t is time.
This implementationIn the example, the step 2) further includes calculating the power system frequency variation delta F after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation based on a preset photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model2And a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system calculates the frequency variation delta F of the power system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation2The function expression of (a) is as follows:
ΔF2＝(ΔPEN+ΔP-ΔPD)/KG
in the above formula,. DELTA.PENThe output change of the photovoltaic power generation system when the environmental parameter changes, the delta P is the frequency modulation power of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation, and the delta P is the frequency modulation powerDAs a load variation, KGThe power frequency static characteristic coefficient of the conventional generator set.
As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment, step 2) is further followed by including a photovoltaic output variation Δ PPVLoad variation amount Δ PDUnder the condition that the difference between the two changes in step, the power system frequency variation delta F after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation is obtained according to a preset photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model2And generating a frequency characteristic curve containing the photovoltaic power generation system. Specifically, in this embodiment, the simulation event is set to be that the load active power increases by 9.5% in the 100 th second, the reactive power is unchanged, the total simulation time is set to be 200 seconds, and the frequency variation trend of the power system before and after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in the frequency modulation is shown in fig. 3.
As an optional implementation manner, in this embodiment, after the step 2), under the condition that the value E of the illumination intensity under the current environmental condition is changed due to the change of the illumination intensity, a frequency change amount Δ F of the power system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation, which is obtained according to a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system, is further included in the case that the value E of the illumination intensity under the current environmental condition is changed2And generating a frequency characteristic curve containing the photovoltaic power generation system. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the illumination intensity is set to 1000W/m2At the beginning of 30 th second, the light intensity was increased by 10W/m per second2The maximum illumination intensity is 1600W/m2The total simulation time is 200 seconds, and the frequency variation trend of the power system before and after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation is shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, before step 1), a step of establishing a frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system is further included:
and S1, establishing a photovoltaic array model.
S1.1, establishing a photovoltaic cell module model according to the electrical characteristics of the photovoltaic cell module, inputting the temperature T and the illumination intensity E of the photovoltaic cell module under the current environmental condition into the model, and outputting the maximum power point current and the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic cell module under the current environmental condition:
Figure BDA0003014038240000051
Figure BDA0003014038240000053
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure BDA0003014038240000054
and
Figure BDA0003014038240000055
respectively the maximum power point current and the maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic cell component under the current environmental condition and the standard environmental condition,
Figure BDA0003014038240000056
can be obtained by the battery pack parameters; t isref、ErefRespectively, the values of the temperature and the illumination intensity of the photovoltaic cell component under standard environmental conditions, wherein Tref＝25℃，Eref＝1000W/m2(ii) a Alpha, beta and gamma are compensation coefficients, and are respectively 0.0025 DEG C-1，0.0005m2/W，0.00288℃-1。
S1.2, establishing a photovoltaic cell I-V characteristic model, wherein the model is input into the port voltage V of the photovoltaic cell under the current conditionBaThe output is the output current I of the photovoltaic cellBa：
Figure BDA0003014038240000052
Figure BDA0003014038240000061
Figure BDA0003014038240000062
In the above formula, IscIs the short circuit current of the photovoltaic cell under standard conditions; vocIs the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic cell under standard conditions, C1And C2Is an intermediate variable.
S1.3, building a photovoltaic array model on the basis of the photovoltaic cell module model.
Carrying out series and parallel connection on the photovoltaic cell assemblies to form a photovoltaic array, and obtaining the maximum power point current I 'of the photovoltaic array when the series connection number of the cell assemblies is m and the parallel connection number is n'mMaximum power point voltage V'mRespectively as follows:
Figure BDA0003014038240000063
Figure BDA0003014038240000064
calculating the maximum output power P 'of the photovoltaic array under the current environmental condition according to the maximum output power P'm：
Figure BDA0003014038240000065
In the above formula, PmThe maximum output power of the photovoltaic array under standard conditions.
And S2, establishing a port voltage control model under the load shedding operation mode of the photovoltaic power generation system.
The control method of the virtual synchronizer is adopted to realize frequency modulation power control in the load shedding operation mode of the photovoltaic power generation system, and the model input quantity is the power grid frequency change quantity delta F when the photovoltaic is not involved in the frequency modulation1And when the environmental parameter changes, the maximum power point voltage V 'of the photovoltaic power generation system is not involved in frequency modulation'mAnd the initial load shedding level R of the photovoltaic power generation system outputs a photovoltaic array port voltage U:
Figure BDA0003014038240000066
U＝V′m(R+r(t)) (10)
in the above formula,. DELTA.F1＝F0-F，F0The rated frequency of the power grid is 50 Hz; r is the floating load shedding level of the photovoltaic power generation system and is determined according to a virtual synchronous machine control function; kpProportional link parameters of the PI controller are obtained; kiIntegrating link parameters for the PI controller; k is an inertia link parameter.
S3, establishing a frequency modulation characteristic model of the photovoltaic power generation system
Establishing a simple power system model containing a photovoltaic power generation system on the basis of S2; setting parameters of a photovoltaic power generation system, including voltage and current of a maximum power point of a photovoltaic cell assembly, the number of series-parallel connection of photovoltaic arrays, illumination intensity, ambient temperature and the like; and power system component parameters including power of generators and loads, transformation ratio and connection mode of transformers, nominal voltage of bus and photovoltaic array endpoints, and the like. And carrying out frequency modulation performance verification on the photovoltaic power generation system under the scenes of load step, illumination intensity change and the like. In this embodiment, the input quantity of the frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system is the initial output P of the photovoltaic power generation system0And when the environmental parameter changes, the maximum power point voltage V 'of the photovoltaic power generation system is not involved in frequency modulation'mPhotovoltaic array port voltage U, load change Δ P under current environmental conditionsDThe output quantity is frequency modulation power delta P and grid frequency variation delta F after the photovoltaic participates in the frequency modulation2：
Figure BDA0003014038240000072
Figure BDA0003014038240000073
ΔPPV＝ΔPEN+ΔP (13)
ΔPD＝ΔPPV+ΔPG (14)
Figure BDA0003014038240000071
Wherein Δ PGThe output power variation of the conventional generator set; pENThe output of the photovoltaic power generation system which does not participate in frequency modulation when the environmental parameters change; delta PENThe output of the photovoltaic power generation system changes when the environmental parameters change, IENAnd UENRespectively outputting current and port voltage of the photovoltaic power generation system which do not participate in frequency modulation when environmental parameters change, and outputting current function f by photovoltaic1Determining, referring to formula (3); delta PPVFor photovoltaic output variation, photovoltaic power PPVBy UENThe output voltage is the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation system which does not participate in frequency modulation when the environmental parameters change; kGThe power frequency static characteristic coefficient of the conventional generator set.
In summary, in the present embodiment, the process of establishing the frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system includes establishing a photovoltaic array model; establishing a photovoltaic power generation system model; establishing a port voltage control model under a load shedding operation mode of the photovoltaic power generation system; the method comprises the steps of establishing a photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation characteristic model, and carrying out frequency modulation characteristic verification under the scene of load step and illumination intensity change, through the process, the photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation characteristic model establishes the photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation performance and the influence on a power system, can realize correct modeling on the photovoltaic power generation system and verify the effectiveness of the photovoltaic power generation system adopting a related frequency modulation strategy, and can realize simulation on the condition that the photovoltaic power generation system participates in primary frequency modulation, so that the effectiveness of the photovoltaic power generation system modeling and the frequency modulation strategy is verified, and the photovoltaic energy consumption capacity and the safety and stability of the power system are improved. The method can be used for quantitatively researching the characteristic curve of the photovoltaic power generation system under the influence of parameters such as environmental temperature, illumination intensity and the like, improves the modeling accuracy of the photovoltaic power generation system, can quickly respond to various simulation events and participate in system frequency modulation, has practical significance for further researching the participation of the photovoltaic power generation system in frequency modulation, can quantitatively divide the frequency change of the system into two parts of environmental parameter influence and frequency modulation power influence, and is favorable for further evaluating the actual photovoltaic frequency modulation benefit influenced by various factors.
In addition, the present embodiment also provides an application system of a virtual synchronous machine controlled photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model, which includes a microprocessor and a memory connected to each other, where the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the foregoing virtual synchronous machine controlled photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model application method.
In addition, the present embodiment also provides a computer readable storage medium, in which a computer program programmed or configured to execute the foregoing method for applying the virtual synchronous machine controlled photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model is stored.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. The present application is directed to methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application wherein instructions, which execute via a flowchart and/or a processor of the computer program product, create means for implementing functions specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An application method of a photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model controlled by a virtual synchronizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) determining the maximum power point voltage V' when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation according to the temperature T and the value E of the illumination intensity under the current environmental conditionmA photovoltaic array port voltage U;
2) obtaining the maximum power point voltage V' when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulationmAnd calculating the frequency modulation power delta P of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation based on a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system on the basis of the voltage U of the port of the photovoltaic array.
2. The method for applying the virtual synchronous machine controlled photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model according to claim 1, wherein the functional expression of the frequency modulation power Δ P of the photovoltaic power generation system after participating in frequency modulation is calculated based on the preset photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model in step 2) is as follows:
ΔP＝n·f1(U/m)·U-n·f1(V′m·R/m)·(V′m·R/m)
in the above formula, n is the parallel number of the battery components in the photovoltaic power generation system, f1Is a photovoltaic output current function, U is a photovoltaic array port voltage, and m is the number of series-connected battery components, V', in the photovoltaic power generation systemmAnd R is the initial load shedding level of the photovoltaic power generation system.
3. The method for applying the frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system controlled by the virtual synchronizer according to claim 2, wherein the function f of the photovoltaic output current1The formula of the calculation function is:
Figure FDA0003014038230000011
in the above formula, IscIs the short-circuit current, V, of the battery pack under standard conditionsBaIs the battery pack port voltage, V, under the current conditionsocIs the open circuit voltage of the cell assembly under standard conditions, C1And C2Is an intermediate variable, Im BaAnd Vm BaRespectively, the maximum power point current and the maximum power point voltage of the battery pack under standard environmental conditions.
4. The method for applying the frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system controlled by the virtual synchronizer according to claim 1, wherein the maximum power point voltage V' at which the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in the frequency modulation in step 1) is set as the maximum power point voltage V ″mThe formula of the calculation function is:
Figure FDA0003014038230000012
in the above formula, Vm BaThe maximum power point voltage of the battery component under the standard environmental condition, gamma and beta are respectively different compensation coefficients, T is the temperature under the current environmental condition, and T is the temperature under the current environmental conditionrefIs the temperature under standard conditions, E is the value of the illumination intensity under the current environmental conditions, ErefThe value of the illumination intensity under the standard condition is m, and the serial number of the battery components in the photovoltaic power generation system is m.
5. The method for applying the frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system controlled by the virtual synchronizer according to claim 4, wherein the calculation function expression of the photovoltaic array port voltage U in the step 1) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003014038230000013
in the above formula, VmThe maximum power point voltage when the environmental parameter changes and the photovoltaic power generation system does not participate in frequency modulation, R is the initial load shedding level of the photovoltaic power generation system, KpAs proportional link parameter of PI controller, KiIs an integral link parameter of the PI controller, K is an inertia link parameter, and delta F1(t) grid frequency variation, Δ F, when the photovoltaic does not participate in frequency modulation at time t1(t)＝F0-F, wherein F0And F is the power grid rated frequency when the photovoltaic does not participate in frequency modulation at the moment t, and t is time.
6. The method for applying the virtual synchronous machine controlled photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) further comprises calculating the power system frequency variation quantity delta F after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation based on a preset photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model2And a preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system calculates the frequency variation delta F of the power system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation2The function expression of (a) is as follows:
ΔF2＝(ΔPEN+ΔP-ΔPD)/KG
in the above formula,. DELTA.PENThe output change of the photovoltaic power generation system when the environmental parameter changes, the delta P is the frequency modulation power of the photovoltaic power generation system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation, and the delta P is the frequency modulation powerDAs a load variation, KGThe power frequency static characteristic coefficient of the conventional generator set.
7. The method for applying the virtual synchronous machine controlled photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model according to claim 6, wherein the step 2) is followed by further comprising the step of applying the photovoltaic output variation Δ PPVLoad power variation amount Δ PDUnder the condition that the difference between the two changes in step, the power system frequency variation delta F after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation is obtained according to a preset photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model2And generating a frequency characteristic curve containing the photovoltaic power generation system.
8. The method for applying the virtual synchronizer-controlled frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, wherein the step 2) is followed by controlling the frequency variation delta F of the power system after the photovoltaic power generation system participates in frequency modulation, which is obtained according to the preset frequency modulation model of the photovoltaic power generation system, under the condition that the illumination intensity value E under the current environmental condition changes under the condition that the illumination intensity changes2And generating a frequency characteristic curve containing the photovoltaic power generation system.
9. An application system of a virtual synchronous machine controlled photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model, which comprises a microprocessor and a memory which are connected with each other, and is characterized in that the microprocessor is programmed or configured to execute the steps of the application method of the virtual synchronous machine controlled photovoltaic power generation system frequency modulation model according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, which is programmed or configured to execute a method for applying a virtual synchronous machine controlled frequency modulation model of a photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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