CN113078654A - Method for suppressing low-frequency ripple of direct-current side voltage of parallel active power filter - Google Patents

Method for suppressing low-frequency ripple of direct-current side voltage of parallel active power filter Download PDF

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CN113078654A
CN113078654A CN202110333796.2A CN202110333796A CN113078654A CN 113078654 A CN113078654 A CN 113078654A CN 202110333796 A CN202110333796 A CN 202110333796A CN 113078654 A CN113078654 A CN 113078654A
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active power
direct
current side
frequency
voltage
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周娟
徐高祥
原亚雷
钊翔坤
李京泽
赵思涵
王莉
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1835Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
    • H02J3/1842Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/20Active power filtering [APF]

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  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting low-frequency ripples of direct-current side voltage of a parallel active power filter, and belongs to the field of power electronic control. The method comprises the following steps: step 1: a bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuit is connected in parallel at the direct current side of the traditional parallel active power filter; step 2: by controlling the bidirectional Buck circuit, the low-frequency fluctuating power of the direct-current side of the active power filter is transferred to the auxiliary capacitor, so that the low-frequency ripple suppression of the direct-current side voltage of the active power filter is realized. The active power decoupling technology is used for inhibiting the fluctuation of 6-frequency multiplication, 12-frequency multiplication, 18-frequency multiplication and 24-frequency multiplication of the direct-current side voltage of the parallel active power filter, so that a low-pass filter in the direct-current side voltage control link of the active power filter is omitted, and the corresponding speed of the system is improved. In addition, the traditional electrolytic capacitor can be replaced by the thin-film capacitor with a small capacitance value under the condition of small voltage fluctuation on the direct current side, and the reliability of the system is improved.

Description

Method for suppressing low-frequency ripple of direct-current side voltage of parallel active power filter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power electronic control, in particular to a method for inhibiting low-frequency ripples of direct-current side voltage of a parallel active power filter.
Background
With the development of power electronic technology, a plurality of nonlinear loads such as a rectifier, an inverter, an uninterruptible power supply and an arc furnace in a power distribution system are increased, and the harmonic pollution of a power grid is increased. Harmonic waves can cause problems of transformer overheating, protection equipment failure, harmonic resonance, communication network interference and the like, and in addition, with the development of science and technology and industry, large-capacity reactive equipment such as high-power motors and transformers appear in an electric power system, so that the power factor of a power grid is low. The low power factor can cause the problems of increased line loss, reduced power grid efficiency, even grid breakdown and the like. The parallel active power filter (SAPF) can effectively solve the harmonic pollution of a power grid, improve the power factor of the power grid, improve the electric energy quality of the power grid, can be easily disconnected from the power grid when a fault occurs, does not influence the operation of other equipment, and is widely applied to a power system at present.
The direct-current side voltage of the SAPF has the inherent low-frequency fluctuation problems of 6 frequency multiplication, 12 frequency multiplication, 18 frequency multiplication and the like, the traditional method is that an electrolytic capacitor with a large capacitance value is connected in parallel with the direct-current side of the SAPF to reduce fluctuation, but the electrolytic capacitor with the large capacitance value influences the response speed of a system, and in addition, the fluctuation current frequently charges and discharges the capacitor, so that the volatilization of electrolyte and the aging of the capacitor are accelerated, and the reliability of the device is seriously influenced; meanwhile, in the step of controlling the voltage at the direct current side, in order to avoid the influence of the fluctuating voltage at the direct current side on the output current of the SAPF, a low-pass filter with a very low cut-off frequency needs to be added, so that the response speed of the system is reduced to a great extent.
At present, a small number of scholars suppress the fluctuation of the voltage on the direct current side of the SAPF by introducing a resonant controller, but the effect is very little, and meanwhile, certain influence is generated on the output current of the SAPF. According to the invention, from the perspective of a topological structure, based on an active power decoupling technology, the fluctuation power of the SAPF direct current side is transferred to an auxiliary capacitor, so that the fluctuation suppression of the voltage of the SAPF direct current side is realized, the voltage of the SAPF direct current side only contains direct current components and higher harmonic components finally, and thus, a traditional large-capacitance electrolytic capacitor can be replaced by a small-capacitance film capacitor, and the reliability of the device is improved; meanwhile, a low-pass filter is eliminated in a direct-current side voltage control link, and the response speed of the system is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for inhibiting low-frequency ripples of direct-current side voltage of a parallel active power filter based on an active power decoupling technology. The specific technical implementation scheme is as follows:
a method for suppressing low-frequency ripples of direct-current side voltage of a parallel active power filter comprises the following steps:
step 1: a bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuit is connected in parallel at the direct current side of the traditional parallel active power filter;
step 2: by controlling the bidirectional Buck circuit, the low-frequency fluctuating power of the direct-current side of the active power filter is transferred to the auxiliary capacitor, so that the low-frequency ripple suppression of the direct-current side voltage of the active power filter is realized.
Further, the specific method for connecting the bidirectional Buck-type active power decoupling circuit in parallel in the step 1 includes:
two full-control devices T1 and T2 and a decoupling inductor L are added on the direct current side of the traditional parallel active power filterrAnd two thin film capacitors CrAnd CdAfter T1 and T2 are connected in series, the two ends are respectively connected to a direct current bus, CrThrough LrThe midpoint of the two-way Buck type active power decoupling circuit is connected between T1 and T2 to form a bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuit, CdIs used to replace conventional electrolytic capacitors.
Further, the control method of the bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuit in the step 2 is as follows:
will decouple the inductor current iLrWith a given value i thereofLr *Making difference, and carrying out normalization processing on the difference value after passing through a plurality of PR controllers to obtain a modulation wave u of the bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuitfAccording to ufBased on PWM technique pairT1 and T2.
Further, obtaining a given value i of decoupling inductance currentLr *The specific method comprises the following steps:
the auxiliary capacitor voltage urWith a given value u thereofr *Making a difference, and obtaining i after the difference value passes through a PI controllerr *(ii) a Direct side current idcAfter passing through a band-pass filter, i is obtainedd *(ii) a Will ir *And id *Adding to obtain the given value i of the decoupling inductive currentLr *
Further, the Buck type active power decoupling circuit modulation wave u is obtainedfThe specific method comprises the following steps:
will use the output u of the current controllerroSubtracting the auxiliary capacitor voltage urThe obtained difference is divided by the DC side voltage udcThe quotient is the modulation wave u of the Buck type active power decoupling circuitf
Further, the multi-PR controller of the current control link specifically includes:
a proportional controller, a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 600 pi, a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 1200 pi, a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 1800 pi and a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 2400 pi.
Further, the band-pass filter of the decoupling current given value calculation link specifically includes:
a band-pass filter with a resonance frequency of 600 pi, a band-pass filter with a resonance frequency of 1200 pi, a band-pass filter with a resonance frequency of 1800 pi and a band-pass filter with a resonance frequency of 2400 pi.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention can well inhibit the low-frequency ripple of the voltage at the direct current side of the active power filter, thereby replacing the traditional electrolytic capacitor with large capacitance value by the thin-film capacitor with small capacitance value, improving the response speed of the system and increasing the reliability of the device;
2) the active power decoupling-based low-pass filter based on the active power decoupling technology carries out fluctuation suppression on the direct-current side voltage of the active power filter, eliminates the low-pass filter in the direct-current side voltage control link, and improves the response speed of the system. In addition, an independent active power decoupling circuit is adopted, the control of the independent active power decoupling circuit is separated from the control of the active power filter, and the independent active power decoupling circuit has the characteristics of simplicity in control and easiness in implementation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a dc side voltage low frequency ripple suppression circuit and a control schematic of an active power filter according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the voltage variation of the dc side of the active power filter before and after the active power decoupling control is applied.
Fig. 3 shows the current change of the power grid before and after the active power decoupling control is applied.
Fig. 4 is a dc side voltage FFT analysis when no active power decoupling control is applied.
Fig. 5 is a direct current side voltage FFT analysis when active power decoupling is applied for 6-fold frequency fluctuation suppression.
Fig. 6 shows FFT analysis of the dc side voltage when active power decoupling is applied for 6-frequency multiplication and 12-frequency multiplication fluctuation suppression.
Fig. 7 is a direct current side voltage FFT analysis when active power decoupling is applied for 6-frequency multiplication, 12-frequency multiplication, 18-frequency multiplication, and 24-frequency multiplication fluctuation suppression.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms, and that there is no intention to limit the invention to the specific embodiments illustrated, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments shown in the attached drawings and described below.
Fig. 1 shows an SAPF system with a dc-side voltage low-frequency ripple suppression function and a control schematic diagram of the SAPF system, including a three-phase power grid, a harmonic load, a three-phase filter inductor, a three-phase inverter, and a bidirectional Buck-type active power decoupling circuit. The bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuit specifically comprises two full-control type devices T1 and T2 and a decoupling inductor LrAnd a thin film capacitor CrT1 and T2 connected in seriesThe latter two ends are respectively connected to a DC bus, CrThrough LrThe middle points of the T1 and the T2 are connected to form a bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuit, and a thin-film capacitor C with a small capacitance value is used on the direct current sidedInstead of the conventional electrolytic capacitor. The Buck type active power decoupling circuit is connected in parallel to the direct current side of the SAPF, and the control of the Buck type active power decoupling circuit is independent from the control of the SAPF, so that the operation of the SAPF cannot be influenced.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
based on an independent active power decoupling technology, the invention transfers the 6-frequency, 12-frequency, 18-frequency and 24-frequency wave power of the SAPF direct current side to the auxiliary capacitor C by controlling the bidirectional Buck active power decoupling circuitrOn, thereby eliminate the ripple voltage of corresponding number of times in the SAPF direct current side voltage for only contain direct current composition and other less higher harmonic composition of amplitude in the SAPF direct current side voltage, realize utilizing the film capacitor of little appearance value to replace traditional big appearance value electrolytic capacitor, increase the reliability of device, simultaneously, eliminate low pass filter in direct current side voltage control link, promote system's response speed.
Ideally, the grid-connected point voltage only contains a positive-sequence fundamental component, and assuming that the initial phase angle of the voltage of the a-phase grid is 0, the three-phase voltage of the grid-connected point can be represented as:
Figure BDA0002996496170000031
wherein, UsIs u ofsx(x is a, b, c). Considering only the 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 25 th harmonics with larger harmonic amplitudes in the load current, the SAPF output three-phase current expression can be set as:
Figure BDA0002996496170000032
according to the instantaneous power theory, the three-phase instantaneous power output by the SAPF is as follows:
E3:p=pa+pb+pc=usaioa+usbiob+uscioc
combining E1, E2 and E3, the instantaneous power on the AC side of SAPF can be calculated as:
Figure BDA0002996496170000033
E4:
Figure BDA0002996496170000034
it can be seen from E4 that the instantaneous power at the ac side of the SAPF includes the fluctuating powers of 6 times, 12 times, 18 times and 24 times, and according to the law of conservation of energy, there is also fluctuating power at the dc side of the SAPF by a corresponding number of times, resulting in low-frequency ripple at the dc side voltage by a corresponding number of times. In order to suppress the voltage fluctuation on the direct current side, the fluctuation power needs to be transferred to the auxiliary capacitor by controlling the bidirectional Buck circuit.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an SAPF system with a dc-side voltage low-frequency ripple suppression function and a control method thereof according to the present invention, wherein the low-frequency ripple suppression method includes:
by controlling the bidirectional Buck circuit, the low-frequency fluctuating power of the direct-current side of the active power filter is transferred to the auxiliary capacitor, so that the low-frequency ripple suppression of the direct-current side voltage of the active power filter is realized.
Further, the control method of the bidirectional Buck active power decoupling circuit comprises the following steps:
will decouple the inductor current iLrWith a given value i thereofLr *Making difference, and carrying out normalization processing on the difference value after passing through a plurality of PR controllers to obtain a modulation wave u of the bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuitfAccording to ufT1 and T2 are driven based on PWM techniques.
Further, obtaining a given value i of decoupling inductance currentLr *The specific method comprises the following steps:
the auxiliary capacitor voltage urWith a given value u thereofr *Making a difference, and obtaining i after the difference value passes through a PI controllerr *(ii) a Direct currentSide current idcAfter passing through a band-pass filter, i is obtainedd *(ii) a Will ir *And id *Adding to obtain the given value i of the decoupling inductive currentLr *
Further, the Buck type active power decoupling circuit modulation wave u is obtainedfThe specific method comprises the following steps:
will use the output u of the current controllerroSubtracting the auxiliary capacitor voltage urThe obtained difference is divided by the DC side voltage udcThe quotient is the modulation wave u of the Buck type active power decoupling circuitf
Further, the multi-PR controller of the current control link specifically includes:
a proportional controller, a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 600 pi, a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 1200 pi, a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 1800 pi and a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 2400 pi.
Further, the band-pass filter of the decoupling current given value calculation link specifically includes:
a band-pass filter with the resonant frequency of 600 pi, a band-pass filter with the resonant frequency of 1200 pi, a band-pass filter with the resonant frequency of 1800 pi and a band-pass filter with the resonant frequency of 2400 pi can realize decoupling control on double frequency power, so that double frequency fluctuation of the voltage on the direct current side of the H-bridge module is reduced.
The control method is designed according to the process, a Matlab/Simulink is utilized to carry out a simulation experiment, the effectiveness of the method is verified, and simulation parameters are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 simulation parameters
Figure BDA0002996496170000041
FIG. 2 shows the voltage u on the DC side of the SAPFdcIn the variation situation, no active power decoupling circuit is put in before 0.1s, the active power decoupling circuit is put in at 0.1s, and only 6 frequency multiplication is put in 0.1 s-0.2 sThe wave controller, the 6 frequency doubling and 12 frequency doubling wave controllers are put in 0.2 s-0.3 s, and all the controllers are put in 0.3s later. It can be seen that when the active power decoupling circuit is not put into use, the voltage at the direct current side has large fluctuation, and the fluctuation amplitude is about 20V; voltage fluctuation is reduced within 0.1 s-0.2 s, and the fluctuation amplitude is about 8V; the voltage fluctuation of the direct current side is further reduced within 0.2 s-0.3 s, and the fluctuation is about 3V at the moment; the DC side voltage of 0.3 s-0.4 s is almost a straight line, only contains some higher harmonics, and the fluctuation amplitude is about 1V. It can be seen that the method for suppressing voltage fluctuation on the direct current side of the SAPF can well suppress voltage fluctuation on the direct current side of the SAPF, and meanwhile, the direct current side voltage response is fast. In addition, according to the value of the traditional SAPF capacitance, the direct current side capacitance value is about 5000 muF, and the direct current side capacitance value in the SAPF system is only 150 muF and is about 3 percent of the traditional SAPF capacitance value.
Fig. 3 shows the change situation of the power grid current, a low-pass filter is not added in the direct-current side voltage control link, and before 0.1s, due to the fact that the direct-current side voltage has large fluctuation, new harmonic current is injected into the power grid by the SAPF, and at the moment, the power grid current is seriously distorted; 0.1 s-0.2 s, and the current distortion of the power grid is reduced along with the reduction of the voltage fluctuation of the direct current side; the voltage fluctuation of the direct current side is further reduced by 0.2 s-0.3 s, and the current distortion of the power grid is further reduced; 0.3 s-0.4 s, the current of the power grid is almost close to sine wave. The SAPF direct-current side voltage fluctuation degree seriously influences the current quality of a power grid, and the SAPF direct-current side voltage fluctuation suppression method can eliminate a low-pass filter of a direct-current side voltage control link and ensure the current quality of the power grid.
Fig. 4 shows the FFT analysis of the dc side voltage before 0.1s, and it can be seen that the dc side voltage contains the larger harmonics of 6, 12, 18 and 24, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis.
Fig. 5 shows FFT analysis of the dc-side voltage at 0.1s to 0.2s with a 6-fold ripple controller, and it can be seen that 6 ripples in the dc-side voltage are suppressed at this time.
Fig. 6 shows FFT analysis of the dc-side voltage at 0.2s to 0.3s when a 6-frequency and 12-frequency ripple controller is applied, and it can be seen that 6-time and 12-time ripples in the dc-side voltage are suppressed at this time.
Fig. 7 shows 0.3 s-0.4 s, FFT analysis of the dc-side voltage when put into all the ripple controllers, and it can be seen that the fluctuations of the dc-side voltage at this time are suppressed for 6 times, 12 times, 18 times and 24 times, which illustrates the effectiveness of the method for suppressing the low-frequency ripple of the SAPF dc-side voltage of the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are presently preferred, and are possible examples of implementations, provided solely for a clear understanding of the principles of the invention. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing substantially from the spirit and principles of the technology described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous changes and modifications may be made without departing substantially from the principles of the invention, and that such changes and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for suppressing low-frequency ripple of direct-current side voltage of a parallel active power filter is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: a bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuit is connected in parallel at the direct current side of the traditional parallel active power filter;
step 2: by controlling the bidirectional Buck circuit, the low-frequency fluctuating power of the direct-current side of the active power filter is transferred to the auxiliary capacitor, so that the low-frequency ripple suppression of the direct-current side voltage of the active power filter is realized.
2. The method for suppressing the low-frequency ripple of the voltage at the direct current side of the parallel active power filter according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for connecting the bidirectional Buck-type active power decoupling circuit in parallel in the step 1 is as follows:
two full-control devices T1 and T2 and a decoupling inductor L are added on the direct current side of the traditional parallel active power filterrAnd two thin film capacitors CrAnd CdAfter T1 and T2 are connected in series, the two ends are respectively connected to a direct current bus, CrThrough LrAt the midpoint of the connections T1 and T2Form a bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuit, CdIs used to replace conventional electrolytic capacitors.
3. The method for suppressing the low-frequency ripple of the voltage at the direct current side of the parallel active power filter according to claim 1, wherein the control method of the bidirectional Buck active power decoupling circuit in the step 2 comprises:
will decouple the inductor current iLrWith a given value i thereofLr *Making difference, and carrying out normalization processing on the difference value after passing through a plurality of PR controllers to obtain a modulation wave u of the bidirectional Buck type active power decoupling circuitfAccording to ufT1 and T2 are driven based on PWM techniques.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the given value of decoupling inductance current i is obtainedLr *The specific method comprises the following steps:
the auxiliary capacitor voltage urWith a given value u thereofr *Making a difference, and obtaining i after the difference value passes through a PI controllerr *(ii) a Direct side current idcAfter passing through a band-pass filter, i is obtainedd *(ii) a Will ir *And id *Adding to obtain the given value i of the decoupling inductive currentLr *
5. The method for suppressing low-frequency ripple of DC side voltage of parallel active power filter as claimed in claim 3, wherein said obtaining Buck type active power decoupling circuit modulation wave ufThe specific method comprises the following steps:
using the output u of the current controllerroSubtracting the auxiliary capacitor voltage urThe obtained difference is divided by the DC side voltage udcThe quotient is the modulation wave u of the Buck type active power decoupling circuitf
6. The method for suppressing the low-frequency ripple of the voltage on the direct current side of the parallel active power filter according to claim 3, wherein the multi-PR controller of the current control link specifically comprises:
a proportional controller, a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 600 pi, a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 1200 pi, a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 1800 pi and a resonance controller with a resonance frequency of 2400 pi.
7. The method for suppressing the low-frequency ripple of the voltage at the direct current side of the parallel active power filter according to claim 4, wherein the band-pass filter of the decoupling current given value calculation link specifically comprises:
a band-pass filter with a resonance frequency of 600 pi, a band-pass filter with a resonance frequency of 1200 pi, a band-pass filter with a resonance frequency of 1800 pi and a band-pass filter with a resonance frequency of 2400 pi.
CN202110333796.2A 2021-03-29 2021-03-29 Method for suppressing low-frequency ripple of direct-current side voltage of parallel active power filter Pending CN113078654A (en)

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