CN113075787A - Compact optical system - Google Patents
Compact optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113075787A CN113075787A CN202110350318.2A CN202110350318A CN113075787A CN 113075787 A CN113075787 A CN 113075787A CN 202110350318 A CN202110350318 A CN 202110350318A CN 113075787 A CN113075787 A CN 113075787A
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- mirror
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0626—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using three curved mirrors
- G02B17/0642—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using three curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in which not all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry, e.g. at least one of the mirrors is warped, tilted or decentered with respect to the other elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/023—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system for extending or folding an optical path, e.g. delay lines
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Abstract
The invention provides a compact optical system, which comprises a primary mirror and a secondary mirror, wherein the secondary mirror is arranged in the reflection direction of the primary mirror, the compact optical system also comprises a three-mirror and a composite mirror which are respectively arranged at two sides of the primary mirror in the radial direction and positioned in front of the primary mirror, the composite mirror is in a trapezoidal structure and comprises a first reflection area and a second reflection area, the first reflection area and the second reflection area are provided with light beam overlapping areas, and incident light enters a subsequent light path after sequentially passing through the primary mirror, the secondary mirror, the first reflection area, the three-mirror and the second reflection area. Compared with the traditional long-focus optical system, the invention can reduce the sizes of the optical system in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and realize the compact layout of the optical path structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a compact optical system with multiple combined mirrors.
Background
To achieve high resolution imaging, long focal length optical systems need to be designed. In the long-focus optical system, the distance between the mirrors in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction needs to be increased, which results in an increase in the overall size of the optical system, and consequently, the size of the system supporting structure is increased, which results in an increase in the overall size and weight of the optical camera. Because the accommodation space and the bearing weight of the satellite platform have severe requirements, the increase of the volume and the weight has increased requirements on the launching and carrying capacity of the space camera.
In order to realize high-resolution imaging, a long-focus optical system needs to be designed, and the structure of the long-focus optical system is as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the long focus of the optical system is realized by increasing the spacing distance of each reflector in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, but the overall volume of the optical system is increased, and the size of the optical system supporting structural member is also increased, so that the overall volume and weight of the optical camera are increased. Because the accommodation space and the carrying weight of the satellite platform are critical, the overall size and weight of the optical camera are increased, which increases the burden.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compact optical system, which reduces the whole volume of the optical system through compact optical path structural design and application of a compound mirror without increasing the burden of accommodating space and bearing weight of a satellite platform.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
the invention provides a compact optical system which comprises a primary mirror and a secondary mirror, wherein the secondary mirror is arranged in the reflection direction of the primary mirror, the compact optical system also comprises a three-mirror and a composite mirror which are respectively arranged at two sides of the primary mirror in the radial direction and positioned in front of the primary mirror, the composite mirror is in a trapezoidal structure and comprises a first reflection area and a second reflection area, the first reflection area and the second reflection area are provided with light beam overlapping areas, and incident light enters a subsequent light path after sequentially passing through the primary mirror, the secondary mirror, the first reflection area, the three-mirror and the second reflection area.
Preferably, the first folding mirror and the second folding mirror are distributed on the front side and the rear side of the primary mirror, and the second folding mirror and the imaging detector are distributed along the radial direction of the primary mirror.
Preferably, rectangular aperture diaphragms are respectively arranged on a light path between the secondary mirror and the first reflecting area and a light path between the third mirror and the second reflecting area, so that light beams reflected by the first reflecting area and the second reflecting area are both rectangular, and the size of the light beam reflected by the first reflecting area is larger than that of the light beam reflected by the second reflecting area.
Preferably, the length of the light beam reflected by the first reflection region is a, the width is b, the length of the light beam reflected by the second reflection region is c, the width is d, the width of the overlapping region of the two light beams is e, and then the lower base l of the trapezoidal structure of the compound mirror isaA + Δ a, the upper base l of the trapezoidal structure of the compound mirrorcC + Δ c, height l of the trapezoidal structure of the compound mirrorhB + d-e + Δ h; wherein, Delta a, Delta c and Delta h are respectively margin margins of the trapezoidal structure of the composite mirror and are all more than or equal to 2 mm.
Preferably, the subsequent optical path includes a first folding mirror, a second folding mirror and an imaging detector, and the reflected light of the second reflection area of the composite mirror enters the first folding mirror, is reflected to the second folding mirror by the first folding mirror, and is reflected to the focal plane of the imaging detector by the second folding mirror.
Preferably, the first folding mirror, the second folding mirror and the imaging detector are all arranged around the composite mirror, the first folding mirror is located in front of the composite mirror, and the second folding mirror and the imaging detector are located behind the primary mirror.
Preferably, the primary mirror, the secondary mirror and the third mirror are aspheric mirrors, and the composite mirror, the first folding mirror and the second folding mirror are plane mirrors.
Preferably, the imaging detector is a CCD detector or a CMOS detector.
The invention can obtain the following technical effects:
1. the three mirrors, the composite mirror, the first folding mirror, the second folding mirror and the imaging detector are distributed on two radial sides of the primary mirror, so that the sizes of the optical system in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are reduced, and the compact layout of the optical path structure is realized.
2. Through twice reflection multiplexing of the composite mirror, the number of the reflecting mirrors is reduced, and the sizes of the optical system in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are further reduced.
3. The composite mirror is designed into a trapezoidal structure with a light beam overlapping area, so that the trapezoidal structure is continuous in connection relative to all parts of the T-shaped structure while the size is ensured to be small enough, and the composite mirror has good mechanical property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional long-focus optical system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another conventional long-focus optical system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a compact optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a composite mirror according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals include: the device comprises a main mirror 1, a secondary mirror 2, a three-mirror 3, a composite mirror 4, a first reflecting area 41, a second reflecting area 42, a first folding mirror 5, a second folding mirror 6 and an imaging detector 7.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 3 shows the structure of a compact optical system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the compact optical system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a primary mirror 1, a secondary mirror 2, a tertiary mirror 3, a composite mirror 4, a first folding mirror 5, a second folding mirror 6 and an imaging detector 7; the secondary mirror 2 is arranged in the reflection direction of the primary mirror 1, the composite mirror 4 is arranged in the reflection direction of the secondary mirror 2, the composite mirror 4 is provided with a first reflection area 41 and a second reflection area 42, the three mirrors 3 are arranged in the reflection direction of the first reflection area 41, the first folding mirror 5 is arranged in the reflection direction of the second reflection area 42, the second folding mirror 6 is arranged in the reflection direction of the first folding mirror 5, and the imaging detector 7 is arranged in the reflection direction of the second folding mirror 6.
Incident light enters the primary mirror 1 from a light inlet of the compact optical system, is reflected to the secondary mirror 2 through the primary mirror 1, is reflected to the composite mirror 4 through the secondary mirror 2, is reflected to the three-mirror 3 through a first reflection area 41 of the composite mirror 4, is reflected to the composite mirror 4 through the three-mirror 3, is reflected to the first folding mirror 5 through a second reflection area 42 of the composite mirror 4, is reflected to the second folding mirror 6 through the first folding mirror 5, and is reflected to a focal plane of the imaging detector 7 through the second folding mirror 6 for imaging.
In order to realize the compact layout of the optical path structure, the three mirrors 3 are arranged on one radial side of the primary mirror 1, the composite mirror 4, the first folding mirror 5, the second folding mirror 6 and the imaging detector 7 are respectively arranged on the other radial side of the primary mirror 1, the first folding mirror 5 is positioned on the front side of the primary mirror 1, the second folding mirror 6 and the imaging detector 7 are distributed on the rear side of the primary mirror 1 and are arranged along the radial direction of the primary mirror 1, the size of the whole optical system is respectively reduced in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the purpose of reducing the whole volume of the optical system is achieved, and the compact layout of the optical path structure is realized.
In order to further reduce the size of the whole optical system in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the invention adopts a compound mirror and replaces two mirrors in a reflection multiplexing mode to realize twice reflection of light beams, thereby reducing the number of used mirrors and further reducing the size of the whole optical system in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
In order to ensure that the size of the compound mirror 4 is sufficiently small, while ensuring that the entire optical system is spatially more compact, the first reflection region 41 and the second reflection region 42 of the compound mirror 4 are designed to have a region where the light beams overlap, that is, a region where the light beam reflected from the first reflection region 41 to the third mirror 3 (i.e., the light beam reflected from the secondary mirror 2 to the first reflection region 41) and the light beam reflected from the second reflection region 42 to the first folding mirror 5 (also, the light beam reflected from the third mirror 3 to the second reflection region 42) partially overlap. The size of the compound mirror 4 is reduced by the arrangement of the beam overlap region.
FIG. 4 illustrates the structure of a compound mirror according to one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the size of the light beam reflected from the first reflection area 41 to the three mirrors 3 is a × b, a is the length, b is the width, the size of the light beam reflected from the second reflection area 42 to the first folding mirror 5 is c × d, c is the length, d is the width, and the width of the overlapping area of the light beams is e.
The size of the beam overlapping area is mainly determined by the positions and angles of the secondary mirror 2, the tertiary mirror 3, the compound mirror 4 and the first folding mirror 5.
A rectangular aperture stop is provided on the optical path between the secondary mirror 2 and the composite mirror 4 to limit the light beam reflected from the secondary mirror 2 to the first reflection area 41 to a rectangular shape. Similarly, a rectangular aperture stop is also provided on the optical path between the three mirrors 3 and the compound mirror 4, and the light beam reflected from the three mirrors 3 to the second reflection area 42 is limited to a rectangular shape.
Since the three mirrors 3 have a converging action, the size of the light beam reflected from the three mirrors 3 to the second reflection area 42 is compressed, i.e., the size of the light beam reflected from the secondary mirror 2 to the first reflection area 41 is larger than the size of the light beam reflected from the three mirrors 3 to the second reflection area 42.
Based on the fact that the shapes of the light beams reflected twice by the composite mirror 4 are both rectangular, the shape of the composite mirror 4 is designed to be trapezoidal, that is, the area of the first reflection region 41 is larger than that of the second reflection region 42, then:
lower base l of the ladder structure of the compound mirror 4a＝a+Δa；
Upper base l of the ladder structure of the compound mirror 4c＝c+Δc；
Height l of the ladder structure of the compound mirror 4h＝b+d-e+Δh。
Wherein, Δ a, Δ c, Δ h are respectively margin margins of the trapezoid structure of the composite mirror 4, and the sizes of Δ a, Δ c, Δ h are not less than 2 mm.
The composite mirror 4 is designed into a trapezoidal structure, and compared with the T-shaped structure, the composite mirror is continuous in connection of all parts and has good mechanical property.
In one example of the present invention, the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 2 are each a second order aspherical mirror, the tertiary mirror 3 is a higher order aspherical mirror, and the compound mirror 4, the first folding mirror 5, and the second folding mirror 6 are each a plane mirror.
In another example of the present invention, the imaging detector 7 is a CCD detector or a CMOS detector.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "another example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The above embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A compact optical system comprises a primary mirror and a secondary mirror, wherein the secondary mirror is arranged in the reflection direction of the primary mirror, the compact optical system is characterized by further comprising a third mirror and a composite mirror which are respectively arranged on two radial sides of the primary mirror and located in front of the primary mirror, the composite mirror is of a trapezoidal structure and comprises a first reflection area and a second reflection area, the first reflection area and the second reflection area are provided with light beam overlapping areas, and incident light sequentially passes through the primary mirror, the secondary mirror, the first reflection area, the third mirror and the second reflection area and then enters a subsequent light path.
2. The compact optical system according to claim 1, wherein the first folding mirror and the second folding mirror are disposed on front and rear sides of the primary mirror, and the second folding mirror and the imaging detector are disposed in a radial direction of the primary mirror.
3. The compact optical system according to claim 1, wherein rectangular aperture stops are respectively disposed on the optical path between the secondary mirror and the first reflective region and the optical path between the third mirror and the second reflective region, so that the light beams reflected by the first reflective region and the second reflective region are both rectangular, and the size of the light beam reflected by the first reflective region is larger than that of the light beam reflected by the second reflective region.
4. The compact optical system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the length of the light beam reflected by the first reflection region is a and the width thereof is b, the length of the light beam reflected by the second reflection region is c and the width thereof is d, and the width of the overlapping area of the two light beams is e, then the lower base of the trapezoidal structure of the compound mirror is laA + Δ a, the upper base l of the trapezoidal structure of the composite mirrorcC + Δ c, height l of the trapezoidal structure of the composite mirrorhB + d-e + Δ h; wherein, Delta a, Delta c and Delta h are respectively the margin of the trapezoidal structure of the composite mirror and are all more than or equal to 2 mm.
5. The compact optical system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the subsequent optical path comprises a first folding mirror, a second folding mirror and an imaging detector, and the reflected light from the second reflection region of the composite mirror is incident on the first folding mirror, reflected by the first folding mirror to the second folding mirror, and reflected by the second folding mirror to the focal plane of the imaging detector.
6. The compact optical system according to claim 5, wherein the first folding mirror, the second folding mirror, and the imaging detector are all disposed around the composite mirror, and the first folding mirror is located in front of the composite mirror, and the second folding mirror and the imaging detector are located behind the primary mirror.
7. The compact optical system according to claim 5, wherein the primary mirror, the secondary mirror, and the tertiary mirror are each aspheric mirrors, and the compound mirror, the first folding mirror, and the second folding mirror are each planar mirrors.
8. The compact optical system of claim 5, wherein said imaging detector is a CCD detector or a CMOS detector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110350318.2A CN113075787A (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Compact optical system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110350318.2A CN113075787A (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Compact optical system |
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| CN113075787A true CN113075787A (en) | 2021-07-06 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117170078A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Reflection type zoom afocal optical system |
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| CN109283671A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-29 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of quasi-coaxial five reflecting optical system of the low distortion of light and small-sized big angular field |
| CN112230409A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-15 | 北京空间机电研究所 | High-efficiency visible-infrared co-aperture off-axis optical system |
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2021
- 2021-03-31 CN CN202110350318.2A patent/CN113075787A/en active Pending
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| CN104035192A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-10 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Quasi coaxial small-distortion long-focus four-reflection optical system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117170078A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Reflection type zoom afocal optical system |
| CN117170078B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-01-12 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Reflection type zoom afocal optical system |
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