CN113075263A - Calibration device for CO gas sensor - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application relates to a CO gas sensor calibration device, the device includes: the device comprises a gas resonant cavity, a sensor cabin for placing a calibrated sensor, a gas inlet, a gas outlet, an electromagnetic valve, a resonant driving source, an ultrasonic receiver and a main controller; the sensor cabin is fixed on the gas resonant cavity through a screw hole, the gas inlet, the gas outlet, the resonant driving source and the ultrasonic receiver are connected with the gas resonant cavity through electromagnetic valves, and the main controller is connected with the calibrated sensor. The rapid permeation of the calibrated CO gas in the calibration device of the CO gas sensor in a short time is realized, the gas diffusion rate is improved, and the calibration precision of the sensor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of gas calibration, in particular to a calibration device for a CO gas sensor.
Background
With the progress of science and technology, gas sensors are widely applied to the fields of industry, transportation, medical treatment, environment and the like. A gas sensor is a transducer that converts a certain gas volume fraction into a corresponding electrical signal, with an operating range that is optimal for performance. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the gas sensor, the gas sensor produced in a factory needs to be calibrated before leaving the factory to calibrate the read value of the gas sensor. However, in the conventional gas calibration system, due to the complex pipeline welding process, the long permeation time and the uneven diffusion of the calibration gas entering the pipeline caused by the long-time use of the pipeline to adsorb impurities and the like, the final calibration of the gas sensor is influenced, and the calibration precision of the sensor is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a CO gas sensor calibration apparatus capable of improving the accuracy of sensor calibration in view of the above technical problems.
A CO gas sensor calibration apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a gas resonant cavity, a sensor cabin for placing a calibrated sensor, a gas inlet, a gas outlet, an electromagnetic valve, a resonant driving source, an ultrasonic receiver and a main controller;
the sensor cabin is fixed on the gas resonant cavity through a screw hole, the gas inlet, the gas outlet, the resonance driving source and the ultrasonic receiver are connected with the gas resonant cavity through the electromagnetic valve, and the main controller is connected with the calibrated sensor.
In one embodiment, the gas resonant cavity is a rectangular cavity made of an aluminum alloy, one side surface of the rectangular cavity is provided with a first opening and a second opening, the other side surface opposite to the side surface is provided with a third opening and a fourth opening, a top surface of the rectangular cavity is provided with a fifth opening, the first opening, the second opening, the third opening and the fourth opening are used for installing the solenoid valve, and the fifth opening is used for installing more than one sensor capsule.
In one embodiment, a through hole is formed in one side face of the cabin body of the sensor cabin and used for connecting the main controller and the calibrated sensor through a powerbus bus to achieve communication and power supply functions between the main controller and the calibrated sensor, and the cabin body and the cabin cover of the sensor cabin are connected or detached through screws.
In one embodiment, the gas inlet adopts a 316L stainless steel pipe for introducing CO calibration gas.
In one embodiment, the gas outlet is a 316L stainless steel pipe for discharging CO calibration gas.
In one embodiment, the solenoid valve is a direct acting solenoid valve.
In one embodiment, the resonant drive source comprises a function generator, a power amplifier, and an ultrasonic transducer.
In one embodiment, the main controller comprises a control module and an A/D conversion module;
the control module is connected with the A/D conversion module.
In one embodiment, the single chip microcomputer adopted in the control module is an STC8A8K64S4a12 single chip microcomputer.
In one embodiment, the function generator is a sine oscillator and is used for modulating a sine signal with any amplitude and frequency, and the sine signal adjusted by the sine oscillator is amplified by a power amplifier and then modulated into ultrasonic waves with the same frequency by the ultrasonic transducer.
Above-mentioned CO gas sensor calibration device includes: the device comprises a gas resonant cavity, a sensor cabin for placing a calibrated sensor, a gas inlet, a gas outlet, an electromagnetic valve, a resonant driving source, an ultrasonic receiver and a main controller; the sensor cabin is fixed on the gas resonant cavity through a screw hole, the gas inlet, the gas outlet, the resonant driving source and the ultrasonic receiver are connected with the gas resonant cavity through electromagnetic valves, and the main controller is connected with the calibrated sensor. The rapid permeation of the calibrated CO gas in the calibration device of the CO gas sensor in a short time is realized, the gas diffusion rate is improved, and the calibration precision of the sensor is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration apparatus of a CO gas sensor according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a control module of the calibration apparatus of the CO gas sensor according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an A/D conversion module of the calibration apparatus for a CO gas sensor according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a 5-bit calibrated sensor according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a gas calibration control using a CO gas sensor calibration apparatus.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a CO gas sensor calibration apparatus includes: the device comprises a gas resonant cavity 1, a sensor cabin 2 for placing a calibrated sensor, a gas inlet 3, a gas outlet 4, an electromagnetic valve 5, a resonant driving source 6, an ultrasonic receiver 7 and a main controller 8; the sensor chamber 2 is fixed on the gas resonant cavity 1 through a screw hole, the gas inlet 3, the gas outlet 4, the resonance driving source 6 and the ultrasonic receiver 7 are connected with the gas resonant cavity 1 through the electromagnetic valve 5, and the main controller 8 is connected with the calibrated sensor.
The gas resonant cavity 1 is a 316L stainless steel rectangular cavity with the specification of 1.6m long, 0.75m wide and 0.4m high, and the stainless steel is adopted to ensure that the cavity is not easy to corrode because some calibration gases have extremely strong corrosivity.
In one embodiment, the gas resonance cavity 1 is a rectangular cavity made of aluminum alloy, one side surface of the rectangular cavity is provided with a first opening and a second opening, the other side surface opposite to the side surface is provided with a third opening and a fourth opening, the top surface of the rectangular cavity is provided with a fifth opening, the first opening, the second opening, the third opening and the fourth opening are used for installing the electromagnetic valve 5, and the fifth opening is used for installing more than one sensor capsule 2.
The number of the sensor modules 2 can be set according to the actual situation, and it is optimal to install 64 sensor modules 2. According to the gas distribution characteristics in the gas resonance cavity 1, an array of a plurality of sensor chambers can be installed on the top side wall of the gas resonance cavity 1, so that the efficiency of batch calibration is improved.
In one embodiment, the gas inlet 3 is connected through the gas resonance cavity 1 of the first open solenoid valve 5, the resonant driving source 6 is connected through the gas resonance cavity 1 of the second open solenoid valve 5, the ultrasonic receiver 7 is connected through the gas resonance cavity 1 of the third open solenoid valve 5, and the gas outlet 4 is connected through the gas resonance cavity 1 of the fourth open solenoid valve 5.
In one embodiment, the solenoid valve 5 is a direct acting solenoid valve 5, closed by a main controller 8.
Wherein, each electromagnetic valve 5 is controlled to be opened or closed by electrifying or powering off, and is opened by electrifying and closed by powering off. Each solenoid valve 5 can be electrically connected with the main controller 8, and power is supplied to or cut off the power of each solenoid valve 5 through the main controller 8, or each solenoid valve 5 can be connected into a power module with a switch, and power is supplied to or cut off the power of each solenoid valve 5 through the switch.
In one embodiment, the sensor chamber 2 is used for placing a calibrated sensor, a through hole is formed in one side face of the chamber body of the sensor chamber and used for connecting the main controller 8 and the calibrated sensor through a powerbus bus, the communication and power supply functions between the main controller 8 and the calibrated sensor are achieved, and the chamber body and the chamber cover of the sensor chamber 2 are connected or detached through screws.
In one embodiment, the gas inlet 3 is a 316L stainless steel pipe for introducing CO calibration gas. The gas outlet 4 adopts a 316L stainless steel pipe and is used for discharging CO calibration gas.
Wherein, the air inlet 3 and the air outlet 4 respectively select 316L stainless steel pipes with the specification of 10.5cm of external diameter and 9.6cm of internal diameter, and because some calibration gases have extremely strong corrosivity, the stainless steel pipes are adopted to ensure that the pipeline is not easy to corrode.
In one embodiment, the resonant drive source 6 includes a function generator, a power amplifier, and an ultrasonic transducer.
In one embodiment, the single chip microcomputer used in the ultrasonic receiver 7 is an STC8A8K64S4a12 single chip microcomputer, and the ultrasonic receiver 7 is electrically connected to the main controller 8.
Wherein, gather ultrasonic signal through ultrasonic receiver 7's ultrasonic sensor, later carry to main control unit 8's A/D conversion module through conditioning circuit, ultrasonic receiver 7 gathers voltage signal and handles data, sends data to ultrasonic receiver 7's display end.
In one embodiment, the master controller 8 includes a control module, an A/D conversion module; the control module is connected with the A/D conversion module.
In one embodiment, the single chip microcomputer adopted in the control module is an STC8A8K64S4a12 single chip microcomputer.
The acquired measurement signals are transmitted to the A/D conversion module of the main controller 8 through the signal conditioning circuit by the calibrated sensor (the calibrated sensor is a gas sensor), the main controller 8 acquires the A/D signals and processes the data, and the data are transmitted to the display end of the main controller 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the circuit diagram of the control module of the calibration apparatus for CO gas sensor includes a crystal oscillator circuit, a display circuit U3 and a single chip microcomputer U1 (the single chip microcomputer is STC8A8K64S4a12 single chip microcomputer). The crystal oscillator circuit comprises 22pf capacitors C1, 22pf capacitors C2 and 11.05926MHZ crystal oscillator Y1, two ends of the crystal oscillator Y1 are respectively and electrically connected with a port P1.6 and a port P1.7 of a singlechip U1, the port P1.6 and the port P1.7 of the singlechip are respectively and electrically connected with one ends of the 22pf capacitors C1 and 22pf capacitors C2, and the other ends of the 22pf capacitors C1 and 22pf capacitors C2 are grounded. The display circuit U3 adopts OLED components and parts, and the 3.3V pin of display circuit U3 connects the 3.3V power, and the GND pin of display circuit U3 is ground, and the SCL pin of display circuit U3 and the P1.4 mouth electric connection of singlechip, the SDA pin of display circuit U3 and the P1.5 mouth electric connection of singlechip.
As shown in fig. 3, the circuit diagram of the a/D conversion module of the calibration apparatus for the CO gas sensor includes an operational amplifier OP07, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a 100pf capacitor C5, and a socket MQ _7, and the resistances of the resistor R1, the resistor R2, and the resistor R3 are 1K. The output end of the operational amplifier OP07 is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R1 and a P0.4 port of the singlechip U1, the other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected with the reverse input end of the operational amplifier OP07 and one end of a resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is grounded. The same-direction input end of the operational amplifier OP07 is electrically connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and one end of the resistor R3 respectively, the other end of the capacitor C5 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R3 is electrically connected with the No. 4 pin of the socket MQ _7, and the socket MQ _7 is used for being connected to a calibrated sensor. The signal conditioning circuit consists of an operational amplifier OP07 and an RC filter circuit consisting of a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1, meanwhile, an output signal of a calibrated sensor is connected to the conditioning circuit, a singlechip and a minimum system of the singlechip are used for constructing a main control circuit, the output signal of the conditioning circuit is connected to an I/O port with an ADC function of the singlechip, an ADC module in the singlechip is used for collecting and measuring the signal to obtain a CO gas voltage value, and data are transmitted to the OLED through the singlechip.
The circuit diagram of the 5-bit calibrated sensor is shown in fig. 4, and the calibrated sensor includes: the LED light-emitting diode comprises a light-emitting diode D1, a light-emitting diode D2, a gas-sensitive resistor QM-N10, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a potentiometer VR1, a plug U5 and an operational amplifier LM 393. The resistance values of the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the resistor R7 are 1K, the resistance value of the resistor R6 is 10K, the capacitance values of the capacitor C6 and the capacitor C7 are 100pF, and the resistance value of the potentiometer VR1 is 10K.
The potentiometer VR1 is used to adjust the potential difference. When the calibrated sensor has no influence of sensitive gas or the gas concentration does not exceed a set threshold value, the digital interface DO outputs high level, when the influence of the gas exceeds the set threshold value, the module digital interface D0 outputs low level, the digital indicator lamp is turned on, the voltage output by the analog interface A0 is gradually increased along with the influence of the gas, and the concentration sensed by the clockwise adjusting potentiometer is increased. Therefore, the output D0 is directly connected with the single chip microcomputer to detect the high and low levels and detect the CO gas.
In one embodiment, the function generator is a sine oscillator and is used for modulating a sine signal with any amplitude and frequency, and the sine signal adjusted by the sine oscillator is amplified by a power amplifier and then modulated into ultrasonic waves with the same frequency by an ultrasonic transducer.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a gas calibration control method using the CO gas sensor calibration apparatus comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the theoretical resonant frequency is calculated according to the geometric dimension of the cavity of the gas resonant cavity 1, then the gas sensor (i.e. the calibrated sensor) is placed in the sensor chamber 2, and the main controller 8 checks whether all the gas sensors are in normal communication. Opening the electromagnetic valves of the gas inlet 3 and the gas outlet 4 and closing the electromagnetic valves of the resonance driving source 6 and the ultrasonic receiver 7 through the main controller 8 to finish the preparation step of gas calibration of the CO gas sensor calibration device, and entering the step II;
step two: pre-calibrating CO gas with 3 point concentrations by each batch of gas sensors, and entering a third step if the calibration is the first time; if the calibration is the second calibration, entering the fourth step; if the calibration is the third calibration, entering the fifth step;
step three: introducing CO gas with the concentration of APPM into the gas inlet 3, reading the data of the sensor cabin 2 at the gas outlet 4 by the main controller 8 to be 0, and entering the sixth step; reading that the data is not 0, and entering a seventh step;
step four: introducing CO gas with the concentration of BPPM into the gas inlet 3, reading the data of the sensor cabin 2 at the gas outlet 4 by the main controller 8 to be 0, and entering the sixth step; reading that the data is not 0, and entering a seventh step;
step five: introducing CO gas with the concentration of CPPM into the gas inlet 3, reading the data of the sensor cabin 2 at the gas outlet 4 by the main controller 8 to be 0, and entering the sixth step; reading that the data is not 0, and entering a seventh step;
step six: the main controller 8 reads the data as 0, and if the data is calibrated for the first time, the third step is returned; if the calibration is the second time, returning to the fourth step; if the third calibration is carried out, returning to the step five;
step seven: the main controller 8 reads that the data is not 0, and the main controller 8 controls to close the electromagnetic valves of the air inlet 3 and the air outlet 4 and open the electromagnetic valves of the resonance driving source 6 and the ultrasonic receiver 7. Entering the next step;
step eight: and adjusting a sine function generator in the resonant driving source 6 to be matched with the theoretical resonant frequency, modulating the ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, observing the amplitude of the output voltage of the ultrasonic receiver 7, and properly adjusting the frequency of the driving source until the output amplitude of the voltage is maximum. Entering the next step;
step nine: the ultrasonic receiver 7 sends a signal to the main controller 8, and the main controller 8 reads and records the voltage value of each sensor pod 2 for 10 seconds. Drawing the data into a table, and entering the next step;
step ten: the main controller 8 controls the solenoid valves that open the air inlet 3 and the air outlet 4, and closes the solenoid valves of the resonance drive source 6 and the ultrasonic receiver 7. Entering the next step;
step eleven: checking the main controller 8, and entering the next step when the data of each sensor cabin 2 is 0;
step twelve: if the calibration of the batch of sensors reaches 3 times and does not reach, entering a step two; if yes, entering step thirteen;
step thirteen: and (4) when the number of times is three, disassembling the gas sensor and returning to the step one.
The sine function generator in the adjusting resonance driving source 6 is matched with the theoretical resonance frequency, the sine function generator can amplify an electric signal through the power amplifier, the ultrasonic transducer converts the same-frequency ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves resonate with the calibration gas, so that the calibration gas quickly permeates in the cavity, the permeation time of the calibration gas is shortened, and the calibration error is avoided.
The acquired measuring signals are transmitted to an A/D conversion module of the main controller 8 through an ultrasonic sensor of the ultrasonic receiver 7 and a calibrated CO gas sensor after passing through a signal conditioning circuit, the main controller 8 acquires the A/D signals and processes the data, and the data are transmitted to the ultrasonic receiver 7 and a display end of the main controller 8. According to the formula of the resonance frequency and the geometry of the resonator cavity (i.e. the cavity of the gas resonator cavity 1):
where ω is the cutoff frequency (i.e., the theoretical resonant frequency), μ is the vacuum permeability, and μ is 4 pi 10-7N/A2ε is dielectric constant, ε is 8.854187817 × 10-12F/m, wherein a is the length of the resonant cavity, b is the width of the resonant cavity, c is the height of the resonant cavity, and when the gas resonant cavity 1 is selected to have the dimensions of 1.6m in length, 0.75m in width and 0.4m in height, the cutoff frequency of the resonant cavity is 13851.6HZ through calculation. But because ofThe best resonant frequency obtained by actually using the resonant driving source 6 for reasons of unsmooth inner surface of the cavity, air tightness and the like is 13788 HZ. The CO calibration gas of 140PPM, 190PPM and 240PPM is sequentially introduced into the test to calibrate the calibrated sensor, and the corresponding voltages are 0.71V, 0.94V and 1.41V respectively. And calculating the voltage values of the calibration gas in the ranges of 140PPM-190PPM and 190PPM-250PPM according to the linear relation. And multi-point calibration of CO gas is realized, and the calibration times are greatly reduced.
The calibration device of the CO gas sensor calculates theoretical resonant frequency according to the geometric dimension of the gas resonant cavity 1, adjusts the frequency of a sine function generator in the resonant driving source 6 to be matched with the resonant frequency of the cavity, outputs ultrasonic waves with the same frequency by an ultrasonic transducer after being amplified by a power amplifier, observes the voltage amplitude of an ultrasonic receiver 7 and adjusts the sine function generator appropriately. When the voltage amplitude is maximum, the gas in the CO gas sensor calibration device resonates with the ultrasonic wave, and the CO gas can uniformly permeate into the CO gas sensor calibration device in the shortest time, so that the calibration time of the CO gas sensor is shortened, and the batch calibration efficiency is improved.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A CO gas sensor calibration device is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a gas resonant cavity, a sensor cabin for placing a calibrated sensor, a gas inlet, a gas outlet, an electromagnetic valve, a resonant driving source, an ultrasonic receiver and a main controller;
the sensor cabin is fixed on the gas resonant cavity through a screw hole, the gas inlet, the gas outlet, the resonance driving source and the ultrasonic receiver are connected with the gas resonant cavity through the electromagnetic valve, and the main controller is connected with the calibrated sensor.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the gas resonance cavity is a rectangular cavity made of aluminum alloy, one side surface of the rectangular cavity is provided with a first opening and a second opening, the other side surface opposite to the side surface is provided with a third opening and a fourth opening, the top surface of the rectangular cavity is provided with a fifth opening, the first opening, the second opening, the third opening and the fourth opening are used for installing the solenoid valve, and the fifth opening is used for installing more than one sensor capsule.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a side surface of the sensor chamber body is provided with a through hole for connecting the main controller and the calibrated sensor through a powerbus bus to realize communication and power supply functions between the main controller and the calibrated sensor, and the sensor chamber body and the cover are connected or disconnected through screws.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the gas inlet is a 316L stainless steel tube for introducing CO calibration gas.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the gas outlet is a 316L stainless steel pipe for discharging CO calibration gas.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the solenoid valve is a direct acting solenoid valve.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the resonant drive source comprises a function generator, a power amplifier, and an ultrasonic transducer.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the master controller comprises a control module, an a/D conversion module;
the control module is connected with the A/D conversion module.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the single chip microcomputer used in the control module is an STC8A8K64S4a12 single chip microcomputer.
10. The method according to claim 7, wherein the function generator is a sine oscillator for modulating a sine signal with any amplitude and frequency, and the sine signal adjusted by the sine oscillator is amplified by a power amplifier and then modulated into an ultrasonic wave with the same frequency by the ultrasonic transducer.
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| CN101368927A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2009-02-18 | 无锡尚沃生物科技有限公司 | Self-calibration gas sensor |
| CN101666769A (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2010-03-10 | 无锡格林通安全装备有限公司 | Intelligent gas sensor residual service life prediction device and method |
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| CN112162012A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-01-01 | 天地（常州）自动化股份有限公司 | Automatic calibration device and automatic calibration method for gas sensing module |
| AU2020102518A4 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-11-19 | Lu, Junjie Mr | A method of gas sensor calibration based on linear optimization |
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| CN115507307A (en) * | 2022-09-12 | 2022-12-23 | 西南石油大学 | Hydrogen leakage monitoring and response system of hydrogen mixing system |
| CN115507307B (en) * | 2022-09-12 | 2024-05-14 | 西南石油大学 | Hydrogen leakage monitoring and responding system of hydrogen mixing system |
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