CN113074616A - Concentricity testing device and method for coaxial superconducting magnet - Google Patents
Concentricity testing device and method for coaxial superconducting magnet Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/252—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes for measuring eccentricity, i.e. lateral shift between two parallel axes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a concentricity testing device and a concentricity testing method for a coaxial superconducting magnet. The testing device comprises a rotary testing table and a base which is in running fit with the rotary testing table. The rotary test bench comprises a rotary seat and two Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting supports with different rotary radiuses, wherein the two Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting supports are arranged at the bottom of the middle section of the rotary seat. The periphery of the bottom of the rotating seat is provided with a sliding chute. The base is annular, and its inboard is equipped with the slide rail that corresponds the setting with the spout, and its bottom is equipped with spacing boss. According to the technical scheme, the testing device and the testing method are used for calibrating and measuring the magnetic field axis of the superconducting magnet, and have the advantages of simple structure, high testing precision, convenience in operation and the like. The testing device integrates auxiliary data measurement and deviation calibration, and can obtain a more accurate magnetic field axis position and geometric deviation with a magnetic field hole after testing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing magnetic fields of magnets and superconducting magnets, in particular to a concentricity testing device and a concentricity testing method for a coaxial superconducting magnet.
Background
The main structure of the coaxial superconducting magnet is composed of superconducting windings, generally composed of a single or a plurality of windings, and the magnetic induction intensity distribution of the coaxial superconducting magnet is characterized by circumferential symmetry, so that the coaxial superconducting magnet is considered to have a central axis of a magnetic field. Concentricity of a superconducting magnet refers to the degree of coincidence between the geometric axis of the field hole of a coaxial magnet and the axis of its coaxial field. The concentricity deviation occurs due to many reasons, including magnet winding accuracy, assembly accuracy, and the like. The concentricity index is of great significance to magnets requiring precise magnetic fields.
Although the concentricity calibration problem is important, it is inconvenient to measure the axis of the magnetic field, mainly because the axial magnetic field strength of the coaxial superconducting magnet is consistent at the position near the axis, the sensitivity to the position change is low, and the position of the axis of the magnetic field can hardly be distinguished by the magnetic field strength change in the measurement axial direction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a concentricity testing device and a concentricity testing method of a coaxial superconducting magnet, which can measure and analyze the magnetic field center of an iso-type magnet, calculate the deviation amount and the deviation direction of the magnetic field center relative to the geometric center and obtain the accurate magnetic field axis position.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a concentricity testing device of a coaxial superconducting magnet comprises a rotary test board and a base which is in running fit with the rotary test board. The base is used as a rotating base of the rotating test platform and is arranged on the end face of the magnetic field hole to be tested, and the rotating test platform and the base are mutually jointed through the sliding rail and the sliding groove, so that the rotating test platform can accurately rotate by taking the geometric center of the magnet room temperature hole as an axis.
The rotary test bench comprises a rotary seat and two Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting brackets with different rotary radiuses, which are arranged at the bottom of the middle section of the rotary seat; the periphery of the bottom of the rotating seat is provided with a sliding chute; the base is annular, and its inboard is equipped with the slide rail that corresponds the setting with the spout, and its bottom is equipped with spacing boss. The Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting bracket vertically extends to the direction of the room temperature hole, and a Gaussian sensor mounting groove position is arranged on the Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting bracket; the installation trench is a plane, and the installation trench enables the Gaussian magnetic sensor to point to the radial direction of the magnetic field hole to be measured in the normal direction. The rotary test bench comprises two Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting supports at two positions, provides two mounting slots with different rotary radiuses and is used for measuring and providing radial magnetic field data for contrastive analysis. The Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting bracket is perpendicular to the rotation plane and is provided with a mounting groove position of the Gaussian magnetic sensor. The axial positions of the two Gaussian magnetic sensors are consistent, the normal direction of the mounting groove positions of the two Gaussian magnetic sensors is coincident with the radial direction of rotation, and the distance between the mounting bracket of the two Gaussian magnetic sensors and the central axis of rotation has smaller difference, so that the rotating radiuses of the two mounting groove positions are different.
Furthermore, the limiting boss is annular, and the outer diameter of the limiting boss is the same as the inner diameter of the magnetic field hole to be measured. The limiting boss is matched with the inner diameter of the magnet room temperature hole.
Furthermore, the side wall of the rotating seat is provided with position scale marks, and the top of the base is provided with angle scale marks.
Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the slide rail is triangular, and the height of the slide rail is higher than the depth of the slide groove.
Furthermore, a gap is formed between the outer side wall of the rotating seat side and the inner side wall of the base.
The invention also relates to a testing method of the concentricity testing device of the coaxial superconducting magnet, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the rotary test board is installed on the base, the sliding groove of the rotary test board is in running fit with the sliding rail on the base, and two sets of radial magnetic induction intensity data of the two Gaussian magnetic sensor installation supports are measured.
And S2, exciting the superconducting magnet to be measured to a steady state, and keeping the magnetic field constant.
And S3, clamping the limiting boss of the base into the to-be-tested magnetic field hole of the to-be-tested superconducting magnet, so that the bottom surface of the base is completely contacted with the upper end surface of the to-be-tested magnetic field hole.
S4, placing the Gaussian magnetic sensor into a mounting groove of one of the Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting brackets, fixing the Gaussian magnetic sensor by using an adhesive tape, and simultaneously arranging and fixing a sensor wire harness; and setting the installation slot position where the Gaussian magnetic sensor is located as a first installation slot, wherein the distance between the plane of the installation slot position and the center of the magnetic field hole to be measured is L1.
And S5, rotating the rotary test bench provided with the Gaussian magnetic sensor to any initial position, and recording the current detection data of the Gaussian magnetic sensor.
S6, rotating the rotary test table to another fixed angle position, reading the angle scale mark corresponding to the position scale mark, and recording the detection data of the magnetic sensor at the corresponding position until recording a group of data B1(x) containing N angles in a circle.
S7, taking down the Gaussian magnetic sensor from the first mounting groove, mounting the Gaussian magnetic sensor into a mounting groove of a mounting bracket of another Gaussian magnetic sensor, fixing the wire harness of the Gaussian magnetic sensor, setting the mounting groove as a second mounting groove, and setting the distance between the plane of the groove and the center of the magnetic field hole to be measured to be L2; repeating the steps S5 to S6, and testing another set of data B2(x) corresponding to the same rotation angle.
And S8, calculating the average gradient k of the radial magnetic field near the test radius by using the following formula according to the group of data measured in the first mounting groove and the group of data of the corresponding angle measured in the second mounting groove.
S9, fitting a function relation of the radial magnetic field changing along with the angle through multiple groups of data obtained by testing the mounting groove I or the mounting groove II, and calculating the deviation of the magnetic field center relative to the geometric center of the magnetic field hole to be measured according to the function relation.
The step S9 of "calculating the deviation of the magnetic field center from the geometric center of the magnetic field hole to be measured according to the functional relationship" includes the following steps: and (3) setting the function relation of the radial magnetic field changing along with the angle as a fitting curve, and firstly, calculating the deviation value d of the magnetic field center relative to the geometric center by adopting the following formula.
Where Bmx represents the maximum magnetic field value of the fitted curve and Bmn represents the minimum magnetic field value of the fitted curve.
And determining the deviation direction according to the angle direction of the maximum value of the magnetic field of the fitting curve.
According to the technical scheme, the testing device and the testing method are used for calibrating and measuring the magnetic field axis of the superconducting magnet, and have the advantages of simple structure, high testing precision, convenience in operation and the like. The testing device integrates auxiliary data measurement and deviation calibration, and can obtain a more accurate magnetic field axis position and geometric deviation with a magnetic field hole after testing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rotary testing table of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the base in the present invention.
Wherein:
1. the base, 2, rotary test platform, 3, gauss magnetic sensor installing support, 4, installation trench, 5, slide rail, 6, spout, 7, angle scale sign, 8, position scale sign, 9, spacing boss.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the concentricity testing device for the coaxial superconducting magnet shown in fig. 1-6 comprises a rotary test bench 2 and a base 1 which is in running fit with the rotary test bench 2. The rotary test bench 2 comprises a rotary base and two Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting brackets 3 with different rotary radiuses arranged at the bottom of the middle section of the rotary base, and the two Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting brackets 3 with different rotary radiuses can measure two groups of magnetic field analysis data with different radial directions. And a sliding groove 6 is formed in the periphery of the bottom of the rotating seat. The base 1 is annular, the inner side of the base is provided with a slide rail 5 which corresponds to the slide groove 6, and the bottom of the base is provided with a limit boss 9. Through setting up annular slide rail 5 and curved spout 6, can make rotary test platform 2 and base 1 take place relative rotation. The average magnetic induction increment of the current radial magnetic field component can be obtained according to the data tested by the sensors with two different rotating radiuses and close positions, and the gradient of the magnetic induction in the radial direction near the two rotating radiuses can be obtained according to the distance difference of the rotating radiuses. And fitting a magnetic field fluctuation curve through data tested by one sensor mounting groove, calculating the offset of the magnetic field with the offset center through the maximum value and the minimum value of the radial magnetic field, wherein the angle corresponding to the maximum value and the minimum value is the offset direction.
Further, the gauss magnetic sensor mounting bracket 3 extends vertically to the room temperature hole direction, and a gauss sensor mounting groove position 4 is arranged on the gauss magnetic sensor mounting bracket 3; the installation slot position 4 is a plane, and the installation slot position 4 enables the Gaussian magnetic sensor to point to the radial direction of the magnetic field hole to be measured in the normal direction. The two Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting brackets are consistent in length and integrated with the rotating base. The Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting bracket is a circular rod, a side plane is cut at the tail end mounting position, a Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting groove position is arranged on the plane, and the distances between the groove position plane of the mounting groove positions on the two brackets and the central shafts of the rotary test bench and the base are respectively L1 and L2. The installation trench is matched with the overall dimension of the Gaussian magnetic sensor and is a plane, and the normal direction of the plane is completely coincided with the radial direction.
Furthermore, the limiting boss 9 is annular, and the outer diameter of the limiting boss is the same as the inner diameter of the magnetic field hole to be measured. The limiting boss is matched with the aperture of the superconducting magnet to be detected. The arrangement of the limiting boss can enable the geometric central axis of the base to coincide with the geometric central axis of the magnetic field hole to be measured.
Further, be equipped with position scale mark 8 on the lateral wall of roating seat, the top of base 1 is equipped with angle scale mark 7, can implement the control of rotatory testboard turned angle more accurately, is convenient for angle data and position data's reading.
Further, the longitudinal section of slide rail 5 is triangle-shaped, and its highly is a little higher than the degree of depth of spout 6 to make rotatory testboard bottom and base face contactless, when guaranteeing rotatory coaxial precision, can also reduce the rotation resistance.
Furthermore, a gap is formed between the outer side wall of the side of the rotary base and the inner side wall of the base 1, so that the rotary test table can rotate smoothly, and the angle corresponding to the measuring position can be read conveniently.
Furthermore, the testing device adopts a non-magnetic material, so that the magnetic field distribution is not influenced, and the accuracy of the measuring result can be ensured.
The invention also relates to a testing method of the concentricity testing device of the coaxial superconducting magnet, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the rotary test bench 2 is installed on the base 1, the sliding groove 6 of the rotary test bench 2 is in running fit with the sliding rail 5 on the base 1, and two sets of radial magnetic induction intensity data of the two Gaussian magnetic sensor installation supports 3 are measured.
And S2, exciting the superconducting magnet to be measured to a steady state, and keeping the magnetic field constant.
S3, the limiting boss 9 of the base 1 is clamped into the magnetic field hole to be measured of the superconducting magnet to be measured, so that the bottom surface of the base 1 is completely contacted with the upper end surface of the magnetic field hole to be measured.
S4, placing the Gaussian magnetic sensor into one mounting groove of the mounting bracket 3 of the Gaussian magnetic sensor, fixing the Gaussian magnetic sensor by using an adhesive tape, and simultaneously arranging and fixing a sensor wire harness; and setting the installation slot position where the Gaussian magnetic sensor is located as a first installation slot, wherein the distance between the plane of the installation slot position and the center of the magnetic field hole to be measured is L1.
And S5, rotating the rotary test bench 2 provided with the Gaussian magnetic sensor to any initial position, and recording the current detection data of the Gaussian magnetic sensor.
S6, rotating the rotary test table to another fixed angle position, reading the angle scale mark corresponding to the position scale mark, and recording the detection data of the magnetic sensor at the corresponding position until recording a group of data B1(x) containing N angles in a circle.
S7, taking down the Gaussian magnetic sensor from the first mounting groove, mounting the Gaussian magnetic sensor into a mounting groove of a mounting bracket of another Gaussian magnetic sensor, fixing the wire harness of the Gaussian magnetic sensor, setting the mounting groove as a second mounting groove, and setting the distance between the plane of the groove and the center of the magnetic field hole to be measured to be L2; repeating the steps S5 to S6, and testing another set of data B2(x) corresponding to the same rotation angle.
And S8, calculating the average gradient k of the radial magnetic field near the test radius by using the following formula according to the group of data measured in the first mounting groove and the group of data of the corresponding angle measured in the second mounting groove.
S9, fitting a function relation of the radial magnetic field changing along with the angle through multiple groups of data obtained by testing the mounting groove I or the mounting groove II, and calculating the deviation of the magnetic field center relative to the geometric center of the magnetic field hole to be measured according to the function relation.
Due to the symmetry of the solenoid type coil magnet, the radial magnetic field of the magnetic field hole is distributed in an equivalent manner on a concentric circle, and the radial magnetic field B in the radial direction of the concentric circle with a smaller radius difference can be considered as an equal gradient, so when the track of the test sampling circle is not concentric with the center of the real magnetic field, a small deviation exists, the relative radius of the deviation value is small, and the influence caused by radial angle change can be ignored, the sampling radial magnetic field around the test magnetic field hole can present a trend similar to a complete periodic trigonometric function. And the fitting curve expresses a radial magnetic field on the geometric circular track by adopting a sine (or cosine) trigonometric function B ═ asin (x-B), deviation data is removed, the amplitude and the offset to be measured are obtained, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the trigonometric function fluctuation can be determined. The maximum and minimum values are the deviation values of the geometric center in the direction of the center of the magnetic field at the position.
The step S9 of "calculating the deviation of the magnetic field center from the geometric center of the magnetic field hole to be measured according to the functional relationship" includes the following steps: setting a function relation of the radial magnetic field changing along with the angle as a fitting curve, and firstly, calculating a deviation value d of the magnetic field center relative to the geometric center by adopting the following formula;
wherein Bmx represents the maximum magnetic field value of the fitted curve, and Bmn represents the minimum magnetic field value of the fitted curve;
and determining the deviation direction according to the angle direction of the maximum value of the magnetic field of the fitting curve.
The superconducting solenoid magnet is a magnet system applied in a cryogenic low-temperature environment, a magnet coil is packaged in a low-temperature Dewar, and the center of a magnetic field can be determined by a geometric method during installation so as to ensure that the center of the magnetic field is positioned at a required position, but the position of the center of the magnetic field cannot be directly determined outside. The invention makes the magnetic field center of the solenoid type magnet in practical application simple and measurable by the invention through the symmetry principle of the solenoid type magnet. In order to accurately obtain the axis position of the magnetic field through measurement of magnetic field data, the testing device disclosed by the invention is matched with a Gaussian magnetic sensor for use, the radial magnetic field data of equal-radius tracks can be measured, the gradient relation of the radial magnetic field in the radius direction can be determined through measuring the radial magnetic field data of two close radii, the fluctuation range caused by magnetic field offset can be obtained through circumferential measurement of multi-point radial magnetic fields through fitting analysis, and the offset direction and the offset can be obtained through the gradient relation. Because the magnetic induction curve is a closed curve, the gradient of the radial component of the magnetic induction at the end part of the coaxial magnet is increased, and the testing device is matched with a high-precision Gaussian magnetic sensor to measure the change of the magnetic induction, so that the radial displacement can be clearly distinguished.
Because the magnetic field closed curve has larger gradient distribution characteristics at the end part, the magnetic field changes obviously along with the radial direction, therefore, the invention samples two groups of data through the installation positions of the two magnetic sensors with small concentric radius difference to determine the sensitivity relation between the geometric position deviation and the magnetic field change, can calculate the actual deviation amount, and can determine the deviation curve and the deviation direction through the reasonable assumed fitting calculation of trigonometric function distribution data. The invention indirectly tests and determines the magnetic field center by utilizing the magnetic field distribution characteristics. Sub-millimeter deviations can be resolved by the high gradient profile characteristic of the radial magnetic field at the solenoid ends, whereas axial magnetic fields generally cannot resolve deviations in the center of the field. The sampling data of a circle of the radial magnetic field after geometric deviation can be compared with the real radial magnetic field through reasonable assumption and fitting, and the conditions required to be met can be completely covered through the reasonable design of the device: firstly, the mounting positions of the two magnetic sensors have radii with larger offset relative to the magnetic center, so that the tiny deviation of the sampled data in the radial angle can be ignored; and secondly, the radius difference of the installation positions of the two sensors is small, so that the calculated radial gradients on the concentric circle positions can be considered to be consistent.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A concentricity testing device of a coaxial superconducting magnet is characterized in that: the device comprises a rotary test board and a base which is in running fit with the rotary test board; the rotary test bench comprises a rotary seat and two Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting brackets with different rotary radiuses, which are arranged at the bottom of the middle section of the rotary seat; the periphery of the bottom of the rotating seat is provided with a sliding chute; the base is annular, and its inboard is equipped with the slide rail that corresponds the setting with the spout, and its bottom is equipped with spacing boss.
2. The concentricity testing apparatus of a coaxial superconducting magnet according to claim 1, wherein: the Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting bracket vertically extends to the direction of the magnetic field hole to be measured, and a Gaussian sensor mounting groove position is arranged on the Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting bracket; the installation trench is a plane, and the installation trench enables the Gaussian magnetic sensor to point to the radial direction of the magnetic field hole to be measured in the normal direction.
3. The concentricity testing apparatus of a coaxial superconducting magnet according to claim 1, wherein: the limiting boss is annular, and the outer diameter of the limiting boss is the same as the inner diameter of the magnetic field hole to be measured.
4. The concentricity testing apparatus of a coaxial superconducting magnet according to claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the rotary seat is provided with position scale marks, and the top of the base is provided with angle scale marks.
5. The concentricity testing apparatus of a coaxial superconducting magnet according to claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal section of the slide rail is triangular, and the height of the slide rail is higher than the depth of the slide groove.
6. The concentricity testing apparatus of a coaxial superconducting magnet according to claim 1, wherein: a gap is formed between the outer side wall of the side of the rotating seat and the inner side wall of the base.
7. The method for testing the concentricity testing apparatus of a coaxial superconducting magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting the rotary test board on the base, enabling a sliding chute of the rotary test board to be in running fit with a sliding rail on the base, and measuring two groups of radial magnetic induction intensity data of the two Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting brackets;
s2, exciting the superconducting magnet to be tested to a stable state, and keeping the magnetic field constant;
s3, clamping the limiting boss of the base into a to-be-detected magnetic field hole of the to-be-detected superconducting magnet, and enabling the bottom surface of the base to be in complete contact with the upper end surface of the to-be-detected magnetic field hole;
s4, placing the Gaussian magnetic sensor into a mounting groove of one of the Gaussian magnetic sensor mounting brackets, fixing the Gaussian magnetic sensor by using an adhesive tape, and simultaneously arranging and fixing a sensor wire harness; setting the installation slot position where the Gaussian magnetic sensor is located as a first installation slot, wherein the distance between the plane of the installation slot position and the center of the magnetic field hole to be measured is L1;
s5, rotating the rotary test bench provided with the Gaussian magnetic sensor to a set initial position, and recording the current detection data of the Gaussian magnetic sensor corresponding to the position;
s6, sequentially rotating the rotary test board for a set angle until the rotary test board returns to the initial position again, reading an angle scale mark corresponding to the current position scale mark when the rotary test board rotates to each test position, recording the detection data of the magnetic sensor at the corresponding position, and recording a group of data B1(x) containing N angles in a circle;
s7, taking down the Gaussian magnetic sensor from the first mounting groove, mounting the Gaussian magnetic sensor into a mounting groove of a mounting bracket of another Gaussian magnetic sensor, fixing the wire harness of the Gaussian magnetic sensor, setting the mounting groove as a second mounting groove, and setting the distance between the plane of the groove and the center of the magnetic field hole to be measured to be L2; repeating the steps S5 to S6, and testing the detection data B2(x) of the group of Gaussian magnetic sensors corresponding to the positions rotated to the same position;
s8, calculating the average gradient k of the radial magnetic field near the test radius by using the following formula according to a group of data measured in the first mounting groove and a group of data of the corresponding angle measured in the second mounting groove;
s9, fitting a function relation of the radial magnetic field changing along with the angle through multiple groups of data obtained by testing the mounting groove I or the mounting groove II, and calculating the deviation of the magnetic field center relative to the geometric center of the magnetic field hole to be measured according to the function relation.
8. The method for testing the concentricity testing apparatus of a coaxial superconducting magnet according to claim 7, wherein: the step S9 of "calculating the deviation of the magnetic field center from the geometric center of the magnetic field hole to be measured according to the functional relationship" includes the following steps: setting a function relation of the radial magnetic field changing along with the angle as a fitting curve, and firstly, calculating a deviation value d of the magnetic field center relative to the geometric center by adopting the following formula;
wherein Bmx represents the maximum magnetic field value of the fitted curve, and Bmn represents the minimum magnetic field value of the fitted curve;
and determining the deviation direction according to the angle direction of the maximum value of the magnetic field of the fitting curve.
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CN114894126A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-12 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Coaxial measurement tool for realizing high-precision magnetic field output, superconducting magnet structure and assembling and adjusting method thereof |
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