CN113073437A

CN113073437A - Interface coating modification device and coating modification method for functional yarn

Info

Publication number: CN113073437A
Application number: CN202110365888.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖仕丽; 杨玉慧; 曹仁广; 张如全; 徐卫林
Original assignee: Wuhan Textile University
Current assignee: Wuhan Textile University
Priority date: 2021-04-06
Filing date: 2021-04-06
Publication date: 2021-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-06
Also published as: CN113073437B

Abstract

The invention provides an interface coating modification device and a coating modification method for functional yarns. The coating modification device comprises a yarn feeding module, a yarn rotating module, a modification liquid coating module, a drying module and a winding module. Feeding the fiber or the yarn into a modifying solution coating module, a yarn rotating module and a drying module in sequence so that the fiber or the yarn is in rotating contact with a cationic polyelectrolyte solution and an anionic polyelectrolyte solution in the modifying solution coating module, and then the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution are uniformly adhered to the surface of the fiber or the yarn to form a non-water-soluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane; then feeding the mixture into a drying module for drying, and finally winding and collecting the mixture by a winding module. The invention enlarges the application range of the polyelectrolyte, avoids the problem of flocculation or precipitation caused by the contact of the polyelectrolyte due to the attraction of positive and negative charges, and can realize the rapid and large-scale production of high-performance yarns.

Description

Interface coating modification device and coating modification method for functional yarn

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of functional fiber preparation, in particular to an interface coating modification device and a coating modification method for functional yarn.

Background

In addition to the numerous applications of various functional fibers in the textile field, functional fibers or yarns have found wide applications in other fields such as biology, medicine, environment, flexible electronics, energy, and the like. Various techniques for preparing functional fibers have been developed successively for different application objects and fields. In summary, the processes used to prepare functional fibers can be divided into two broad categories: one is surface modification of the fibers. Functional macromolecules are grafted to the surface of the fiber by a chemical method, or functional inorganic nanoparticles are loaded on the surface of the fiber to form the functional yarn. The other type is that materials with functionality (inorganic nano particles or high molecular materials) are blended into spinning solution, and functional fibers are obtained through a blending spinning method. Such processes are generally directed to regenerated cellulose or synthetic fibers that can be wet or melt spun.

Recently, a method of modifying and modifying a fiber with a polymer polyelectrolyte has been attracting attention. Polyelectrolytes are a class of polymers having ionizable groups that ionize in aqueous solution, thereby exhibiting either a positive or negative charge. The deep analysis of polyelectrolyte macromolecular groups shows that the macromolecules of the polyelectrolyte macromolecules have carboxyl or amino functional groups, the functional groups can chelate precursors of silver, copper ions or titanium dioxide, and the polyelectrolytes are compounded with fibers to endow the fibers with the performances of bacteria resistance, aging resistance and the like. In addition, the aqueous solution of polyelectrolyte with positive and negative charges can generate electrostatic adsorption, namely polyelectrolyte effect, and various sols or polyelectrolyte fibers can be prepared according to the principle.

Patent CN201810794622.4 discloses a method for preparing composite fiber containing polyelectrolyte by wet spinning. The method is characterized in that sol formed by positive and negative polyelectrolytes is added into spinning solution of fiber raw materials, and the fiber containing the polyelectrolytes is prepared by a wet spinning method. These polyelectrolyte sols are dispersed in the form of fine particles in the fibers. Patent CN102277654A utilizes an electrostatic spinning method to prepare hyaluronic acid and chitosan composite polyelectrolyte nano-fibers, and is used in the biomedical field. Similarly, patent CN201910585238.8 discloses a method for preparing antibacterial nanofibers based on polyelectrolyte-surfactant complex. Hydrolyzing polyacrylonitrile to obtain polyelectrolyte high polymer water solution with negative charges, dripping quaternary ammonium salt with antibacterial property and positive charges into the spinning solution, and preparing the antibacterial nanofiber by an electrostatic spinning method. The method of directly using polyelectrolyte sol as additive or directly forming spinning liquid is difficult to realize large-scale preparation, mainly because the concentration of two polyelectrolyte sols with opposite charges in the spinning liquid is difficult to control, insoluble floccule or precipitate is easy to form in the spinning liquid, the fiber quality is difficult to ensure, and the preparation takes long time.

Patent CN201510255219.0 discloses a normal temperature and pressure dyeing method of polyester textile mediated by polyelectrolyte polymer nano-membrane, which improves the dyeing performance of polyester textile by electrostatic adsorption to the surface of polyester textile to self-assemble polyelectrolyte nano-membrane. However, the fabric prepared by the method has poor air permeability. Moreover, the polyelectrolyte must be an aqueous solution system, and the concentration is not easy to be too high, so that the use range of the polyelectrolyte is greatly limited.

Therefore, there is a need for a method for preparing composite fibers containing functional polyelectrolyte simply and massively, and an effective way for preparing high-performance functional fibers and fabrics is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an interface coating modification device and a coating modification method for functional yarn. The spinning method for preparing the polyelectrolyte functional composite yarn in a large scale and fast by using the conventional fiber or yarn as a carrier and using the positive and negative polyelectrolytes as functional spinning solution is provided.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a coating modification method of functional yarn, which comprises the following steps:

s1, respectively preparing a cationic polyelectrolyte solution and an anionic polyelectrolyte solution with preset concentrations;

s2, feeding the fibers or the yarns into a modified liquid adhesion device according to a preset feeding speed and a preset rotating speed so as to enable the fibers or the yarns to be respectively contacted with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution, wherein in the rotating process, the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution are uniformly adhered to the surfaces of the fibers or the yarns to form a water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane;

s3, feeding the fiber or yarn processed in the step S2 into a hot drying area, and winding and collecting the fiber or yarn after hot drying to obtain the functional yarn.

As a further improvement of the invention, in step S2, the preset feeding speed is 1-20m/min, and the preset rotating speed is 10-100 rpm/min.

The modified liquid adhesion device is further improved to comprise at least two bearing containers for containing the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution respectively, wherein the height difference between the two bearing containers is 0-40 mm, so that the fibers or yarns are sequentially in rotary contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution to form the water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane.

As a further improvement of the invention, in step S2, the height difference between the two carrying containers is 10-30 mm.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the carrying container includes through holes through which the fibers or yarns pass to contact the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution in the carrying container.

As a further improvement of the invention, the material of the carrying container is hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene material, so that the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution are spherical on the surface of the carrying container, and the adhesion effect on the surface of the fiber or yarn is improved. Does not spread and the liquid does not drip from the pores through which the yarn passes.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the modifying liquid adhering apparatus includes at least two spraying apparatuses for spraying the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution onto the surface of the fiber or yarn from both sides thereof, respectively.

As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the anionic polyelectrolyte includes but is not limited to one or more of sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, polyacrylic acid, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyvinyl phosphoric acid; the cationic polyelectrolyte includes but is not limited to one or more of polypropylene hydrochloride, chitosan, polydivinyl propyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyethylene imine, polyquaternary ammonium salt and polyvinyl pyridine.

As a further improvement of the invention, functional ions or functional nanoparticles are also added to the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution.

The invention also provides the functional yarn which is prepared by adopting the coating modification method of the functional yarn.

The invention also provides an interface coating modification device of the functional yarn, which comprises a yarn feeding module, a yarn rotating module, a modification liquid coating module, a drying module and a winding module; the modified solution coating module comprises at least two symmetrically arranged bearing containers which are respectively used for containing the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution, and the height difference of the two bearing containers is 0-40 mm, so that the fibers or yarns are sequentially in rotary contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution to form a non-water-soluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane;

the yarn feeding module is used for feeding the fibers or the yarns into the modified liquid coating module, the yarn rotating module and the drying module in sequence so that the fibers or the yarns are in rotary contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution in the modified liquid coating module, then the fibers or the yarns are fed into the drying module to be dried, and finally the fibers or the yarns are wound and collected by the winding module.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the coating modification method of the functional yarn, the yarn forms linear displacement and rotary displacement of the positive polyelectrolyte solution and the negative polyelectrolyte solution at a certain feeding speed and a certain rotating speed. Under the displacement state, the positive polyelectrolyte solution and the negative polyelectrolyte solution can be sequentially and uniformly adhered to the surface of the fiber or the yarn, the positive polyelectrolyte solution and the negative polyelectrolyte solution are contacted on the surface of the fiber or the yarn under the rotation action, and a water-insoluble negative and positive ion polyelectrolyte composite membrane is formed to cover the surface of the fiber or the yarn through the electrostatic adsorption action of the composite membrane, so that the fiber or the yarn is endowed with the polyelectrolyte characteristic, and the washing resistance is good. Meanwhile, the invention also realizes the twisting of the yarn to a certain degree in the process of modifying the yarn. According to the invention, the positive polyelectrolyte and the negative polyelectrolyte are adsorbed while rotating to form humidity twisting, and then the moisture twisting is heated and dried, so that the strength of the yarn can be obviously improved, two purposes are achieved, and the method is extremely suitable for continuous large-scale preparation of functional yarn.

2. According to the method for coating and modifying the functional yarn, the adjustable concentration range of the anionic polyelectrolyte and the cationic polyelectrolyte is wide, the components of the polyelectrolyte solution are adjustable, and the use range of the polyelectrolyte is enlarged. The yarn substrate penetrates through the interface of cation and anion polyelectrolyte, and the polyelectrolyte is directly attached to the surface of the yarn, so that the problem of flocculation or precipitation caused by contact of the polyelectrolyte due to attraction of positive and negative charges is solved, and the yarn can be produced quickly and in large scale. In addition, various functional ions or particles can be added into the polyelectrolyte polymer according to the requirements of the application to prepare antibacterial or conductive functional yarns and the like, and the production process of the composite fiber cannot be influenced.

3. The interface coating modification device is simple in composition, is common textile equipment, and can carry out continuous surface modification production on fibers and yarns by reasonably matching and distributing the common textile equipment. The method is particularly suitable for preparing a layer of positive and negative polyelectrolyte water-insoluble composite membrane on the surface of fiber or yarn, and the preparation method is simple and quick and is suitable for large-scale application. The method can be used for a spinning workshop assembly line, and can directly realize the surface function modification of the yarn in the yarn preparation process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an interfacial coating modification device for functional yarn of the present invention.

Drawings

10-a yarn feed module; 20-a modifying liquid coating module; 21-1-anionic polyelectrolyte extrusion devices; 21-2-cationic polyelectrolyte extrusion device; 22-an anionic polyelectrolyte support container; 23-a cationic polyelectrolyte support container; 30-a yarn rotation module; 40-drying module; 50-winding the module.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the specific embodiments, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The molecular chain of the polyelectrolyte polymer has functional groups such as carboxyl or amino, and the functional groups can chelate precursors of silver, copper ions or titanium dioxide, and the polyelectrolyte is compounded with the fiber, so that the fiber can have the performances of antibiosis, ageing resistance and the like. However, when the cationic polyelectrolyte or the anionic polyelectrolyte is used for modification, the cationic polyelectrolyte or the anionic polyelectrolyte is mostly water-soluble, so that the prepared modified fiber or yarn has poor fastness to washing. Based on the method, the fibers or the yarns are sequentially coated and modified by adopting the positive polyelectrolyte and the negative polyelectrolyte, a layer of composite membrane which is difficult to dissolve in water is formed on the surfaces of the fibers or the yarns by utilizing the electrostatic adsorption and other effects of the positive polyelectrolyte and the negative polyelectrolyte, and the fibers or the yarns can be endowed with the functionality of the positive polyelectrolyte and the negative polyelectrolyte. Moreover, the method of the invention can also overcome the problems of limitation on the concentration of the polyelectrolyte solution, easy flocculation or precipitation of the composite spinning solution and difficult realization of rapid and large-scale preparation when the polyelectrolyte modified fiber or yarn is prepared by the prior art. The specific implementation mode is as follows:

referring to fig. 1, the method for coating and modifying functional yarn provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

According to the technical scheme, the yarn forms linear displacement and rotary displacement (similar to twisting) relative to the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution at a certain feeding speed and a certain rotating speed, under the displacement state, the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution can be uniformly adhered to the surface of the fiber or the yarn in sequence, and after the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution are contacted with the surface of the fiber or the yarn, a water-insoluble anionic polyelectrolyte composite membrane and a water-insoluble cationic polyelectrolyte composite membrane are formed in situ through electrostatic adsorption of the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution and are coated on the surface of the fiber or the yarn, so that the fiber or the yarn is endowed with polyelectrolyte characteristics (such as improved hygroscopicity and mechanical strength, enhanced dyeability and dye fastness) and good water washing resistance. Meanwhile, the invention also realizes the twisting of the yarn in the modification process. The experimental result shows that the strength of the yarn can be obviously improved by adsorbing the positive polyelectrolyte and the negative polyelectrolyte, rotating to form humidity twisting and then reheating and drying, thereby achieving two purposes and being extremely suitable for continuous large-scale preparation of the functional yarn.

In step S1, the anionic polyelectrolyte includes, but is not limited to, one or more of sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, polyacrylic acid, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyvinyl phosphoric acid; the cationic polyelectrolyte includes but is not limited to one or more of polypropylene hydrochloride, chitosan, polydivinyl propyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyethylene imine, polyquaternary ammonium salt and polyvinyl pyridine.

Functional ions such as: silver, copper, zinc, iron ions, etc., or functional nanoparticles. By adding other modified particles into the polyelectrolyte solution, the functional modifier can be successfully loaded on the surface of the fabric, and the loading fastness is extremely high, thereby providing a new way for large-scale preparation of multifunctional yarns or fabrics.

In step S2, the feeding speed and the rotating speed of the fiber or yarn can be adjusted according to the actual situation in the actual production with the preset feeding speed of 1-20m/min and the preset rotating speed of 10-100rpm/min, so as to regulate the coating amount of the positive polyelectrolyte and the negative polyelectrolyte and other performance parameters.

In other embodiments, the modifying liquid adhering device comprises at least two carrying containers for respectively containing the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution, and the height difference between the two carrying containers is 0-40 mm, preferably 10-30mm, so that the fibers or yarns are sequentially in rotating contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution to form the water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane. The height difference is not easy to be too high, otherwise, when the two polyelectrolyte solutions are contacted, the polyelectrolyte solution coated on the surface of the fiber or the yarn may begin to be solidified, so that the two are difficult to form a uniform water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane, and the water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane is poor in water-insoluble property. When the height difference is too low, the two polyelectrolyte solutions are rapidly contacted and mixed, the polyelectrolyte raw solution can form gel, and the polyelectrolyte composite membrane is difficult to form on the surface of the yarn or fiber. Through a certain height difference, the successive coating of two polyelectrolyte solutions is realized, and simultaneously, the structure of the formed water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane can be effectively adjusted under the rotating action of fibers or yarns.

In particular, the supporting container includes through-holes (with a pore size of 1-8mm) through which the fibers or yarns pass, so as to be in contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution in the supporting container.

In particular, the carrying container comprises a plurality of through holes for passing a plurality of fibers or yarns through each through hole respectively, so as to realize the simultaneous production and manufacture of a plurality of yarns.

The material of the carrying container is preferably hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene material, so that the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution are spherical on the surface of the carrying container and cannot spread, liquid is not easy to drip from pores through which yarns pass, and the polyelectrolyte can improve the adhesion effect on the surface of the fibers or the yarns.

The coating thickness of the water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane can be regulated and controlled by regulating the frequency of the polyelectrolyte solution of the yarns passing through the modifying liquid adhesion device, or the fibers or the yarns sequentially pass through a plurality of modifying liquid adhesion devices connected in series, are regulated and controlled by coating for a plurality of times, and are finally subjected to primary heat drying.

Particularly, the modifying liquid adhering device also comprises an extruding device which is used for supplementing the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution to the bearing container, thereby realizing large-scale continuous production.

By the technical scheme, the adjustable concentration range of the anionic polyelectrolyte and the cationic polyelectrolyte is wide, the adjustable range of the components is wide, and the application range of the polyelectrolyte is expanded.

In other embodiments, the modifying liquid adhering apparatus includes at least two spraying apparatuses for spraying the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution onto the surface of the fiber or yarn from both sides thereof, respectively. For example, by means of an electrostatic spraying device. As the fiber or the yarn generates linear displacement and rotary displacement relative to the electrostatic spraying device, the positive polyelectrolyte and the negative polyelectrolyte can be quickly contacted on the surface of the fiber or the yarn to form a water-insoluble negative polyelectrolyte composite membrane and a water-insoluble positive polyelectrolyte composite membrane which are coated on the surface of the fiber or the yarn. Through the technical scheme, the concentration of the anionic polyelectrolyte and the cationic polyelectrolyte solution is generally required to be lower, so that the problems of overlarge concentration and difficulty in smooth spraying are solved.

The fiber or yarn is natural fiber or yarn (such as cotton yarn, viscose fiber, wool yarn and the like) or chemical synthetic fiber or yarn (polyester, chinlon, acrylic and the like).

The functional yarn is prepared by adopting the coating modification method of the functional yarn.

An interface coating modification device of functional yarn comprises a yarn feeding module 10, a yarn rotating module 30, a modification liquid coating module 20, a drying module 40 and a winding module 50; the modified solution coating module 20 comprises at least two symmetrically arranged bearing

containers

22 and 23 respectively used for containing the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution, and the height difference between the two bearing containers is 0-40 mm, so that the fibers or yarns are sequentially in rotary contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution to form a water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane; (the solution bearing device is preferably a disk with a round hole with the diameter of 1-8mm in the center, and because the bearing device is made of hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene material, the liquid drops placed on the disk can be in a spherical shape and cannot spread along the surface of the disk, so that the liquid drops can drop from the central hole).

The yarn feeding module 10 is configured to feed the fiber or yarn to the modifying solution coating module 20, the yarn rotating module 30, and the drying module 40 in sequence, so that the fiber or yarn is in rotational contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution in the modifying solution coating module 20, then fed to the drying module 40 for drying, and finally wound and collected by the winding module 50. The interface coating modification device is simple in composition, is common textile equipment, and can carry out continuous surface modification production on fibers and yarns by reasonably matching and distributing the common textile equipment. The method is particularly suitable for preparing a layer of positive and negative polyelectrolyte water-insoluble composite membrane on the surface of fiber or yarn, and the preparation method is simple and quick and is suitable for large-scale application.

Example 1

A coating modification method of functional yarn adopts an interface coating modification device of functional yarn to carry out production and preparation. Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus includes a yarn feeding module 10, a yarn rotating module 30, a modifying liquid coating module 20, a drying module 40, and a winding module 50. The feeding module 10 is implemented by a feeding roller, and the yarn rotating module 30 is implemented by a twisting device. The modified solution coating module 20 comprises two symmetrically arranged carrying containers 22 and 23 (the height difference between the two carrying containers is 20mm) for respectively containing the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution, and an anionic polyelectrolyte extruding device 21-1 and a cationic polyelectrolyte extruding device 21-2 which are respectively matched with the carrying

containers

22 and 23 and are used for continuously supplying the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution. The two bearing

containers

22 and 23 are provided with a through hole in the middle; the bearing container is respectively provided with openings at the through holes and is used for enabling the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution to be respectively contacted with the fibers or the yarns. The yarn feeding module 10 is configured to feed the fiber or yarn to the modifying solution coating module 20, the yarn rotating module 30, and the drying module 40 in sequence, so that the fiber or yarn is in rotational contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution in the modifying solution coating module 20, then fed to the drying module 40 for drying, and finally wound and collected by the winding module 50.

The method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, respectively preparing a polyethyleneimine solution with the concentration of 10mg/mL and a polyacrylic acid solution with the concentration of 10 mg/mL;

s2, respectively placing the polyethyleneimine solution and the polyacrylic acid solution in the step S1 into the carrying

containers

22 and 23 to form boundary areas; then feeding the polyester yarns into the boundary area at a preset feeding speed of 1m/min and a preset rotating speed of 10rpm so as to enable the polyethyleneimine solution and the polystyrene sulfonic acid solution to be uniformly adhered to the surfaces of the polyester yarns to form a water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane;

s3, feeding the polyester yarn processed in the step S2 into a heat drying area, performing heat drying treatment at the temperature of 45-60 ℃, winding and collecting to obtain the functional yarn.

The functional polyester yarn prepared in the embodiment is dyed by a methylene blue solution (200mg/L), and an ultraviolet spectrophotometer is used for testing the absorbance values before and after the polyester fiber with the polyelectrolyte composite membrane coated on the dye-dyed surface is dyed, so that the dyeing rate of the methylene blue can reach 31% within 60min at normal temperature and normal pressure, the moisture absorption rate of the fiber is 58.6%, and the polyester fiber shows good hydrophilic performance. The modification method provided by the invention is beneficial to large-scale preparation of the surface of the fiber or yarn to obtain the positive and negative polyelectrolyte water-insoluble composite membrane, so that the fiber or yarn is endowed with high surface activity and hygroscopicity, the dye uptake of the fiber or yarn is further improved, and an effective way is provided for surface grafting modification of the fiber or yarn.

Example 2

Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the method is that in the step S1, the concentration of the polyethyleneimine solution is 2mg/mL, and the concentration of the polyacrylic acid solution is 2mg/mL in the step S2, the modifying solution coating module 20 includes two electrostatic spraying devices, and the two electrostatic spraying devices are used for respectively spraying the polyethyleneimine solution and the polystyrene sulfonic acid solution onto the surface of the polyester yarn from two sides thereof during the rotation movement of the polyester yarn, so that the polyethyleneimine solution and the polystyrene sulfonic acid solution are uniformly adhered to the surface of the polyester yarn, and a water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane is formed. The rest is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.

The dyeing rate of the functional polyester yarn prepared by the embodiment to methylene blue can reach 27% in 60min, and the moisture absorption rate is 50.2%.

Example 3

Compared with the functional yarn in the embodiment 1, the functional yarn coating modification method is different in that silver ions are further added into the polyethyleneimine solution and the polyacrylic acid solution in the step S1. The rest is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.

The functional polyester yarn prepared by the embodiment can inhibit the growth of staphylococcus aureus, and the 24-hour bacteriostasis rate can reach 85.7%.

Examples 4 to 6

Compared with example 1, the difference between the method for coating and modifying the functional yarn is that in step S1, the concentrations of the polyethyleneimine solution and the polyacrylic acid are shown in table 1, and the rest are substantially the same as example 1, and are not repeated herein.

Table 1 examples 4-6 preparation conditions and performance test results

As can be seen from Table 1, at a given core yarn feed speed (1m/s) and spin speed (50rpm), the higher the polyelectrolyte concentration, the stronger the water absorption properties of the fiber, the better the dyeing properties, and the higher the elastic modulus. However, if the concentration of the polyelectrolyte is too high, the moisture absorption rate is slightly reduced at the same moisture absorption time, mainly because a certain time is required for the liquid to infiltrate the polyelectrolyte membrane.

Examples 7 to 12

A method for coating and modifying functional yarn, which is different from that of embodiment 1 in that in step S2, the preset feeding speed and the preset rotation speed of the yarn are shown in table 2, and the others are substantially the same as those of embodiment 1, and are not repeated herein.

Table 2 preparation conditions and performance test results of examples 7 to 12

As can be seen from Table 2, when the polyelectrolyte concentration is kept at 5mg/mL, compared with polyester yarns which are not subjected to polyelectrolyte treatment (the dye-uptake rate is 21%, the moisture absorption rate is 46.2%, and the elastic modulus is 0.57N/tex), the dye-uptake rate of the yarns is gradually increased, the moisture absorption rate under the same moisture absorption condition is not changed greatly, but the yarn is obviously higher than the polyester yarns which are not subjected to polyelectrolyte modification, and the elastic modulus is equivalent to that of the original polyester yarns. The higher the yarn rotation speed, the lower the dye uptake and the lower the moisture absorption, indicating that at higher rotation speeds, the less polyelectrolyte is coated on the fiber surface in the same time.

Examples 13 to 15

Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the method for coating and modifying the functional yarn is that the height difference of the two bearing

containers

22 and 23 is shown in table 3, and the rest is substantially the same as the embodiment 1, and the description is omitted.

Table 3 preparation conditions and performance test results of examples 13 to 15

As can be seen from table 3, under other conditions, the height difference between the two carrying containers is too small and too large, the dye uptake of the yarn to the dye is reduced, and especially when the height is too small, the polyelectrolytes in the two containers are easily mixed to form gel, and the gel is not easy to wet the fiber, so that the coating effect is poor; if the height difference between the two containers is too large, the polyelectrolyte coated on the surface of the fiber at the previous time is dried, so that the subsequent mutual permeation between the polyelectrolyte and the infiltration effect on the yarn or the fiber are influenced.

In summary, the invention provides an interfacial coating modification device and a coating modification method for functional yarn. The coating modification device comprises a yarn feeding module, a yarn rotating module, a modification liquid coating module, a drying module and a winding module. Feeding the fiber or the yarn into a modifying solution coating module, a yarn rotating module and a drying module in sequence so that the fiber or the yarn is in rotating contact with a cationic polyelectrolyte solution and an anionic polyelectrolyte solution in the modifying solution coating module, and then the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution are uniformly adhered to the surface of the fiber or the yarn to form a non-water-soluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane; then feeding the mixture into a drying module for drying, and finally winding and collecting the mixture by a winding module. The invention enlarges the application range of the polyelectrolyte and overcomes the problem of flocculation or precipitation caused by the contact of the polyelectrolyte due to the attraction of positive and negative charges. The device can adsorb positive and negative polyelectrolytes, rotate to form humidity twisting, and then reheat and dry, so that the strength of the yarn can be obviously improved, the device achieves two purposes, and is extremely suitable for continuous large-scale preparation of functional yarn.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coating and modifying functional yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for coating and modifying functional yarn according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the predetermined feeding speed is 1-10m/min and the predetermined rotational speed is 10-100 rpm/min. The faster the yarn feed rate and rotational speed, the less polyelectrolyte film is coated on the yarn surface.

3. The method for coating and modifying functional yarn according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the modifying solution adhering device comprises at least two containers for holding the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution, respectively, and the height difference between the two containers is 0-40 mm, so that the fiber or yarn is sequentially in rotational contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution to form a water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane.

4. The method for coating and modifying functional yarn according to claim 3, wherein the height difference between the two carrying containers is 10-30 mm.

5. The method for coating and modifying functional yarn according to claim 3, wherein the supporting container comprises a through hole for the fiber or yarn to pass through so as to contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution in the supporting container.

6. The method for coating and modifying functional yarn according to claim 3, wherein the material of the carrying container is hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene, so that the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution are spherical on the surface of the carrying container, and the adhesion effect on the surface of the fiber or yarn is improved.

7. The method for coating and modifying functional yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the modifying liquid adhering device comprises at least two spraying devices for spraying the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution onto the surface of the fiber or yarn from both sides thereof, respectively, in step S2.

8. The method for coating and modifying functional yarn according to claim 1 or 7, wherein functional ions or functional nanoparticles are further added to the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution.

9. A functional yarn, characterized in that, the functional yarn is prepared by the coating modification method of the functional yarn of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An interface coating modification device of functional yarn is characterized by comprising a yarn feeding module, a yarn rotating module, a modification liquid coating module, a drying module and a winding module; the modified solution coating module comprises at least two bearing containers which are used for containing the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution respectively, and the height difference of the two bearing containers is 0-40 mm, so that the fibers or yarns are sequentially in rotary contact with the cationic polyelectrolyte solution and the anionic polyelectrolyte solution to form a water-insoluble polyelectrolyte composite membrane;