CN113067500B - Piezoelectric ceramic energy collector - Google Patents
Piezoelectric ceramic energy collector Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
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Abstract
The application discloses a piezoelectric ceramic energy collector, a vibration substrate of which is of an interdigital structure and is composed of two-degree-of-freedom structures with different parameters. The first extending beam of the first L-shaped auxiliary beam and the plurality of first vibrating beams form a two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator, and the second extending beam of the second L-shaped auxiliary beam and the plurality of second vibrating beams form another two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator. Two-degree-of-freedom right-angle oscillators are superposed on the main beam, so that the reduction of the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector and the shortening of the resonant frequency interval are facilitated, the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector can be well matched with the vibration environment with low frequency and multiple sources, and the broadband effect is better realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of energy acquisition equipment, in particular to a piezoelectric ceramic energy collector.
Background
Some electronic devices using bluetooth technology generally have milliwatt-level power consumption, and can sense, collect and detect signals of the environment in real time, so that the electronic devices are widely applied to the fields of civil use, industry, military and the like. These electronic devices often work in harsh environmental conditions, such as various buildings, rivers and lakes, highway bridges, interiors of human bodies, and other field environments or living bodies which are difficult to access by human beings. This puts high demands on the conditions of working environment, volume, cost and life of the energy supply device. In order to supply power to low-power electronic devices such as wireless sensor network nodes for a long time or even permanently, energy collecting devices, such as piezoelectric ceramic energy collectors, are being studied to collect other forms of energy from the surroundings of these electronic devices and convert the energy into electrical energy.
The piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is based on the piezoelectric effect of a piezoelectric material, and under the excitation of environmental vibration, the piezoelectric layer in the device generates strain to generate polarization charges on the surface, so that the mechanical energy of the environmental vibration is converted into required electric energy.
The environmental vibration source has the characteristics of low frequency and small acceleration, and most of the environmental vibrations are the interaction results of a plurality of environmental vibration sources, so the environmental vibration source has the characteristics of a plurality of vibration sources. The working frequency of the traditional piezoelectric ceramic energy collector, such as the most common piezoelectric ceramic energy collector with a cantilever beam structure, is fixed at a higher resonance frequency point, and the effective working frequency band is limited in a narrower frequency band range, so that the effective working frequency band is narrower in bandwidth. When the vibration frequency of the external environment deviates from the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector, the output voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is obviously reduced. Therefore, how to collect the vibration energy of the vibration sources in a manner of adapting to the vibration environment of the low-frequency multiple vibration sources, that is, how to collect the vibration energy of each vibration source as much as possible in the low-frequency environment, is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present application is to provide a piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester, which can improve the above-mentioned problems.
The embodiment of the application is realized as follows:
the application provides a piezoceramics energy harvester, it includes:
the device comprises a base, a vibration substrate, a piezoelectric ceramic piece, a first mass block and a second mass block;
the vibration substrate comprises a main beam, a first L-shaped auxiliary beam and a second L-shaped auxiliary beam;
the surface of one side of the base is an attaching surface, and the direction perpendicular to the attaching surface is a first direction; a plane perpendicular to the attaching surface is a working surface, a direction perpendicular to the first direction on the working surface is a second direction, and a direction perpendicular to the working surface is a third direction;
the main beam is adhered to the attaching surface of the base, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece is adhered to the main beam; the first L-shaped auxiliary beam and the second L-shaped auxiliary beam extend from two ends of the main beam in the first direction;
the first L-shaped auxiliary beam comprises a first extending beam and a plurality of first vibrating beams, the first extending beam extends towards the second L-shaped auxiliary beam along the second direction to form a plurality of first vibrating beams, and a first mass block is adhered to the tail end of each first vibrating beam;
the second L-shaped secondary beam comprises a second extension beam and a plurality of second vibration beams, the second extension beam extends towards the first L-shaped secondary beam along the second direction to form a plurality of second vibration beams, and a second mass block is adhered to the tail end of each second vibration beam;
gaps are formed between the adjacent first vibration beams, and the second vibration beam is located between the gaps.
The piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is characterized in that the vibration substrate of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is of an interdigital structure and is composed of two-degree-of-freedom structures with different parameters. The first extending beam of the first L-shaped auxiliary beam and the plurality of first vibrating beams form a two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator, and the second extending beam of the second L-shaped auxiliary beam and the plurality of second vibrating beams form another two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator. Two-degree-of-freedom right-angle oscillators are superposed on the main beam, so that the reduction of the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector and the shortening of the resonant frequency interval are facilitated, the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector can be well matched with the vibration environment with low frequency and multiple sources, and the broadband effect is better realized.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, a plurality of hollow areas are arranged on two edges of the first vibration beam perpendicular to the first extension beam; and a plurality of hollow areas are also arranged on two edges of the second vibrating beam perpendicular to the second extending beam.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the hollowed-out regions on the first vibration beam and the second vibration beam are arranged along the second direction.
It can be understood that the arrangement of the hollow areas along the second direction on the first vibration beam and the second vibration beam is beneficial to further reducing the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester.
In an optional embodiment of the present application, a plurality of hollow areas are arranged on two edges of the first extending beam perpendicular to the main beam; and a plurality of hollow areas are also arranged on two edges of the second extending beam vertical to the main beam.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the hollow areas on the first extension beam and the second extension beam are arranged along the first direction.
It can be understood that the arrangement of the hollow areas along the first direction on the first extending beam and the second extending beam is also beneficial to further reducing the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the first vibration beam and the second vibration beam are equal in size in the second direction; the size ratio of the main beam to the first vibration beam in the second direction is 14 to 9; the dimension ratio of the main beam to the second vibration beam in the second direction is also 14 to 9.
It can be understood that the sizes of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector are kept unchanged, the length of the main beam is 70mm, the lengths of the first vibrating beam and the second vibrating beam are changed only from 15mm to 45mm, and the influence of the length ratio of the main beam to the first vibrating beam on the output performance of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is tested. The result shows that the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is obviously reduced and the distance between the resonant frequencies of each order is also obviously reduced along with the gradual reduction of the length ratio of the main beam to the first vibration beam. When the length ratio of the main beam to the first vibration beam is 70/45 (namely 14/9), the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector reaches the minimum, and the resonant frequencies of each order are very close to each other, which is very beneficial to realizing series connection between working frequency bands.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the dimension of the main beam in the second direction is 70mm, and the dimensions of the first vibration beam and the second vibration beam in the second direction are 45 mm; and the distance between the adjacent first vibration beam and the second vibration beam is 5 mm.
It can be understood that when the distances between the adjacent first vibration beam and the second vibration beam are 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, 7mm and 9mm, the voltage output conditions of the first four-order working frequency band of the piezoelectric ceramic piece on the main beam of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector within 0-50Hz are respectively analyzed. Along with the gradual increase of the distance, the first-order and second-order voltage output peak values on the main beam piezoelectric ceramic chip are gradually reduced, and the third-order and fourth-order voltage output values are gradually increased. The distance between the two-order and the third-order resonant frequencies is kept stable, and the distance between the two-order and the third-order resonant frequencies is gradually increased; the valleys between the operating bands rise and then fall, and when the distance is 5mm, the two valleys reach the maximum. Therefore, when the distance between the adjacent first vibration beam and the second vibration beam is 5mm, the piezoelectric plate of the main beam of the device realizes the optimal broadband effect.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the first and second masses are the same size and material.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the number of the first vibration beams on the first extension beam is equal to the number of the second vibration beams on the second extension beam.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the vibration substrate is made of phosphor bronze material; the piezoelectric ceramic piece adopts PZT-5 series piezoelectric ceramics; the first mass block and the second mass block are both made of nickel materials.
It can be understood that the phosphor bronze material is used for the vibration substrate because the phosphor bronze material has good ductility. Because the piezoelectric ceramic PZT-5H has excellent time stability and temperature stability of electromechanical parameters, and the piezoelectric ceramic PZT-5 series has higher electromechanical coupling coefficient and stronger piezoelectric property, the piezoelectric ceramic piece of the structure selects PZT-5H; the nickel material has higher density and mature processing technology, so the first mass block and the second mass block of the structure both adopt the nickel material.
Has the advantages that:
the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is characterized in that the vibration substrate of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is of an interdigital structure and is composed of two-degree-of-freedom structures with different parameters. The first extending beam of the first L-shaped auxiliary beam and the plurality of first vibrating beams form a two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator, and the second extending beam of the second L-shaped auxiliary beam and the plurality of second vibrating beams form another two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator. Two-degree-of-freedom right-angle oscillators are superposed on the main beam, so that the reduction of the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector and the shortening of the resonant frequency interval are facilitated, the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector can be well matched with the vibration environment with low frequency and multiple sources, and the broadband effect is better realized.
To make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, alternative embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester provided in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the piezoceramic energy harvester shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of another piezoceramic energy harvester provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a top view of another piezoceramic energy harvester provided herein;
FIG. 5 is a top view of another piezoceramic energy harvester provided herein;
fig. 6 is a simulation diagram of voltage output of the main beam piezoelectric ceramic plate of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester shown in fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
the vibration damper comprises a base 10, a vibration substrate 20, a main beam 21, a first L-shaped secondary beam 22, a first extension beam 221, a first vibration beam 222, a second extension beam 231, a second vibration beam 232, a second L-shaped secondary beam 23, a piezoceramic sheet 30, a first mass block 40, a second mass block 50 and a hollow area 60.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The environmental vibration source has the characteristics of low frequency and small acceleration, and most of the environmental vibrations are the interaction results of a plurality of environmental vibration sources, so the environmental vibration source has the characteristics of a plurality of vibration sources. The working frequency of the traditional piezoelectric ceramic energy collector, such as the most common piezoelectric ceramic energy collector with a cantilever beam structure, is fixed at a higher resonance frequency point, and the effective working frequency band is limited in a narrower frequency band range, so that the effective working frequency band is narrower in bandwidth. When the vibration frequency of the external environment deviates from the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector, the output voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is obviously reduced. Therefore, how to collect the vibration energy of the vibration sources in a manner of adapting to the vibration environment of the low-frequency multiple vibration sources, that is, how to collect the vibration energy of each vibration source as much as possible in the low-frequency environment, is an urgent problem to be solved.
In order to reduce the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector, the degree of freedom of the vibration beam in the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector can be increased, but the increase of the degree of freedom of the vibration beam of the device can cause instability of the vibration beam and easily cause fracture in work.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present application provides a piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester, comprising: the vibration damper comprises a base 10, a vibration substrate 20, a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 30, a first mass block 40 and a second mass block 50; the vibration substrate 20 includes a main beam 21, a first L-shaped sub-beam 22, and a second L-shaped sub-beam 23.
One side surface of the base 10 is an attachment surface, and a direction perpendicular to the attachment surface is a first direction (as shown in the X direction in the figure); a plane perpendicular to the attachment surface is a working surface, a direction perpendicular to the first direction on the working surface is a second direction (as shown by Y direction in the drawing), and a direction perpendicular to the working surface is a third direction (as shown by Z direction in the drawing).
The main beam 21 is adhered to the attaching surface of the base 10, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 30 is adhered to the main beam 21; the main beam 21 has first and second L-shaped sub-beams 22 and 23 extending in the first direction from opposite ends thereof.
The first L-shaped secondary beam 22 includes a first extension beam 221 and a plurality of first vibration beams 222, the first extension beam 221 extends toward the second L-shaped secondary beam 23 along the second direction with the plurality of first vibration beams 222, and a first mass block 40 is attached to a distal end of each first vibration beam 222; the second L-shaped secondary beam 23 includes a second extension beam 231 and a plurality of second vibration beams 232, the second extension beam 231 extends toward the first L-shaped secondary beam 22 along the second direction to form a plurality of second vibration beams 232, and a second mass 50 is adhered to the end of each second vibration beam 232; the adjacent first vibration beams 222 form a gap therebetween, and the second vibration beam 232 is positioned between the gaps.
It can be understood that the application discloses a piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester, and the vibration substrate 20 of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester is of an interdigital structure and is composed of two-degree-of-freedom structures with different parameters. The first extending beam 221 and the first vibrating beams 222 of the first L-shaped secondary beam 22 form a two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator, and the second extending beam 231 and the second vibrating beams 232 of the second L-shaped secondary beam 23 form another two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator. Two-degree-of-freedom right-angle oscillators are superposed on the main beam 21, so that the reduction of the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector and the shortening of the resonant frequency interval are facilitated, the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector can be well matched with the vibration environment with low-frequency multiple sources, and the broadband effect is better realized.
As shown in fig. 3, in an alternative embodiment of the present application, a plurality of hollow areas 60 are arranged on two edges of the first vibration beam 222 perpendicular to the first extension beam 221; a plurality of hollow areas 60 are also arranged on two edges of the second vibration beam 232 perpendicular to the second extension beam 231.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the hollow areas 60 on the first vibration beam 222 and the second vibration beam 232 are arranged along the second direction.
It can be appreciated that the arrangement of the hollow-out regions 60 on the first vibration beam 222 and the second vibration beam 232 along the second direction is beneficial to further reduce the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoceramic energy harvester.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in an alternative embodiment of the present application, a plurality of hollow areas 60 are arranged on two edges of the first extending beam 221 perpendicular to the main beam 21; a plurality of hollow areas 60 are also arranged on two edges of the second extending beam 231 perpendicular to the main beam 21.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the hollow areas 60 on the first extension beam 221 and the second extension beam 231 are arranged along the first direction.
It can be understood that the arrangement of the hollow-out regions 60 along the first direction on the first extension beam 221 and the second extension beam 231 is also beneficial to further reduce the resonant frequency of each stage of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester.
For a classical cantilever beam with single degree of freedom, the resonant frequency of each order of the cantilever beam meets the following formula:
wherein f isnIs the n-th order resonant frequency,
is an n-order frequency coefficient, and the delta m is the weight of the mass block of the classical single-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam;
wherein M ise＝0.236mW(L-lm/2)+mWlm/2，
Wherein,
wherein W, L is the width and length of the cantilever beam with single degree of freedom lmThe EI is the total equivalent stiffness of a classical single degree of freedom cantilever beam as the mass length. It can be seen that the key parameters affecting the resonant frequency of each order of the cantilever beam with single degree of freedom include the characteristic parameters of each material, the length and height of the beam structure, and the size and position of the mass block, while the width of the beam structure has no effect on its natural frequency. Due to the existence of the hollow area 60, the single-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam is not a uniform beam any more, and the equivalent mass and the total equivalent stiffness of the beam in the formula are not constants any more, so that the change of the formula is caused, and the beam width becomes one of the factors influencing the natural frequency of the single-degree-of-freedom cantilever beam.
Therefore, in both the first vibration beam 222 and the second vibration beam 232 and the first extension beam 221 and the second extension beam 231, as long as the hollow area 60 exists in the width direction, the reduction of the resonant frequency of each stage of the piezoceramic energy harvester is affected.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the vibration substrate 20 is made of phosphor bronze material; the piezoelectric ceramic piece 30 adopts PZT-5 series piezoelectric ceramics; the first mass 40 and the second mass 50 are made of nickel material.
It is understood that the phosphor bronze material is used for the vibration substrate 20 because the phosphor bronze material has a good ductility. Because the piezoelectric ceramic PZT-5H has excellent time stability and temperature stability of electromechanical parameters, and the piezoelectric ceramic PZT-5 series has higher electromechanical coupling coefficient and stronger piezoelectric property, the piezoelectric ceramic piece 30 with the structure selects PZT-5H; the nickel material has higher density and mature processing technology, so the first mass block 40 and the second mass block 50 of the structure both adopt the nickel material.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the first vibration beam 222 and the second vibration beam 232 are equal in size in the second direction; the size ratio of the main beam 21 to the first vibration beam 222 in the second direction is 14 to 9; the size ratio of the main beam 21 to the second vibration beam 232 in the second direction is also 14 to 9.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the dimension of the main beam 21 in the second direction is 70mm, and the dimensions of the first vibration beam 222 and the second vibration beam 232 in the second direction are 45 mm; the distance between the adjacent first vibration beam 222 and second vibration beam 232 is 5 mm.
In the embodiment of the present application, specific parameters of the materials of the vibration substrate 20, the piezoelectric ceramic plate 30, the first mass block and the second mass block are shown in table 1. The initial dimensions of the piezoceramic energy harvester were set as shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 Material parameters of piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester
TABLE 2 initial parameters of the piezoceramic energy harvester
The dimensions of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester in table 2 are kept unchanged, the length of the main beam 21 is 70mm, the lengths of the first vibration beam 222 and the second vibration beam 232 are changed from 15mm to 45mm, and the influence of the length ratio of the main beam 21 and the first vibration beam 222 on the output performance of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester is tested. And table 3 is a table of the relationship between the front four-order resonant frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector and the change of the length ratio of the main beam to the first vibrating beam.
TABLE 3 Table of the relationship between the variation of the resonant frequency with the length ratio of the main beam and the first vibration beam
The result shows that as the length ratio of the main beam 21 to the first vibration beam 222 is gradually reduced, the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector is obviously reduced, and the distance between the resonant frequencies of each order is also obviously reduced. When the length ratio of the main beam 21 to the first vibration beam 222 is 70/45 (namely 14/9), the resonant frequencies of the orders of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester reach the minimum, and the resonant frequencies of the orders are very close to each other, which is very beneficial to realizing series connection between working frequency bands.
Keeping the sizes of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collectors in table 2 unchanged, and when the distances between the adjacent first vibration beam 222 and the second vibration beam 232 are 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, 7mm and 9mm, respectively analyzing the voltage output conditions of the first four-order working frequency band of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 30 on the main beam 21 of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector within 0-50 Hz. Along with the gradual increase of the distance, the two-order voltage output peak value on the piezoelectric ceramic piece 30 of the main beam 21 is gradually reduced, and the three-order and four-order voltage output value is gradually increased. The distance between the two-order and the third-order resonant frequencies is kept stable, and the distance between the two-order and the third-order resonant frequencies is gradually increased; the valleys between the operating bands rise and then fall, and when the distance is 5mm, the two valleys reach the maximum.
Therefore, when the distance between the adjacent first vibration beam 222 and the second vibration beam 232 is 5mm, the piezoelectric sheet of the main beam 21 achieves the best broadband effect, as shown in fig. 6. As can be seen from the figure, the main beam piezoelectric ceramic piece has three voltage output peak values in the low-frequency sweep range of 0-50Hz, and the three-fourth order resonant frequency is too close to be reflected as a peak value, which is collectively referred to as a third order voltage output peak value. The output peak values of the first three-order voltage of the main beam piezoelectric ceramic wafer are respectively 13.2V, 15.9V and 5V; the first three-order voltage input valley values are respectively 9.2V and 4V; the first-order effective working frequency band bandwidth BW1 is 6Hz, and the output voltage in the effective working frequency band is more than 9.3V; the second-order effective working frequency band bandwidth BW2 is 3.2Hz, and the output voltage in the effective working frequency band is more than 11.2V; the third-order effective working band bandwidth BW3 reaches a maximum of 25Hz, and the output voltage in the effective working band is more than 3.5V. That is to say, this piezoceramics energy collector can gather the extremely low environmental vibration energy of 25HZ scope to convert it into the electric energy that exceeds 3.5V and supply power for the electron device that needs, this shows that the effective working frequency band bandwidth of the piezoceramics energy collector disclosed in this application increases by a wide margin, and the size is less, first-order resonant frequency is lower, can well with the vibration environment phase-match of low frequency multisource, realizes the wide band effect better.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the first mass 40 and the second mass 50 are the same size and material.
In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the number of the first vibration beams 222 on the first extension beam 221 is equal to the number of the second vibration beams 232 on the second extension beam 231.
Has the advantages that:
it can be understood that the application discloses a piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester, and the vibration substrate 20 of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester is of an interdigital structure and is composed of two-degree-of-freedom structures with different parameters. The first extending beam 221 and the first vibrating beams 222 of the first L-shaped secondary beam 22 form a two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator, and the second extending beam 231 and the second vibrating beams 232 of the second L-shaped secondary beam 23 form another two-degree-of-freedom right-angle vibrator. Two-degree-of-freedom right-angle oscillators are superposed on the main beam 21, so that the reduction of the resonant frequency of each order of the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector and the shortening of the resonant frequency interval are facilitated, the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector can be well matched with the vibration environment with low-frequency multiple sources, and the broadband effect is better realized.
The specific preparation process of the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester shown in fig. 1 is as follows:
and (3) manufacturing a vibrating substrate, namely shearing the phosphor bronze substrate according to the shape and the size of the vibrating substrate required by the piezoelectric ceramic energy collector shown in the figure 1, placing the vibrating substrate in a heating box at the temperature of 300 ℃ for two hours, taking out the vibrating substrate, and cooling the vibrating substrate to room temperature, so as to ensure the smooth surface of the vibrating substrate. In the shearing step, a small-sized numerical control engraving machine can be adopted to shear the substrate copper sheet, and the engraving precision of the small-sized engraving machine is generally 0.01 mm.
Cleaning, polishing the cooled phosphor bronze vibration substrate with sand paper, removing an oxide film on the surface of the phosphor bronze vibration substrate, then clamping a degreasing cotton ball with tweezers, dipping the degreasing cotton ball in acetone solution, scrubbing the phosphor bronze vibration substrate and the PZT-5 series piezoelectric ceramic plates, placing the substrate on a glass slide, and drying the substrate in the air.
And (3) bonding, namely uniformly coating conductive silver adhesive on the surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic plates by using a small flat metal sheet, bonding the main beam part of the vibration substrate with the main beam part, and absorbing redundant adhesive by using acetone solution. In order to avoid poor conduction or non-conduction, the thickness of the bonding layer is generally 3-10. After bonding, it was placed flat on a platform and allowed to set for 24 hours at room temperature.
And the welding electrodes are respectively used for welding the two beams, and generally lead wires are welded on the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate and the lower surface of the metal substrate at the position close to the fixed end.
Fixing the mass block, polishing the nickel mass block ordered according to the required size by using sand paper, uniformly mixing epoxy resin AB glue according to the proportion of 1:1, coating the epoxy resin AB glue on the upper surface and the lower surface of the mass block, adhering the mass block with the first vibration beam and the second vibration beam according to the device structure, and placing the mass block after the mass block is solidified by gelling.
The embodiments in the present application are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. Especially, as for the device, apparatus and medium type embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is simple, and the related points may refer to part of the description of the method embodiments, which is not repeated here.
Thus, particular embodiments of the present subject matter have been described. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.
The expressions "first", "second", "said first" or "said second" used in various embodiments of the present disclosure may modify various components regardless of order and/or importance, but these expressions do not limit the respective components. The above description is only configured for the purpose of distinguishing elements from other elements. For example, the first user equipment and the second user equipment represent different user equipment, although both are user equipment. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
When an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to as being "operably or communicatively coupled" or "connected" (operably or communicatively) to "another element (e.g., a second element) or" connected "to another element (e.g., a second element), it is understood that the element is directly connected to the other element or the element is indirectly connected to the other element via yet another element (e.g., a third element). In contrast, it is understood that when an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element (a second element), no element (e.g., a third element) is interposed therebetween.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the technical principles applied. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention herein disclosed is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other arrangements formed by any combination of the above features or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
The foregoing is illustrative of only alternative embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, which may be modified or varied by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A piezoceramic energy harvester, comprising:
the device comprises a base, a vibration substrate, a piezoelectric ceramic piece, a first mass block and a second mass block;
the vibration substrate comprises a main beam, a first L-shaped auxiliary beam and a second L-shaped auxiliary beam;
the surface of one side of the base is an attaching surface, and the direction perpendicular to the attaching surface is a first direction; a plane perpendicular to the attaching surface is a working surface, a direction perpendicular to the first direction on the working surface is a second direction, and a direction perpendicular to the working surface is a third direction;
the main beam is adhered to the attaching surface of the base, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece is adhered to the main beam; the first L-shaped auxiliary beam and the second L-shaped auxiliary beam extend from two ends of the main beam in the first direction;
the first L-shaped auxiliary beam comprises a first extending beam and a plurality of first vibrating beams, the first extending beam extends towards the second L-shaped auxiliary beam along the second direction to form a plurality of first vibrating beams, and a first mass block is adhered to the tail end of each first vibrating beam;
the second L-shaped secondary beam comprises a second extension beam and a plurality of second vibration beams, the second extension beam extends towards the first L-shaped secondary beam along the second direction to form a plurality of second vibration beams, and a second mass block is adhered to the tail end of each second vibration beam;
gaps are formed between the adjacent first vibration beams, and the second vibration beam is positioned between the gaps;
the first vibration beam and the second vibration beam are equal in size in the second direction;
the size ratio of the main beam to the first vibration beam in the second direction is 14 to 9;
the dimension ratio of the main beam to the second vibration beam in the second direction is also 14 to 9.
2. The piezoceramic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester,
a plurality of hollow areas are arranged on two edges of the first vibrating beam perpendicular to the first extending beam;
and a plurality of hollow areas are also arranged on two edges of the second vibrating beam perpendicular to the second extending beam.
3. The piezoceramic energy harvester of claim 2,
the hollow areas on the first vibration beam and the second vibration beam are arranged along the second direction.
4. Piezoceramic energy harvester according to claim 1 or 2,
a plurality of hollow areas are arranged on two edges of the first extending beam, which are vertical to the main beam;
and a plurality of hollow areas are also arranged on two edges of the second extending beam vertical to the main beam.
5. The piezoceramic energy harvester of claim 4,
the hollow areas on the first extending beam and the second extending beam are arranged along the first direction.
6. The piezoceramic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester,
the size of the main beam in the second direction is 70mm, and the sizes of the first vibration beam and the second vibration beam in the second direction are 45 mm;
and the distance between the adjacent first vibration beam and the second vibration beam is 5 mm.
7. The piezoceramic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester,
the first mass and the second mass are the same in size and material.
8. The piezoceramic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester,
the number of the first vibrating beams on the first extending beam is equal to the number of the second vibrating beams on the second extending beam.
9. The piezoceramic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester,
the vibration substrate is made of phosphor bronze material;
the piezoelectric ceramic piece adopts PZT-5 series piezoelectric ceramics;
the first mass block and the second mass block are both made of nickel materials.
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