CN113067009A - Efficient utilization system for composite energy of underwater equipment and use method - Google Patents
Efficient utilization system for composite energy of underwater equipment and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113067009A CN113067009A CN202110302528.4A CN202110302528A CN113067009A CN 113067009 A CN113067009 A CN 113067009A CN 202110302528 A CN202110302528 A CN 202110302528A CN 113067009 A CN113067009 A CN 113067009A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
A composite energy efficient utilization system for underwater equipment and a use method thereof comprise a cabin structure, wherein an adherent water tank and a generating water tank are fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface of the cabin structure, a conformal heat conduction structure is also fixed on the inner wall surface of the cabin structure, a plurality of temperature difference batteries which are mutually connected are arranged on the conformal heat conduction structure, and every two temperature difference batteries are connected with an integrated water plate; the interior of the cabin body structure is provided with a fuel cell module, one end of the fuel cell module is connected with a hydrogen cylinder through a pipeline, and the other end of the fuel cell module is connected with an oxygen cylinder through a pipeline; the fuel cell module is also connected with the generation water tank through a pipeline; the circulating water pump, the wall-attached water tank and the integrated water plate are sequentially connected in series through pipelines; the fuel cell direct current converter, the temperature difference cell direct current converter and the other integrated water plate are sequentially connected in series through pipelines, and the integrated water plates are connected to the fuel cell module through pipelines, so that the working efficiency of underwater equipment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater equipment energy, in particular to an efficient compound energy utilization system for underwater equipment and a using method thereof.
Background
At present, the people increasingly pay more attention to entering the ocean and developing ocean development, and the survival and development state of the nations related to the ocean career and the aging and safety of the nations related to the ocean career are emphasized for many times. The ocean is required to be developed by means of ocean scientific and technological equipment, and various civil and military underwater equipment such as AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle), glider and the like are important equipment means for performing tasks such as marine environment investigation, resource exploration, underwater target identification, military reconnaissance and the like. The underwater equipment can work underwater for a long time in a long-range way when detection and operation tasks are executed, the underwater energy technology is a key technology influencing the working efficiency of the underwater equipment, and an energy system is required to have high power generation efficiency.
The fuel cell system is applied to underwater equipment, has the advantages of high efficiency, no waste gas emission, small infrared characteristic and the like, and becomes an important direction for the development of the energy technology of the underwater equipment. Compared with a conventional power device, the fuel cell has the efficiency of over 50 percent, the operating temperature of the fuel cell is about 70-80 ℃, the generated redundant heat needs to be taken out of the interior of the fuel cell through a cooling medium, and in a common fuel cell system, the heat energy generated by the fuel cell is directly discharged to the ambient environment without generating actual effect. The method utilizes the waste heat of the fuel cell and converts the waste heat into electric energy, which is one way to further improve the generating efficiency of the system, and underwater equipment obtains more electric energy to further improve the underwater operation efficiency. The thermoelectric cell is a device which utilizes a Seebeck effect to directly convert temperature difference into electric energy by utilizing thermoelectric materials, high temperature generated by the fuel cell has higher temperature difference with low temperature in an ocean underwater environment, and the thermoelectric cell converts the heat energy into the electric energy by utilizing thermoelectric power generation, so that the power generation efficiency of a fuel cell system can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant provides a system for efficiently utilizing the composite energy of the underwater equipment and a using method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the waste heat generated by the fuel cell module is utilized to generate electricity, and the working efficiency of the underwater equipment is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system comprises a cabin structure, wherein an adherent water tank and a generating water tank are fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface of the cabin structure, a conformal heat conduction structure is further fixed on the inner wall surface of the cabin structure, a plurality of temperature difference batteries which are mutually connected are arranged on the conformal heat conduction structure, and every two temperature difference batteries are connected with an integrated water plate;
a fuel cell module is arranged inside the cabin body structure, one end of the fuel cell module is connected with a hydrogen cylinder through a pipeline, a hydrogen pipeline valve group is arranged on the pipeline between the fuel cell module and the hydrogen cylinder, the other end of the fuel cell module is connected with an oxygen cylinder through a pipeline, and an oxygen pipeline valve group is arranged on the pipeline between the fuel cell module and the oxygen cylinder;
the fuel cell module is also connected with the generation water tank through a pipeline;
the fuel cell module is also sequentially connected with a circulating water pump, an adherence water tank and an integrated water plate in series through pipelines;
the fuel cell module is also sequentially connected with a fuel cell direct current converter, a temperature difference cell direct current converter and another integrated water plate in series through pipelines,
the integrated water plates are connected to the fuel cell module through pipelines.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the hydrogen cylinders are arranged in two and placed on the outer wall surface of the fuel cell module.
The hydrogen cylinder is in a cylinder form wound by aluminum alloy inner containers and carbon fibers.
The hydrogen pipeline valve group and the oxygen pipeline valve group have the same structure, and are composed of a filter, a pressure reducing valve and corresponding instruments and meters, so that high-pressure gas in the hydrogen cylinder and the oxygen cylinder is reduced and stabilized to an index range required by the fuel cell module.
The cabin body structure is a watertight pressure-resistant structure equipped underwater, bears underwater high-pressure environment and is made of steel or titanium alloy.
The outside of the cabin body structure is high-pressure seawater, and the internal environment is a normal-pressure closed environment.
The integrated water plates are connected in parallel and provided with two groups.
The integrated water plate adopts a cuboid flat structure.
The fuel cell DC converter and the temperature difference cell DC converter are simultaneously connected with the storage battery.
A use method of a composite energy efficient utilization system of underwater equipment comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: firstly, storing fuel high-purity hydrogen required by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module by a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, and storing oxidant high-purity oxygen required by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module by a high-pressure oxygen cylinder;
the second step is that: the high-pressure hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder is transmitted to a hydrogen pipeline valve group through a hydrogen pipeline, and the high-pressure hydrogen is decompressed and stabilized to an index range required by the operation of the fuel cell module through the hydrogen pipeline valve group; the high-pressure oxygen stored in the high-pressure oxygen bottle is transmitted to the oxygen pipeline valve group through a pipeline, and the high-pressure oxygen is decompressed and stabilized to an index range required by the operation of the fuel cell module through the oxygen pipeline valve group;
the third step: electrochemical reaction is carried out inside the fuel cell module, hydrogen reacts to generate hydrogen ions and electrons under the action of an anode catalyst, the hydrogen ions migrate to a cathode inside the fuel cell module through a proton exchange membrane, the hydrogen ions react with oxygen to generate water under the action of a cathode catalyst, the electrons generate electric energy through an external circuit, and the water generated by the reaction is input into a generating water tank to be stored;
the fourth step: generating heat energy while generating electrical energy by electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module, the generated heat energy being required to be carried out of the fuel cell module;
the fifth step: deionized water for cooling the fuel cell module is stored in the wall-attached water tank, when the system runs, the circulating water pump extracts the deionized water in the wall-attached water tank, the deionized water is pumped into a cooling flow channel of the fuel cell module, heat energy generated by the fuel cell module is absorbed in the cooling flow channel and is taken out, when the high-temperature deionized water passes through the integrated water plate, high temperature is conducted to a high temperature end of the thermoelectric cell, the temperature is reduced after the high temperature deionized water is absorbed by the thermoelectric cell, then the deionized water is continuously sent into the wall-attached water tank through a cooling water pipeline under the driving of the circulating water pump, and in the wall-attached water tank, the deionized water transfers redundant heat energy to the surrounding seawater environment through the wall-attached;
and a sixth step: the electric energy generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module is transmitted to an external circuit, the fluctuating voltage is converted into the voltage adaptive to the storage battery pack through the fuel cell DC converter, the fuel cell DC converter plays a role in adjusting and adjusting the electric energy output of the fuel cell module and the storage battery pack, or the electric energy generated by the fuel cell module is transmitted to the storage battery pack according to the working condition, the storage battery pack is charged, and finally the electric energy and the storage battery pack provide the electric energy for a power grid together;
the seventh step: the hot junction of thermoelectric cell absorbs the heat energy of the high temperature cooling water that comes out from the fuel cell module through integrated water board to sea water low temperature in with the external environment transmits to the low temperature end of thermoelectric cell through conformal heat conduction structure, form the difference in temperature at the high temperature end of thermoelectric cell and low temperature end, produce thermoelectric electromotive force, carry the electric energy to the outer circuit after the thermoelectric cell is established ties, and become the electromotive force that produces into the voltage that suits with storage battery through thermoelectric cell DC converter, provide the electric energy to the electric wire netting after being connected with storage battery.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, adopts the fuel cell and the thermoelectric cell composite energy system according to the characteristics of the fuel cell system and the applied marine environment, and utilizes the waste heat generated by the fuel cell module to generate electricity, thereby improving the working efficiency of underwater equipment.
Part of the heat energy generated by the fuel cell is absorbed by the thermoelectric cell, and the heat energy transferred to the external environment seawater is reduced, so that the infrared characteristic of the composite energy system is further reduced, and the concealment of underwater equipment is enhanced.
The invention utilizes the mode of heat dissipation transmitted by the thermoelectric cell and the wall-attached water tank, reduces the penetration of pipelines into the cabin and is beneficial to improving the vitality of underwater equipment.
The invention relates to a composite energy efficient utilization system of an underwater fuel cell system and a thermoelectric cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a hydrogen gas cylinder; 2. a hydrogen gas pipeline valve group; 3. a fuel cell module; 4. an oxygen line valve bank; 5. an oxygen cylinder; 6. a cabin structure; 7. wall-adhering water tank; 8. a water circulating pump; 9. generating a water tank; 10. a thermoelectric cell; 11. a water collecting plate; 12. a conformal thermally conductive structure; 13. a thermoelectric cell DC converter; 14. a fuel cell DC converter; 15. and (5) a storage battery pack.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for efficiently utilizing the composite energy of the underwater equipment of the embodiment includes a cabin structure 6, an adherence water tank 7 and a generation water tank 9 are fixedly installed on an inner wall surface of the cabin structure 6, a conformal heat conducting structure 12 is also fixed on the inner wall surface of the cabin structure 6, a plurality of thermoelectric cells 10 connected with each other are installed on the conformal heat conducting structure 12, and every two thermoelectric cells 10 are connected with an integrated water plate 11;
a fuel cell module 3 is arranged in the cabin structure 6, one end of the fuel cell module 3 is connected with a hydrogen cylinder 1 through a pipeline, a hydrogen pipeline valve group 2 is arranged on the pipeline between the fuel cell module 3 and the hydrogen cylinder 1, the other end of the fuel cell module 3 is connected with an oxygen cylinder 5 through a pipeline, and an oxygen pipeline valve group 4 is arranged on the pipeline between the fuel cell module 3 and the oxygen cylinder 5;
the fuel cell module 3 is also connected with a generation water tank 9 through a pipeline;
the fuel cell module 3 is also sequentially connected with a circulating water pump 8, an adherence water tank 7 and an integrated water plate 11 in series through pipelines;
the fuel cell module 3 is also connected in series with a fuel cell dc converter 14, a thermoelectric cell dc converter 13 and another integration water plate 11 in sequence through pipelines,
the integrated water plates 11 are each connected to the fuel cell module 3 by a pipe.
Two hydrogen cylinders 1 are provided and placed on the outer wall surface of the fuel cell module 3.
The hydrogen cylinder 1 is in a cylinder form wound by aluminum alloy inner containers and carbon fibers.
The hydrogen pipeline valve group 2 and the oxygen pipeline valve group 4 have the same structure, and are composed of a filter, a pressure reducing valve and corresponding instruments and meters, so that the high-pressure gas in the hydrogen cylinder 1 and the oxygen cylinder 5 is reduced and stabilized to the index range required by the fuel cell module 3.
The cabin body structure 6 is a watertight pressure-resistant structure equipped underwater, bears underwater high-pressure environment, and is made of steel or titanium alloy.
The outside of the cabin structure 6 is high-pressure seawater, and the internal environment is a normal-pressure closed environment.
Two groups of integrated water plates 11 are arranged in parallel.
The integrated water plate 11 adopts a rectangular parallelepiped flat structure.
The fuel cell dc converter 14 and the thermoelectric cell dc converter 13 are connected to the battery pack 15 at the same time.
The use method of the composite energy efficient utilization system of the underwater equipment comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: firstly, storing fuel high-purity hydrogen required by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module 3 by a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder 1, and storing oxidant high-purity oxygen required by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module 3 by a high-pressure oxygen cylinder 5;
the second step is that: the high-pressure hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder 1 is transmitted to the hydrogen pipeline valve group 2 through a hydrogen pipeline, and the high-pressure hydrogen is decompressed and stabilized to an index range required by the operation of the fuel cell module 3 through the hydrogen pipeline valve group 2; the high-pressure oxygen stored in the high-pressure oxygen bottle 5 is transmitted to the oxygen pipeline valve group 4 through a pipeline, and the high-pressure oxygen is decompressed and stabilized to an index range required by the operation of the fuel cell module 3 through the oxygen pipeline valve group 4;
the third step: electrochemical reaction is carried out inside the fuel cell module 3, hydrogen reacts to generate hydrogen ions and electrons under the action of an anode catalyst, the hydrogen ions migrate to a cathode inside the fuel cell module 3 through a proton exchange membrane, the hydrogen ions react with oxygen to generate water under the action of a cathode catalyst, the electrons generate electric energy through an external circuit, and the water generated by the reaction is input into a generating water tank 9 to be stored;
the fourth step: generating heat energy while the fuel cell module 3 generates electric energy through electrochemical reaction, the generated heat energy needs to be taken out of the fuel cell module 3;
the fifth step: deionized water for cooling the fuel cell module 3 is stored in the adherent water tank 7, when the system is in operation, the circulating water pump 8 extracts the deionized water in the adherent water tank 7, the deionized water is pumped into a cooling flow channel of the fuel cell module 3, heat energy generated by the fuel cell module 3 is absorbed in the cooling flow channel and is taken out, when the high-temperature deionized water passes through the integrated water plate 11, high temperature is conducted to the high temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10, the temperature is reduced after the heat energy is absorbed by the thermoelectric cell 10, then the deionized water is continuously sent to the adherent water tank 7 through a cooling water pipeline under the driving of the circulating water pump 8, and in the adherent water tank 7, the deionized water transfers redundant heat energy to the surrounding seawater environment through the adherent structure heat conduction of the adherent water tank 7;
and a sixth step: the electric energy generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module 3 is transmitted to an external circuit, the fluctuating voltage is converted into the voltage adaptive to the storage battery pack 15 through the fuel cell DC converter 14, the fuel cell DC converter 14 plays a role in adjusting and adjusting the electric energy output of the fuel cell module 3 and the storage battery pack 15, or the electric energy generated by the fuel cell module 3 is transmitted to the storage battery pack 15 according to the working condition, the electric energy is charged to the storage battery pack 15, and finally the electric energy and the storage battery pack 15 provide the electric energy for a power grid together;
the seventh step: the hot junction of thermoelectric cell 10 absorbs the heat energy of the high temperature cooling water that comes out from fuel cell module 3 through integrated water board 11 to transmit the sea water low temperature in the external environment to the low temperature end of thermoelectric cell 10 through conformal heat conduction structure 12, form the difference in temperature at the high temperature end and the low temperature end of thermoelectric cell 10, produce thermoelectric electromotive force, carry the electric energy to the outer circuit after thermoelectric cell 10 establishes ties, and change the electromotive force who produces into the voltage that suits with storage battery 15 through thermoelectric cell DC converter 13, provide the electric energy to the electric wire netting after being connected with storage battery 15.
The specific structure and function of the invention are as follows:
a hydrogen cylinder 1, which stores hydrogen in a high-pressure hydrogen form and provides hydrogen to a rear end device, wherein high-purity hydrogen is generally used in underwater equipment, and the hydrogen cylinder 1 is usually in a carbon fiber wound cylinder form with an aluminum alloy liner; the hydrogen cylinder 1 is connected with the hydrogen pipeline valve group 2 through pipelines.
A hydrogen pipeline valve group 2, which is used for reducing and stabilizing the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder 1 to the index range required by the fuel cell module 3 and consists of a filter, a pressure reducing valve, a flame arrester, corresponding instruments and meters and the like; the hydrogen pipeline valve group 2 is connected with the hydrogen cylinder 1 and the fuel cell module 3.
The fuel cell module 3, namely the fuel cell module 3 is a place for electrochemical reaction, and directly converts chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen which are conveyed to the inside of the fuel cell module 3 into electric energy for output, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell can reach more than 50 percent, heat energy is generated while the electric energy is generated, and the generated heat energy needs to be taken out of the fuel cell module 3 through a coolant to ensure the normal work of the fuel cell module 3;
the cells employed within the fuel cell module 3 are typically proton exchange membrane fuel cells;
the fuel cell module 3 has more interfaces, one is connected with the hydrogen pipeline valve group 2 through a hydrogen pipeline, the other is connected with the oxygen pipeline valve group 4 through an oxygen pipeline, the other is connected with the generating water tank 9 through a generating water pipeline, the other is connected with the circulating water pump 8 through a cooling water pipeline, the other is connected with the integrated water plate 11 through a cooling water pipeline, and the other is connected with the fuel cell direct current converter 14 through a cable.
The oxygen pipeline valve group 4 is used for reducing and stabilizing the pressure of the high-pressure oxygen in the oxygen cylinder 5 to an index range required by the fuel cell module 3, and comprises a filter, a pressure reducing valve, corresponding instruments and meters and the like; the oxygen pipeline valve group 4 is connected with the oxygen bottle 5 and the fuel cell module 3.
An oxygen cylinder 5 for storing oxygen in the form of high pressure oxygen and supplying the oxygen to a rear end device, wherein high purity oxygen is generally used in underwater equipment; the oxygen cylinder 5 is connected with the oxygen pipeline valve group 4 through a pipeline.
The cabin structure 6 is a watertight pressure-resistant structure for underwater equipment, needs to bear an underwater high-pressure environment, is an installation place for underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system equipment, and is usually made of high-strength steel or titanium alloy;
the outside of the cabin structure 6 is high-pressure seawater, and the internal environment is a normal-pressure closed environment.
The wall-attached water tank 7 has two functions, namely, deionized water for circulating cooling is stored, and the wall-attached water tank 7 is designed to be conformal with the cabin body structure 6 as a conduction and heat dissipation structure, so that the excessive waste heat of the internal deionized water is transferred to the surrounding seawater environment through the heat conduction of the cabin wall. Adherence water tank 7 is connected with circulating water pump 8 through cooling water pipeline, is connected with integrated water board 11 through cooling water pipeline, structurally through conformal project organization and 6 adherence connections of cabin body structure.
The circulating water pump 8 is used for pumping the low-temperature deionized water in the adherence water tank 7 to the fuel cell module 3 through the circulating water pump 8 and taking away the heat energy generated by the fuel cell module 3; the circulating water pump 8 is connected with the adherence water tank 7 through a cooling water pipeline and is connected with the integrated water plate 11 through the cooling water pipeline.
A generation water tank 9, wherein the product of the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell module 3 is water, and the generation water tank 9 is used for storing the generated water output by the fuel cell module 3; the production water tank 9 is connected to the fuel cell module 3 through a production water line.
The thermoelectric cell 10, a device which utilizes the seebeck effect and utilizes thermoelectric materials to directly convert the temperature difference into electric energy, one end of an N-type semiconductor and one end of a P-type semiconductor of two different types of thermoelectric conversion materials are placed in a high-temperature state, and the other end of the N-type semiconductor and the other end of the P-type semiconductor are placed in a low-temperature state to form thermoelectric electromotive force.
In the invention, cooling water pumped into the fuel cell module 3 absorbs heat energy and then is converted into high-temperature cooling water, the high-temperature cooling water transfers the heat energy to the high-temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10 after passing through the integrated water plate 11, the low-temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10 is connected with the conformal heat conducting structure 12, and the low temperature of external environment seawater is transferred to the conformal heat conducting structure 12 from the cabin structure 6 and finally transferred to the low-temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10.
In the invention, the high temperature of the high-temperature cooling water and the low temperature of the low-temperature seawater act on the thermoelectric cell 10 together to form thermoelectric electromotive force; the thermoelectric cells 10 are attached to the integrated water plate 11 and attached to the conformal heat conducting structure 12, the thermoelectric cells 10 are connected in series to improve the overall electromotive force, and are connected to the thermoelectric cell direct current converter 13 through cables.
The integrated water plate 11 is a cuboid flat structure and is used for increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange capacity, high-temperature cooling water coming out of the fuel cell module 3 is introduced into the integrated water plate 11, the high-temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10 is attached to the heat exchange surface of the integrated water plate 11, and the integrated water plate 11 transfers the heat of the high-temperature cooling water to the high-temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10; the integrated water plate 11 is connected with the fuel cell module 3 through a cooling water pipeline, is connected with the wall-attached water tank 7 through a cooling water pipeline, and is attached and connected with the high-temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10.
The conformal heat conducting structure 12, the conformal heat conducting structure 12 and the cabin structure 6 are designed in a conformal manner, seawater in the external environment is transferred to the conformal heat conducting structure 12 at a low temperature through heat conduction of the cabin wall, the low-temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10 is attached to the heat exchange surface of the conformal heat conducting structure 12, and the conformal heat conducting structure 12 transfers the low temperature to the low-temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10; the conformal heat conducting structure 12 is attached to the cabin structure 6 and to the low temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10.
A thermoelectric cell direct current converter 13, wherein in application, temperature difference electromotive force generated by the thermoelectric cell 10 fluctuates due to power change of the fuel cell module 3 and temperature change caused by conversion of underwater equipment in underwater working depth, the thermoelectric cell direct current converter 13 is used for converting fluctuating electromotive force generated by the thermoelectric cell 10 into voltage adaptive to the storage battery pack 15, and the voltage is connected with the storage battery pack 15 to provide electric energy for a direct current power grid; the thermoelectric cell dc converter 13 is connected to the thermoelectric cell 10 by a cable, and is connected to the battery pack 15 by a cable.
A fuel cell dc converter 14, in which the output voltage of the fuel cell module 3 changes with the change of the output power, and the fuel cell dc converter 14 is used for converting the changed output voltage generated by the fuel cell module 3 into a voltage suitable for the storage battery pack 15, and provides electric energy to a dc power grid after being connected with the storage battery pack 15; the fuel cell dc converter 14 is connected to the fuel cell module 3 by a cable, and is connected to the battery pack 15 by a cable.
The storage battery pack 15 is used for storing electric energy and playing a role in peak clipping and valley filling of a power grid, and when the power of the power grid changes, the storage battery pack 15 responds to the power change of the power grid under the condition that the power response of the fuel cell module 3 is relatively slow; the battery pack 15 is connected to the thermoelectric cell dc converter 13 by a cable, and is connected to the fuel cell dc converter 14 by a cable.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
firstly), high-pressure hydrogen cylinders 1 store fuel high-purity hydrogen required by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell modules 3, and high-pressure oxygen cylinders 5 store oxidant high-purity oxygen required by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell modules 3. The high-pressure hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder 1 is transmitted to the hydrogen pipeline valve group 2 through a hydrogen pipeline, and the high-pressure hydrogen is decompressed and stabilized to an index range required by the operation of the fuel cell module 3 through the hydrogen pipeline valve group 2; the high-pressure oxygen stored in the high-pressure oxygen bottle 5 is transmitted to the oxygen pipeline valve group 4 through a pipeline, and the high-pressure oxygen is decompressed and stabilized to an index range required by the operation of the fuel cell module 3 through the oxygen pipeline valve group 4.
And secondly) electrochemical reaction is carried out in the fuel cell module 3, hydrogen reacts to generate hydrogen ions and electrons under the action of an anode catalyst, the hydrogen ions migrate to a cathode through a proton exchange membrane in the fuel cell module 3, the hydrogen ions react with oxygen to generate water under the action of a cathode catalyst, the electrons generate electric energy through an external circuit, and the water generated by the reaction is input into a generation water tank 9 to be stored. Thermal energy is generated while the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module 3 occurs to generate electric energy, and the generated thermal energy needs to be carried out of the fuel cell module 3.
Thirdly), deionized water for cooling the fuel cell module 3 is stored in the adherence water tank 7, when the system is in operation, the circulating water pump 8 pumps the deionized water in the adherence water tank 7 into the cooling flow channel of the fuel cell module 3, and the heat energy generated by the fuel cell module 3 is absorbed in the cooling flow channel and is carried out. When the high-temperature deionized water passes through the integrated water plate 11, the high temperature is conducted to the high temperature end of the thermoelectric cell 10, the temperature is reduced after the thermoelectric cell 10 absorbs heat energy, and then the deionized water is continuously sent to the adherent water tank 7 through the cooling water pipeline under the driving of the circulating water pump 8. In the adherent water tank 7, the deionized water transfers the redundant heat energy to the surrounding seawater environment through the heat conduction of the adherent structure of the adherent water tank 7.
Fourthly) the electric energy generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module 3 is transmitted to an external circuit, the fluctuating voltage is converted into the voltage adaptive to the storage battery pack 15 through the fuel cell DC converter 14, the fuel cell DC converter 14 plays a role in adjusting and adjusting the electric energy output of the fuel cell module 3 and the storage battery pack 15, or the electric energy generated by the fuel cell module 3 is transmitted to the storage battery pack 15 according to the working condition, the storage battery pack 15 is charged, and finally the electric energy and the storage battery pack 15 jointly provide the electric energy for the power grid; the hot junction of thermoelectric cell 10 absorbs the heat energy of the high temperature cooling water that comes out from fuel cell module 3 through integrated water board 11 to transmit the sea water low temperature in the external environment to the low temperature end of thermoelectric cell 10 through conformal heat conduction structure 12, form the difference in temperature at the high temperature end and the low temperature end of thermoelectric cell 10, produce thermoelectric electromotive force, carry the electric energy to the outer circuit after thermoelectric cell 10 establishes ties, and change the electromotive force who produces into the voltage that suits with storage battery 15 through thermoelectric cell DC converter 13, provide the electric energy to the electric wire netting after being connected with storage battery 15.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an equip high-efficient system that utilizes of compound energy which characterized in that under water: the wall-attached water tank structure comprises a cabin body structure (6), wherein an wall-attached water tank (7) and a generated water tank (9) are fixedly arranged on the inner wall surface of the cabin body structure (6), a conformal heat conduction structure (12) is further fixed on the inner wall surface of the cabin body structure (6), a plurality of temperature difference batteries (10) which are mutually connected are arranged on the conformal heat conduction structure (12), and every two temperature difference batteries (10) are connected with an integrated water plate (11);
a fuel cell module (3) is arranged inside the cabin structure (6), one end of the fuel cell module (3) is connected with a hydrogen cylinder (1) through a pipeline, a hydrogen pipeline valve group (2) is installed on the pipeline between the fuel cell module (3) and the hydrogen cylinder (1), the other end of the fuel cell module (3) is connected with an oxygen cylinder (5) through a pipeline, and an oxygen pipeline valve group (4) is installed on the pipeline between the fuel cell module (3) and the oxygen cylinder (5);
the fuel cell module (3) is also connected with a generating water tank (9) through a pipeline;
the fuel cell module (3) is also sequentially connected with a circulating water pump (8), an adherence water tank (7) and an integrated water plate (11) in series through pipelines;
the fuel cell module (3) is also sequentially connected with a fuel cell direct current converter (14), a temperature difference cell direct current converter (13) and another integrated water plate (11) in series through pipelines,
the integrated water plates (11) are connected to the fuel cell modules (3) through pipelines.
2. The underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system of claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen cylinders (1) are arranged in two and placed on the outer wall surface of the fuel cell module (3).
3. The underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system of claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen cylinder (1) is in a cylinder form wound by aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber.
4. The underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system of claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen pipeline valve group (2) and the oxygen pipeline valve group (4) have the same structure, and are composed of a filter, a pressure reducing valve and corresponding instruments and meters, so that high-pressure gas in the hydrogen cylinder (1) and the oxygen cylinder (5) is reduced and stabilized to an index range required by the fuel cell module (3).
5. The underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system of claim 1, characterized in that: the cabin body structure (6) is a watertight pressure-resistant structure equipped underwater, bears underwater high-pressure environment and is made of steel or titanium alloy.
6. The underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system of claim 1, characterized in that: the outside of the cabin body structure (6) is high-pressure seawater, and the internal environment is a normal-pressure closed environment.
7. The underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system of claim 1, characterized in that: the integrated water plates (11) are connected in parallel and are provided with two groups.
8. The underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system of claim 1, characterized in that: the integrated water plate (11) adopts a cuboid flat structure.
9. The underwater equipment composite energy efficient utilization system of claim 1, characterized in that: the fuel cell direct current converter (14) and the thermoelectric cell direct current converter (13) are simultaneously connected with the storage battery pack (15).
10. The use method of the composite energy efficient utilization system of the underwater equipment as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: firstly, storing fuel high-purity hydrogen required by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module (3) by a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder (1), and storing oxidant high-purity oxygen required by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module (3) by a high-pressure oxygen cylinder (5);
the second step is that: the high-pressure hydrogen stored in the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder (1) is transmitted to a hydrogen pipeline valve group (2) through a hydrogen pipeline, and the high-pressure hydrogen is decompressed and stabilized to an index range required by the operation of the fuel cell module (3) through the hydrogen pipeline valve group (2); the high-pressure oxygen stored in the high-pressure oxygen bottle (5) is transmitted to the oxygen pipeline valve group (4) through a pipeline, and the high-pressure oxygen is decompressed and stabilized to an index range required by the operation of the fuel cell module (3) through the oxygen pipeline valve group (4);
the third step: electrochemical reaction is carried out inside the fuel cell module (3), hydrogen reacts to generate hydrogen ions and electrons under the action of an anode catalyst, the hydrogen ions migrate to a cathode through a proton exchange membrane inside the fuel cell module (3), the hydrogen ions react with oxygen to generate water under the action of a cathode catalyst, the electrons generate electric energy through an external circuit, and the water generated by the reaction is input into a generating water tank (9) to be stored;
the fourth step: generating heat energy while the fuel cell module (3) is electrochemically reacted to generate electrical energy, the generated heat energy being required to be carried out of the fuel cell module (3);
the fifth step: deionized water for cooling the fuel cell module (3) is stored in the adherent water tank (7), when the system is operated, the circulating water pump (8) extracts the deionized water in the adherent water tank (7), the deionized water is pumped into a cooling flow channel of the fuel cell module (3), heat energy generated by the fuel cell module (3) is absorbed in the cooling flow channel and is taken out, when the high-temperature deionized water passes through the integrated water plate (11), high temperature is conducted to the high-temperature end of the temperature difference cell (10), the temperature is reduced after the heat energy is absorbed by the temperature difference cell (10), then the deionized water is continuously sent to the adherent water tank (7) through a cooling water pipeline under the driving of the circulating water pump (8), and in the adherent water tank (7), the deionized water transfers redundant heat energy to the surrounding seawater environment through the heat conduction of the adherent structure of the adherent water tank (7);
and a sixth step: the electric energy generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell module (3) is transmitted to an external circuit, the fluctuating voltage is converted into the voltage adaptive to the storage battery pack (15) through the fuel cell direct current converter (14), the fuel cell direct current converter (14) plays a role in adjusting and adjusting the electric energy output of the fuel cell module (3) and the storage battery pack (15), or the electric energy generated by the fuel cell module (3) is transmitted to the storage battery pack (15) according to the working condition, the storage battery pack (15) is charged, and finally the electric energy and the storage battery pack (15) provide the electric energy for a power grid together;
the seventh step: the hot junction of thermoelectric cell (10) absorbs the heat energy of the high temperature cooling water that comes out from fuel cell module (3) through integrated water board (11), and transmit the sea water low temperature in the external environment to the low temperature end of thermoelectric cell (10) through conformal heat conduction structure (12), form the difference in temperature at the high temperature end and the low temperature end of thermoelectric cell (10), produce the thermoelectric electromotive force, carry the electric energy to the outer circuit after thermoelectric cell (10) establish ties, and change the electromotive force who produces into the voltage that suits with storage battery (15) through thermoelectric cell DC converter (13), provide the electric energy to the electric wire netting after being connected with storage battery (15).
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| JP2005291112A (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Takeo Saito | Temperature difference power generation device |
| CN201156571Y (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-11-26 | 浙江大学 | Thermoelectric cell and fuel cell cascade compound electricity generation apparatus |
| CN102484269A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2012-05-30 | 波音公司 | Thermoelectric generator and fuel cell for electric power co-generation |
| CN107901772A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-13 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of fuel cell temperature difference electricity generation device applied to automobile combines energy supplying system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005291112A (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Takeo Saito | Temperature difference power generation device |
| CN201156571Y (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-11-26 | 浙江大学 | Thermoelectric cell and fuel cell cascade compound electricity generation apparatus |
| CN102484269A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2012-05-30 | 波音公司 | Thermoelectric generator and fuel cell for electric power co-generation |
| CN107901772A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-13 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of fuel cell temperature difference electricity generation device applied to automobile combines energy supplying system |
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