CN113066830B - Display panel, preparation method thereof and display device - Google Patents
Display panel, preparation method thereof and display device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a display panel, a preparation method thereof and a display device, wherein a specific implementation mode of the display panel comprises the following steps: a substrate; the first sub-pixel unit, the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit respectively comprise an excitation area and a display area arranged on the side face of the excitation area, wherein the excitation area is used for emitting excitation light, and the excitation light is guided into the display area so as to enable the display area to emit light. The display area is arranged on the side face of the excitation area, so that the light emitting efficiency of the display panel can be improved, and the light crosstalk between emergent lights can be prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display. And more particularly, to a display panel, a method of manufacturing the same, and a display device.
Background
An Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display device has the advantages of being Light, thin, high in brightness, low in power consumption, fast in response, high in definition, good in flexibility, high in Light-Emitting efficiency, capable of meeting new requirements of consumers for display technologies, and the like, and becomes a development trend in the future.
In the existing OLED display panel, a luminous source is adopted as a quantum dot light source, and the quantum dot light source has the display advantages of narrow luminous spectrum, high color purity and the like. However, the display panel has the problems of light crosstalk, low utilization rate of exciting light, complex preparation process and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present application is to provide a display panel, a method for manufacturing the same, and a display device, so as to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
a first aspect of the present application provides a display panel, including:
a substrate;
a first sub-pixel unit for emitting red light, a second sub-pixel unit for emitting green light, and a third sub-pixel unit for emitting blue light formed on the substrate,
the first sub-pixel unit, the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit respectively comprise an excitation region and a display region arranged on the side face of the excitation region, wherein the excitation region is used for emitting excitation light, and the excitation light is guided to enter the display region so as to enable the display region to emit light.
According to the display panel provided by the first aspect of the application, the display area is arranged on the side surface of the excitation area, so that on one hand, excitation light can enter the display area in a waveguide transmission mode, the energy consumption loss of the excitation light is reduced, the utilization rate of the excitation light is improved, and the power consumption of the display device is reduced; on the other hand, because excitation regions are arranged among the display regions of different sub-pixels, the interval between the display regions of the sub-pixels is larger, and the problem of crosstalk between emergent lights can be reduced; in addition, the excitation area and the display area are arranged in the same layer, so that the whole thickness of the display device can be reduced.
In one possible implementation, the excitation light is blue light;
the display area of the first pixel unit comprises a first light conversion layer and a first light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the first light conversion layer, wherein the first light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits red light, and the first light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the second pixel unit comprises a second light conversion layer and a second light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the second light conversion layer, wherein the second light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits green light, and the second light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the third pixel unit comprises a light-transmitting layer and a third light-shielding layer which is positioned on one side of the light-transmitting layer far away from the corresponding excitation area, wherein the third light-shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area, and the light-transmitting layer is used for enabling the excitation light to be emitted from the display area;
or
The wavelength of the exciting light is less than that of the blue light;
the display area of the first pixel unit comprises a first light conversion layer and a first light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the first light conversion layer, wherein the first light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits red light, and the first light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the second pixel unit comprises a second light conversion layer and a second light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the second light conversion layer, wherein the second light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits green light, and the second light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the third pixel unit comprises a third light conversion layer and a third light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the third light conversion layer, wherein the third light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits blue light, and the third light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area.
According to the implementation mode, the light conversion unit or the light transmitting layer is arranged in the corresponding display area, so that the exciting light can be converted into the light emitting with the corresponding color, the light shielding layer can prevent the exciting light from being emitted from one side, away from the exciting area, of the display area, the converted light passing through the light conversion layer is also prevented from being emitted from one side, away from the exciting area, of the display area, and the problem of light crosstalk is further prevented.
In one possible implementation, the excitation region includes a TFT driving circuit layer disposed on the substrate, an anode electrically connected to a corresponding TFT in the TFT driving circuit layer, a light-emitting material layer disposed on the anode, and a cathode disposed on the light-emitting material layer, wherein the light-emitting material layer generates the excitation light, and the anode and the cathode are configured to reflect the excitation light so as to guide the excitation light into the display region.
This implementation mode carries out light-tight setting through the positive pole and the negative pole to the laser zone for the exciting light gets into the display area after taking place the reflection between positive pole and negative pole, can prevent that the exciting light from not showing the district and emiting, influences the display effect, simultaneously, can guarantee that the exciting light is whole to get into the display area, in order to realize increasing display device's luminous efficacy's purpose.
In one possible implementation, the thickness of the anode and cathode is set to be thick enough to emit the excitation light;
or
The anode and the cathode adopt a distributed Bragg reflector structure to emit the exciting light.
This implementation, through carry out thickening to positive pole and negative pole or set up positive pole and negative pole into distributed Bragg reflector structure, all can realize that the exciting light gets into the display area after taking place the reflection between positive pole and negative pole to through the thickness that increases positive pole and negative pole, on display panel's preparation technology, easy realization practices thrift the cost of manufacture, and positive pole and negative pole adopt distributed Bragg reflector structure, can reduce display device's whole thickness.
In a possible implementation manner, the first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the transparent layer are respectively provided with a first light reflection layer, a second light reflection layer and a third light reflection layer on the side facing the substrate, and the first light reflection layer, the second light reflection layer and the third light reflection layer are respectively used for enabling the red light, the green light and the blue light to be emitted from the corresponding display areas in the direction away from the substrate;
or
The first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the third light conversion layer are respectively provided with a first light reflection layer, a second light emission layer and a third light reflection layer on one side facing the substrate, and the first light reflection layer, the second light emission layer and the third light reflection layer are respectively used for enabling the red light, the green light and the blue light to be emitted from the corresponding display areas in the direction away from the substrate.
In this implementation manner, top emission of red light, green light, and blue light of the display panel can be achieved by providing the light reflecting layer in the direction toward the substrate in each light conversion layer or each light transmitting layer.
In one possible implementation, the first light reflecting layer, the second light emitting layer and the third light emitting layer extend to the sides of the first light converting layer, the second light converting layer and the transparent layer close to the corresponding light shielding layer, respectively;
or
The first light reflection layer, the second light emitting layer and the third light emitting layer respectively extend to the side faces, close to the corresponding light shielding layers, of the first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the third light conversion layer.
In the implementation mode, the light reflection layer extends to the side face of the light shielding layer, so that the phenomenon that emergent light enters the substrate direction from the side, close to the light shielding layer, of the display area can be avoided, and the display effect is influenced.
In one possible implementation, a surface of the display area remote from the substrate is provided as a structure that reduces total reflection of the red, green, and blue light in the corresponding display area.
According to the implementation mode, the reflection of red light, green light and blue light on the light emitting side of the display area is reduced, so that the light can be emitted more easily.
In one possible implementation, a surface of the display area remote from the substrate is provided with a circular arc shape.
According to the implementation mode, the arc shape can be regarded as a light extraction structure, so that total reflection of light on the light emergent side surface is reduced, and the light is easier to emit.
In a possible implementation, a layer of cathode material is provided on a surface of the display area remote from the substrate for preventing the red, green and blue light from exiting the corresponding display towards the direction away from the substrate.
According to the implementation mode, the cathode material layers are respectively arranged in the direction of the display area far away from the substrate, so that bottom emission of red light, green light and blue light of the display panel can be realized.
In a possible implementation manner, the first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the transparent layer are respectively provided with a first light reflection layer, a second light emission layer and a third light reflection layer on the side away from the substrate, and the first light reflection layer, the second light emission layer and the third light reflection layer are respectively used for enabling the red light, the green light and the blue light to be emitted from the corresponding display areas towards the substrate direction;
or
The first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the third light conversion layer are respectively provided with a first light reflection layer, a second light emission layer and a third light reflection layer at one side far away from the substrate, and the first light reflection layer, the second light emission layer and the third light reflection layer are respectively used for enabling the red light, the green light and the blue light to be emitted from the corresponding display areas towards the substrate direction.
According to the implementation mode, the light reflecting layers are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the conversion layers far away from the substrate direction, so that the spatial dissipation of red light, green light and blue light between the light conversion layers and the light emitting side of the display area can be avoided, and the light emitting efficiency of the display device is increased.
In one possible implementation, the light conversion layer comprises quantum dot particles or quantum dot particles doped with scattering particles.
In the implementation mode, the quantum dot particles are arranged on each light conversion layer to convert the exciting light into light with corresponding colors to be emitted, and the light emitting efficiency of each sub-pixel can be increased by doping the scattering particles.
A first aspect of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a display panel, including:
forming a first sub-pixel unit for emitting red light, a second sub-pixel unit for emitting green light, and a third sub-pixel unit for emitting blue light on a substrate,
the first sub-pixel unit, the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit are respectively formed to comprise an excitation area and a display area arranged on the side face of the excitation area, wherein the excitation area is used for emitting exciting light, and the exciting light is guided into the display area to enable the display area to emit light.
According to the display panel prepared by the preparation method of the display panel provided by the second aspect of the application, the display area is arranged on the side surface of the excitation area, so that on one hand, excitation light can enter the display area in a waveguide transmission mode, the energy consumption loss of the excitation light is reduced, the utilization rate of the excitation light is improved, and the power consumption of the display device is reduced; on the other hand, because excitation regions are arranged among the display regions of different sub-pixels, the interval between the display regions of the sub-pixels is larger, and the problem of crosstalk between emergent lights can be reduced; in addition, the excitation area and the display area are arranged in the same layer, so that the whole thickness of the display device can be reduced.
In one possible implementation, the first sub-pixel unit, the second sub-pixel unit, and the third sub-pixel unit are respectively formed to include an excitation region and a display region disposed at one side of the excitation region, including.
The excitation region is arranged to emit blue light;
the display area of the first pixel unit is arranged to comprise a first light conversion layer and a first light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the first light conversion layer, wherein the first light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits red light, and the first light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the second pixel unit is arranged to comprise a second light conversion layer and a second light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the second light conversion layer, wherein the second light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits green light, and the second light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the third pixel unit is arranged to comprise a light-transmitting layer and a third light-shielding layer positioned on one side of the light-transmitting layer far away from the corresponding excitation area, wherein the third light-shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area, and the light-transmitting layer is used for enabling the excitation light to be emitted out of the display area;
or
The excitation region is configured to emit light having a wavelength less than blue light;
the display area of the first pixel unit is arranged to comprise a first light conversion layer and a first light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the first light conversion layer, wherein the first light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits red light, and the first light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the second pixel unit is arranged to comprise a second light conversion layer and a second light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the second light conversion layer, wherein the second light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits green light, and the second light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the third pixel unit is arranged to include a third light conversion layer and a third light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the third light conversion layer, wherein the third light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits blue light, and the third light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards a direction far away from the corresponding excitation area.
According to the implementation mode, the light conversion unit or the light transmitting layer is arranged in the corresponding display area, so that the exciting light can be converted into the light emitting with the corresponding color, the light shielding layer can prevent the exciting light from being emitted from one side, away from the exciting area, of the display area, the converted light passing through the light conversion layer is also prevented from being emitted from one side, away from the exciting area, of the display area, and the problem of light crosstalk is further prevented.
A third aspect of the present application provides a display device comprising the display panel provided by the first aspect of the present application.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, the display area is arranged on the side face of the excitation area, so that on one hand, excitation light can enter the display area in a waveguide transmission mode, the energy consumption loss of the excitation light is reduced, the utilization rate of the excitation light is improved, and the power consumption of the display device is reduced; on the other hand, because excitation regions are arranged among the display regions of different sub-pixels, the interval between the display regions of the sub-pixels is larger, and the problem of crosstalk among emergent light can be reduced; in addition, the excitation area and the display area are arranged in the same layer, so that the whole thickness of the display device can be reduced.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a structure diagram of a QD-OLED display panel in the prior art.
Fig. 2 illustrates a light path diagram of light emitted from a light emitting layer in a conventional QD-OLED display panel.
Fig. 3 shows a light path diagram of light emitted from a light emitting layer in a conventional QD-OLED display panel.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of the light emitting efficiency of light emitted from the light emitting layer after the light emitted from the light emitting layer is transmitted through the waveguide in the top emission mode of the emergent light and the light emitting efficiency of light emitted from the light emitting layer in the conventional QD-OLED display panel.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing a comparison of the light emitting efficiency of light emitted from the light emitting layer after the light emitted from the light emitting layer is transmitted through the waveguide in the bottom emission mode of the emitted light with the light emitting efficiency of light emitted from the light emitting layer in the conventional QD-OLED display panel.
Fig. 6 to 12 are structural diagrams illustrating a display panel according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 13 shows a flow chart of a process for manufacturing a display panel according to another embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 14-19 show a process diagram for manufacturing a display panel provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
In the prior art, a full-color OLED light-emitting device generally has three different manufacturing methods: the first is a 'red, green and blue three primary colors' light emitting mode which obtains independent red, green and blue light emission by directly applying an electric field to different OLED light emitting devices on a pixel matrix; the second is to use filter films with different colors to cut OLED luminescence generated by a background white OLED luminescent device so as to obtain a white light and filter mode of red, green and blue three primary colors luminescence; the third is to absorb the effective OLED luminescent component in the background ultraviolet, blue, light blue or white OLED luminescent device through the light color conversion film, and convert the high-energy blue luminescent into the low-energy green light or red light, thereby obtaining the red-green-blue three-color luminescent light 'light color conversion mode'.
For a display device of a "light color conversion mode", Quantum Dots (QDs) and an organic electroluminescent display technology (OLED) are generally combined to obtain the display device, which is referred to as a QD-OLED display device for short, and the principle is to use an OLED light-emitting material as a backlight, so that light emitted by the backlight is converted by the quantum dots to realize full-color display, specifically, light of one color (such as blue) light source can excite quantum dots of other colors (such as red or green) to realize full-color display, and the QD-OLED display device has the advantages of narrow light-emitting spectrum, high color purity and the like.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a structure of a QD-OLED display device, including: a substrate; an R sub-pixel unit for emitting red light, a G sub-pixel unit for emitting green light, and a B sub-pixel unit for emitting blue light, which are formed on the substrate;
wherein,
the R sub-pixel unit comprises a light emitting layer close to one side of the substrate and a red light conversion layer far away from one side of the substrate;
the G sub-pixel unit comprises a light emitting layer close to one side of the substrate and a green light conversion layer far away from one side of the substrate;
the B sub-pixel unit comprises a light emitting layer at one side close to the substrate and a blue light conversion layer at one side far away from the substrate.
For convenience of understanding and description, light emitted from the light emitting layer is generally referred to as excitation light, and light converted by the light conversion layer is referred to as emission light.
The red light conversion layer is provided with red quantum dots, and can convert excitation light into red light to be emitted, so that the R sub-pixel unit displays red; the green light conversion layer is provided with green quantum dots which can convert exciting light into green light to be emitted, so that the G sub-pixel unit displays green; the blue light conversion layer is provided with blue quantum dots, and can convert exciting light into blue light to be emitted, so that the B sub-pixel unit displays blue.
The exciting light may be blue light, purple light, white light, and other color light, which is not limited in this application. When the excitation light is blue light, the blue light conversion layer is usually replaced with a light-transmitting layer that can pass blue light.
It is easily understood that the light emitting layer is composed of an anode, an organic light emitting material layer and a cathode, which are sequentially stacked in a direction from a substrate to a substrate, and for a top emission display device, the anode is generally thick to prevent light from passing through the anode, and the cathode is thin to increase light transmittance of the cathode metal layer.
As shown in fig. 1, because the light-emitting regions between the pixel units of the QD-OLED display device are spaced at small intervals, light crosstalk at the light-emitting side cannot be avoided, and in the preparation process of the QD-OLED display device, the light-emitting layer and the light-converting layer need to be packaged for the second time (the first packaging is performed after the preparation of the light-emitting layer, and the second packaging is performed after the preparation of the light-converting layer), thereby causing the problems of complex preparation process, high preparation cost, and the like.
Moreover, since the refractive index of the light emitting layer structure is about 1.8, which is much higher than the refractive index of air, as shown in fig. 2, only a small portion of the excitation light generated by the light emitting layer with an exit angle smaller than the critical angle of total reflection can be directly emitted from the set light emitting surface, and most of the excitation light is totally reflected in the light emitting layer and transmitted in the waveguide mode in the pixel defining layer (the organic layer surrounding the light emitting layer in fig. 1). Referring to fig. 3, black arrows in fig. 3 are waveguide light. Light transmitted in the waveguide mode is lost during transmission, and is uncontrollably dissipated at the edge of the pixel defining layer, so that effective display radiation cannot be formed, and the light utilization rate is low.
In order to solve the problems of the QD-OLED display device, the inventors discovered through simulation studies that if laser light emitted from a light emitting material layer is not emitted to a light conversion layer through a light emitting layer but enters the light conversion layer through a pixel defining layer in a waveguide transmission manner, the utilization efficiency of excitation light can be greatly increased, and specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the quantum efficiency of light emission in a waveguide mode is higher compared to a coupled mode (conventional mode) regardless of top emission or bottom emission.
Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a display device including a display panel, as shown in fig. 6, the display panel including:
a substrate 10;
an R sub-pixel unit 20 for emitting red light, a G sub-pixel unit 30 for emitting green light, and a B sub-pixel unit 40 for emitting blue light, which are formed on a substrate 10;
wherein, the R sub-pixel unit 20 includes a first excitation region 201 and a first display region 202, the first excitation region 201 is used for emitting excitation light, the excitation light is guided into the first display region 202 to make the first display region 202 emit red light;
the G sub-pixel unit 30 includes a second excitation region 301 and a second display region 302, the second excitation region 301 is used for emitting excitation light, and the excitation light is guided into the second display region 302 to enable the second display region 302 to emit green light;
the B sub-pixel unit 40 includes a third excitation region 401 and a third display region 402, the third excitation region 401 is used for emitting excitation light, and the excitation light is guided into the third display region 402 to make the third display region 402 emit blue light.
In a specific example, the excitation light emitted by the first excitation region 201, the second excitation region 301 and the third excitation region 401 is the same, i.e. the luminescent materials of the first excitation region 201, the second excitation region 301 and the third excitation region 401 are the same. However, it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the emitted excitation light of the three excitation regions may be different, as long as the light conversion material of the display region can be excited to produce light of the desired color.
It should be noted that, for convenience of understanding and description, the direction parallel to the plane of the substrate 10 is defined as the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 is defined as the Y direction, and taking the R sub-pixel unit 20 as an example, the first display region 202 is disposed on one side surface of the first excitation region 201 along the X direction or one side surface of the first excitation region 201 along the-X direction.
In the embodiment, the display area of each sub-pixel unit is arranged on the side surface of the excitation area, so that on one hand, excitation light can enter the display area in a waveguide transmission mode, the energy consumption loss of the excitation light is reduced, the utilization rate of the excitation light is improved, and the power consumption of the display device is reduced; on the other hand, because excitation regions are arranged among the display regions of different sub-pixels, the interval between the display regions of the sub-pixels is larger, and the problem of crosstalk among emergent light can be reduced; in addition, the excitation area and the display area are arranged in the same layer, so that the whole thickness of the display device can be reduced.
With reference to fig. 6, the excitation region structure of each sub-pixel is described as follows by taking the R sub-pixel unit 10 as an example.
The first excitation region 201 includes a TFT driving circuit layer 2011 disposed on the substrate 10, an anode 2012 electrically connected to a corresponding TFT in the TFT driving circuit layer 2011, a light-emitting material layer 2013 disposed on the anode 2012, and a cathode 2014 disposed on the light-emitting material layer 2013, where the light-emitting material layer 2013 generates the excitation light, and the anode 2012 and the cathode 2014 are configured to reflect the excitation light to guide the excitation light into the first display region 202.
In the embodiments of the present application, a glass substrate, a plastic substrate, or another hard substrate may be used as the substrate 10, and the TFT driving circuit layer 2011 is disposed on the substrate 10 as a driving backplane.
Further, the first excitation region 201 further includes a hole transport layer, an electron injection layer, a hole injection layer, and other film layers. This is not particularly limited in this application.
It is understood that the arrangement of the first excitation region 201 is similar to the conventional OLED panel arrangement in structure, except that the anode and cathode of the conventional OLED panel are transparent to the excitation light, and the first excitation region 201 of the present application arranges the anode 2012 and the cathode 2014 to reflect the excitation light generated by the light emitting material layer 2013 (not transparent to the excitation light), so that the excitation light laterally enters the first display region 202.
Preferably, the anode 2012 and the cathode 2014 may be increased in thickness such that the excitation light is reflected between the anode 2012 and the cathode 2014 and is not transmitted through the anode 2012 and the cathode 2014; or, the anode 2012 and the cathode 2014 adopt a Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) structure, which has a property of total reflection light, and the adoption of the DBR structure has an advantage of reducing the overall thickness of the display device compared with the increase of the thicknesses of the anode 2012 and the cathode 2014.
Through carrying out light-tight setting to anode 2012 and cathode 2014 of first laser region 201, prevent that the exciting light from not emitting from first display region 202, influence the display effect, simultaneously, can guarantee that the exciting light is whole to get into first display region 202 to realize increasing display device's luminous efficacy's purpose.
As is apparent from the above description, the excitation light may be blue light, or may be light of another color having a wavelength shorter than that of the blue light, for example, violet light, white light, or the like, and the light-emitting material 2013 is different depending on the excitation light.
Specifically, when the excitation light is blue, the display region is explained with reference to fig. 6 and 7.
The first display region 202 of the R sub-pixel unit 20 includes a first light conversion layer 2021 and a first light shielding layer 2022 located on a side of the first light conversion layer 2021 far from the first excitation region 201, wherein the first light conversion layer 2021 receives the excitation light to emit red light, and the first light shielding layer 2022 is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating toward a direction far from the first excitation region 201;
the second display area 302 of the G sub-pixel unit 30 includes a second light conversion layer 3021 and a second light shielding layer 3022 located on a side of the second light conversion layer 3021 away from the second excitation area 301, wherein the second light conversion layer 3021 receives the excitation light to emit green light, and the second light shielding layer 3022 is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards a direction away from the second excitation area 301;
the third display region 402 of the B sub-pixel unit 40 includes a light-transmitting layer 4021 and a third light-shielding layer 4022 located on a side of the light-transmitting layer 4021 away from the third excitation region 401, where the third light-shielding layer 4022 is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating toward a direction away from the third excitation region 401, and the light-transmitting layer 4021 is used for enabling the excitation light to exit from the third display region 402.
In a specific example, the first light conversion layer 2021 is provided with red quantum dots for converting blue light into red light, so that the blue light is converted into red light after passing through the first light conversion layer 2021, and the R sub-pixel unit 20 displays red; green quantum dots for converting blue light into green light are disposed in the second light conversion layer 3021, so that the blue light is converted into green light after passing through the second light conversion layer 3021, and the G sub-pixel unit 30 displays green; the light-transmitting layer 4021 can transmit blue light, so that the B sub-pixel unit 40 displays blue light. Thereby realizing an RGB full-color display.
In the B sub-pixel unit 40, when the excitation light is blue light, the light-transmitting layer is not required to be provided, and the light-transmitting layer 4021 is provided. The transparent layer 4021 may be an air layer or a transparent material layer, for example, a transparent polymer resin material such as acryl may be used as the transparent material layer, and reflective particles capable of reflecting blue light toward the light emitting surface may be added in the transparent material layer in order to further improve the light emitting efficiency of the B sub-pixel unit 40.
Each light-shielding layer may be a thick metal layer, a reflective material, a light-absorbing material, or the like, for example, AgAnd the light shielding layer can prevent exciting light from being emitted from one side of the display area, which is far away from the excitation area, and also prevent converted light passing through the light conversion layer from being emitted from one side of the display area, which is far away from the excitation area, so that the problem of light crosstalk is further prevented.
In some embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 7, the first light conversion layer 2021, the second light conversion layer 3021 and the transparent layer 4021 are provided with a first light reflective layer 2023, a second light reflective layer 3023 and a third light reflective layer 4023, respectively, on a side facing the substrate 10 for causing red, green and blue light, respectively, to exit from the corresponding display region toward a direction away from the substrate 10.
The first light reflecting layer 2023, the second light reflecting layer 3023, and the third light reflecting layer 4023 can be formed simultaneously with the anode, which simplifies the manufacturing process.
By providing a reflective layer on each of the first light conversion layer 2021, the second light conversion layer 3021 and the transparent layer 4021 on the side facing the substrate, it is possible to realize emission of red light, green light, and blue light from a direction away from the substrate 10, that is, to realize top emission of the emitted light.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the first light reflecting layer 2023, the second light emitting layer 3023 and the third light emitting layer 4023 extend to the side surfaces of the first light converting layer 2021, the second light converting layer 3021 and the transparent layer 4021 close to the corresponding light shielding layer, respectively, so as to prevent the outgoing light from entering the substrate 10 from the side of the display region close to the light shielding layer to affect the display effect.
In some embodiments, the surface of the display area far away from the substrate is provided with a structure for reducing total reflection of red light, green light and blue light in the corresponding display area, so that reflection of the red light, the green light and the blue light on the light emitting side of the display area is reduced, and light can be emitted more easily.
Specifically, the surface of the display area, which is far away from the substrate, can be set to be circular-arc, and the circular-arc can be regarded as a light extraction structure, so that total reflection of light on the light-emitting side surface is reduced, and the light is easier to be emitted.
On the other hand, in the structure for realizing bottom emission, as shown in fig. 9, red light, green light, and blue light are also prevented from being emitted from the corresponding display regions toward the direction away from the substrate 10 (i.e., the positive direction of the y axis in the drawing) by providing a fourth light reflection layer 2024, a fifth light reflection layer 3024, and a sixth light reflection layer 4024 on the surfaces of the first display region 202, the second display region 302, and the third display region 402 away from the substrate, respectively, so that emission of red light, green light, and blue light toward the substrate direction, that is, bottom emission of emitted light is realized.
The fourth light reflecting layer 2024, the fifth light reflecting layer 3024, and the sixth light reflecting layer 4024 are thick cathode material layers or DBR structure layers.
In order to realize bottom emission of emitted light, it is not necessary to provide a reflective layer on the substrate side of first light conversion layer 2021, second light conversion layer 3021, and transparent layer 4021.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 10, a seventh light reflecting layer 2025, an eighth light reflecting layer 3025 and a ninth light reflecting layer 4025 may be disposed on the first light converting layer 202, the second light converting layer 302 and the transparent layer 402 away from the substrate 10, respectively, to prevent the red light, the green light and the blue light from escaping from the space between the light converting layer and the light emitting side of the display region, thereby increasing the light emitting efficiency of the display device.
Specific examples of top-emitting and bottom-emitting structures according to embodiments of the present invention have been described above with blue light as excitation light. In another embodiment, when the excitation light is light of another color with a wavelength smaller than that of blue light, the light-transmitting layer 4021 in the display panel needs to be replaced by a third conversion layer, and when the excitation light is non-blue light, for example, purple light or white light. Taking purple light as an example, red quantum dots for converting the purple light into red light are arranged in the first light conversion layer 2021, so that the purple light is converted into red light after passing through the first light conversion layer 2012, and the R sub-pixel unit 20 displays red; green quantum dots for converting violet light into green light are arranged in second light conversion layer 3021, so that the violet light is converted into green light after passing through second light conversion layer 3021, and G sub-pixel unit 30 displays green; blue quantum dots for converting violet light into blue light are arranged in the third light conversion layer, so that the violet light is converted into blue light after passing through the third conversion layer, and the B sub-pixel unit 40 displays the blue light. Thereby realizing an RGB full-color display.
It should be noted that, for a display device in which the excitation light is not blue light, when top emission of the outgoing light and bottom emission of the outgoing light are realized, the arrangement of each reflective layer is similar to that of the above display device in which the excitation light is blue light, and the difference is that the display device in which the excitation light is blue light directly emits blue light by using the light-transmitting layer 4021; and a third conversion layer for converting the non-blue excitation light into blue light is adopted in the display device with the excitation light being non-blue light. Thus, the various exemplary structures of the above-described embodiment in which the excitation light is blue light are also applicable to the present embodiment.
Preferably, scattering particles may be doped in the quantum dot particles in each light conversion layer to increase the light extraction efficiency of each sub-pixel.
It is easily understood that, in the display panel provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, taking the R sub-pixel unit 20 as an example, the structure covering the first light conversion layer 2021 in the first display region 202 is the first pixel defining layer 2026, and the excitation light enters the first light conversion layer 2021 from the first pixel defining layer 2026 in a waveguide transmission manner.
Note that, the pixel defining layer may not be provided in each display region, and as shown in fig. 12, the light conversion layer may be provided in each display region, and in this case, the excitation light may be transmitted in a waveguide manner through the light conversion layer.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a display device in the foregoing embodiments, and it should be noted that, because the display device provided in the present application can select excitation lights with different colors and different types of emission modes (top emission of emitted light and bottom emission of emitted light) and other conditions, when manufacturing display devices with different requirements, the method for manufacturing the display device is different, in this embodiment, a display substrate with blue light as excitation light and top emission of emitted light is prepared, as shown in fig. 13, and a manufacturing process of the display device is described in detail as follows:
s10, providing a substrate 10;
s20, forming a TFT driving circuit layer corresponding to each sub-pixel unit on the substrate 10, and forming the structure shown in fig. 14;
s30, forming a planarization layer 50 on the TFT driving circuit layer corresponding to each sub-pixel unit, thereby forming the structure shown in fig. 15;
the planarization layer 50 is used for planarizing each TFT driving circuit layer, and is usually made of a black material, for example, a light-shielding black material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or an organic resin.
S40, forming anode metal layers electrically connected to the TFT driving circuit layers on the planarization layer 50 corresponding to the first, second and third excitation regions 201, 301 and 401, respectively, as shown in fig. 16.
In a specific example, at the same time, a first light reflecting layer 2023, a second light reflecting layer 3023, and a third light reflecting layer 4023 are formed on the planarization layer 50 corresponding to the first display area 202, the second display area 302, and the third display area 402, respectively.
Then, a first light conversion layer 2021, a second light conversion layer 3021, and a light transmitting layer 4021 are formed over the first light reflection layer 2023, the second light reflection layer 3023, and the third light reflection layer 4023, respectively, so that a structure shown in fig. 16 is formed;
in some embodiments, step S40 includes the following sub-steps:
s401, forming light-shielding layers on the first light-converting layer 2021, the second light-converting layer 3021, and the light-transmitting layer 4021 on the sides away from the excitation regions corresponding thereto, respectively, to form a structure as shown in fig. 17;
s50, covering the pixel defining layer to form the structure shown in fig. 18;
the pixel defining layer is used for defining adjacent sub-pixel units, so that each sub-pixel unit is correspondingly divided into relatively independent structures. In one specific example, the material of the pixel defining layer may be silicone, silicon nitride, barium sulfate, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, polyimide, epoxy resin, polyphenylene oxide, etc., but the exemplary embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
S60, opening the pixel defining layer corresponding to the excitation region to expose the anode 2012, respectively, forming the light emitting material layer 2013 on the anode, and depositing a cathode material to form the cathode 2014, thereby forming the display panel.
Preferably, the circular arc-shaped top shown in fig. 19 is formed in the corresponding display area of each sub-pixel by using an etching process to form the final display device shown in fig. 19, and the circular arc-shaped top can reduce total reflection of the emergent light at the edge of the light-emitting side of the display area, so that the emergent light can be emitted more easily.
By adopting the preparation method of the display panel provided by the embodiment, the anode and the light conversion layer are arranged on the same layer, namely the anode and the light conversion layer can be formed simultaneously through the same process, so that the preparation process of the display panel is simplified.
It should be noted that, for the display panel in which the excitation light is not blue light and the emitted light is emitted as a top light, the step S40 may be slightly modified during the preparation, specifically, when the display panel in which the excitation light is not blue light and the emitted light is emitted as a top light is prepared, the step S40 is modified accordingly as follows: forming anode metal layers electrically connected with the TFT driving circuit layer on the planarization layers corresponding to the first, second, and third excitation regions 201, 301, and 401, respectively;
at the same time, the user can select the desired position,
after a first light reflecting layer, a second light reflecting layer and a third light reflecting layer are respectively formed on the planarization layer corresponding to the R sub-pixel unit display area, the G sub-pixel unit display area and the B sub-pixel unit display area,
meanwhile, a first light reflective layer 2023, a second light reflective layer 3023, and a third light reflective layer are formed on the planarization layer 50 corresponding to the first display region 202, the second display region 302, and the third display region 402, respectively.
Similarly, for the display panel with the blue excitation light and the bottom emission of the emergent light and the display panel with the non-blue excitation light and the bottom emission of the emergent light, the specific manufacturing method can refer to the above manufacturing method for manufacturing the display panel with the blue excitation light and the top emission of the emergent light.
In a specific example, when the excitation light is blue light and the light exits the bottom emission display panel, step S40 and step S70 are modified accordingly without changing other steps;
specifically, step S40 is modified to:
forming anode metal layers electrically connected with the TFT driving circuit layer on the planarization layers corresponding to the first, second, and third excitation regions 201, 301, and 401, respectively;
at the same time, the user can select the required time,
forming a first light conversion layer, a second light conversion layer and a light transmission layer on the planarization layer 50 corresponding to the first display region 202, the second display region 302 and the third display region 402, respectively, to form the structure as shown in the figure;
preferably, a light-shielding layer is formed on each of the first light-converting layer 2023, the second light-converting layer 3023, and the light-transmitting layer 4023 on a side away from the excitation region corresponding thereto;
in order to make bottom emission of emitted light better, after the first light conversion layer 2023, the second light conversion layer 3023, and the light transmitting layer 4023 are formed on the planarization layer 50 corresponding to the first display region 202, the second display region 302, and the third display region 402, respectively, a fifth reflection layer, a sixth reflection layer, and a seventh reflection layer may be further formed on the surfaces of the first light conversion layer 2023, the second light conversion layer 3023, and the light transmitting layer 4023 on the side away from the substrate 10.
Step S70 is modified to: after forming a luminescent material layer on the anode, depositing a cathode material to form a cathode, wherein the cathode material covers the surface of the excitation area and the surface of the display area; that is, the cathode material is used as the fourth reflective layer, and the entire surface of the cathode material is covered, so that the manufacturing process of the display panel can be simplified.
Note that, in the case of preparing a display panel in which the outgoing light is bottom emission, the planarizing layer of a light-permeable material, the TFT driver circuit layer, and the substrate should be selected so that the outgoing light can exit from the direction toward the substrate.
In a specific example, when the excitation light is non-blue light and the light exits from the bottom emission display panel, the steps S40 and S70 are modified accordingly without changing other steps;
specifically, step S40 is modified to:
respectively forming anode metal layers electrically connected with the TFT driving circuit layer on the planarization layers corresponding to the R sub-pixel unit excitation area, the G sub-pixel unit excitation area and the B sub-pixel unit excitation area;
at the same time, the user can select the desired position,
and forming a first light conversion layer, a second light conversion layer and a third light conversion layer on the planarization layer corresponding to the R sub-pixel unit display area, the G sub-pixel unit display area and the B sub-pixel unit display area respectively.
Step S70 is modified to: after forming a light emitting layer on the anode, a cathode material is deposited to form a cathode, wherein the cathode material covers the surface of the excitation region and the surface of the display region.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A display panel, comprising:
a substrate;
a first sub-pixel unit for emitting red light, a second sub-pixel unit for emitting green light, and a third sub-pixel unit for emitting blue light formed on the substrate,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the first sub-pixel unit, the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit respectively comprise an excitation region and a display region arranged on the side surface of the excitation region, wherein the excitation region is used for emitting excitation light, and the excitation light is guided into the display region so as to enable the display region to emit light;
wherein,
the exciting light is blue light;
the display area of the first sub-pixel unit comprises a first light conversion layer and a first light shielding layer, wherein the first light conversion layer is positioned on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the first light conversion layer, the first light conversion layer receives the excitation light so as to emit red light, and the first light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the second sub-pixel unit comprises a second light conversion layer and a second light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the second light conversion layer, wherein the second light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits green light, and the second light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the third sub-pixel unit comprises a light-transmitting layer and a third light-shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the light-transmitting layer, wherein the third light-shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area, and the light-transmitting layer is used for enabling the excitation light to be emitted from the display area;
or
The wavelength of the exciting light is less than that of the blue light;
the display area of the first sub-pixel unit comprises a first light conversion layer and a first light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the first light conversion layer, wherein the first light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits red light, and the first light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the second sub-pixel unit comprises a second light conversion layer and a second light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the second light conversion layer, wherein the second light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits green light, and the second light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the third sub-pixel unit comprises a third light conversion layer and a third light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the third light conversion layer, wherein the third light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits blue light, and the third light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area.
2. The display panel according to claim 1,
the excitation region comprises a TFT drive circuit layer arranged on the substrate, an anode electrically connected with a corresponding TFT in the TFT drive circuit layer, a light-emitting material layer arranged on the anode, and a cathode arranged on the light-emitting material layer, wherein the light-emitting material layer generates the excitation light, and the anode and the cathode are arranged to reflect the excitation light so as to guide the excitation light to enter the display region.
3. The display panel according to claim 2,
the thickness of the anode and cathode is set to be thick enough to reflect the excitation light;
or
The anode and the cathode adopt a distributed Bragg reflector structure to reflect the exciting light.
4. The display panel according to claim 1,
the first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the light-transmitting layer are respectively provided with a first light reflection layer, a second light reflection layer and a third light reflection layer on one side facing the substrate, and the first light reflection layer, the second light reflection layer and the light-transmitting layer are respectively used for enabling the red light, the green light and the blue light to be emitted from the corresponding display areas towards the direction far away from the substrate;
or
The first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the third light conversion layer are respectively provided with a first light reflection layer, a second light reflection layer and a third light reflection layer on one side facing the substrate, and the first light reflection layer, the second light reflection layer and the third light reflection layer are respectively used for enabling the red light, the green light and the blue light to be emitted from the corresponding display areas towards the direction far away from the substrate.
5. The display panel according to claim 4,
the first light reflecting layer, the second light reflecting layer and the third light reflecting layer respectively extend to the side faces, close to the corresponding light shielding layer, of the first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the light transmitting layer;
or
The first light reflecting layer, the second light reflecting layer and the third light reflecting layer respectively extend to the side faces, close to the corresponding light shielding layers, of the first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the third light conversion layer.
6. The display panel according to claim 4 or 5,
the surface of the display area far away from the substrate is provided with a structure for reducing total reflection of the red light, the green light and the blue light in the corresponding display area.
7. The display panel according to claim 6,
the surface of the display area far away from the substrate is set to be in a circular arc shape.
8. The display panel according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the cathode material layer is arranged on the surface of the display area far away from the substrate and is used for preventing the red light, the green light and the blue light from being emitted from the corresponding display area towards the direction far away from the substrate.
9. The display panel according to claim 8,
the first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the light-transmitting layer are respectively provided with a first light reflection layer, a second light reflection layer and a third light reflection layer at one side far away from the substrate, and the first light reflection layer, the second light reflection layer and the third light reflection layer are respectively used for enabling the red light, the green light and the blue light to be emitted from the corresponding display areas towards the substrate direction;
or
And the first light conversion layer, the second light conversion layer and the third light conversion layer are respectively provided with a first light reflection layer, a second light reflection layer and a third light reflection layer at one side far away from the substrate, and the first light reflection layer, the second light reflection layer and the third light reflection layer are respectively used for enabling the red light, the green light and the blue light to be emitted from the corresponding display areas towards the substrate direction.
10. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the light conversion layer comprises quantum dot particles.
11. The display panel of claim 1, the light conversion layer comprising quantum dot particles doped with scattering particles.
12. A method for manufacturing a display panel, comprising:
forming a first sub-pixel unit for emitting red light, a second sub-pixel unit for emitting green light, and a third sub-pixel unit for emitting blue light on a substrate,
wherein the first sub-pixel unit, the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit are respectively formed to comprise an excitation region and a display region arranged on the side of the excitation region, wherein the excitation region is used for emitting excitation light, and the excitation light is guided into the display region to enable the display region to emit light; wherein the first sub-pixel unit, the second sub-pixel unit and the third sub-pixel unit are respectively formed to include an excitation region and a display region disposed at a side of the excitation region, including,
the excitation region is arranged to emit blue light;
the display area of the first sub-pixel unit is arranged to comprise a first light conversion layer and a first light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the first light conversion layer, wherein the first light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits red light, and the first light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the second sub-pixel unit is arranged to comprise a second light conversion layer and a second light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the second light conversion layer, wherein the second light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits green light, and the second light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the third sub-pixel unit is arranged to comprise a light-transmitting layer and a third light-shielding layer located on one side of the light-transmitting layer far away from the corresponding excitation area, wherein the third light-shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area, and the light-transmitting layer is used for enabling the excitation light to be emitted out of the display area;
or
The excitation region is configured to emit light having a wavelength less than blue light;
the display area of the first sub-pixel unit is arranged to comprise a first light conversion layer and a first light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the first light conversion layer, wherein the first light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits red light, and the first light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the second sub-pixel unit is arranged to comprise a second light conversion layer and a second light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the second light conversion layer, wherein the second light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits green light, and the second light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards the direction far away from the corresponding excitation area;
the display area of the third sub-pixel unit is arranged to include a third light conversion layer and a third light shielding layer located on one side, far away from the corresponding excitation area, of the third light conversion layer, wherein the third light conversion layer receives the excitation light and emits blue light, and the third light shielding layer is used for blocking the excitation light from propagating towards a direction far away from the corresponding excitation area.
13. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| WO2023123277A1 (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-06 | 厦门市芯颖显示科技有限公司 | Display panel and preparation method therefor |
| CN115312579A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-11-08 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel, display device and manufacturing method of display panel |
| CN116261353B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2024-04-12 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN116018004A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-04-25 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Cover plate, preparation method of cover plate and display panel |
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| CN104979375A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-10-14 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display substrate and manufacturing method therefor and display device |
| CN109599037A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-09 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panel and preparation method thereof |
| CN111341939A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-26 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Array substrate, manufacturing method thereof, display panel and display device |
| CN111509025A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-07 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel based on quantum dots, preparation method thereof and display device |
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| CN109599037A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-09 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panel and preparation method thereof |
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