CN113063824A - Method for monitoring welding quality of laser welding - Google Patents

Method for monitoring welding quality of laser welding Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113063824A
CN113063824A CN202110268950.2A CN202110268950A CN113063824A CN 113063824 A CN113063824 A CN 113063824A CN 202110268950 A CN202110268950 A CN 202110268950A CN 113063824 A CN113063824 A CN 113063824A
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welding
voltage
monitoring
welding part
quality
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于水亮
王利
马振德
王立仕
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Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
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Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for monitoring welding quality of laser welding, which comprises the following steps: s1, monitoring preparation: connecting two ends of the welded parts I and II into power supply equipment; the power supply unit then lasts for a time t0Supply current I0(ii) a S2, monitoring voltage acquisition: in the process of electrifying the welding part, when the electrifying time is t1In time, the voltage acquisition instrument acquires the voltage U between the first welding part and the second welding part0(ii) a S3, judging welding quality: voltage U to be collected by voltage collection instrument0Transmitted to the controller; s4, monitoring data recording: the controller is based on the voltage U0And judging the welding quality, and storing the voltage acquisition data, the judgment standard and the judgment result in a database after the judgment is finished. The method for monitoring the welding quality of the laser welding can accurately judge the welding quality and effectively identify poor welding phenomena such as insufficient welding, welding explosion, welding penetration and the like.

Description

Method for monitoring welding quality of laser welding
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser welding quality monitoring, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring laser welding quality.
Background
The existing welding monitoring schemes mainly comprise the following steps: and (3) CCD monitoring scheme: according to the scheme, the welding appearance of the welding part is collected by using a CCD detection system and is compared with the standard welding appearance, so that the welding quality is judged. Coaxial optical radiation monitoring system: the scheme is that the welding quality is judged by signal collection and intensity analysis of characteristic spectral bands in the welding process. Plasma charge detection system: because the electric conductivity can be generated in the plasma generated by laser induction in the welding process; the scheme is that the charge intensity of a plasma region is detected through a contact probe and analyzed, so that the welding quality is judged. A fusion depth and fusion width detection scheme: the scheme is that the weld penetration and weld width of a welding position are detected by processing a welding sample piece such as cutting, metallographic phase grinding, corrosion, electronic image and the like; and the welding quality is characterized according to the method. The tension detection scheme comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out a drawing force test on a welding part by using a tension meter; and judging and measuring the welding quality according to the magnitude of the drawing force. And (3) manual detection scheme: according to the scheme, the welding state is confirmed in a mode of visually detecting the welding appearance and prying a welding point by using a tool, so that the welding quality is judged.
The defects of the prior art are that the CCD monitoring scheme can only detect the welding appearance, can identify the conditions of missing welding, partial welding and welding explosion, and cannot identify the insufficient welding of a welding piece. The coaxial optical radiation monitoring system and the plasma charge detection system have high equipment cost, poor compatibility with the existing laser welding equipment of a production line, and a welding mechanism is required to reserve corresponding monitoring equipment structures, interfaces and the like in advance. The detection method of the penetration fusion width detection scheme is complex in detection steps and long in detection time, and can only detect in a sampling mode, and cannot detect all produced welding parts. The tension detection scheme can only detect in a sampling mode, and cannot detect all produced welding parts. The manual detection scheme has high labor cost and detection omission risk.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for monitoring welding quality of laser welding, so as to provide a method capable of rapidly, continuously and effectively detecting welding quality; the method for monitoring the welding quality has the advantages of simple testing principle, easy realization of automation, low equipment adding cost, labor cost reduction and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for monitoring the welding quality of laser welding comprises the following specific steps:
s1, monitoring preparation: connecting two ends of the welded parts I and II into power supply equipment; the power supply unit then lasts for a time t0Supply current I0
S2, monitoring voltage acquisition: in the process of electrifying the welding part, when the electrifying time is t1In time, the voltage acquisition instrument acquires the voltage U between the first welding part and the second welding part0
S3, judging welding quality: voltage U to be collected by voltage collection instrument0Transmitted to the controller;
s4, monitoring data recording: the controller is based on the voltage U0And judging the welding quality, and storing the voltage acquisition data, the judgment standard and the judgment result in a database after the judgment is finished.
Further, the specific method of step S1 is as follows: the upper end and the lower end of the second welding part are respectively welded with the first welding part and the third welding part, a first welding nugget is formed at the upper end of the second welding part and the welding position of the first welding part, a second welding nugget is formed at the lower end of the second welding part and the welding position of the third welding part, and voltage sampling points are respectively formed at the two ends of the first welding nugget and the two ends of the second welding nugget; connecting two ends of the first welding part into the anode of the power supply equipment, connecting two ends of the third welding part into the cathode of the power supply equipment, and then continuing for a time t0Supply current I0Current I of0The first welding piece sequentially passes through the first welding nugget, the second welding piece and the second welding nugget to flow to the third welding piece.
Further, the power supply equipment is charging and discharging equipment.
Furthermore, the voltage sampling points are respectively positioned on two sides of the first welding nugget, one voltage sampling point is positioned on the first welding part, and the other voltage sampling point is positioned on the second welding part.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,the specific method of step S2 is as follows: when the voltage acquisition instrument acquires voltage, voltage sampling points are respectively arranged on the first welding part and the second welding part, and the relative position of each acquisition is the same; acquisition start time t1<t0And time is t1The voltage acquisition state is stable.
Further, the voltage acquisition instrument for acquiring the voltage of the single point position is a voltage internal resistance test instrument; the voltage acquisition instrument for multi-position continuous voltage acquisition is an Agilent test instrument.
Further, the specific method for determining the welding quality in step S3 is as follows: collecting voltage U of voltage collecting instrument0And communicates with the controller through a serial port or a USB port; the controller compares the acquired voltage data with a standard voltage range, and when the acquired voltage is within the standard range, the controller judges that the welding quality is good and the welding part can normally rotate downwards; when the collected voltage is higher or lower than the standard range, the controller judges that the welding quality is abnormal, and the welding part needs to be isolated.
Compared with the prior art, the method for monitoring the welding quality of the laser welding has the following advantages:
(1) the method for monitoring the welding quality of the laser welding is characterized in that current is applied between welded parts, the voltage between the welded parts (indirectly indicating the resistance value of the welding position of the welded parts) is monitored, and the monitored voltage is compared with the voltage standard of a good welded part, so that the welding quality is monitored.
(2) The method for monitoring the welding quality of the laser welding can accurately judge the welding quality and effectively identify poor welding phenomena such as insufficient welding, welding explosion, welding penetration and the like; the welding quality of each welding position can be detected rapidly and continuously; the method has no special requirements on the original existing welding equipment and has good compatibility; the testing principle is simple, and the added equipment is low in cost; automatic testing can be realized, and labor cost is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a weld monitoring method according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a weldment collection point according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a weldment; 2-welding part II; 3-welding part III; 4-voltage sampling point; 5-first welding nugget; 6-second welding nugget; 7-voltage acquisition instrument; 8-a controller; 9-power supply equipment.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The basic principle of the technical scheme is as follows: after the welding part is welded, a welding nugget is formed at the welding position. The nuggets are also metal, and are inherently physically resistive. The nuggets formed will have a certain resistance value R. The resistance value R is related to the welding length, the penetration and the fusion width, so that the welding quality can be monitored by monitoring the resistance value R of the nugget. Because the resistance value R of the nugget is small (for example, under the condition of welding the electrode lugs of the battery cell, the resistance value is 10-2m omega level), an accurate numerical value cannot be directly tested by using an instrument; therefore, the scheme enables the two ends of the welding part to indirectly monitor the nugget resistance R through a mode of monitoring the voltage U at the two ends of the welding part through a certain current I.
A method for monitoring the welding quality of laser welding is disclosed, as shown in figures 1 and 2, and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, monitoring preparation: connecting two ends of the welded parts I and II 1 and 2 to power supply equipment; the power supply device then continues for a period of time t0Providing a current I of a certain magnitude0
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic view of the weldment pick points is shown: no. two welding 2 is the rectangular frame structure, No. one welding 1 and No. three welding 3's structure is the same, is U plate structure, No. two welding 2's upper end, the lower extreme welds with a welding 1, No. three welding 3 respectively, No. two welding 2's upper end and a welding 1's welding department form a welding nugget 5, No. two welding 2's lower extreme and No. three welding 3's welding department form No. two welding nuggets 6, No. one welding nugget 5's both ends form voltage sampling point 4 respectively.
Connecting two ends of the first welding part 1 to the positive pole of the power supply device 9, connecting two ends of the third welding part 3 to the negative pole of the power supply device 9, and then supplying powerThe device 9 continues for a period of time t0Providing a current I of a certain magnitude0Current I of0The first welding part 1 flows to the third welding part 3 through a first welding nugget 5, a second welding part 2 and a second welding nugget 6 in sequence;
during this process, the time t at which the power supply device 9 supplies current0The length depends on the stable time of the monitoring voltage and the time beat of the production process; current I supplied by power supply apparatus 90The size depends on the tolerance of the weld to current and the accuracy of the voltage collection meter. The power supply device 9 that can be referred to is a charging and discharging device such as depl, nebula, Arbin, and the like.
S2, monitoring voltage acquisition: in the process of electrifying the welding part, when the electrifying time is t1The voltage U between the first welding part 1 and the second welding part 2 is collected0
When collecting voltage, the voltage sampling points 4 should be respectively placed on the first welding part 1 and the second welding part 2, and the relative positions of each time of collection should be the same.
Voltage sampling points 4 are respectively located on two sides of a first welding nugget 5, specifically, one voltage sampling point 4 is located on a first welding part 1, and the other voltage sampling point 4 is located on a second welding part 2. Acquisition start time t1<t0And time is t1The voltage acquisition state is stable. The voltage acquisition instrument 7 for acquiring the voltage of a single point position can adopt a daily position 3562\3563 series voltage internal resistance test instrument; the voltage acquisition instrument 7 for multi-position continuous voltage acquisition can be an Agilent 34980A test instrument. During voltage acquisition, the acquisition range selected by the voltage acquisition instrument 7 should meet the judgment and resolution requirements.
S3, judging welding quality: the voltage acquisition instrument 7 is communicated with the controller 8 through a serial port or a USB port; preferably, the controller 8 is a computer.
The computer CPU transmits the acquired voltage information to monitoring software, the monitoring software is BenchLinkDataLogiger software suitable for 34980A, and the monitoring software compares the acquired voltage data with a standard voltage range. When the collected voltage is within the standard range, the software judges that the interface displays Pass, the welding quality is good, and the welding part can normally rotate downwards; when the collected voltage is higher or lower than the standard range, the software interface displays Fail, which indicates that the welding quality is abnormal and the welding part needs to be isolated. The standard voltage range is obtained according to the statistical analysis of the voltage collection data of a plurality of welding good pieces. The welding good piece is a welding piece which is welded under the stable production state that the welding meets the standards of tension, residue, fusion depth and fusion width.
S4, monitoring data recording: after the welding quality judgment is finished, the software can store the voltage acquisition data, the judgment standard, the judgment result and other information in a database, and the method is convenient for the tracing, statistics and analysis of the data in the later period.
The scheme can accurately judge the welding quality and effectively identify poor welding phenomena such as insufficient welding, welding explosion, welding penetration and the like; the welding quality of each welding position can be detected rapidly and continuously; the method has no special requirements on the original existing welding equipment and has good compatibility; the testing principle is simple, and the added equipment is low in cost; automatic testing can be realized, and labor cost is reduced.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the scheme is applied to tab welding quality detection of 3P4S, 2P6S and 1P12S-VDA modules. Now, taking 3P4S module as an example, the implementation is as follows:
the first welding part 1 is a tab, and the second welding part 2 is a busbar;
1. respectively connecting the total positive and the total negative of the module subjected to tab welding with charging and discharging equipment (power supply equipment 9);
2. and pressing down the probe tooling switch, and respectively pressing the corresponding positions of the module lug and the copper bar by the probe to form a voltage sampling point 4 (16 positions in total).
3. The software interface scans the module bar code, the charging and discharging equipment charges for 10s at a constant current of 74A, the software starts to record the voltage of the sampling position in the 5 th s in the charging process, and whether the standard is met or not is judged. And discharging the charging and discharging equipment for 10s at a constant current of 74A, starting to record the voltage of the sampling position by the software at the 5 th s in the discharging process, and judging whether the standard is met.
4. And the software uploads the voltage of the voltage sampling point 4 and the judgment result to a database.
5. Voltage sampling point 4 voltage qualification standard: u is more than or equal to 1.1mV and less than or equal to 1.1 mV.
The scheme has the advantages that the sustainable and rapid detection is realized on the functions, 100% detection of the produced welding parts is guaranteed, and the labor cost for detection can be reduced; the monitoring data is compared with the standard data in principle, so that the welding quality condition is judged. Compared with a CCD monitoring scheme, the scheme has the technical advantages that the monitoring range is wider, and insufficient soldering can be effectively monitored; the testing principle is simple, and the equipment adding cost is low.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (7)

1. A method for monitoring the welding quality of laser welding is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, monitoring preparation: connecting two ends of the welded parts I and II into power supply equipment; the power supply unit then lasts for a time t0Supply current I0
S2, monitoring voltage acquisition: in the process of electrifying the welding part, when the electrifying time is t1In time, the voltage acquisition instrument acquires the voltage U between the first welding part and the second welding part0
S3, judging welding quality: voltage U to be collected by voltage collection instrument0Transmitted to the controller;
s4, monitoring data recording: the controller is based on the voltage U0And judging the welding quality, and storing the voltage acquisition data, the judgment standard and the judgment result in a database after the judgment is finished.
2. A method for laser welding weld quality monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the specific method of step S1 is as follows: the upper end and the lower end of the second welding part are respectively welded with the first welding part, the third welding part and the second welding partThe upper end of the first welding part and the welding position of the first welding part form a first welding nugget, the lower end of the second welding part and the welding position of the third welding part form a second welding nugget, and voltage sampling points are respectively formed at the two ends of the first welding nugget and the two ends of the second welding nugget; connecting two ends of the first welding part into the anode of the power supply equipment, connecting two ends of the third welding part into the cathode of the power supply equipment, and then continuing for a time t0Supply current I0Current I of0The first welding piece sequentially passes through the first welding nugget, the second welding piece and the second welding nugget to flow to the third welding piece.
3. A method for laser welding weld quality monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the power supply equipment is charge and discharge equipment.
4. A method for laser welding weld quality monitoring according to claim 2, wherein: the voltage sampling points are respectively positioned on two sides of the first welding nugget, one voltage sampling point is positioned on the first welding part, and the other voltage sampling point is positioned on the second welding part.
5. A method for laser welding weld quality monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the specific method of step S2 is as follows: when the voltage acquisition instrument acquires voltage, voltage sampling points are respectively arranged on the first welding part and the second welding part, and the relative position of each acquisition is the same; acquisition start time t1<t0And time is t1The voltage acquisition state is stable.
6. A method for laser welding weld quality monitoring according to claim 5, wherein: the voltage acquisition instrument for acquiring the voltage of a single point position is a voltage internal resistance test instrument; the voltage acquisition instrument for multi-position continuous voltage acquisition is an Agilent test instrument.
7. A method according to claim 1The method for monitoring the welding quality of laser welding is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific method for judging the welding quality in the step S3 is as follows: collecting voltage U of voltage collecting instrument0And communicates with the controller through a serial port or a USB port; the controller compares the acquired voltage data with a standard voltage range, and when the acquired voltage is within the standard range, the controller judges that the welding quality is good and the welding part can normally rotate downwards; when the collected voltage is higher or lower than the standard range, the controller judges that the welding quality is abnormal, and the welding part needs to be isolated.
CN202110268950.2A 2021-03-12 2021-03-12 Method for monitoring welding quality of laser welding Pending CN113063824A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023087552A1 (en) * 2021-11-16 2023-05-25 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 Battery, electric device, and welding deviation detecting device and method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1158162A (en) * 1994-08-02 1997-08-27 贝茨迪尔伯恩有限公司 Deposition sensing method and apparatus
CN106656037A (en) * 2016-09-19 2017-05-10 英利能源(中国)有限公司 Photovoltaic assembly welding quality measurement device and method for performing quality detection by applying same
CN107167700A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-09-15 深圳市拓科智能科技有限公司 The welding spot reliability method of testing and its test device of a kind of battery
CN107607592A (en) * 2017-10-10 2018-01-19 深圳军洋科技发展有限公司 Soldering reliability method of testing and equipment
CN111693573A (en) * 2020-05-12 2020-09-22 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所((工业和信息化部电子第五研究所)(中国赛宝实验室)) Battery tab welding quality evaluation method and device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1158162A (en) * 1994-08-02 1997-08-27 贝茨迪尔伯恩有限公司 Deposition sensing method and apparatus
CN106656037A (en) * 2016-09-19 2017-05-10 英利能源(中国)有限公司 Photovoltaic assembly welding quality measurement device and method for performing quality detection by applying same
CN107167700A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-09-15 深圳市拓科智能科技有限公司 The welding spot reliability method of testing and its test device of a kind of battery
CN107607592A (en) * 2017-10-10 2018-01-19 深圳军洋科技发展有限公司 Soldering reliability method of testing and equipment
CN111693573A (en) * 2020-05-12 2020-09-22 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所((工业和信息化部电子第五研究所)(中国赛宝实验室)) Battery tab welding quality evaluation method and device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023087552A1 (en) * 2021-11-16 2023-05-25 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 Battery, electric device, and welding deviation detecting device and method

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Application publication date: 20210702