CN113063814B - Visual device for simulating low-temperature steel rail surface to meet warm and humid air flow condensation water separation - Google Patents
Visual device for simulating low-temperature steel rail surface to meet warm and humid air flow condensation water separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113063814B CN113063814B CN202110190106.2A CN202110190106A CN113063814B CN 113063814 B CN113063814 B CN 113063814B CN 202110190106 A CN202110190106 A CN 202110190106A CN 113063814 B CN113063814 B CN 113063814B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
- G01N25/142—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation by condensation
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- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of a low-temperature steel rail surface in case of warm wet air flow, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a detection box, a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit, a steel rail, a supporting beam, an air inlet pipeline and an observation unit; the bottom surface of the supporting beam is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the detection box; the rail bottom of the steel rail is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam; the temperature control units are arranged at two sides of the rail web of the steel rail; a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the bottom of the opposite side surfaces of the detection box at equal intervals; the temperature control unit is communicated with the atmosphere through an exhaust hole; the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere through an air inlet hole formed in the top of the side surface of the detection box; the humidity control unit and the observation unit are both arranged on the top surface of the detection box, the device can accurately and effectively simulate the derivatization process of condensing and bleeding water when the surface of the low-temperature steel rail encounters warm and humid air, and the observation unit can be utilized to carefully observe and record the whole derivatization process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wheel-rail surface interface behavior and service performance test, in particular to a visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of low-temperature steel rail surfaces in case of warm wet air.
Background
In recent years, the railway development of China is rapid, and the total mileage of high-speed rail transit and urban rail transit is the first in the world. With the continuous development and extension of railway lines, the environment experienced by the train in the running process is more complex and variable. By taking a Sichuan-Tibetan railway as an example, a train needs to go through a high-ground-temperature tunnel in the running process of the train, the temperature in some tunnels can reach 56 ℃, the humidity is above 80%, the temperature of the external environment of the tunnels is usually below zero, the warm-moisture airflow in the tunnels is brought to the outside of the tunnels in the running process of the train, the warm-moisture airflow in the tunnels is easily condensed into water or even sublimated into ice on the surface of ice-cold wheel rails in the low-temperature environment, the interface friction force and loss failure among the wheel rails of the train are greatly influenced by the external environment, the water medium at the wheel rail interface can accelerate the expansion and peeling of fatigue cracks, and the existence of water and ice films among friction pairs can induce the low adhesion of the wheel rails. Data analysis of the railway operating line indicates: the phenomenon of low adhesion between wheel tracks can cause the problems of insufficient traction force, longer braking distance, idle wheel slip and the like of a train when the wheels are light, and serious safety accidents such as the train rushing out of a platform or collision and the like when the wheels are heavy; and the existence of water, ice films and the like can induce the steel rail to generate surface severe damage different from the normal state. In summary, it is known that water and an ice film are critical to the adhesion and damage of the wheel track, but the occurrence, development and derivatization actions of the water and the ice film under the influence of extreme temperature and humidity are not clear, so that the development of a visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the low-temperature steel rail surface when meeting warm and humid air has very important research value for monitoring the whole derivatization process.
The invention provides a visualization device for simulating low-temperature rail surface hot-air flow condensation and water separation, which can obtain the rail surface hot-air flow condensation and water separation derivatization process under different temperature and humidity environments, and provides an effective monitoring means for researching the condensation and water separation derivatization behavior of rail materials under extreme temperature and humidity effects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a visualization device for simulating cold rail surface condensation and water separation caused by warm and humid air flow, so as to solve the problems in the prior art and realize the observation of the derivatization process of the rail surface condensation and water separation caused by warm and humid air flow under different temperature and humidity environments.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of a low-temperature steel rail surface in case of warm wet air flow, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a detection box, a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit, a steel rail, a supporting beam, an air inlet pipeline and an observation unit;
the bottom surface of the supporting beam is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the detection box; the steel rail bottom is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam; the temperature control units are arranged on two outer side surfaces of the rail web of the steel rail; a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the bottoms of the opposite side surfaces of the detection box at equal intervals; the temperature control unit is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust hole; the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere through an air inlet hole formed in the top of the side surface of the detection box; the humidity control unit and the observation unit are arranged on the top surface of the detection box; and the orifice of the moisture introducing pipe in the humidity control unit is opposite to the top surface of the steel rail.
The temperature control unit (2) is provided with a plurality of groups; the temperature control unit comprises a semiconductor refrigerating sheet, a radiating fan, an air guide pipe and a temperature controller; the semiconductor refrigerating piece refrigerating side face is detachably connected with the outer side face of the steel rail web, the radiating side face of the semiconductor refrigerating piece is sequentially and fixedly connected with the radiating fin, and the radiating fan and the air guide pipe; the air guide pipe is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust hole; the temperature control meter is arranged on one side of the detection box.
Preferably, the radiating side surface of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is fixedly connected with the radiating sheet, the radiating fan and the air guide pipe in sequence, so that the radiating fan can guide hot air emitted by the semiconductor refrigerating sheet out of the detection box.
The humidity control unit also comprises a humidity generator and a heating pipe; one end of the moisture introducing pipe is communicated with the outlet of the humidity generator, and the other end of the moisture introducing pipe penetrates through the top surface of the detection box and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail; the heating pipe is sleeved at the air outlet end of the moisture inlet pipe.
Preferably, the moisture introducing pipe introduces the moisture in the moisture generator into the detection box, and the heating pipe heats the moisture at a low temperature to simulate the real environment.
Preferably, the humidity generator is arranged at one side outside the detection box.
The controllable temperature range of the temperature control unit is-40 ℃ to +60 ℃.
Preferably, the controllable temperature range of the temperature control unit is-40 ℃ to +60 ℃, and necessary conditions are provided for the smooth performance of the test.
The observation unit comprises a lens and a data monitoring system; the lens penetrates through the top surface of the detection box and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail; the lens is electrically connected with the data monitoring system.
Preferably, the lens is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail, and provides an excellent visual angle for observing the experimental process.
Preferably, the data monitoring system is arranged at one side outside the detection box.
And a drying filter is further arranged in the air inlet pipeline.
Preferably, a dry filter is added, so that moisture filtration can be carried out on air entering from the outside, and interference to experimental environment is avoided.
The box body of the detection box is made of transparent materials.
Preferably, the detection box body is made of transparent materials, and convenience is provided for experimenters to observe with naked eyes.
The top surfaces of the supporting beams on the two sides of the steel rail are respectively provided with a semiconductor heating sheet; the temperature control meter comprises a temperature control system, a temperature A sensor and a temperature B sensor; the temperature A sensor is arranged on the top surface of the steel rail; the temperature B sensor is arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam; the temperature A sensor, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, the temperature B sensor and the semiconductor heating sheet are electrically connected with the temperature control system; the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is connected with the temperature A sensor in a closed loop manner; the semiconductor heating plate is connected with the temperature B sensor in a closed loop mode.
Preferably, the temperature B sensor and the semiconductor heating plate are electrically connected with the temperature control system; the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is connected with the temperature A sensor in a closed loop manner; the semiconductor heating plate is connected with the temperature B sensor in a closed loop manner; the temperature in the detection box is controlled to be kept in a preset range through the temperature control system, and the smooth performance of the experiment is ensured.
And the refrigerating side surface of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is also coated with heat-conducting silicone grease.
Preferably, the heat conduction silicone grease is added to improve the heat conduction of the temperature of the steel rail and improve the experimental efficiency.
The number of the exhaust holes formed in the bottoms of the opposite side surfaces of the detection box is equal.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the surface of the low-temperature steel rail after meeting warm and humid air flow can accurately control the temperature of the steel rail and the temperature and humidity of the air flow blown to the rail surface through the temperature control unit and the humidity control unit, can accurately and effectively simulate the derivatization process of the condensation and water separation of the low-temperature steel rail surface after meeting warm and humid air flow, and can carefully observe and record the whole derivatization process by utilizing the observation unit. And collecting experimental data of the steel rail, and providing accurate data support for making measures for protecting the steel rail.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the temperature control unit.
The device comprises a detection box-1, a temperature control unit-2, a temperature A sensor-21, a semiconductor refrigerating sheet-22, a radiating sheet-23, a radiating fan-24, an air guide pipe-25, a temperature B sensor-26, a semiconductor heating sheet-27, a temperature control system-28, a humidity control unit-3, a humidity generator-31, a heating pipe-32, a humidity introducing pipe-33, a steel rail-4, a supporting beam-6, an air inlet pipeline-7, an observation unit-8, a lens-81 and a data monitoring system-82.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of a low-temperature steel rail surface in case of warm wet air flow, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a detection box 1, a temperature control unit 2, a humidity control unit 3, a steel rail 4, a supporting beam 6, an air inlet pipeline 7 and an observation unit 8;
the bottom surface of the supporting beam 6 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the detection box 1; the rail bottom of the steel rail 4 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting cross beam 6; the temperature control units 2 are arranged on two outer side surfaces of the rail web of the steel rail 4; a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the bottom of the opposite side surfaces of the detection box 1 at equal intervals; the temperature control unit 2 is communicated with the atmosphere through an exhaust hole; the air inlet pipeline 7 is communicated with the atmosphere through an air inlet hole formed in the top of the side surface of the detection box 1; the humidity control unit 3 and the observation unit 5 are both arranged on the top surface of the detection box 1; the orifice of the moisture introducing pipe 33 in the humidity control unit 3 is arranged opposite to the top surface of the steel rail 4.
The temperature control unit 2 is provided with a plurality of groups; the temperature control unit 2 comprises a semiconductor refrigerating sheet 22, a radiating sheet 23, a radiating fan 24, an air guide pipe 25 and a temperature controller; the cooling side surface of the semiconductor cooling fin 22 is detachably connected with the outer side surface of the rail web of the steel rail 4, and the cooling side surface of the semiconductor cooling fin 22 is fixedly connected with a cooling fin 23, a cooling fan 24 and an air guide pipe 25 in sequence; the air guide pipe 25 is communicated with the atmosphere through an exhaust hole; the temperature controller is arranged on one side of the detection box 1.
The humidity control unit 3 further includes a humidity generator 31 and a heating pipe 32; one end of the moisture introducing pipe 33 is communicated with the outlet of the moisture generator 31, and the other end of the moisture introducing pipe penetrates through the top surface of the detection box 1 and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail 4; the heating pipe 32 is sleeved at the air outlet end of the moisture inlet pipe 33.
The controllable temperature range of the temperature control unit 2 is-40 ℃ to +60 ℃.
The observation unit 8 includes a lens 81 and a data monitoring system 82; the lens 81 penetrates through the top surface of the detection box 1 and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail 4; the lens 81 is electrically connected to the data monitoring system 82.
A drying filter is also arranged in the air inlet pipeline 7.
The box body of the detection box 1 is made of transparent materials.
A semiconductor heating plate 27 is arranged on the top surface of the supporting cross beam 6 at both sides of the steel rail 4; the temperature control meter comprises a temperature control system 28, a temperature A sensor 21 and a temperature B sensor 26; the temperature A sensor 21 is arranged on the top surface of the steel rail 4; the temperature B sensor 26 is arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam 6; the temperature A sensor 21, the semiconductor refrigerating plate 22, the temperature B sensor 26 and the semiconductor heating plate 27 are electrically connected with the temperature control system 28; the semiconductor refrigerating piece 22 is connected with the temperature A sensor 21 in a closed loop manner; the semiconductor heater plate 27 is connected in a closed loop with the temperature B sensor 26.
The refrigerating side of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 21 is also coated with heat-conducting silicone grease.
The number of the exhaust holes arranged at the bottoms of the opposite side surfaces of the detection box 1 is equal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the steel rail 4 to be tested is arranged at the central position of the detection box 1, and two raised supporting beams 6 are arranged at the bottom of the detection box 1 to support the steel rail 4.
The semiconductor refrigerating sheet 21 and the cooling fan 23 are started, the refrigerating sheet 21 starts to work so that the temperature of a steel rail is reduced, meanwhile, the cooling fan 23 can discharge the hot air emitted by the hot end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 21 out of the detection box 1 together with the wet air in the detection box 1 through an exhaust hole, the temperature A sensor 21 monitors the surface temperature of the steel rail 4, the temperature B sensor 26 monitors the temperature of the inner space of the detection box 1, the temperature data of the temperature A sensor 21 and the temperature B sensor 26 are received through the temperature control system 28, and the opening and closing of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 21 and the semiconductor heating sheet 27 are respectively adjusted so as to realize the adjustment of the surface temperature of the steel rail 4 and the temperature of the inner space of the detection box 1; the air taken in from the air intake duct 7 is sucked through the drying filter and then kept dry, so that the air in the detection box 1 is kept low in humidity.
The lens 81 is adjusted to move up and down to find a proper focal length, so that the surface of the steel rail can be clearly observed.
After the temperature of the rail 4 and the humidity in the detection box 1 reach the preset values, the humidity generator 31 and the heating pipe 32 are started, so that the heated humidity flows to the top surface of the low-temperature rail 4 through the humidity introducing pipe 33, and the condensed water is separated from the surface of the low-temperature rail 4.
The computer observation system 82 connected with the lens 81 can observe and record the condensing and water-separating derivatization process of the low-temperature steel rail surface when meeting warm and humid air.
After the experimental simulation is finished, the humidity generator 31, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 21, the cooling fan 24 and the heating pipe 32 are closed, and after the temperature in the detection box 1 is restored to normal temperature, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 21 is taken down from the steel rail 4 to be detected, and the steel rail 4 to be detected is taken out.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of low-temperature steel rail surface in case of warm and humid air flow is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a detection box (1), a temperature control unit (2), a humidity control unit (3), a steel rail (4), a supporting beam (6), an air inlet pipeline (7) and an observation unit (8);
the bottom surface of the supporting beam (6) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the detection box (1); the rail bottom of the steel rail (4) is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting cross beam (6); the temperature control units (2) are arranged on two outer side surfaces of the rail web of the steel rail (4); the bottom of the opposite side surface of the detection box (1) is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes at equal intervals; the temperature control unit (2) is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust hole; the air inlet pipeline (7) is communicated with the atmosphere through an air inlet hole formed in the top of the side surface of the detection box (1); the humidity control unit (3) and the observation unit (8) are both arranged on the top surface of the detection box (1), and the orifice of a humidity introducing pipe (33) in the humidity control unit (3) is opposite to the top surface of the steel rail (4);
the temperature control unit (2) is provided with a plurality of groups; the temperature control unit (2) comprises a semiconductor refrigerating sheet (22), a radiating fin (23), a radiating fan (24), an air guide pipe (25) and a temperature controller; the cooling side surface of the semiconductor cooling piece (22) is detachably connected with the outer side surface of the rail web of the steel rail (4), the cooling side surface of the semiconductor cooling piece (22) is fixedly connected with the cooling fin (23) in sequence, and the cooling fan (24) and the air guide pipe (25) are arranged on the cooling side surface of the semiconductor cooling piece; the air guide pipe (25) is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust hole; the temperature control meter is arranged on one side of the detection box (1); the humidity control unit (3) further comprises a humidity generator (31) and a heating pipe (32); one end of the moisture introducing pipe (33) is communicated with the outlet of the humidity generator (31), and the other end of the moisture introducing pipe penetrates through the top surface of the detection box (1) and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail (4); the heating pipe (32) is sleeved at the air outlet end of the moisture introducing pipe (33);
the observation unit (8) comprises a lens (81) and a data monitoring system (82); the lens (81) penetrates through the top surface of the detection box (1) and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail (4); the lens (81) is electrically connected with the data monitoring system (82);
a semiconductor heating sheet (27) is arranged on the top surface of the supporting cross beam (6) at two sides of the steel rail (4); the temperature control meter comprises a temperature control system (28), a temperature A sensor (21) and a temperature B sensor (26); the temperature A sensor (21) is arranged on the top surface of the steel rail (4); the temperature B sensor (26) is arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam (6); the temperature A sensor (21), the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (22), the temperature B sensor (26) and the semiconductor heating sheet (27) are electrically connected with the temperature control system (28); the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (22) is connected with the temperature A sensor (21) in a closed loop manner; the semiconductor heating plate (27) is connected with the temperature B sensor (26) in a closed loop.
2. The visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of warm wet air on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visual device is characterized in that: the controllable temperature range of the temperature control unit (2) is-40 ℃ to +60 ℃.
3. The visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of warm wet air on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visual device is characterized in that: and a drying filter is further arranged in the air inlet pipeline (7).
4. The visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of warm wet air on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visual device is characterized in that: the box body of the detection box (1) is made of transparent materials.
5. The visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of warm wet air on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visual device is characterized in that: the refrigerating side surface of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (22) is also coated with heat-conducting silicone grease.
6. The visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of warm wet air on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visual device is characterized in that: the number of the exhaust holes formed in the bottoms of the opposite side surfaces of the detection box (1) is equal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110190106.2A CN113063814B (en) | 2021-02-18 | 2021-02-18 | Visual device for simulating low-temperature steel rail surface to meet warm and humid air flow condensation water separation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110190106.2A CN113063814B (en) | 2021-02-18 | 2021-02-18 | Visual device for simulating low-temperature steel rail surface to meet warm and humid air flow condensation water separation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113063814A CN113063814A (en) | 2021-07-02 |
| CN113063814B true CN113063814B (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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| CN113063814A (en) | 2021-07-02 |
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