CN113063814A - Visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of warm and humid air flow on surface of low-temperature steel rail - Google Patents
Visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of warm and humid air flow on surface of low-temperature steel rail Download PDFInfo
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- CN113063814A CN113063814A CN202110190106.2A CN202110190106A CN113063814A CN 113063814 A CN113063814 A CN 113063814A CN 202110190106 A CN202110190106 A CN 202110190106A CN 113063814 A CN113063814 A CN 113063814A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/14—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation
- G01N25/142—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by using distillation, extraction, sublimation, condensation, freezing, or crystallisation by condensation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visual device for simulating the condensation and water separation of warm and humid air flow on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail, which comprises: the device comprises a detection box, a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit, a steel rail, a supporting beam, an air inlet pipeline and an observation unit; the bottom surface of the supporting beam is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the detection box; the rail bottom of the steel rail is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam; the temperature control units are arranged on two sides of the rail web of the steel rail; a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the bottom of the opposite side surface of the detection box at equal intervals; the temperature control unit is communicated with the atmosphere through an exhaust hole; the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere through an air inlet hole formed in the top of the side face of the detection box; the humidity control unit and the observation unit are arranged on the top surface of the detection box, the device can accurately and effectively simulate the condensation and water separation process of the surface of the low-temperature steel rail when encountering warm and humid air flow, and the whole condensation and water separation process can be carefully observed and recorded by the observation unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing of wheel rail surface interface behavior and service performance, in particular to a visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of warm and humid air flow on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail.
Background
In recent years, China has rapidly developed railways, and the total mileage of high-speed rail and urban rail transit is the first in the world. With the continuous development and extension of railway lines, the environment experienced by trains in the running process is more complicated and changeable. Taking the tibetan railway as an example, when a train runs through a high ground temperature tunnel, the temperature in some tunnels can reach 56 ℃, the humidity is above 80%, the temperature of the environment outside the tunnel is usually below zero, the train brings warm and humid air flow in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel in the running process, the warm and humid air flow in the tunnel is easy to be condensed into water and even sublimate into ice on the surface of an ice-cold wheel rail in a low-temperature environment, the interface friction and loss failure between the wheel rails of the train are greatly influenced by the external environment, the aqueous medium on the interface of the wheel rail can accelerate the expansion and the peeling of fatigue cracks, and the water and the ice film between friction pairs can induce the low adhesion of the wheel rail. Data analysis of the railway service line indicates: the low adhesion phenomenon between the wheel rails can cause the problems of insufficient traction force, lengthened braking distance, wheel idle slip and the like of the train if the wheel rails are low, and can cause serious safety accidents such as the train rushing out of a platform or colliding and the like if the wheel rails are high; and the presence of water and ice film etc. also induces severe surface damage of the rail, unlike normal. In conclusion, the adhesion and damage of the water and the ice film to the rail are important, but the generation, development and derivation behaviors of the water and the ice film under the influence of extreme temperature and humidity are not clear, so that a visual device for simulating the condensation and water evolution of warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature rail is developed, and the monitoring of the whole derivation process has very important research value.
The invention provides a visual device for simulating condensation and water separation of a low-temperature steel rail surface when encountering warm humid air flow and a control method thereof, which can obtain the condensation and water separation process of the steel rail surface when encountering warm humid air flow in different temperature and humidity environments and provide an effective monitoring means for the research of condensation and water separation behaviors of steel rail materials under the influence of extreme temperature and humidity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a visual device for simulating warm and humid air flow condensation and water evolution on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art and realizing the observation of the derivation process of the warm and humid air flow condensation and water evolution on the surface of the steel rail in different temperature and humidity environments.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a visual device for simulating the condensation and water separation of warm and humid air flow on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail, which comprises: the device comprises a detection box, a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit, a steel rail, a supporting beam, an air inlet pipeline and an observation unit;
the bottom surface of the supporting beam is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the detection box; the rail bottom of the steel rail is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam; the temperature control units are arranged on two outer side surfaces of the rail web of the steel rail; a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the bottom of the opposite side surface of the detection box at equal intervals; the temperature control unit is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust hole; the air inlet pipeline is communicated with the atmosphere through an air inlet hole formed in the top of the side face of the detection box; the humidity control unit and the observation unit are both arranged on the top surface of the detection box; and the orifice of a moisture introducing pipe in the humidity control unit is arranged right opposite to the top surface of the steel rail.
The temperature control unit (2) is provided with a plurality of groups; the temperature control unit comprises a semiconductor refrigerating sheet, a radiating fin, a radiating fan, an air guide pipe and a temperature controller; the refrigeration side surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece is detachably connected with the outer side surface of the rail web of the steel rail, and the heat dissipation side surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece is sequentially and fixedly connected with the heat dissipation fin, the heat dissipation fan and the air guide pipe; the air guide pipe is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust hole; the temperature control meter is arranged on one side of the detection box.
Preferably, the heat dissipation side surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece is fixedly connected with the heat dissipation piece, the heat dissipation fan and the air guide pipe in sequence, so that the heat dissipation fan can guide hot air dissipated by the semiconductor refrigeration piece out of the detection box.
The humidity control unit also comprises a humidity generator and a heating pipe; one end of the moisture introducing pipe is communicated with the outlet of the humidity generator, and the other end of the moisture introducing pipe penetrates through the top surface of the detection box and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail; the heating pipe is sleeved at the air outlet end of the moisture introducing pipe.
Preferably, the moisture introducing pipe introduces moisture in the humidity generator into the detection box, and the detection box is heated by the low-temperature moisture through the heating pipe, so that a real environment is simulated.
Preferably, the humidity generator is disposed at one side outside the detection box.
The temperature control unit can control the temperature to be-40 ℃ to +60 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature control unit can control the temperature to be in a range of-40 ℃ to +60 ℃, thereby providing necessary conditions for the smooth operation of the test.
The observation unit comprises a lens and a data monitoring system; the lens penetrates through the top surface of the detection box and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail; the lens is electrically connected with the data monitoring system.
Preferably, the lens is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail, so that an excellent visual angle is provided for observing the experimental process.
Preferably, the data monitoring system is arranged at one side outside the detection box.
And a drying filter is also arranged in the air inlet pipeline.
Preferably, a dry filter is added, so that moisture filtration can be performed on air entering from the outside, and interference on the experimental environment is avoided.
The box body of the detection box is made of transparent materials.
Preferably, the detection box body is made of transparent materials, and convenience is provided for experimenters to carry out visual observation.
The top surfaces of the supporting beams on the two sides of the steel rail are respectively provided with one semiconductor heating sheet; the temperature controller comprises a temperature control system, a temperature A sensor and a temperature B sensor; the temperature A sensor is arranged on the top surface of the steel rail; the temperature B sensor is arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam; the temperature A sensor, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet, the temperature B sensor and the semiconductor heating sheet are electrically connected with the temperature control system; the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is connected with the temperature A sensor in a closed loop manner; the semiconductor heating plate is connected with the temperature B sensor in a closed loop mode.
Preferably, the temperature B sensor and the semiconductor heating plate are both electrically connected with the temperature control system; the semiconductor refrigerating sheet is connected with a temperature A sensor in a closed loop manner; the semiconductor heating plate is connected with a temperature B sensor in a closed loop manner; the temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature in the detection box to be kept in a preset range, and smooth experiment is guaranteed.
And heat-conducting silicone grease is also coated on the refrigerating side surface of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet.
Preferably, the heat conduction of the temperature of the steel rail is improved by adding the heat conduction silicone grease, and the experiment efficiency is improved.
The number of the exhaust holes formed in the bottom of the opposite side face of the detection box is equal.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail after encountering warm and humid air flow can accurately control the temperature of the steel rail and the temperature and humidity of the air flow blown to the rail surface through the temperature control unit and the humidity control unit, accurately and effectively simulate the derivatization process of the condensation and water separation of the low-temperature steel rail surface when encountering warm and humid air flow, and can utilize the observation unit to carry out detailed observation and recording on the whole derivatization process. And collecting the experimental data of the steel rail, and providing accurate data support for making measures for protecting the steel rail.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a side view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the temperature control unit.
The device comprises a detection box-1, a temperature control unit-2, a temperature A sensor-21, a semiconductor refrigerating sheet-22, a radiating sheet-23, a radiating fan-24, an air guide pipe-25, a temperature B sensor-26, a semiconductor heating sheet-27, a temperature control system-28, a humidity control unit-3, a humidity generator-31, a heating pipe-32, a moisture introducing pipe-33, a steel rail-4, a supporting beam-6, an air inlet pipeline-7, an observation unit-8, a lens-81 and a data monitoring system-82.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The invention provides a visual device for simulating the condensation and water separation of warm and humid air flow on the surface of a low-temperature steel rail, which comprises: the device comprises a detection box 1, a temperature control unit 2, a humidity control unit 3, a steel rail 4, a supporting beam 6, an air inlet pipeline 7 and an observation unit 8;
the bottom surface of the supporting beam 6 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the detection box 1; the rail bottom of the steel rail 4 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam 6; the temperature control units 2 are arranged on two outer side surfaces of the rail web of the steel rail 4; a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the bottom of the opposite side surface of the detection box 1 at equal intervals; the temperature control unit 2 is communicated with the atmosphere through an exhaust hole; the air inlet pipeline 7 is communicated with the atmosphere through an air inlet hole formed in the top of the side surface of the detection box 1; the humidity control unit 3 and the observation unit 5 are both arranged on the top surface of the detection box 1; the orifice of the moisture inlet pipe 33 in the humidity control unit 3 is arranged opposite to the top surface of the steel rail 4.
The temperature control unit 2 is provided with a plurality of groups; the temperature control unit 2 comprises a semiconductor refrigerating sheet 22, a radiating fin 23, a radiating fan 24, an air guide pipe 25 and a temperature controller; the refrigeration side surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece 22 is detachably connected with the outer side surface of the rail web of the steel rail 4, and the heat dissipation side surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece 22 is fixedly connected with a heat dissipation sheet 23, a heat dissipation fan 24 and an air guide pipe 25 in sequence; the air guide pipe 25 is communicated with the atmosphere through an exhaust hole; the temperature controller is arranged on one side of the detection box 1.
The humidity control unit 3 further comprises a humidity generator 31 and a heating pipe 32; one end of the moisture introducing pipe 33 is communicated with the outlet of the humidity generator 31, and the other end thereof penetrates through the top surface of the detection box 1 and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail 4; the heating pipe 32 is sleeved on the air outlet end of the moisture introducing pipe 33.
The temperature control unit 2 can control the temperature to be-40 ℃ to +60 ℃.
The observation unit 8 includes a lens 81 and a data monitoring system 82; the lens 81 penetrates through the top surface of the detection box 1 and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail 4; the lens 81 is electrically connected to the data monitoring system 82.
A drying filter is also arranged in the air inlet pipeline 7.
The box body of the detection box 1 is made of transparent materials.
The top surfaces of the supporting beams 6 at two sides of the steel rail 4 are respectively provided with a semiconductor heating sheet 27; the temperature controller comprises a temperature control system 28, a temperature A sensor 21 and a temperature B sensor 26; the temperature A sensor 21 is arranged on the top surface of the steel rail 4; the temperature B sensor 26 is arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam 6; the temperature A sensor 21, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 22, the temperature B sensor 26 and the semiconductor heating sheet 27 are electrically connected with a temperature control system 28; the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 22 is connected with the temperature A sensor 21 in a closed loop mode; the semiconductor heating chip 27 is connected in a closed loop with the temperature B sensor 26.
The refrigeration side surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 21 is also coated with heat-conducting silicone grease.
The number of the exhaust holes formed in the bottom of the opposite side surface of the detection box 1 is equal.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the rail 4 to be tested is placed in the center of the detection box 1, and two protruding support beams 6 are provided at the bottom of the detection box 1 to support the rail 4.
The semiconductor refrigerating sheet 21 and the cooling fan 23 are started, the refrigerating sheet 21 starts to work to reduce the temperature of the steel rail, meanwhile, the cooling fan 23 can enable hot air emitted by the hot end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 21 to be discharged out of the detection box 1 together with wet air in the detection box 1 through an exhaust hole, the temperature A sensor 21 monitors the surface temperature of the steel rail 4, the temperature B sensor 26 monitors the temperature of the inner space of the detection box 1, and the temperature control system 28 receives temperature data of the temperature A sensor 21 and the temperature B sensor 26 to respectively adjust the opening and closing of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 21 and the semiconductor heating sheet 27 so as to adjust the surface temperature of the steel rail 4 and the temperature of the inner space of the detection box 1; the air taken in from the air intake duct 7 is kept dry after being adsorbed by the dry filter, so that the air inside the detection box 1 is kept at a low humidity.
The lens 81 is adjusted to move up and down to find a proper focal distance, so that the surface of the steel rail can be observed clearly.
After the temperature of the steel rail 4 and the humidity in the detection box 1 reach preset values, the humidity generator 31 and the heating pipe 32 are started, so that the heated humidity flows to the top surface of the low-temperature steel rail 4 through the humidity introducing pipe 33, and condensed water is separated on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail 4.
The computer observation system 82 connected with the lens 81 can observe and record the condensation and water separation derivation process of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail in real time.
After the experiment simulation is finished, the humidity generator 31, the semiconductor refrigeration piece 21, the cooling fan 24 and the heating pipe 32 are turned off, and after the temperature in the detection box 1 is recovered to the normal temperature, the semiconductor refrigeration piece 21 is taken down from the steel rail 4 to be detected, and the steel rail 4 to be detected is taken out.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a visual device that simulation low temperature rail surface meets warm humid air stream condensation and educes water which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a detection box (1), a temperature control unit (2), a humidity control unit (3), a steel rail (4), a supporting beam (6), an air inlet pipeline (7) and an observation unit (8);
the bottom surface of the supporting beam (6) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the detection box (1); the rail bottom of the steel rail (4) is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam (6); the temperature control units (2) are arranged on two outer side surfaces of the rail web of the steel rail (4); a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the bottom of the opposite side surface of the detection box (1) at equal intervals; the temperature control unit (2) is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust hole; the air inlet pipeline (7) is communicated with the atmosphere through an air inlet hole formed in the top of the side face of the detection box (1); the humidity control unit (3) and the observation unit (5) are arranged on the top surface of the detection box (1), and the orifice of a moisture introducing pipe (33) in the humidity control unit (3) is just opposite to the top surface of the steel rail (4).
2. The visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visualization device comprises: the temperature control unit (2) is provided with a plurality of groups; the temperature control unit (2) comprises a semiconductor refrigerating sheet (22), a radiating fin (23), a radiating fan (24), an air guide pipe (25) and a temperature controller; the refrigeration side surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece (22) is detachably connected with the outer side surface of the rail web of the steel rail (4), the heat dissipation side surface of the semiconductor refrigeration piece (22) is sequentially and fixedly connected with the heat dissipation fin (23), the heat dissipation fan (24) and the air guide pipe (25); the air guide pipe (25) is communicated with the atmosphere through the exhaust hole; the temperature controller is arranged on one side of the detection box (1).
3. The visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visualization device comprises: the humidity control unit (3) further comprises a humidity generator (31) and a heating pipe (32); one end of the moisture introducing pipe (33) is communicated with the outlet of the humidity generator (31), and the other end of the moisture introducing pipe penetrates through the top surface of the detection box (1) and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail (4); the heating pipe (32) is sleeved at the air outlet end of the moisture introducing pipe (33).
4. The visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visualization device comprises: the temperature control unit (2) can control the temperature to be-40 ℃ to +60 ℃.
5. The visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visualization device comprises: the observation unit (8) comprises a lens (81) and a data monitoring system (82); the lens (81) penetrates through the top surface of the detection box (1) and is arranged right above the top surface of the steel rail (4); the lens (81) is electrically connected with the data monitoring system (82).
6. The visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visualization device comprises: and a drying filter is also arranged in the air inlet pipeline (7).
7. The visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visualization device comprises: the box body of the detection box (1) is made of transparent materials.
8. The visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail according to claim 2, wherein the visualization device comprises: the top surfaces of the supporting beams (6) on the two sides of the steel rail (4) are respectively provided with a semiconductor heating sheet (27); the temperature control meter comprises a temperature control system (28), a temperature A sensor (21) and a temperature B sensor (26); the temperature A sensor (21) is arranged on the top surface of the steel rail (4); the temperature B sensor (26) is arranged on the top surface of the supporting beam (6); the temperature A sensor (21), the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (22), the temperature B sensor (26) and the semiconductor heating sheet (27) are electrically connected with the temperature control system (28); the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (22) is connected with the temperature A sensor (21) in a closed loop manner; the semiconductor heating sheet (27) is connected with the temperature B sensor (26) in a closed loop mode.
9. The visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail according to claim 2, wherein the visualization device comprises: and heat-conducting silicone grease is also coated on the refrigerating side surface of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (22).
10. The visualization device for simulating the condensation and water separation of the warm and humid air flow on the surface of the low-temperature steel rail according to claim 1, wherein the visualization device comprises: the number of the exhaust holes formed in the bottom of the opposite side face of the detection box (1) is equal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110190106.2A CN113063814B (en) | 2021-02-18 | 2021-02-18 | Visual device for simulating low-temperature steel rail surface to meet warm and humid air flow condensation water separation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110190106.2A CN113063814B (en) | 2021-02-18 | 2021-02-18 | Visual device for simulating low-temperature steel rail surface to meet warm and humid air flow condensation water separation |
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| CN113063814B CN113063814B (en) | 2023-11-03 |
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