CN113063390A - Method for detecting flatness of top cover of large water turbine - Google Patents

Method for detecting flatness of top cover of large water turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113063390A
CN113063390A CN202110301721.6A CN202110301721A CN113063390A CN 113063390 A CN113063390 A CN 113063390A CN 202110301721 A CN202110301721 A CN 202110301721A CN 113063390 A CN113063390 A CN 113063390A
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top cover
flatness
water turbine
measuring
height
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杨钢
徐川沂
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Chongqing Water Turbine Works Co Ltd
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Chongqing Water Turbine Works Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/30—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for detecting the planeness of a top cover of a large water turbine, which comprises the following steps: a level gauge is arranged on the inner side of the top cover of the water turbine, and the observation point of the level gauge is higher than the upper end surface of the top cover of the water turbine; adjusting and fixing the level gauge; selecting 4-8 measuring points which are symmetrically arranged on the upper end surface of the water turbine top cover; installing a height vernier caliper at a measuring point; the height dimensions of all the measurement points are detected by a level and the flatness of the measurement points is calculated. The method for detecting the flatness of the top cover of the water turbine has the advantages that the implementation process is very convenient and simple, the flatness of the top cover of the whole water turbine can be detected only by mounting the level gauge on the inner side of the top cover of the water turbine once, the monitoring position does not need to be replaced for many times, and no obstacles are blocked, only one operator is used for completing the detection of the top cover of the water turbine of the seventh-class power station in the south Europe and the Yangtze river within three minutes, and the detection cost and the detection time are greatly saved.

Description

Method for detecting flatness of top cover of large water turbine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection method of a top cover of a large-scale water turbine, in particular to a method for detecting the flatness of the top cover of the large-scale water turbine.
Background
During the assembly process of a large water turbine (the specification of which is more than 2000 multiplied by 2000mm or the diameter of which is more than 2000mm), the flatness detection of a top cover of the large water turbine is required. The existing method usually adopts a level meter to detect, however, the roughness requirement of the plane to be measured is high by adopting the level meter, the plane to be measured cannot have a boss or a pit, and the greater disadvantage is that the measurement precision is higherPoor measurement efficiency and complicated measurement process, such as Lao south Europe and river seven-grade power station (capacity 105MW), and measuring the top cover of the water turbine
Figure BDA0002986574440000012
Figure BDA0002986574440000013
Flatness takes 10 minutes for two people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the planeness of a top cover of a large-sized water turbine, which is used for solving the technical problems of high requirement on the roughness of a plane to be measured, poor measurement precision, low measurement efficiency and complicated measurement process in the traditional water turbine top cover planeness measurement process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A method for detecting the flatness of a top cover of a large water turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, installing a level gauge on the inner side of a top cover of a water turbine, wherein the observation point of the level gauge is higher than the upper end surface of the top cover of the water turbine;
step 2, adjusting and fixing the level gauge;
step 3, selecting 4-8 measuring points which are symmetrically arranged on the upper end surface of the top cover of the water turbine;
step 4, mounting a height vernier caliper at the measuring point;
and 5, detecting the height sizes of all the measuring points by using a level gauge, and calculating the flatness of the measuring points.
Preferably, in step 3, 4 measuring points which are symmetrically arranged are selected on the upper end face of the top cover of the water turbine, and the 4 measuring points are respectively located at + X direction, + Y direction, -X direction and-Y direction.
Further, in step 5, firstly measuring the height dimension a of + X direction, then respectively measuring the height dimensions b, c and d of + Y, -X and-Y directions, wherein the height difference in X direction is a-c, the height difference in Y direction is b-d, the flatness of the measuring plane in X direction is a-c, the flatness of the measuring plane in Y direction is b-d, and the comprehensive flatness is
Figure BDA0002986574440000011
For further improving the convenience of measurement, the spirit level is installed in the axis department of hydraulic turbine top cap.
In order to further improve the measuring efficiency and accuracy, the level adopts an electronic level, the electronic level comprises a memory, a processor and a program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, and the processor executes the program to realize the following steps/functions:
reading + X azimuth height size data a, + Y azimuth height size data b, -X azimuth height size data c and-Y azimuth height size data d;
calculating the flatness of the measuring plane in the X direction according to the formula (I), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Ft(x)＝a-c………(Ⅰ)
calculating the flatness of the measurement plane in the Y direction according to the formula (II), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Ft(y)＝b-d………(Ⅱ)
calculating the flatness of the measuring plane in the M direction according to the formula (III), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Ft(m)＝m1-m2………(Ⅲ)
calculating the comprehensive flatness Ft according to the formula (IV), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Figure BDA0002986574440000021
in the above formulas, a represents a + X azimuth height dimension, a represents a + Y azimuth height dimension, c represents a-X azimuth height dimension, d represents a-Y azimuth height dimension, and m1Denotes the height dimension, m, of the measurement point between the + X and + Y orientations2Representing the height dimension of the measurement point between the-X orientation and the-Y orientation; if there are multiple measurement points between the + X orientation and the + Y orientation, then m1Taking the average value; if there are multiple measurement points between the-X orientation and the-Y orientation, then m2Taking the average value; if it isM is determined by the fact that there is no measuring point between + X position and + Y position and between-X position and-Y position1＝0，m2＝0。
Has the advantages that: the invention can improve the measurement precision of the planeness of the top cover of the large water turbine to 0.20mm by an extremely simple and ingenious method, can realize that the qualified rate of the detection quality can reach 100 percent, and improves the measurement efficiency by about 40 percent compared with the detection efficiency of a level meter; the method for detecting the flatness of the top cover of the water turbine has the advantages that the implementation process is very convenient and simple, the flatness of the top cover of the whole water turbine can be detected only by installing the level gauge on the inner side of the top cover of the water turbine once, the monitoring position does not need to be changed for many times, and no obstacles are blocked, only one operator is used for completing the detection of the top cover of the water turbine of the seventh-level power station in south Europe and the Yangtze river within three minutes (including the installation and adjustment time of the level gauge), and the detection cost and the detection time are greatly saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of detecting the flatness of a top cover of a large-scale water turbine in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the measurement of the orientation in example 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the measurement orientation in example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are only used for understanding the principle of the present invention and the core idea thereof, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications to the invention as described herein, which do not depart from the principles of the invention, are intended to be within the scope of the claims which follow.
Example 1
A method for detecting the flatness of a top cover of a large-scale water turbine comprises the following steps:
step 1, as shown in fig. 1, installing a level 2 at a central axis of the inner side of a top cover 1 of a water turbine, wherein the observation point of the level 2 is higher than the upper end surface of the top cover 1 of the water turbine;
step 2, adjusting and fixing the level 2;
step 3, as shown in fig. 2, selecting 4 symmetrically arranged measuring points on the upper end surface of the water turbine top cover 1, wherein the 4 measuring points are respectively positioned at + X position, + Y position, -X position and-Y position;
step 4, mounting a height vernier caliper 3 at each measuring point and fixing the height vernier caliper 3;
and 5, detecting the height sizes of all the measuring points by using the level 2, and calculating the flatness of the measuring points. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: firstly measuring the height dimension a of + X direction, then respectively measuring the height dimensions b, c and d of + Y, -X and-Y directions, the height difference in X direction is a-c, the height difference in Y direction is b-d, the flatness of the measuring plane in X direction is a-c, the flatness of the measuring plane in Y direction is b-d, and the comprehensive flatness is
Figure BDA0002986574440000031
Example 2
A method for detecting the flatness of a top cover of a large-scale water turbine comprises the following steps:
step 1, as shown in fig. 1, installing a level 2 at a central axis of the inner side of a top cover 1 of a water turbine, wherein the observation point of the level 2 is higher than the upper end surface of the top cover 1 of the water turbine;
step 2, adjusting and fixing the level 2;
step 3, as shown in fig. 3, selecting 6 symmetrically arranged measuring points on the upper end surface of the water turbine top cover 1, wherein the 6 measuring points are respectively positioned on the symmetrical lines of + X direction, + Y direction, -X direction, -Y direction, + X direction and + Y direction (defined as + m direction), -X direction and-Y direction (defined as-m direction);
step 4, mounting a height vernier caliper 3 at each measuring point and fixing the height vernier caliper 3;
and 5, detecting the height sizes of all the measuring points by using the level 2, and calculating the flatness of the measuring points.
In this embodiment, the level 2 is an electronic level, the electronic level includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and capable of being executed on the processor, and the processor implements the following steps/functions when executing the program:
reading + X azimuth height size data a, + Y azimuth height size data b, -X azimuth height size data c and-Y azimuth height size data d;
calculating the flatness of the measuring plane in the X direction according to the formula (I), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Ft(x)＝a-c………(Ⅰ)
calculating the flatness of the measurement plane in the Y direction according to the formula (II), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Ft(y)＝b-d………(Ⅱ)
calculating the flatness of the measuring plane in the M direction according to the formula (III), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Ft(m)＝m1-m2………(Ⅲ)
calculating the comprehensive flatness Ft according to the formula (IV), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Figure BDA0002986574440000041
in the above formulas, a represents a + X azimuth height dimension, a represents a + Y azimuth height dimension, c represents a-X azimuth height dimension, d represents a-Y azimuth height dimension, and m1Denotes the height dimension, m, of the measurement point between the + X and + Y orientations2Representing the height dimension of the measurement point between the-X orientation and the-Y orientation;
in a specific embodiment, if a plurality of measurement points are required to be selected between the + X position and the + Y position for measurement, then m1Taking the average value; if a plurality of measuring points are required to be selected between the-X position and the-Y position for measurement, then m2Taking the average value; if there is no measuring point between the + X position and the + Y position and between the-X position and the-Y position, then m1＝0，m2＝0。

Claims (5)

1. A method for detecting the flatness of a top cover of a large water turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, installing a level gauge on the inner side of a top cover of a water turbine, wherein the observation point of the level gauge is higher than the upper end surface of the top cover of the water turbine;
step 2, adjusting and fixing the level gauge;
step 3, selecting 4-8 measuring points which are symmetrically arranged on the upper end surface of the top cover of the water turbine;
step 4, mounting a height vernier caliper at the measuring point;
and 5, detecting the height sizes of all the measuring points by using a level gauge, and calculating the flatness of the measuring points.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: and 3, selecting 4 measuring points which are symmetrically arranged on the upper end surface of the top cover of the water turbine, wherein the 4 measuring points are respectively positioned in the + X direction, the + Y direction, the-X direction and the-Y direction.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: in step 5, firstly measuring the height dimension a of + X direction, then respectively measuring the height dimensions b, c and d of + Y, -X and-Y directions, wherein the height difference in the X direction is a-c, the height difference in the Y direction is b-d, the flatness of the measuring plane in the X direction is a-c, the flatness of the measuring plane in the Y direction is b-d, and the comprehensive flatness is
Figure FDA0002986574430000011
4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the spirit level is installed in the axis department of hydraulic turbine top cap.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the level adopts an electronic level, the electronic level comprises a memory, a processor and a program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, and the processor executes the program to realize the following steps/functions:
reading + X azimuth height size data a, + Y azimuth height size data b, -X azimuth height size data c and-Y azimuth height size data d;
calculating the flatness of the measuring plane in the X direction according to the formula (I), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Ft(x)＝a-c………(Ⅰ)
calculating the flatness of the measurement plane in the Y direction according to the formula (II), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Ft(y)＝b-d………(Ⅱ)
calculating the flatness of the measuring plane in the M direction according to the formula (III), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Ft(m)＝m1-m2………(Ⅲ)
calculating the comprehensive flatness Ft according to the formula (IV), outputting a numerical value and displaying the numerical value on a display interface;
Figure FDA0002986574430000012
in the above formulas, a represents a + X azimuth height dimension, a represents a + Y azimuth height dimension, c represents a-X azimuth height dimension, d represents a-Y azimuth height dimension, and m1Denotes the height dimension, m, of the measurement point between the + X and + Y orientations2Representing the height dimension of the measurement point between the-X orientation and the-Y orientation; if there are multiple measurement points between the + X orientation and the + Y orientation, then m1Taking the average value; if there are multiple measurement points between the-X orientation and the-Y orientation, then m2Taking the average value; if there is no measuring point between the + X position and the + Y position and between the-X position and the-Y position, then m1＝0，m2＝0。
CN202110301721.6A 2021-03-22 2021-03-22 Method for detecting flatness of top cover of large water turbine Pending CN113063390A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030145476A1 (en) * 2002-02-07 2003-08-07 Kun-Chen Chen Drafting tool
CN102252638A (en) * 2011-04-29 2011-11-23 大连海事大学 Data splicing technology for measuring flatness of super large plane
CN104034307A (en) * 2014-06-27 2014-09-10 天津二十冶建设有限公司 Rapid levelness aligning method for large-size equipment
CN205940544U (en) * 2016-06-30 2017-02-08 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 Levelling rod and foundation ring levelness measurement system
CN109520475A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-26 阳江核电有限公司 Horizontal degree measurement calculation method in a kind of in-pile component installation process
CN208984064U (en) * 2018-08-08 2019-06-14 盐城阿特斯阳光能源科技有限公司 Levelness detecting device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030145476A1 (en) * 2002-02-07 2003-08-07 Kun-Chen Chen Drafting tool
CN102252638A (en) * 2011-04-29 2011-11-23 大连海事大学 Data splicing technology for measuring flatness of super large plane
CN104034307A (en) * 2014-06-27 2014-09-10 天津二十冶建设有限公司 Rapid levelness aligning method for large-size equipment
CN205940544U (en) * 2016-06-30 2017-02-08 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 Levelling rod and foundation ring levelness measurement system
CN208984064U (en) * 2018-08-08 2019-06-14 盐城阿特斯阳光能源科技有限公司 Levelness detecting device
CN109520475A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-26 阳江核电有限公司 Horizontal degree measurement calculation method in a kind of in-pile component installation process

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Application publication date: 20210702