CN113063174A - Efficient electric heating molten salt system and method - Google Patents
Efficient electric heating molten salt system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113063174A CN113063174A CN202110543609.3A CN202110543609A CN113063174A CN 113063174 A CN113063174 A CN 113063174A CN 202110543609 A CN202110543609 A CN 202110543609A CN 113063174 A CN113063174 A CN 113063174A
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- molten salt
- air
- heater
- temperature
- resistance wire
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/006—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses air heating system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
- F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency electric heating molten salt system and a method, wherein the system consists of power supply equipment, a resistance wire, an air heater, a liquid removal filter screen, a molten salt heater, a compression fan, a molten salt pump, user equipment, molten salt, a drying device and a control valve; the invention uses the compressed air as the direct heat transfer medium, accelerates the cooling intensity of the resistance wire, improves the power density and the reliability of the resistance wire, the high-temperature compressed air directly contacts with the fused salt for heat exchange, improves the heat exchange rate, reduces the usage amount of the resistance wire and the stainless steel, and integrally reduces the production cost of the electric heater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fused salt energy storage, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency electric heating fused salt system and a method, which are suitable for various heat storage systems using fused salt as a medium, can improve the heat exchange rate, and reduce the cost of a fused salt electric heater.
Background
At present, renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like in China are rapidly developed year by year, in addition, the electricity consumption of the whole society is increased year by year, the electricity peak-valley difference of a power grid is increased day by day, and the power grid has stronger and stronger requirements on energy storage technology with low cost and long service life. According to the energy storage quality, the existing energy storage technology can be simply divided into electricity storage, potential energy storage and heat storage, wherein the electricity storage can be divided into lithium batteries, flow batteries, super capacitors and the like, the potential energy storage can be divided into pumped storage, compressed air, flywheels and the like, and the heat storage can be divided into solid heat storage, fused salt heat storage, thermochemical storage and the like.
The molten salt heat storage technology is widely applied to scenes such as solar photo-thermal power stations, clean heating and the like at present, and has the advantages of low cost, high heat storage temperature and long service life. The fused salt heat storage is used for assisting the peak regulation, frequency modulation and steam supply of the thermal power plant, so that the income of the power plant can be effectively improved, and the fused salt heat storage has wide market space and application value under the condition of rapid development of photovoltaic and wind power. When the fused salt heat storage is used for realizing the functions of peak regulation, frequency regulation and the like, an electric heater is indispensable. At present, all electric heaters used for heating molten salt are resistance heaters, and the working principle is as follows: utilize resistance wire to produce the heat, be equipped with corrosion-resistant stainless steel cover outside the resistance wire, fill insulating heat conduction's magnesium oxide powder between stainless steel cover and the resistance wire, the molten salt that flows is outside the stainless steel cover, constantly takes away the heat that the resistance wire produced. The existing resistance heater has the defects of limited heat transfer power of a resistance wire with unit length, large using amount of high-cost stainless steel, high unit power cost and large occupied area.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the conventional resistance-type molten salt electric heater, the invention provides a high-efficiency electric heating molten salt system and a method, the system utilizes compressed air as a direct heat transfer medium, the cooling strength of a resistance wire is accelerated, the power density and the reliability of the resistance wire are improved, high-temperature compressed air directly contacts with molten salt for heat exchange, the heat exchange rate is improved, the use amount of the resistance wire and stainless steel is reduced, and the production cost of the electric heater is integrally reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A high-efficiency electric heating molten salt system is composed of power supply equipment 1, a resistance wire 2, an air heater 3, a liquid removal filter screen 4, a molten salt heater 5, a compression fan 6, a molten salt pump 7, user equipment 8, a salt dredging valve 9, molten salt 10, a first valve 11, a drying device 12 and a second valve 13;
the positive and negative interfaces of the power supply device 1 are respectively connected with two ends of a resistance wire 2, and the resistance wire 2 is arranged in an air heater 3; a high-pressure air outlet of the compression fan 6 is sequentially connected with an air inlet of the air heater 3, an air outlet of the air heater 3 and an air inlet of the molten salt heater 5, the air outlet of the molten salt heater 5 is divided into two paths, one path is directly connected with a low-pressure air inlet of the compression fan 6, and the other path is connected with the low-pressure air inlet of the compression fan 6 through a first valve 11, an air inlet of a drying device 12, an air outlet of the drying device 12 and a second valve 13; the high-temperature molten salt outlet of the molten salt heater 5 is sequentially connected with the inlet of the molten salt pump 7, the outlet of the molten salt pump 7, the high-temperature molten salt inlet of the user equipment 8, the low-temperature molten salt outlet of the user equipment 8 and the low-temperature molten salt inlet of the molten salt heater 5; the liquid removal filter screen 4 is arranged near an air outlet in the molten salt heater 5, the molten salt 10 is arranged in the molten salt heater 5, and the salt dredging valve 9 is connected with the bottom of the molten salt heater 5; the system utilizes compressed air as a direct heat transfer medium, so that the cooling strength of the resistance wire is accelerated, the power density and the reliability of the resistance wire are improved, the high-temperature compressed air directly contacts with molten salt for heat exchange, the heat exchange rate is improved, the use amount of the resistance wire and stainless steel is reduced, and the production cost of the electric heater is integrally reduced.
The resistance wire 2 is directly cooled by high-pressure air, so that the insulation effect is good, the heat exchange rate is high, and the power density of the resistance wire can be obviously improved.
The molten salt 10 adopts high-temperature and high-pressure air to directly mix and exchange heat, an intermediate heat exchanger is omitted, and the material cost is reduced.
The liquid removal filter screen 4 is used for filtering molten salt liquid drops carried in air, and avoids polluting blades of the compression fan 6 and the resistance wire 2.
The drying device 12 is used for removing moisture in air and molten salt and preventing corrosion of the resistance wire and vibration of the molten salt pump 7.
The salt dredging valve 9 can drain the molten salt 10 in the molten salt heater 5 during system maintenance or shutdown.
The system utilizes compressed air as a direct heat transfer medium, the heat transfer rate far exceeds the heat conduction rate of magnesium oxide powder, the power density and the reliability of the resistance wire are improved, the high-temperature compressed air directly contacts with molten salt for heat exchange, and the use amount of the resistance wire and stainless steel is reduced.
The efficient electric heating molten salt system operates according to the following method:
the power supply equipment 1 supplies current to the resistance wire 2, and the resistance wire 2 generates heat; the low-pressure air enters the air heater 3 after the pressure of the low-pressure air is increased by the compression fan 6, and the high-pressure air in the air heater 3 flows through the surface of the resistance wire 2 to absorb heat to increase the temperature; high-temperature and high-pressure air enters the molten salt 10 from the lower part of the molten salt heater 5, and then the high-temperature and high-pressure air is mixed with the molten salt 10 to transfer heat, so that the temperature of the released heat of the air is reduced, and the temperature of the absorbed heat of the molten salt is increased; the molten salt liquid drops carried in the low-temperature air are removed after the low-temperature air passes through the liquid removing filter screen 4, when the moisture content in the air exceeds the standard, the first valve 11 and the second valve 13 are opened, the low-temperature air passes through the drying device 12 to remove moisture, and then enters the compression fan 6 to increase the pressure again; high-temperature molten salt is conveyed to user equipment 8 through a molten salt pump 7, and low-temperature molten salt at an outlet of the user equipment 8 reenters the molten salt heater 5 through a molten salt inlet on the upper portion of the molten salt heater 5 to increase the temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the high-efficiency electric heating molten salt system and the method are suitable for various heat storage systems taking molten salt as a medium, the system utilizes compressed air as a direct heat transfer medium, the cooling strength of a resistance wire is accelerated, the power density and the reliability of the resistance wire are improved, high-temperature compressed air directly contacts with the molten salt for heat exchange, the heat exchange rate is improved, the use amount of the resistance wire and stainless steel is reduced, and the production cost of an electric heater is integrally reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-power supply equipment 2-resistance wire 3-air heater 4-filter screen 5-molten salt heater 6-fan 7-molten salt pump 8-user equipment 9-salt dredging valve 10-molten salt 11-first valve 12-drying device 13-second valve.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments, which are described herein for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.
As shown in figure 1, the efficient electric heating molten salt system disclosed by the invention comprises power supply equipment 1, a resistance wire 2, an air heater 3, a liquid removal filter screen 4, a molten salt heater 5, a compression fan 6, a molten salt pump 7, user equipment 8, a salt dredging valve 9, molten salt 10, a first valve 11, a drying device 12 and a second valve 13.
The positive and negative interfaces of the power supply device 1 are respectively connected with two ends of a resistance wire 2, and the resistance wire 2 is arranged in an air heater 3; the high-pressure air outlet of the compression fan 6 is sequentially connected with the air inlet of the air heater 3, the air outlet of the air heater 3, the air inlet of the molten salt heater 5, the air outlet of the molten salt heater 5 and the low-pressure air inlet of the compression fan 6; the high-temperature molten salt outlet of the molten salt heater 5 is sequentially connected with the inlet of the molten salt pump 7, the outlet of the molten salt pump 7, the high-temperature molten salt inlet of the user equipment 8, the low-temperature molten salt outlet of the user equipment 8 and the low-temperature molten salt inlet of the molten salt heater 5; the liquid removal filter screen 4 is arranged near an air outlet in the molten salt heater 5, the molten salt 10 is arranged in the molten salt heater 5, and the salt dredging valve 9 is connected with the bottom of the molten salt heater 5; an air outlet of the molten salt heater 5 is sequentially connected with a first valve 11, an air inlet of a drying device 12, an air outlet of the drying device 12, a second valve 13 and a low-pressure air inlet of the compression fan 6; the system utilizes compressed air as a direct heat transfer medium, so that the cooling strength of the resistance wire is accelerated, the power density and the reliability of the resistance wire are improved, the high-temperature compressed air directly contacts with molten salt for heat exchange, the heat exchange rate is improved, the use amount of the resistance wire and stainless steel is reduced, and the production cost of the electric heater is integrally reduced.
The efficient electric heating molten salt system provided by the invention operates according to the following method:
the power supply equipment 1 supplies current to the resistance wire 2, and the resistance wire 2 generates heat; the low-pressure air enters the air heater 3 after the pressure of the low-pressure air is increased by the compression fan 6, and the high-pressure air in the air heater 3 flows through the surface of the resistance wire 2 to absorb heat to increase the temperature; high-temperature and high-pressure air enters the molten salt 10 from the lower part of the molten salt heater 5, and then the high-temperature and high-pressure air is mixed with the molten salt 10 to transfer heat, so that the temperature of the released heat of the air is reduced, and the temperature of the absorbed heat of the molten salt is increased; the molten salt liquid drops carried in the low-temperature air are removed after the low-temperature air passes through the liquid removing filter screen 4, when the moisture content in the air exceeds the standard, the first valve 11 and the second valve 13 are opened, the low-temperature air passes through the drying device 12 to remove moisture, and then enters the compression fan 6 to increase the pressure again; high-temperature molten salt is conveyed to user equipment 8 through a molten salt pump 7, and low-temperature molten salt at an outlet of the user equipment 8 reenters the molten salt heater 5 through a molten salt inlet on the upper portion of the molten salt heater 5 to increase the temperature.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the invention. Any insubstantial modification of the invention using this concept is intended to be covered by the act of infringing the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An efficient electrically heated molten salt system, characterized in that: the device comprises power supply equipment (1), a resistance wire (2), an air heater (3), a liquid removing filter screen (4), a molten salt heater (5), a compression fan (6), a molten salt pump (7), user equipment (8), a salt dredging valve (9), molten salt (10), a first valve (11), a drying device (12) and a second valve (13);
the positive and negative interfaces of the power supply device (1) are respectively connected with two ends of the resistance wire (2), and the resistance wire (2) is arranged in the air heater (3); a high-pressure air outlet of the compression fan (6) is sequentially connected with an air inlet of the air heater (3), an air outlet of the air heater (3) and an air inlet of the molten salt heater (5), the air outlet of the molten salt heater (5) is divided into two paths, one path is directly connected with the low-pressure air inlet of the compression fan (6), and the other path is connected with the low-pressure air inlet of the compression fan (6) through a first valve (11), an air inlet of a drying device (12), an air outlet of the drying device (12) and a second valve (13); the high-temperature molten salt outlet of the molten salt heater (5) is sequentially connected with the inlet of the molten salt pump (7), the outlet of the molten salt pump (7), the high-temperature molten salt inlet of the user equipment (8), the low-temperature molten salt outlet of the user equipment (8) and the low-temperature molten salt inlet of the molten salt heater (5); the liquid removal filter screen (4) is arranged near an air outlet in the molten salt heater (5), the molten salt (10) is arranged in the molten salt heater (5), and the salt dredging valve (9) is connected with the bottom of the molten salt heater (5); the system utilizes compressed air as a direct heat transfer medium, so that the cooling strength of the resistance wire is accelerated, the power density and the reliability of the resistance wire are improved, the high-temperature compressed air directly contacts with molten salt for heat exchange, the heat exchange rate is improved, the use amount of the resistance wire and stainless steel is reduced, and the production cost of the electric heater is integrally reduced.
2. A highly efficient electrically heated molten salt system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the resistance wire (2) is directly cooled by high-pressure air, so that the insulation effect is good, the heat exchange rate is high, and the power density of the resistance wire can be obviously improved.
3. A highly efficient electrically heated molten salt system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the molten salt (10) adopts high-temperature and high-pressure air to directly mix and exchange heat, an intermediate heat exchanger is omitted, and the material cost is reduced.
4. A highly efficient electrically heated molten salt system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the liquid removing filter screen (4) is used for filtering molten salt liquid drops carried in air, and avoids polluting blades of the compression fan (6) and the resistance wire (2).
5. A highly efficient electrically heated molten salt system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the drying device (12) is used for removing moisture in air and molten salt and preventing corrosion of the resistance wire and vibration of the molten salt pump (7).
6. A highly efficient electrically heated molten salt system as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the salt dredging valve (9) can discharge the molten salt (10) in the molten salt heater (5) during system maintenance or shutdown.
7. A method of operating a highly efficient electrically heated molten salt system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein:
the power supply equipment (1) supplies current to the resistance wire (2), and the resistance wire (2) generates heat; the low-pressure air enters the air heater (3) after the pressure of the low-pressure air is increased by the compression fan (6), and the high-pressure air in the air heater (3) flows through the surface of the resistance wire (2) to absorb heat to increase the temperature; high-temperature and high-pressure air enters the molten salt (10) from the lower part of the molten salt heater (5), then the high-temperature and high-pressure air is mixed with the molten salt (10) for heat transfer, the temperature of the heat released by the air is reduced, and the temperature of the heat absorbed by the molten salt is increased; molten salt liquid drops carried in the low-temperature air are removed after the low-temperature air passes through the liquid removing filter screen (4), when the moisture content in the air exceeds the standard, the first valve (11) and the second valve (13) are opened, the low-temperature air passes through the drying device (12) to remove moisture, and then enters the compression fan (6) to increase the pressure again; high-temperature molten salt is conveyed to user equipment (8) through a molten salt pump (7), and low-temperature molten salt at an outlet of the user equipment (8) reenters the molten salt heater (5) through a molten salt inlet at the upper part of the molten salt heater (5) to improve the temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110543609.3A CN113063174A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Efficient electric heating molten salt system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110543609.3A CN113063174A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Efficient electric heating molten salt system and method |
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| CN113063174A true CN113063174A (en) | 2021-07-02 |
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Application publication date: 20210702 |
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