CN107100807B - Direct contact heat exchange tower type solar thermal power station system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Direct contact heat exchange tower type solar thermal power station system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107100807B CN107100807B CN201710243346.8A CN201710243346A CN107100807B CN 107100807 B CN107100807 B CN 107100807B CN 201710243346 A CN201710243346 A CN 201710243346A CN 107100807 B CN107100807 B CN 107100807B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/063—Tower concentrators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct contact heat exchange tower type solar thermal power station system and a working method thereof, and belongs to the field of solar heat utilization. The system comprises a heliostat field, a heat absorber, a fused salt heat storage and release subsystem, a turbine, a generator, a preheater, a cooler and a compressor. The heliostat field reflects sunlight into the heat absorber, gas is compressed, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated through the heat absorber to push the turbine to do work and generate power, and the working method is adjusted by combining the fused salt heat storage and release subsystem according to different solar energy intensity. The invention utilizes the characteristics of low vapor pressure of molten salt, wide use temperature range and the like, adopts a direct contact heat exchange mode of gas and molten salt to replace the traditional dividing wall type heat exchange, can improve the heat exchange efficiency, reduce the heat exchange temperature difference, and simultaneously adopts gas as a working medium to avoid the phenomena of flow corrosion and freezing blockage of molten salt in a large range in a pipeline; meanwhile, continuous and stable operation under different solar energy intensities can be realized, and stable high-quality electric energy is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention designs a direct contact heat exchange tower type solar thermal power station system and a working method thereof, and belongs to the field of solar heat utilization.
Background
Today, where energy crisis and environmental problems are increasing, development and utilization of pollution-free renewable energy is urgent. Solar energy is a safe, clean and renewable green energy source, and the solar energy is mainly utilized by photo-thermal conversion and photoelectric conversion. The solar photo-thermal power generation is to collect solar heat energy by using a large-scale heliostat field, generate steam by using a heat exchange device and combine the traditional power generation process to generate power. Due to the intermittence of solar energy, existing solar thermal power plant systems are also equipped with low cost large scale thermal storage systems to provide stable high quality electrical energy. The molten salt is widely applied to a heat storage system due to the wide use temperature range, large heat capacity, low vapor pressure, service life and price superior to other heat storage media such as heat conducting oil and the like.
The direct contact type heat exchange means that two media participating in the heat exchange are subjected to the heat exchange in a direct contact manner, and the two media can be the same or different, but are required to be easily separated. Compared with the traditional heat exchange mode, the direct contact heat exchange has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, small heat transfer temperature difference and difficult corrosion and scaling, thereby being widely applied to the fields of sea water desalination, geothermal power generation, medium-low temperature heat source recovery, wastewater treatment and the like.
In the existing solar thermal power station, molten salt is mostly used as a heat collecting and accumulating medium, steam power is combined for circulating power generation, a dividing wall type heat exchanger is adopted as a heat exchanging device, but the heat exchanging resistance is large, the heat exchanging efficiency is low, and the phenomena of corrosion and freezing blockage can occur when molten salt flows in a pipeline in a large range. How to solve the problem that the heat exchange efficiency is not high, and the potential safety hazard in the molten salt use process is avoided, is the current urgent problem to be solved in the solar thermal power generation technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention uses the characteristics of low vapor pressure of molten salt, wide use temperature range and the like, adopts a direct contact heat exchange mode of gas and molten salt to replace the traditional dividing wall type heat exchange, can improve the heat exchange efficiency, reduce the heat exchange temperature difference, and simultaneously uses gas as a working medium to avoid the phenomena of flow corrosion and freezing blockage of molten salt in a large range in a pipeline. The gas can be air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and the like, is easy to obtain and has no corrosiveness.
A direct contact heat exchange tower type solar thermal power station system is characterized in that: the system comprises a heliostat field, a heat absorber, a fused salt heat storage and release subsystem, a turbine, a generator, a preheater, a cooler and a compressor, wherein the fused salt heat storage and release subsystem comprises a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, a heat storage high-temperature salt pump, a heat release high-temperature salt pump, a heat storage low-temperature salt pump I, a heat release low-temperature salt pump, a high-temperature salt tank and a low-temperature salt tank, a medium-temperature Wen Yanguan, a heat storage medium-temperature salt pump, a heat storage low-temperature salt pump II and a medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger;
the preheater comprises a cold side inlet, a cold side outlet, a hot side inlet and a hot side outlet, the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger comprises a lower gas inlet, a lower fused salt opening, an upper gas outlet and an upper fused salt opening, the medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger comprises a lower gas inlet, a lower fused salt inlet, an upper gas outlet and an upper fused salt outlet, and the cooler comprises a cold side inlet, a cold side outlet, a hot side inlet and a hot side outlet;
the heliostat field is arranged on the ground around the heat absorber;
the compressor outlet is connected with the cold side inlet of the preheater, the cold side outlet of the preheater is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the gas inlet at the lower part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, the gas outlet at the upper part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the turbine inlet, the other path is connected with the gas inlet at the lower part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, the turbine is coaxially connected with the generator, the turbine outlet is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the gas inlet at the lower part of the medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, the other path is connected with the hot side inlet of the preheater, the gas outlet at the upper part of the medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger is connected with the hot side inlet of the cooler, and the hot side outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the compressor;
the high-temperature salt tank and the middle Wen Yanguan are respectively connected with a fused salt opening at the upper part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger through a heat storage high-temperature salt pump and a heat release high-temperature salt pump which are connected in parallel, the fused salt opening at the lower part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger is connected with a low-temperature salt tank through a heat storage low-temperature salt pump I and a heat release low-temperature salt pump which are connected in parallel, the low-temperature salt tank is also connected with a fused salt inlet at the lower part of the middle-temperature direct contact heat exchanger through a heat storage low-temperature salt pump II, and a fused salt outlet at the upper part of the middle-temperature direct contact heat exchanger is connected with the middle-temperature salt tank through a heat storage middle-temperature salt pump;
the high-temperature salt tank is connected with the first end of the high-temperature salt three-way valve, the second end of the high-temperature salt three-way valve is connected with the heat-release high-temperature salt pump through the heat-release high-temperature salt pump, the heat-release high-temperature salt pump is connected with the heat-release high-temperature salt pump in parallel and then is connected with the upper salt opening of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, the opening of the low-temperature salt tank is connected with the first end of the low-temperature salt three-way valve, the second end of the low-temperature salt three-way valve is connected with the heat-release low-temperature salt pump through the heat-release low-temperature salt pump, and the heat-release low-temperature salt pump I (6) is connected with the lower salt opening of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger after being connected with the heat-release low-temperature salt pump in parallel;
a main loop gas regulating valve I is arranged between a cold side outlet of the preheater and an inlet of the absorber, a main loop gas regulating valve II is arranged between the absorber outlet and the turbine, two paths of heat accumulating gas inlet valves are arranged between one path of gas inlet and the cold side outlet of the preheater, an exothermic gas inlet valve is arranged between the other path of gas inlet and the absorber outlet, two paths of gas outlet are arranged on the upper portion of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, an exothermic gas outlet valve is arranged between one path of gas inlet and the absorber inlet, a heat accumulating gas outlet valve is arranged between the other path of gas outlet and the turbine inlet, a heat returning gas regulating valve is arranged between the turbine outlet and the lower portion of the medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve is arranged between a high Wen Yanguan opening and a high-temperature molten salt three-way valve, and a medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve is arranged between the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve and a medium-temperature salt tank.
The working method of the direct contact heat exchange tower type solar thermal power station system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
when the solar energy is sufficient, a main loop gas regulating valve I, a heat release gas inlet valve, a main loop gas regulating valve II, a heat release gas outlet valve, a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve and a heat regeneration gas regulating valve are opened, a heat storage gas inlet valve, a heat storage gas outlet valve and a medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve are closed, a low-temperature molten salt tank, a heat storage low-temperature salt pump I and a molten salt opening passage at the lower part of a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger are communicated through a low-temperature molten salt three-way valve, a high-temperature molten salt opening at the upper part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, a heat storage high-temperature salt pump and a high-temperature salt tank passage are communicated through a high-temperature molten salt three-way valve and a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve, air at an outlet of a compressor enters a heat absorber to absorb heat after being preheated by a preheater, and high-temperature high-pressure gas at the outlet is divided into two passages, one path of the gas is directly contacted with low-temperature molten salt through a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger to transfer heat to the low-temperature molten salt, the gas after heat release is returned to a heat absorber to absorb heat, the heated high-temperature molten salt enters a high Wen Yanguan through a heat storage high-temperature salt pump, the other path of the gas enters a turbine to perform work and generate power, the gas after heat release and power generation is divided into two paths, one path of the gas enters a medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger to directly contact and store heat with the low-temperature molten salt pumped by a low Wen Yanguan through a heat storage low-temperature salt pump II, the gas after heat release enters a cooler to be cooled, the other path of the gas enters a hot side inlet of the preheater to preheat the gas at an outlet of a compressor and then enters the cooler to be cooled, the cooled gas enters a compressor to be compressed again, and the medium-temperature molten salt after heat storage enters a medium-temperature salt tank through a heat storage medium-temperature salt pump;
when solar energy is weak, but high-temperature high-pressure gas at the outlet of the heat absorber still can push the turbine to do work and generate electricity, the main loop gas regulating valve I, the main loop gas regulating valve II and the backheating gas regulating valve are opened, the exothermic gas inlet valve, the exothermic gas outlet valve, the regenerative gas inlet valve, the regenerative gas outlet valve, the high-temperature fused salt regulating valve and the low-temperature fused salt regulating valve are closed, the high-temperature fused salt three-way valve and the low-temperature fused salt three-way valve are closed, air at the outlet of the compressor is preheated by the preheater and then enters the heat absorber to absorb heat, the high-temperature high-pressure gas at the outlet enters the turbine to do work and generate electricity, the gas after heat release and work is divided into two paths, one path enters the medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, the gas after heat release is directly contacted with low-temperature fused salt pumped by the low Wen Yanguan through the heat storage low-temperature salt pump II and is cooled by the cooler, the other path enters the inlet of the preheater to preheat gas at the outlet of the compressor and then enters the cooler to be cooled, the cooled gas after the compressor is compressed, the cooled gas enters the compressor to be recompressed, and the medium-temperature fused salt after heat storage enters the medium-temperature salt tank through the heat storage medium-temperature salt pump;
when the solar energy is worse and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas at the outlet of the heat absorber is insufficient to push the turbine to do work and generate electricity, the main loop gas regulating valve I, the main loop gas regulating valve II, the heat storage gas inlet valve, the heat storage gas outlet valve and the medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve are opened, the exothermic gas inlet valve, the exothermic gas outlet valve, the high-temperature molten salt regulating valve and the backheating gas regulating valve are closed, the medium Wen Yanguan, the exothermic high-temperature salt pump and the high-temperature molten salt opening passage at the upper part of the direct contact heat exchanger are communicated through the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve and the medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve, the method comprises the steps that a low-temperature molten salt three-way valve is connected with a molten salt opening at the lower part of a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, a heat release low-temperature salt pump and a low-temperature salt tank passage, air at the outlet of a compressor is preheated by a preheater and then is divided into two paths, one path of air enters a heat absorber to absorb heat, the other path of air is directly contacted with medium-temperature molten salt through the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger to absorb heat, the absorbed gas enters a turbine to do work for power generation, the heat release is performed, the gas enters a hot side inlet of the preheater to preheat the gas at the outlet of the compressor, the cooled gas enters a cooler to be cooled, the cooled gas enters the compressor to be compressed again, and the low-temperature molten salt enters the low-temperature salt tank through the heat release low-temperature salt pump;
when no solar energy exists, a main loop gas regulating valve I, a main loop gas regulating valve II, a heat release gas inlet valve, a heat release gas outlet valve, a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve, a medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve and a heat release gas regulating valve are closed, a heat storage gas inlet valve and a heat storage gas outlet valve are opened, a high-temperature salt tank, a heat release high-temperature salt pump and a molten salt opening passageway at the upper part of a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger are communicated through the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve, a molten salt opening at the lower part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, a heat release low-temperature salt pump and a low-temperature salt tank passageway are communicated through a low-temperature molten salt three-way valve, air at an outlet of a compressor is preheated by a preheater and then directly contacted with hot molten salt through the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger, heat absorbed gas enters a turbine to do work and generate electricity, heat is released to enter a hot side inlet of the preheater to preheat gas at an outlet of the compressor and then enters a cooler to be cooled, the cooled gas enters the compressor to be compressed again, and the low-temperature molten salt after heat release enters the low-temperature salt tank through heat release low-temperature molten salt.
According to the invention, four working modes are set according to different solar conditions, when the solar energy is sufficient, the solar energy is utilized to generate electricity, and meanwhile, the redundant heat is stored by using molten salt, and the waste heat of the turbine outlet gas is recovered; when the solar energy is slightly weak, only the solar energy is used for generating electricity, and the waste heat of the turbine outlet gas is recovered; when the solar energy is poor, the solar energy and the medium-temperature molten salt are adopted to simultaneously push the turbine to do work for power generation; in the absence of solar energy, the heat stored in the molten salt is released to generate electricity. The system can realize continuous and stable operation under different solar energy intensity conditions, reduces impact on a power grid, provides stable high-quality electric energy, and simultaneously adopts a two-stage heat storage subsystem, so that the effective utilization rate of heat is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a tower solar thermal power plant with direct contact heat exchange of gas and molten salt;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a direct contact heat exchanger;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the system operation when the solar energy is sufficient;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the system operation when solar energy is slightly weak;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the system operation when solar energy is poor;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the system when there is no solar energy;
reference numerals in the figures: 1-heliostat field; 2-a heat absorber; 3-high temperature direct contact heat exchanger; 4-a heat storage high-temperature salt pump; 5-exothermic high temperature salt pump; 6-a heat storage low-temperature salt pump I; 7-exothermic cryopump; 8-a high-temperature salt tank; 9-low Wen Yanguan; 10-middle Wen Yanguan; 11-a heat storage medium temperature salt pump; 12-a heat storage low-temperature salt pump II; 13-medium temperature direct contact heat exchanger; 14-turbine; 15-an electric generator; 16-a preheater; 17-a cooler; 18-a compressor; 191-a main loop gas regulating valve I; 192-exothermic gas inlet valve; 193—main circuit gas regulator valve ii; 194-exothermic gas outlet valve; 195-a regenerative gas outlet valve; 196-a regenerative gas inlet valve; 197-high-temperature molten salt regulating valve; 198-a medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve; 199—backheating gas regulating valve; 201-a high-temperature molten salt three-way valve; 202-a low-temperature molten salt three-way valve; 2-1-gas outlet; 2-2-foam traps; 2-3-liquid inlet; 2-4-filler; 2-5-supporting grid plates; 2-6-gas inlet; 2-7-liquid outlet.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a direct contact heat exchange tower type solar thermal power station according to the present invention, and the operation of the system will be described with reference to fig. 1.
When the solar energy is sufficient, a main loop gas regulating valve I191, a heat release gas inlet valve 192, a main loop gas regulating valve II 193, a heat release gas outlet valve 194, a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve 197 and a heat return gas regulating valve 199 are opened, a heat storage gas inlet valve 196, a heat storage gas outlet valve 195 and a medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve 198 are closed, a low-temperature salt tank 9, a heat storage low-temperature salt pump I6 and a molten salt opening passage at the lower part of a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 3 are communicated through a low-temperature molten salt three-way valve 202, a high-temperature molten salt opening at the upper part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 3, a heat storage high-temperature salt pump 4 and a high-Wen Yanguan 8 passage are communicated through a high-temperature molten salt three-way valve 201 and the high-temperature molten salt regulating valve 197, after the air at the outlet of a compressor 18 is preheated by a preheater 16, the air enters a heat absorber 2 to absorb heat, the high-temperature high-pressure gas at the outlet is divided into two passages, one path of the gas is directly contacted with low-temperature molten salt through a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 3 to transfer heat to the low-temperature molten salt, the exothermic gas is returned to the heat absorber 2 to absorb heat, the heated high-temperature molten salt enters a high Wen Yanguan 8 through a heat storage high-temperature salt pump 4, the other path of the gas enters a turbine 14 to perform work and power generation, the exothermic gas is divided into two paths, one path of the gas enters a medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 13 to be directly contacted with the low-temperature molten salt pumped by a heat storage low-temperature salt pump II 12 for heat storage, the exothermic gas enters a cooler 17 for cooling, the other path of the gas enters a hot side inlet of a preheater 16 to preheat the gas at the outlet of a compressor 18 and then enters the cooler 17 for cooling, the cooled gas enters a compressor 18 for recompression, and the stored medium-temperature molten salt enters a medium-temperature salt tank 10 through a heat storage medium-temperature salt pump 11;
when solar energy is weak, but high-temperature high-pressure gas at the outlet of the heat absorber 2 still can push the turbine 14 to do work and generate power, the main loop gas regulating valve I191, the main loop gas regulating valve II 193 and the backheating gas regulating valve 199 are opened, the exothermic gas inlet valve 192, the exothermic gas outlet valve 194, the thermal storage gas inlet valve 196, the thermal storage gas outlet valve 195, the high-temperature molten salt regulating valve 197 and the medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve 198 are closed, the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve 201 and the low-temperature molten salt three-way valve 202 are closed, air at the outlet of the compressor 18 is preheated by the preheater 16 and then enters the heat absorber 2 to absorb heat, the high-temperature high-pressure gas at the outlet enters the turbine 14 to do work and generate power, the gas after heat release and work is separated into two paths, one path enters the medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 13, the gas after heat release enters the cooler 17 to be cooled by the low-temperature molten salt pumped by the low-temperature salt tank 9 through the thermal storage low-temperature salt pump II 12, the other path enters the cooler 17 to cool after the gas after the heat release enters the preheater 16 to preheat gas at the outlet of the compressor 18, and then enters the cooler 17 to be compressed again, the cooled gas after the cooled, and enters the compressor 18 to be compressed again, the medium-temperature after the cooled gas enters the medium-temperature salt tank 11 through the medium-temperature salt pump 11 after heat storage;
when solar energy is poor, high-temperature and high-pressure gas at the outlet of the heat absorber 2 is insufficient to push the turbine 14 to do work and generate power, a main loop gas regulating valve I191, a main loop gas regulating valve II 193, a heat storage gas inlet valve 196, a heat storage gas outlet valve 195 and a medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve 198 are opened, a heat release gas inlet valve 192, a heat release gas outlet valve 194, a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve 197 and a heat release gas regulating valve 199 are closed, a medium Wen Yanguan is communicated through a high-temperature molten salt three-way valve 201 and the medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve 198, a heat release high-temperature salt pump 5 and a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 3 upper molten salt opening passage are communicated through a low-temperature molten salt three-way valve 202, a heat release low-temperature salt pump 7 and a low-temperature salt tank 9 passage are communicated, air at the outlet of the compressor 18 is preheated by the preheater 16 and then enters the two passages, one passage enters the heat absorber 2, the other passage is directly contacted with the medium-temperature molten salt through the heat absorber 3, the heat release gas enters the heat absorber 14 to do work and generate power, the heat is done by the heat, and enters the preheater 18 side inlet of the preheater 18 after doing work, the work is cooled by the low-temperature molten salt pump 18, and enters the low-temperature salt pump 7 after the low-temperature salt pump is cooled by cooling the low-temperature salt pump 9;
when no solar energy exists, the main loop gas regulating valve I191, the main loop gas regulating valve II 193, the exothermic gas inlet valve 192, the exothermic gas outlet valve 194, the high-temperature molten salt regulating valve 197, the medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve 198 and the regenerative gas regulating valve 199 are closed, the regenerative gas inlet valve 196 and the regenerative gas outlet valve 195 are opened, the high-temperature salt tank 8, the exothermic high-temperature salt pump 5 and the upper molten salt opening passage of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 3 are communicated through the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve 201 and the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 197, the lower molten salt opening of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 3, the exothermic low-temperature salt pump 7 and the passage of the low-temperature salt tank 9 are communicated through the low-temperature molten salt three-way valve 202, air at the outlet of the compressor 18 is preheated by the preheater 16 and then directly contacted with the hot molten salt through the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger 3, the gas after heat absorption enters the turbine 14 to do power generation, the gas after heat absorption enters the preheater 16 after heat release and enters the hot side inlet of the preheater 16 to preheat the molten salt outlet gas of the compressor 17 for cooling, the cooled gas enters the compressor 18 for recompression, and the low-temperature molten salt after heat release enters the low-temperature salt tank 9 through the exothermic low-temperature salt 7.
Claims (2)
1. A direct contact heat exchange tower type solar thermal power station system is characterized in that: the system comprises a heliostat field (1), a heat absorber (2), a fused salt heat storage and release subsystem, a turbine (14), a generator (15), a preheater (16), a cooler (17) and a compressor (18), wherein the fused salt heat storage and release subsystem comprises a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3), a heat storage high-temperature salt pump (4), a heat release high-temperature salt pump (5), a heat storage low-temperature salt pump I (6), a heat release low-temperature salt pump (7), a high Wen Yanguan (8), a low Wen Yanguan (9), a medium Wen Yanguan (10), a heat storage medium-temperature salt pump (11), a heat storage low-temperature salt pump II (12) and a medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (13);
the preheater (16) comprises a cold side inlet, a cold side outlet, a hot side inlet and a hot side outlet, the high temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) comprises a lower gas inlet, a lower molten salt opening, an upper gas outlet and an upper molten salt opening, the medium temperature direct contact heat exchanger (13) comprises a lower gas inlet, a lower molten salt inlet, an upper gas outlet and an upper molten salt outlet, and the cooler (17) comprises a cold side inlet, a cold side outlet, a hot side inlet and a hot side outlet;
the heliostat field (1) is arranged on the ground around the heat absorber (2);
the outlet of the compressor (18) is connected with the cold side inlet of the preheater (16), the cold side outlet of the preheater (16) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the gas inlet at the lower part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3), the gas outlet at the upper part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the turbine (14), the other path is connected with the inlet of the heat absorber (2), the outlet of the heat absorber (2) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the turbine (14), the other path is connected with the gas inlet at the lower part of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3), the outlet of the turbine (14) is divided into two paths, the other path is connected with the gas inlet at the lower part of the middle-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (13), the gas outlet at the upper part of the middle-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (13) is connected with the hot side inlet of the cooler (17), the outlet at the hot side of the preheater (16) is connected with the hot side inlet of the cooler (17), and the outlet at the hot side of the cooler (17) is connected with the inlet of the compressor (18);
the high-temperature salt tank (8) and the low Wen Yanguan (10) are respectively connected with an upper molten salt opening of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) through a heat storage high-temperature salt pump (4) and a heat release high-temperature salt pump (5) which are connected in parallel, the lower molten salt opening of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) is connected with the low Wen Yanguan (9) through a heat storage low-temperature salt pump I (6) and a heat release low-temperature salt pump (7) which are connected in parallel, the low Wen Yanguan (9) is also connected with a lower molten salt inlet of the medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (13) through a heat storage low-temperature salt pump II (12), and a molten salt outlet at the upper part of the medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (13) is connected with the medium Wen Yanguan (10) through a heat storage medium-temperature salt pump (11);
the high-temperature salt tank (8) is connected with a first end of the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve (201), a second end of the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve (201) is connected with a first end of the low-temperature molten salt three-way valve (202), a second end of the low-temperature molten salt three-way valve (202) is connected with a second end of the low-temperature molten salt three-way valve (6) through a heat-releasing low-temperature salt pump (7), a third end of the low-temperature molten salt three-way valve (202) is connected with a lower molten salt opening of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) after the heat-releasing high-temperature salt pump (5) is connected with the heat-releasing high-temperature salt pump (4) in parallel, and a third end of the low-temperature molten salt three-way valve (202) is connected with the heat-releasing low-temperature salt pump (7) through a heat-releasing low-temperature salt pump (7);
the main loop gas regulating valve I (191) is arranged between the cold side outlet of the preheater (16) and the inlet of the heat absorber (2), the main loop gas regulating valve II (193) is arranged between the outlet of the heat absorber (2) and the inlet of the turbine (14), the lower gas inlet of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) is provided with two paths, the heat accumulating gas inlet valve (196) is arranged between one path of the heat accumulating gas inlet valve and the cold side outlet of the preheater (16), the heat releasing gas inlet valve (192) is arranged between the other path of the heat accumulating gas inlet valve and the outlet of the heat absorber (2), the heat releasing gas outlet valve (194) is arranged between the other path of the heat accumulating gas outlet valve and the inlet of the turbine (14), the heat accumulating gas regulating valve (199) is arranged between the outlet of the turbine (14) and the lower gas inlet of the middle temperature direct contact heat exchanger (13), the high-temperature molten salt regulating valve (197) is arranged between the opening of the high Wen Yanguan (8) and the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve (201), and the middle temperature regulating valve (198) is also arranged between the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve (201) and the middle temperature molten salt regulating valve (Wen Yanguan).
2. The method of operating a direct contact heat transfer tower solar thermal power plant system of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
when the solar energy is sufficient, a main loop gas regulating valve I (191), a heat release gas inlet valve (192), a main loop gas regulating valve II (193), a heat release gas outlet valve (194), a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve (197) and a heat regeneration gas regulating valve (199) are opened, a heat storage gas inlet valve (196), a heat storage gas outlet valve (195) and a medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve (198) are closed, a low Wen Yanguan (9), a heat storage low-temperature salt pump I (6) and a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) lower molten salt opening passage are communicated through a low-temperature molten salt three-way valve (202), a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) upper molten salt opening, a heat storage high-temperature salt pump (4) and a high-temperature salt tank (8) passage are communicated through a high-temperature molten salt three-way valve (201) and a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve (197), air at the outlet of the compressor (18) is preheated by the preheater (16) and enters the heat absorber (2) to absorb heat, high-temperature high-pressure gas at the outlet is divided into two paths, one path is directly contacted with low-temperature molten salt through the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) to transfer heat to the low-temperature molten salt, the gas after heat release is returned to the heat absorber (2) to absorb heat, the heated high-temperature molten salt enters the high Wen Yanguan (8) through the heat storage high-temperature salt pump (4), the other path enters the turbine (14) to do work to generate electricity, the gas after heat release to do work is divided into two paths, one path enters the medium-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (13), the gas is directly contacted with low-temperature molten salt pumped by a low Wen Yanguan (9) through a heat accumulating low-temperature salt pump II (12) for heat accumulation, the gas after heat release enters a cooler (17) for cooling, the gas enters a hot side inlet of a preheater (16) for preheating the gas at an outlet of a compressor (18), then enters the cooler (17) for cooling, the cooled gas enters the compressor (18) for recompression, and the heat accumulating medium-temperature molten salt enters a medium-temperature salt tank (10) through a heat accumulating medium-temperature salt pump (11);
when solar energy is slightly weaker, but high-temperature high-pressure gas at the outlet of the heat absorber (2) can still push the turbine (14) to do work and generate power, a main loop gas regulating valve I (191), a main loop gas regulating valve II (193) and a backheating gas regulating valve (199) are opened, a heat release gas inlet valve (192), a heat release gas outlet valve (194), a heat storage gas inlet valve (196), a heat storage gas outlet valve (195), a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve (197) and a middle-temperature molten salt regulating valve (198) are closed, a high-temperature molten salt three-way valve (201) and a low-temperature molten salt three-way valve (202) are closed, air at the outlet of the compressor (18) is preheated by the preheater (16) and then enters the heat absorber (2) to absorb heat and generate power, gas at the outlet enters the turbine (14) to do work, the gas at the middle temperature after heat release and doing work is divided into two paths, one path enters the middle-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (13) and is directly contacted with low Wen Yanguan (9) through low-temperature molten salt pumped by the heat storage low-temperature salt pump II (12), the discharged gas enters the cooler (17) to be cooled, and the other path of the air enters the preheater (16) to the inlet side of the preheater (18) and enters the heat absorber (18) to be compressed by the heat storage pump (11) and then enters the heat storage pump (11) to cool the compressed salt;
when solar energy is poor, high-temperature and high-pressure gas at the outlet of the heat absorber (2) is insufficient to push the turbine (14) to do work and generate power, a main loop gas regulating valve I (191), a main loop gas regulating valve II (193), a heat accumulating gas inlet valve (196), a heat accumulating gas outlet valve (195) and a medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve (198) are opened, a heat releasing gas inlet valve (192), a heat releasing gas outlet valve (194), a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve (197) and a heat returning gas regulating valve (199) are closed, a medium Wen Yanguan (10), a heat releasing high-temperature salt pump (5) and a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) are connected through the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve (202), a heat releasing low-temperature salt pump (7) and a low-Wen Yanguan (9) are connected through the low-temperature molten salt three-way valve (202), air at the outlet of the compressor (18) is preheated by the preheater (16) and then enters the turbine (2), and the other path is directly contacted with the heat absorber (3) through the high-temperature molten salt three-way valve (201) and the medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve (198), the heat releasing high-temperature salt pump and the high-temperature molten salt pump (5) directly contacts the upper molten salt opening of the heat exchanger (3), the low-temperature molten salt opening of the heat accumulating gas is cooled by the low-temperature molten salt regulating valve (18), the low-temperature molten salt pump (18) is cooled down, the heat absorber air is compressed by the low-temperature molten salt air (18) and the heat absorber is cooled down after the heat absorber is cooled, the exothermic low-temperature molten salt enters a low-temperature salt tank (9) through an exothermic low-temperature salt pump (7);
when no solar energy exists, a main loop gas regulating valve I (191), a main loop gas regulating valve II (193), a heat release gas inlet valve (192), a heat release gas outlet valve (194), a high-temperature molten salt regulating valve (197), a medium-temperature molten salt regulating valve (198) and a regenerative gas regulating valve (199) are closed, a heat storage gas inlet valve (196) and a heat storage gas outlet valve (195) are opened, a high-temperature salt tank (8) is connected through a high-temperature molten salt three-way valve (201) and the high-temperature molten salt regulating valve (197), a heat release high-temperature salt pump (5) and a high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3) are connected through a high-temperature molten salt opening passage, a low-temperature molten salt three-way valve (202) is connected with a lower molten salt opening of the high-temperature direct contact heat exchanger (3), heat release low-temperature salt pump (7) and a low-temperature Wen Yanguan (9) passage, air at an outlet of a compressor (18) is preheated by the preheater (16) and then directly contacted with the hot molten salt, the heat release gas enters a turbine to generate electricity after heat, the heat is done by the heat release gas enters a turbine heat release device after doing work, the heat is done, the preheated gas enters a preheater (16) and the inlet of the compressor (18) and the compressor (18) after the heat release high-temperature salt is cooled by the low-temperature pump (17) and enters the low-temperature salt pump (9) after the heat pump (9).
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| CN107764119B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2024-04-05 | 江苏中科智储科技有限公司 | Heat storage device for heat exchange by contact between gas and molten salt |
| CN108843417A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-20 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | The co-generation unit of complete thermoelectricity decoupling based on supercritical carbon dioxide circulation |
| CN109578230A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-05 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of 700 DEG C of grade CO of Power island high position arrangement2Efficient solar-thermal generating system |
| CN110307656B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-07-14 | 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 | Combined type fused salt heat absorber |
| CN110242362B (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2023-12-01 | 东莞理工学院 | Supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle work system |
| CN111249903A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-09 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Boiler SCR denitration device coupling solar energy and molten salt and using method |
| US10788021B1 (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-09-29 | King Saud University | Particle-to-working fluid heat exchanger and solar power generator using the same |
| CN113217939B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-10-25 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Tower type solar system for improving air inlet temperature and fuel heat value of garbage power station |
| CN114484892B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-08-25 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System for be used for solar power plant to shut down heat accumulation and heat conversion |
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| CN102032824A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-04-27 | 东莞理工学院 | High-temperature molten salt single-tank thermal energy storage device with movable separation plate and use method thereof |
| JP2014092086A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Solar heat power plant, and solar heat storage and radiation apparatus |
| KR101452412B1 (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-10-23 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Solar thermal power generation system using single hot molten salt tank |
| CN206785574U (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-12-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Direct contact heat transfer tower type solar energy thermal power generation station system |
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