CN113054526A - Buffer gas sideband suppression single-peak atom optical filter - Google Patents

Buffer gas sideband suppression single-peak atom optical filter Download PDF

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CN113054526A
CN113054526A CN202110265908.5A CN202110265908A CN113054526A CN 113054526 A CN113054526 A CN 113054526A CN 202110265908 A CN202110265908 A CN 202110265908A CN 113054526 A CN113054526 A CN 113054526A
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permanent magnet
rubidium atom
steam chamber
atom steam
tylar
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毕岗
刘海霞
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Zhejiang University City College ZUCC
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Zhejiang University City College ZUCC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/005—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S5/0092—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping for nonlinear frequency conversion, e.g. second harmonic generation [SHG] or sum- or difference-frequency generation outside the laser cavity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/005—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S5/0078—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping for frequency filtering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
    • H01S5/026—Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers
    • H01S5/0261—Non-optical elements, e.g. laser driver components, heaters

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  • Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a buffer gas sideband suppressed unimodal atomic filter, comprising: the device comprises an external cavity semiconductor laser, a Glan-Tylar prism A, Glan-Tylar prism B, a rubidium atom vapor chamber, a temperature controller, a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a photoelectric detector; a Glan-Tylar prism A is arranged on a light path of the external cavity semiconductor laser, a magnetic shielding box is arranged behind the Glan-Tylar prism A, a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a rubidium atom steam chamber are arranged inside the magnetic shielding box, and a thermistor is wrapped on the rubidium atom steam chamber. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the atomic gas chamber is filled with buffer gas, a single-peak transmission spectral line is obtained after the light intensity of an incident signal reaches a certain value, the higher the buffer air pressure is, the better the sideband suppression effect is, and the transmittance of the atomic gas chamber is slightly reduced due to the fact that the absorptivity of the frequency position of a central transmission peak is slightly increased when the buffer air pressure is too high.

Description

Buffer gas sideband suppression single-peak atom optical filter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectrons, and particularly relates to a buffer gas sideband suppression unimodal atomic optical filter.
Background
For most optical signal receiving systems, the most important task is to filter out the target optical signal from the background optical noise, which can be achieved by using an optical filter at the receiving end of the system, the conventional widely used optical filter is an interference filter, which is based on the principle of multi-beam interference to filter out the signal optical band required by the system at the exit end of the optical filter, but the general interference filter has a wider passband width of 10nm, and the transmission bandwidth is still wider for the extraction of the laser signal, and still cannot completely remove the background optical noise.
The atomic filter is an ultra-narrow band filter based on the resonance transition characteristic of atoms and photons, can realize a transmission bandwidth which is narrower than that of an interference filter by multiple orders of magnitude and is about
Figure BDA0002972305530000011
The magnitude is that the signal light in a certain frequency range and the working atoms in the optical filter generate resonance interaction, the resonance interaction enables the signal light to generate certain change and pass through the optical filter system, and the light with other frequencies which can not generate resonance interaction with the signal light is blocked, so that the designed atomic optical filter not only has obvious ultra-narrow bandwidth, but also has excellent performances of high transmissivity, high time responsivity, high out-of-band rejection ratio, large field angle and the like, and the characteristics enable the atomic optical filter to be widely applied to the fields of free space optical communication, underwater optical communication, deep space optical communication, remote sensing, laser radar and the like.
In recent years, with the rapid development of quantum technology, atomic filters have attracted more researchers' attention, and many emerging research fields have appeared, such as: the atomic filter has been commonly used for filtering out required signal light from various extremely narrow frequency ranges, and for some specific important applications, such as faraday laser, active optical frequency standard, frequency stabilization, etc., the required incident light power is stronger and is much stronger than the saturation light intensity value of the optical filter working energy level transition, and the stronger incident signal can have a great influence on the linearity of the optical filter transmission line, especially when the multi-peak structure existing in the transmission line can introduce unnecessary stray light noise to have an adverse effect on the practical effect of the application.
For the research on the complex multi-peak structure in the transmission line, a convenient and effective atomic line calculation tool ElecSus is available to assist in designing the working parameters of the optical filter, and in addition, other methods for eliminating the multi-peak structure have been reported, for example, a filter configuration similar to the VADOF type is adopted, and the transmission line is particularly sensitive to the included angle, so that certain instability is brought to the application because the transmission line forms a specific included angle with the direction of the magnetic field to eliminate the multi-peak structure. However, most of the atomic gas chambers in the existing atomic optical filter do not contain buffer gas, the sideband transmissivity of the transmission spectral line of the optical filter is continuously increased along with the enhancement of an incident signal, the transmission bandwidth of the whole spectral line is also continuously widened, and the transmission line type is also complicated in multiple peaks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a buffer gas sideband suppressed unimodal atomic optical filter.
The buffer gas sideband suppressed single-peak atomic filter comprises: the device comprises an external cavity semiconductor laser, a Glan-Tylar prism A, Glan-Tylar prism B, a rubidium atom vapor chamber, a temperature controller, a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a photoelectric detector; a Glan-Tylar prism A is arranged on the light path of the external cavity semiconductor laser, a magnetic shielding box is arranged behind the Glan-Tylar prism A, a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a rubidium atom steam chamber are arranged inside the magnetic shielding box, and a thermistor is wrapped on the rubidium atom steam chamber; the first permanent magnet is positioned on the light path of the Glan-Tylar prism A, the rubidium atom vapor chamber is arranged in an axial static magnetic field generated between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the rubidium atom vapor chamber is positioned on the light path of the Glan-Tylar prism A; a Glan-Tylar prism B is arranged behind the second permanent magnet, and a photoelectric detector is arranged on the light path of the Glan-Tylar prism B; a temperature controller is fixed on the rubidium atom steam chamber and is electrically connected with a thermistor wrapped on the rubidium atom steam chamber through a wire (the bubble wall of the rubidium atom steam chamber is contacted with the NTC thermistor); the axial static magnetic field direction between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is parallel to the filtering direction of the rubidium atom steam chamber C; the middle parts of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet can transmit light, and the polarities of the magnets of two faces, which are opposite to each other, of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are opposite (for example, the magnetic north pole N of the first permanent magnet and the magnetic south pole S of the second permanent magnet are opposite to each other); buffer gas is filled in the rubidium atom steam chamber, and both ends of the rubidium atom steam chamber, which are close to the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, can transmit light; the polarization directions of the Glan-Tylar prism A and the Glan-Tylar prism B are perpendicular to each other.
Preferably, the external cavity semiconductor laser is an external cavity semiconductor laser having a wavelength of 780 nm.
Preferably, the rubidium atom vapor chamber is divided into a first rubidium atom vapor chamber, a second rubidium atom vapor chamber and a third rubidium atom vapor chamber in sequence from left to right.
Preferably, the first rubidium atom steam chamber, the second rubidium atom steam chamber and the third rubidium atom steam chamber are all made of quartz glass; the specifications of the first rubidium atom steam chamber, the second rubidium atom steam chamber and the third rubidium atom steam chamber are as follows: the body diameter is 15mm, the body length is 50mm, the body wall thickness is 1.5mm, and the length of the condensation end is 20 mm; the first rubidium atom steam chamber, the second rubidium atom steam chamber and the third rubidium atom steam chamber are filled with the same amount of rubidium87An Rb element; the gas filled in the first rubidium atom steam chamber, the second rubidium atom steam chamber and the third rubidium atom steam chamber is 0torr, 5torr and 25torr respectively.
Preferably, the buffer gas in the rubidium atom vapor chamber is Ar and N2The mixed gas of (1).
Preferably, Ar and N in the buffer gas2The mixing ratio of (1): 1.5.
preferably, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are annular permanent magnets; the temperature controller is provided with a polyimide heating sheet, and the polyimide heating sheet is used for heating the bubble wall of the rubidium atom steam chamber; the temperature controller is also internally provided with a voltage reduction power supply module.
The working method of the buffer gas sideband suppression single-peak atom optical filter specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, 780nm laser generated by an external cavity semiconductor laser passes through a Glan-Tylar prism A, a first permanent magnet, a rubidium atom vapor chamber, a second permanent magnet and a Glan-Tylar prism B in sequence and is finally received by a photoelectric detector; the rubidium atom vapor chamber receives 780nm laser emitted by the 780nm external cavity semiconductor laser, and rotates the polarization plane of an incident signal to a certain degree through the Faraday optical rotation effect of atoms and photons near a resonance energy level;
step 2, adjusting the temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber through a temperature controller:
step 2.1, heating the bubble wall of the rubidium atom steam chamber by a temperature controller through a polyimide heating sheet, and carrying out real-time monitoring on the temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber by contacting an NTC thermistor with the bubble wall of the rubidium atom steam chamber; the resistance value change feedback of the NTC thermistor is converted into a temperature value and sent to a temperature controller;
step 2.2, comparing the actual temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber with the temperature set value of the temperature controller: when the actual temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber is lower than the temperature set value of the temperature controller, an output signal of the temperature controller starts a voltage reduction power supply module inside the temperature controller, the output voltage of the voltage reduction power supply module drives a polyimide heating sheet, and the polyimide heating sheet heats the rubidium atom steam chamber; when the actual temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber is higher than the set value of the temperature controller, the temperature controller outputs a signal to stop the work of a voltage reduction power supply module in the temperature controller, and the temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber is recovered to the set value of the temperature controller; wherein the temperature controller provides PID feedback regulation;
step 3, adjusting the position of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet to adjust the size of an axial static magnetic field generated between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and increasing the polarization rotation angle of the signal light between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet until the polarization rotation angle of the signal light is close to 90 degrees;
and 4, replacing the first rubidium atom vapor chamber, the second rubidium atom vapor chamber and the third rubidium atom vapor chamber, returning to execute the step 1 to the step 3, wherein energy level splitting caused by the Zeeman effect causes transition of atoms between energy levels, and through researching each parameter of the Faraday magneto-optical rotation effect and the amount of buffer gas filled in the rubidium atom vapor chamber, different transmittance and linear transmission lines corresponding to different buffer gases are obtained, and all the transmission lines are compared to obtain the optimal transmission line of the single-peak atom optical filter.
Preferably, in the step 1, the size and the direction of an axial static magnetic field formed between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are adjusted by adjusting the positions of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and the direction of the axial static magnetic field is the atomic filtering direction; the magnitude of the axial static magnetic field is 0-220 Gs.
Preferably, the temperature controller in the step 1 has a temperature control range of 0-210 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the atomic gas chamber is filled with buffer gas, the sidebands of the obtained transmission spectral line are inhibited along with the enhancement of the light intensity of an incident signal, the transmissivity of the sidebands is lower and lower until the sidebands disappear, the central transmission peak is not influenced by the buffer gas, the bandwidth of the whole transmission peak is narrower and narrower, after the light intensity of the incident signal reaches a certain value, a single-peak transmission spectral line is obtained, the higher the buffer gas pressure is, the better the sideband inhibition effect is, and the transmissivity of the single-peak transmission spectral line is slightly reduced due to the slight increase of the absorptivity of the frequency position of the central transmission peak when the buffer gas pressure is too high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental scheme of a buffer gas sideband suppression unimodal atomic filter;
FIG. 2 is a transmission spectrum plot of 87Rb 780nm FADOF at different temperatures and different buffer gas contents.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises an external cavity semiconductor laser 1, a Glan-Tylar prism A2, a Glan-Tylar prism B3, a photoelectric detector 4, a rubidium atom vapor chamber 5, a temperature controller 6, a first permanent magnet 7, a second permanent magnet 8, a magnetic shielding box 9 and a wire 10.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the principle of the invention, and these modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
From the angle of optical pumping, when the atom air chamber does not contain buffer gas, the layout relaxation effect of the working lower energy level is very obvious, the effect always enables atoms to tend to be uniformly distributed on each hyperfine energy level of the ground state, when the atom air chamber is filled with the buffer gas, the buffer gas greatly increases the relaxation time, the relaxation effect is weakened, the pumping effect is very obvious, the atomic layout number of the working lower energy level of the optical filter is changed by the pumping effect, the difference of the refractive index of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light is changed along with the change of the refractive index, and the optical rotation effect is changed accordingly, so that the transmissivity of the atomic optical filter is changed; as can be seen from the above, when the atomic gas cell is filled with the buffer gas, the absorption line profile of the atoms is significantly changed, and therefore, the present invention starts to study the influence of the amount of the buffer gas in the atomic gas cell on the transmission line profile, so as to obtain the optimal operating condition of the atomic filter.
The present invention provides a single peak atomic optical filter that employs buffer gas sideband suppression to eliminate multi-peak structures. Under the condition of a certain working magnetic field, the rubidium atom vapor chamber filled with different buffer gases is changed to obtain the filtering spectral lines of different atom filters; for the experimental group without buffer gas, the transmission line shows a complex multi-peak structure along with the increase of temperature, the transmittance at the side band position is increased, and the bandwidth of the transmission line is widened. For the experimental group filled with the buffer gas, the sideband transmission peak of the transmission line is continuously suppressed with the increase of the temperature, the suppression effect is better with the higher temperature, the transmission peak at the central frequency is continuously increased with the increase of the temperature, and when the buffer gas pressure is too high, the transmission peak at the central frequency is slightly reduced due to the increase of the absorptivity.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a buffer gas sideband suppressed single peak atomic optical filter, comprising: the device comprises an external cavity semiconductor laser 1, a Glan-Tylar prism A2, a Glan-Tylar prism B3, a rubidium atom vapor chamber 5, a temperature controller 6, a first permanent magnet 7, a second permanent magnet 8 and a photoelectric detector 4; a Glan-Tylar prism A2 is arranged on a light path of the external cavity semiconductor laser 1, a magnetic shielding box 9 is arranged behind the Glan-Tylar prism A2, a first permanent magnet 7, a second permanent magnet 8 and a rubidium atom steam chamber 5 are arranged inside the magnetic shielding box 9, and a thermistor is wrapped on the rubidium atom steam chamber 5; the first permanent magnet 7 is positioned on the light path of the Glan-Tylar prism A2, the rubidium atom vapor chamber 5 is arranged in an axial static magnetic field generated between the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8, and the rubidium atom vapor chamber 5 is positioned on the light path of the Glan-Tylar prism A2; a Glan-Tylar prism B3 is arranged behind the second permanent magnet 8, and a photoelectric detector 4 is arranged on the light path of the Glan-Tylar prism B3; a temperature controller 6 is fixed on the rubidium atom steam chamber 5, and the temperature controller 6 is electrically connected with a thermistor wrapped on the rubidium atom steam chamber 5 through a wire 10 (the bubble wall of the rubidium atom steam chamber 5 is contacted with the NTC thermistor); the axial static magnetic field direction between the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8 is parallel to the filtering direction of the rubidium atom steam chamber C; the middle parts of the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8 can transmit light, and the polarities of the magnets of the two faces, which are opposite to each other, of the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8 are opposite (for example, the magnetic north pole N of the first permanent magnet and the magnetic south pole S of the second permanent magnet are opposite to each other); the rubidium atom steam chamber 5 is filled with buffer gas, and both ends of the rubidium atom steam chamber 5, which are close to the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8, can transmit light; the polarization directions of the Glan-Tylar prism A2 and the Glan-Tylar prism B3 are perpendicular to each other.
Example 2:
a working method of a buffer gas sideband suppression unimodal atomic optical filter specifically comprises the following steps:
in 780nm optical band, atoms and photons generate resonance absorption action in a magnetic field based on the light propagation direction, so that light filtering is realized through atomic energy level transition, different light filtering effects are presented according to the amount of buffer gas in different rubidium atom vapor chambers, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) an external cavity semiconductor laser 1 for generating 780nm laser, a Glan-Tylar prism A2, a magnetic shielding box 9, a Glan-Tylar prism B3 and a photoelectric detector 4 are sequentially arranged in an optical path of the optical filter, wherein a rubidium atom vapor chamber 5 is arranged between a first permanent magnet 7 and a second permanent magnet 8 in the magnetic shielding box 9, and light can be transmitted between the two permanent magnets; the polarization directions of the Glan-Tylar prism A2 and the Glan-Tylar prism B3 are perpendicular and orthogonal to each other; a temperature controller 6 is fixed on the rubidium atom steam chamber 5 and is connected with an electric wire 10; the axial direction of the static magnetic field is parallel to the light transmission direction of the rubidium atom steam chamber 5, and different filtering spectral lines of the atom filters are obtained by changing the rubidium atom steam chamber 5 filled with different buffer gases;
2) the temperature and the magnetic field of the rubidium atom steam chamber 5 are controlled through the temperature controller 6, the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8, so that the rubidium atom steam chamber 5 rotates the polarization plane of an incident signal to a certain degree;
3) adjusting the temperature and the size of the magnetic field, and increasing the polarization rotation angle of the signal light between the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8 until the polarization rotation angle approaches 90 degrees;
4) replacing the first rubidium atom vapor chamber, the second rubidium atom vapor chamber and the third rubidium atom vapor chamber to perform the experiment under the conditions from the step 1) to the step 3) to obtain transmission lines with different transmittances and linear types under the influence of the buffer gas as shown in fig. 2;
5) analyzing the change of the transmission spectral line of the atomic optical filter under the influence of temperature, a magnetic field, incident light intensity and buffer gas in a rubidium atom gas chamber, and obtaining the optimal unimodal atomic optical filter;
specifically, in the present embodiment, the rubidium atom vapor chamber 5 is placed between the first permanent magnet 7 and the second permanent magnet 8, the rubidium atom vapor chamber 5 is a cylindrical glass bulb, and the glass bulbs of the first rubidium atom vapor chamber, the second rubidium atom vapor chamber and the third rubidium atom vapor chamber are filled with the same amount of rubidium atoms87Rb atoms and different amounts of buffer gas Xenon, 0torr, 5torr, 25torr, respectively.
The structure is arranged in a magnetic shielding box 9, two ends of the magnetic shielding box 9 are respectively provided with a hole with the same height, diameter and size so as to enable light to penetrate through, and the rubidium atom steam chamber 5 is wrapped with a thermistor and a heating element and is connected to a temperature controller 6 through an electric wire 10, so that heating and temperature control of the rubidium atom steam chamber are realized.
FIG. 2 shows the magnetic field intensity at 220Gs87The transmission lines of Rb 780nm FADOF under different buffer gases and temperatures are respectively 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 170 ℃, 180 ℃, 190 ℃ and 200 ℃ in the rubidium atom vapor chamber 5 in the graph from 2(a) to 2(f), and the temperature is mainlyComprises mixing buffer gas Ar and N in a rubidium atom air chamber20torr (i.e., pure)87Rb atomic filter), an experimental group with a buffer gas of 5torr and an experimental group with a buffer gas of 25 torr; it can be seen that, in the experimental group with 5torr buffer gas, the transmission peaks at the center frequency and the edge frequency are lower at lower temperature, and as the temperature rises, the transmission peaks at both the center frequency and the edge frequency gradually increase, and even the transmission peak is split into complex multiple peaks when the temperature is too high; for the experimental group filled with 5torr of buffer gas, the transmission peak is generally lower than that of the experimental group filled with 0torr of buffer gas, but each transmission peak shows a distinct change trend along with the change of temperature, the transmission peak at the central frequency shows a trend of increasing first and then slightly decreasing along with the temperature, the transmission peak reaches the highest value at the temperature of 170 ℃, the transmission peak at the edge frequency is more complicated along with the change of temperature, but the transmission peak height is far lower than that of the central frequency, and the edge transmission peak can be eliminated or reduced as much as possible by selecting a proper temperature, so that the FAD shows a stable few-peak or single-peak structure; for the experimental group of 25torr buffer gas, which transmitted little light, the transmission peak caused by analyzing the excessive absorbance at the center frequency of the experimental group line was small.
In summary, the experimental group of the 0torr buffer gas presents a complex multi-peak transmission line when the temperature rises, the suppression of the sideband transmission peak of the 5torr buffer gas is more obvious when the temperature rises, the transmission peak at the central frequency is continuously raised, the sideband suppression effect is more obvious when the temperature is too high, the size of the transmission peak is basically kept unchanged, an obvious single transmission peak structure is presented, and although the experimental group of the 25torr buffer gas has a certain transmission peak when the temperature is lower, the line effect is far inferior to that of the experimental group of the 5torr buffer gas.

Claims (10)

1. A buffer gas sideband suppressed single peak atomic optical filter, comprising: the device comprises an external cavity semiconductor laser (1), a Glan-Tylar prism A (2), a Glan-Tylar prism B (3), a rubidium atom vapor chamber (5), a temperature controller (6), a first permanent magnet (7), a second permanent magnet (8) and a photoelectric detector (4); a Glan-Tylar prism A (2) is arranged on a light path of the external cavity semiconductor laser (1), a magnetic shielding box (9) is arranged behind the Glan-Tylar prism A (2), a first permanent magnet (7), a second permanent magnet (8) and a rubidium atom vapor chamber (5) are arranged inside the magnetic shielding box (9), and a thermistor is wrapped on the rubidium atom vapor chamber (5); the first permanent magnet (7) is positioned on the light path of the Glan-Tylar prism A (2), the rubidium atom vapor chamber (5) is arranged between the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8), and the rubidium atom vapor chamber (5) is positioned on the light path of the Glan-Tylar prism A (2); a Glan-Tylar prism B (3) is arranged behind the second permanent magnet (8), and a photoelectric detector (4) is arranged on the light path of the Glan-Tylar prism B (3); a temperature controller (6) is fixed on the rubidium atom steam chamber (5), and the temperature controller (6) is electrically connected with a thermistor wrapped on the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) through a wire (10);
the axial static magnetic field direction between the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) is parallel to the filtering direction of the rubidium atom steam chamber C; the middle parts of the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) can transmit light, and the polarities of the magnets of the two faces, which are opposite to each other, of the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) are opposite;
buffer gas is filled in the rubidium atom steam chamber (5), and both ends of the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) close to the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) can transmit light;
the polarization directions of the Glan-Tylar prism A (2) and the Glan-Tylar prism B (3) are perpendicular and orthogonal to each other.
2. The buffer gas sideband suppressed unimodal atomic filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external cavity semiconductor laser (1) is an external cavity semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 780 nm.
3. The buffer gas sideband suppressed unimodal atomic filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) is sequentially divided into a first rubidium atom steam chamber, a second rubidium atom steam chamber and a third rubidium atom steam chamber from left to right.
4. Buffer gas sideband suppression according to claim 3A unimodal atomic filter characterized by: the first rubidium atom steam chamber, the second rubidium atom steam chamber and the third rubidium atom steam chamber are all made of quartz glass; the specifications of the first rubidium atom steam chamber, the second rubidium atom steam chamber and the third rubidium atom steam chamber are as follows: the body diameter is 15mm, the body length is 50mm, the body wall thickness is 1.5mm, and the length of the condensation end is 20 mm; the first rubidium atom steam chamber, the second rubidium atom steam chamber and the third rubidium atom steam chamber are filled with the same amount of rubidium87An Rb element; the gas filled in the first rubidium atom steam chamber, the second rubidium atom steam chamber and the third rubidium atom steam chamber is 0torr, 5torr and 25torr respectively.
5. The buffer gas sideband suppressed unimodal atomic filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the buffer gas in the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) is Ar and N2The mixed gas of (1).
6. The buffer gas sideband suppressed unimodal atomic filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: ar and N in buffer gas2The mixing ratio of (1): 1.5.
7. the buffer gas sideband suppressed unimodal atomic filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) are annular permanent magnets; a polyimide heating sheet is arranged on the temperature controller (6); a voltage reduction power supply module is also arranged in the temperature controller (6).
8. A method of operating a buffer gas sideband suppressed single-peak atomic optical filter according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, 780nm laser generated by an external cavity semiconductor laser (1) passes through a Glan-Tylar prism A (2), a first permanent magnet (7), a rubidium atom vapor chamber (5), a second permanent magnet (8) and a Glan-Tylar prism B (3) in sequence, and is finally received by a photoelectric detector (4); the rubidium atom vapor chamber (5) receives 780nm laser emitted by the 780nm external cavity semiconductor laser (1), and the polarization plane of an incident signal is rotated by the rubidium atom vapor chamber (5) through the Faraday optical rotation effect of atoms and photons near a resonance energy level;
and 2, adjusting the temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) through a temperature controller (6):
step 2.1, heating the bubble wall of the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) by the temperature controller (6) through a polyimide heating sheet, and carrying out real-time monitoring on the temperature of the bubble wall of the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) by contacting an NTC thermistor; the resistance value change feedback of the NTC thermistor is converted into a temperature value and sent to a temperature controller (6);
and 2.2, comparing the actual temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) with the temperature set value of the temperature controller (6): when the actual temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) is lower than the temperature set value of the temperature controller (6), an output signal of the temperature controller (6) starts a voltage reduction power supply module in the temperature controller (6), the output voltage of the voltage reduction power supply module drives a polyimide heating sheet, and the polyimide heating sheet heats the rubidium atom steam chamber (5); when the actual temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) is higher than the set value of the temperature controller (6), the temperature controller (6) outputs a signal to stop the work of the voltage reduction power supply module in the temperature controller (6), and the temperature of the rubidium atom steam chamber (5) recovers the set value of the temperature controller (6); wherein the temperature controller (6) provides PID feedback regulation;
step 3, adjusting the position of the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) to adjust the size of an axial static magnetic field generated between the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8), and increasing the polarization rotation angle of the signal light between the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8) until the polarization rotation angle of the signal light approaches 90 degrees;
and 4, replacing the first rubidium atom vapor chamber, the second rubidium atom vapor chamber and the third rubidium atom vapor chamber, returning to execute the steps 1 to 3 to obtain different transmission rates and linear transmission spectral lines corresponding to different buffer gases, and comparing all the transmission spectral lines to obtain the optimal transmission spectral line of the single-peak atom optical filter.
9. A method of operating a buffer gas sideband suppressed unimodal atomic filter as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: in the step 1, the size and the direction of an axial static magnetic field formed between a first permanent magnet (7) and a second permanent magnet (8) are adjusted by adjusting the positions of the first permanent magnet (7) and the second permanent magnet (8), and the direction of the axial static magnetic field is the atomic filtering direction; the magnitude of the axial static magnetic field is 0-220 Gs.
10. A method of operating a buffer gas sideband suppressed unimodal atomic filter as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: the temperature control range of the temperature controller (6) in the step 1 is 0-210 ℃.
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