CN113054200B - Bipolar grid for lead-acid storage battery formed by compounding frame and lead wire - Google Patents
Bipolar grid for lead-acid storage battery formed by compounding frame and lead wire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113054200B CN113054200B CN202110265609.1A CN202110265609A CN113054200B CN 113054200 B CN113054200 B CN 113054200B CN 202110265609 A CN202110265609 A CN 202110265609A CN 113054200 B CN113054200 B CN 113054200B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plastic frame
- lead wire
- grid
- lead
- frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/72—Grids
- H01M4/73—Grids for lead-acid accumulators, e.g. frame plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
- H01M4/16—Processes of manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a bipolar grid for a lead-acid storage battery, which is formed by compounding a frame and a lead wire, relates to the field of lead-acid batteries, and aims to solve the problems of the conventional lead-acid storage battery. The bipolar grid is formed by compounding a plastic frame and a lead wire, the lead wire is wound on the bipolar grid, and a conductive net wound by the lead wire is clamped between two plastic frames with similar structures. The operability of the bipolar plate for the technical process and the battery performance of the lead-acid storage battery are improved. The invention is applied to the field of batteries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lead-acid batteries, in particular to a bipolar grid for preparing a lead-acid storage battery and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The application field of the existing storage battery mainly coexists two series, namely a lead-acid storage battery and a lithium ion storage battery. The new lithium ion battery has been advanced and developed in recent years with the advantages of high specific energy and long service life. Lead-acid batteries have been produced for over 160 years, and the working principle, the manufacturing technology, the equipment and the application field are all perfect and mature. Although the specific energy is low compared with the lithium ion battery, the lithium ion battery has low cost, good high and low temperature performance, good safety without fire and explosion and environmental protection (the recovery rate of lead reaches 99 percent, the mature and economic performance of the recovery technology is good, and the recycling of resources is good), so that the lithium ion battery still has wide application in places with less strict requirements on energy indexes. Such as the field of energy storage, and traditional applications. On the basis of the prior art, the service life, specific energy and other properties of the battery are further improved, so that the living space of the lead-acid storage battery is enlarged and the competitiveness of the lead-acid storage battery is improved, and the comprehensive utilization of resources is good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the conventional lead-acid storage battery, and provides a bipolar grid which is formed by compounding a frame and a lead wire and is used for the lead-acid storage battery.
The invention relates to a bipolar grid for a lead-acid storage battery, which is formed by compounding a frame and a lead wire, and comprises an upper plastic frame, a lower plastic frame and the lead wire;
the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame are the same in size, keels are arranged in the middle of the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame along the length direction of the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame, the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame are divided into a left part and a right part respectively, the upper parts of the keels in the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame extend upwards to form bulges, and a plurality of lead wire limiting structures are arranged on the keels; a plurality of grids are arranged in the left part and the right part of the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame; lead wire limiting columns are respectively arranged in the grids;
the lead wire is arranged in the lower plastic frame and is S-shaped; one end of the lead wire is fixed on a lead wire limiting column in a grid at the end part of the left part of the lower plastic frame, and the other end of the lead wire sequentially passes through the lead wire limiting structure and the lead wire limiting column in the grid at the right part and is fixed on the lead wire limiting column in the grid at the other end part of the left part of the lower plastic frame; or one end of the lead wire is fixed on the lead wire limiting column in the grid at the end part of the right part of the lower plastic frame, and the other end of the lead wire sequentially passes through the lead wire limiting structure and the lead wire limiting column in the grid at the left part and is fixed on the lead wire limiting column in the grid at the other end part of the right part of the lower plastic frame; the upper plastic frame is arranged on the lower plastic frame and connected together, and keel bulges of the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame are oppositely arranged.
The lead wire is a lead wire with high-strength glass fiber filaments coated with corrosion-resistant lead alloy.
Further, the grid is square or triangular.
Furthermore, two ends of the lead wire are subjected to hydrophobic treatment.
Furthermore, two ends of the lead wire are positioned at the left part or the right part of the lower plastic frame, two ends of the lead wire are arranged in the plastic frame at the same side of the keel, the part is used as a negative grid, and the plastic frame at the other side of the keel is used as a positive grid; wherein, the plastic frame is formed by combining an upper plastic frame and a lower plastic frame.
Furthermore, the grid width of the positive plate is equal to the grid width of the negative plate, and the thickness of the positive plate grid is larger than or equal to that of the negative plate grid.
Further, the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame are glued or welded together, and an S-shaped lead wire is arranged between the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame.
Furthermore, two ends of the keel respectively penetrate through the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame.
Furthermore, the lead wire limiting structure is a lead wire through hole arranged on the keel or a limiting groove arranged on the surface of the keel positioned in the lower plastic frame.
Furthermore, the bipolar grid structure consists of keels, a positive grid and a negative grid.
Preparing a lead-acid storage battery by adopting bipolar grids, arranging a plurality of bipolar grids in a lead-acid storage battery shell in a side-by-side staggered manner, wherein keels of the bipolar grids protrude outwards, and adjacent keels of the protruding bipolars are connected through an insulating sealing strip; the grid positioned on one side of the positive end of the lead-acid storage battery is a unipolar grid without the upper plastic frame or the lower plastic frame, and a lead wire of the unipolar grid is electrically connected with a positive terminal of the lead-acid storage battery; the grid positioned on one side of the negative end of the lead-acid storage battery is a unipolar grid without the upper plastic frame or the lower plastic frame, and a lead wire of the unipolar grid is electrically connected with a negative terminal of the lead-acid storage battery.
The frame is a plastic frame.
The bipolar grid of the invention is functionally divided into three parts: and 1, one side of the keel after keel combination is a negative grid, and the other side of the keel after keel combination is a positive grid. The combined keel is liquid-tight for the two sides of the positive and negative grids; 2, the positive grid is slightly thicker; and 3, the negative grid is slightly thinner.
The insulating sealing strip is sealed and waterproof (aqueous solution).
The bipolar grid of the invention can improve the performance of the lead-acid storage battery. The lead-acid storage battery pack connected in series adopts the structure shown in figure 1 and a series connection mode to form a quasi-bipolar battery. The battery is structurally characterized in that a shell of a single battery is not a container formed by sealing a common groove and a cover, but an independent single battery container is formed by keel sealing of adjacent bipolar polar plates and sealing between the groove body and a contacted keel head, and electric connection between two adjacent batteries in a series battery pack is completed. The electric connection of two adjacent batteries is completed by lead wires penetrating through the keels. The key of the bipolar plate is the structure of the bipolar plate grid.
The operability and the battery performance of the technical process of the lead-acid storage battery adopting the bipolar plate can be improved, and the lead-acid storage battery has the following advantages:
1, each bipolar grid is independent and discontinuous, and the mechanical strength is good, so that the operability of the polar plate processing technology is ensured to be good.
2, the bipolar grid is processed and formed before the lead paste is coated and filled, which is beneficial to the following steps: a, inspecting the quality, particularly the sealing property, of the grid before coating; b, being beneficial to continuing using the traditional plate coating equipment;
3, the keel structure of the grid can well complete the electronic conductive connection of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the adjacent batteries in the battery pack and can cut off the ionic conductive path of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The feasibility of using the bipolar grid is ensured from the grid;
4, the plastic frame ensures that the edge of the polar plate has clear boundary and no redundant active substances, thereby being beneficial to improving the cycle life of the battery;
and 5, compared with the traditional lead-acid battery grid, the corrosion resistance of the positive grid is improved due to the excellent high elastic modulus and corrosion resistance of the lead wires, and the cycle life is prolonged.
6, the batteries are connected in series through lead wires in the keels, so that the path of a series loop is greatly shortened, the uniformity of current density in the electrodes is improved, and the lead consumption is reduced
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a lead-acid battery pack made of a bipolar grid made of a plastic frame and lead wires; the lead-acid storage battery comprises a lead wire 3, a keel 4, a bipolar grid 10, a lead-acid storage battery shell 11, an insulating sealing strip 12, a positive terminal 13, a negative terminal 14, a positive grid 15 and a negative grid 16, wherein the lead wire 3 is a lead wire;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower plastic frame of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper plastic frame structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a bipolar grid of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic end view of a bipolar grid according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a bipolar grid of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description clearly illustrates the spirit of the present disclosure, and any person skilled in the art who knows the embodiments of the present disclosure can make changes and modifications to the technology taught by the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are provided to explain the present invention and not to limit the present invention.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are demonstrated by the following examples:
the plastic frame and lead wire composite bipolar grid (composite bipolar grid for short) is composed of two plastic frames, namely a lower plastic frame 2 (figure 2) and a net wound by an upper plastic frame 1 (figure 3) and lead wires 3 (figure 4), and the combined rear end face is schematically shown (figure 5). The structure is characterized in that: a conductive net wound by a lead wire 3 is clamped between two plastic frames with similar structures. The two plastic frames are composed of a keel 4 in the middle and grid-shaped grid bodies composed of grids on two sides. The shape of the mesh may be square or triangular. The grid of the assembled plastic frame should be staggered as shown. When the grid is formed, the conductive lead wires 3 are tightly clamped by the keels 4 of the two plastic frames, and the two plastic frames and the lead wires (the part at the intersection of the conductive net lead wires and the keels) are bonded together under the action of an adhesive to form a member with the strength meeting the requirement, and meanwhile, the keels 4 have good tightness and ensure that no ion conductive channel exists between the positive electrode and the negative electrode at the two sides of the keels;
lead wire winding rule
a, only one lead wire without a joint is used for each composite bipolar grid; and b, repeatedly penetrating the keels by the lead wires 3 between the grid regions of the positive plate and the grid regions of the negative plate, wherein the penetrating points are uniformly spaced. The lead wires 3 are uniformly distributed in the plate grid region to the maximum extent; c the two ends of the lead wire 3 must be hydrophobic treated. The two ends must also be retained in the negative grid; the lead wire processed in the way ensures the connection of two adjacent single batteries of the series battery pack, and the lead wire 3 penetrating through the keel 4 is not only a polar plate current collector but also a polar lug and a busbar. The distance between the lead wires 3 penetrating through the keels 4 is uniformly distributed, and the uniformity of current density at each position of the polar plate is ensured.
The height of the keel is the sum of the thickness of the positive plate and the negative plate, the thickness of the two compressed separators and delta
(the keel height is the dimension of the keel in the thickness direction of the grid, and the delta value is the dimension of the sealing strip after being compressed to a certain degree)
The keel head is an extension of the keel at both ends. The cross section is the same as the keel cross section. The insulating sealing strip c is an elastic strip-shaped object adhered to the n-shaped groove openings of the keel and the keel head, the length of the strip-shaped object is equal to the sum of the length of the keel and the lengths of the two keel heads, the sectional area is circular or annular, the diameter of the strip-shaped object is larger than a delta value, and the chemical property of the strip-shaped object is stable in the life cycle of the battery; the mechanical strength of the positive grid and the negative grid depends on the strength of the plastic frame, the uniformity of current density on the polar plate depends on the structural form of the lead wire mesh, and the diameter of the lead wire influences the ohmic internal resistance of the battery.
The lead-acid storage battery prepared by coating active substances on the bipolar grid of the embodiment has the following practical examination results according to the conventional technical route:
the discharge was carried out at a rate of two hours under the condition of a large amount of electrolyte, and when the thickness of the positive electrode plate was 5mm and the thickness of the negative electrode plate was 4.5mm, the positive and negative electrode capacities were both 3.6 Ah. It can also be calculated to yield: the capacity of the positive plate is 116 mAh/g; or 200mAh/cm 2 Negative grid capacity 124 mAh/g; or 200mAh/cm 2 。
Claims (6)
1. A bipolar grid for a lead-acid storage battery is formed by compounding a frame and lead wires, and is characterized by comprising an upper plastic frame (1), a lower plastic frame (2) and lead wires (3);
the size of the upper plastic frame (1) is the same as that of the lower plastic frame (2), keels (4) are arranged in the middle of the upper plastic frame (1) and the lower plastic frame (2) along the length direction, the upper plastic frame (1) and the lower plastic frame (2) are divided into a left part and a right part respectively, the upper parts of the keels (4) in the upper plastic frame (1) and the lower plastic frame (2) extend upwards to form bulges, and a plurality of lead wire limiting structures (7) are arranged on the keels (4); a plurality of grids (5) are arranged in the left part and the right part of the upper plastic frame (1) and the lower plastic frame (2); lead wire limiting columns (6) are respectively arranged in the grids (5);
the lead wire (3) is arranged in the lower plastic frame (2) and is S-shaped; one end of the lead wire (3) is fixed on a lead wire limiting column (6) in the grid (5) at the left end part of the lower plastic frame (2), and the other end of the lead wire (3) sequentially passes through the lead wire limiting structure (7) and the lead wire limiting column (6) in the grid (5) at the right part and is fixed on the lead wire limiting column (6) in the grid (5) at the other end part of the left part of the lower plastic frame (2); or one end of the lead wire (3) is fixed on a lead wire limiting column (6) in the grid (5) at the right part end part of the lower plastic frame (2), and the other end of the lead wire (3) sequentially passes through the lead wire limiting structure (7) and the lead wire limiting column (6) in the grid (5) at the left part and is fixed on the lead wire limiting column (6) in the grid (5) at the other end part of the right part of the lower plastic frame (2); the upper plastic frame (1) is arranged on the lower plastic frame (2) and connected together, and the bulges of the keels (4) of the upper plastic frame (1) and the lower plastic frame (2) are arranged oppositely; two ends of the lead wire (3) are subjected to hydrophobic treatment; the two ends of the lead wire (3) are positioned at the left part or the right part of the lower plastic frame (2), two ends of the lead wire (3) are arranged in the plastic frame at the same side of the keel (4) and are used as a negative grid, and the plastic frame at the other side of the keel (4) is used as a positive grid; wherein the plastic frame is formed by combining an upper plastic frame (1) and a lower plastic frame (2); the lead wire limiting structure (7) is a limiting groove arranged on the surface of the keel (4) positioned in the lower plastic frame (2).
2. The bipolar grid for lead-acid batteries, which is formed by compounding a frame and lead wires, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the grid (5) is square or triangular.
3. The bipolar grid for the lead-acid storage battery, which is formed by compounding the frame and the lead wire, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the grid width of the positive plate is equal to the grid width of the negative plate, and the thickness of the positive plate is larger than or equal to that of the negative plate.
4. The bipolar grid for the lead-acid storage battery, which is formed by compounding the frame and the lead wire, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the upper plastic frame (1) and the lower plastic frame (2) are glued or welded together, and the S-shaped lead wire (3) is arranged between the upper plastic frame and the lower plastic frame.
5. The bipolar grid for the lead-acid storage battery, which is formed by compounding the frame and the lead wire, according to claim 1, is characterized in that two ends of the keel (4) respectively penetrate through the upper plastic frame (1) and the lower plastic frame (2).
6. The bipolar grid for the lead-acid storage battery, which is formed by compounding the frame and the lead wire, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the bipolar grid structure consists of keels (4), a positive grid (15) and a negative grid (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110265609.1A CN113054200B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Bipolar grid for lead-acid storage battery formed by compounding frame and lead wire |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110265609.1A CN113054200B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Bipolar grid for lead-acid storage battery formed by compounding frame and lead wire |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113054200A CN113054200A (en) | 2021-06-29 |
| CN113054200B true CN113054200B (en) | 2022-09-27 |
Family
ID=76511437
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110265609.1A Active CN113054200B (en) | 2021-03-11 | 2021-03-11 | Bipolar grid for lead-acid storage battery formed by compounding frame and lead wire |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113054200B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114122411B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-01-17 | 超威电源集团有限公司 | Lead-acid storage battery and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111668497A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-09-15 | 湖北小凡智造科技有限公司 | Lead wire mesh-shaped storage battery bipolar plate and storage battery thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6953641B2 (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2005-10-11 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Battery grid |
| CN1312794C (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2007-04-25 | 许锷铭 | Horizontal bipolar type lead-acid accumulator and bipolar plate thereof |
| CN101202355A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-18 | 夏振明 | Long life high capacity bipolar-type pole plate lead acid battery for electric automobile |
| CN201374359Y (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2009-12-30 | 江苏华富控股集团有限公司 | High-voltage vehicle power battery |
| CN105977552B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2024-04-02 | 巨江电源科技有限公司 | Lead-acid horizontal battery |
| CN209786078U (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-12-13 | 淄博火炬能源有限责任公司 | bipolar battery grid |
-
2021
- 2021-03-11 CN CN202110265609.1A patent/CN113054200B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111668497A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-09-15 | 湖北小凡智造科技有限公司 | Lead wire mesh-shaped storage battery bipolar plate and storage battery thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113054200A (en) | 2021-06-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR100782993B1 (en) | Secondary battery | |
| CN103208633B (en) | Horizon battery and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN107305942B (en) | Winding type negative plate, battery cell with same and lithium slurry battery | |
| EP2472641A1 (en) | Nickel-zinc battery and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN201478392U (en) | High-power lithium ion power battery with collecting disc | |
| CN110165275A (en) | The manufacturing method of battery and battery | |
| CN102683755A (en) | Novel high-voltage lithium-ion power battery | |
| CN109687011A (en) | A kind of laminated lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113054200B (en) | Bipolar grid for lead-acid storage battery formed by compounding frame and lead wire | |
| CN209312934U (en) | A kind of laminated lithium ion battery | |
| JP4590723B2 (en) | Winding electrode battery and method for manufacturing the same | |
| TW201143190A (en) | Lithium ion battery assembly | |
| CN108199094A (en) | A kind of bipolarity Asymmetric Supercapacitor energy storage device and its bipolar devices | |
| CN112310410A (en) | Grid of lead-acid battery and lead-acid battery | |
| CN213546361U (en) | Current collector assembly, battery and object | |
| CN208368667U (en) | A kind of lead acid accumulator pole group | |
| CN207765561U (en) | A kind of coiled lithium ion battery | |
| CN219959092U (en) | High-rate solid-state battery | |
| CN210668579U (en) | Battery capable of reducing polarization | |
| CN1040484C (en) | High-power chemical battery | |
| CN214043743U (en) | Three-electrode lithium ion battery for testing | |
| CN211045527U (en) | Combined module of nickel-metal hydride battery for vehicle | |
| CN218919079U (en) | High-multiplying-power cylindrical battery | |
| CN114497912B (en) | Tab structure, welding method and battery | |
| WO2020253638A1 (en) | Composite electrode-based solid cell, laminated cell, composite cell and composite power cell |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |