CN113050197A

CN113050197A - Online full-analysis monitoring method of acid rain monitoring system

Info

Publication number: CN113050197A
Application number: CN202110292523.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 诸海琪
Original assignee: Hangzhou Qingzhiyuan Environmental Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Qingzhiyuan Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-18
Filing date: 2021-03-18
Publication date: 2021-06-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-18
Also published as: CN113050197B

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-line full-analysis monitoring method of an acid rain monitoring system, which comprises the following steps: step A: a step of detecting the amount of rain in a 35cc measuring bottle, wherein the step is divided into a detection step when the amount of rain in the 35cc measuring bottle reaches 35ml in 1 hour and a detection step when the amount of rain in the 35cc measuring bottle is less than 35ml in 1 hour; and B: the detection of the rainfall in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle is divided into a detection step after one rain day and a detection step when the rainfall is less than 35ml in one day. The on-line full-analysis monitoring method of the acid rain monitoring system can avoid monitoring interference of the positioning detection electrode on the rainwater to be detected due to corrosion or electrolysis in acid rain, reduce monitoring interference caused by residual liquid in a container and a pipeline, and make up for the detection and analysis loss of acid rain when the rainfall is insufficient.

Description

Online full-analysis monitoring method of acid rain monitoring system

Technical Field

The invention relates to an on-line full-analysis monitoring method of an acid rain monitoring system.

Background

The invention application with the publication number of CN1763795A discloses an automatic acid rain monitoring system, which is formed by connecting a central processing station and at least one monitoring substation through a communication network, wherein the central processing station comprises at least one computer and central station control software, the monitoring substation comprises an automatic acid rain monitoring device and a data acquisition device, the automatic monitoring device automatically senses rainfall and completes the measurement of each index, and the data acquisition device collects the data measured by the automatic acid rain monitoring device, processes the data and transmits the collected data to the central station through a communication line. The technical scheme of the invention improves heavy manual measurement into full-automatic remote monitoring, and greatly improves the detection precision. However, the monitored data is not comprehensive enough.

The invention patent with the publication number of CN 102998376B (application number of 201110269254.X) further improves the scheme, discloses an automatic acid rain sampling and analyzing system,

it comprises a base 2, a sample introduction unit 3 arranged in the base 2, a sample separation unit 4 arranged in the base 2, a measurement unit 5 arranged in the base 2, and a sampling unit 70 arranged in the base 2. The base 2 further comprises a rain collecting barrel 21, a dust cover 22 covering the rain collecting barrel 21, and a rain sensor 23 controlling the opening and closing of the dust cover 22. Because the ion measuring unit 6 is arranged in the base 2, the components of ions in rainwater can be analyzed by means of a chromatograph, so that the pollution ions causing acid rain can be analyzed, and the pollution source which can discharge the pollution ions at the periphery is controlled. However, the technical solution of this patent still has the following disadvantages in practical application:

firstly, because the electrodes of the rainwater quantifying bottle 31 for accurately metering the quantity of rainwater are soaked in rainwater to be detected, and the general electrodes are made of metal, the corrosion or electrolysis of the electrodes in acidic rainwater can cause interference on detection data of the rainwater to be detected;

secondly, a plurality of control valves respectively arranged on the pipelines are controlled by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) to achieve automatic operation and analysis, and the rainwater in the water storage bottle 32 flows into the first collecting bottle 42, the second collecting bottle 43 and the third collecting bottle 44 through the sample distributing pipe 41 only by collecting more than 35.34cc of rainwater per hour, however, the measurement method has no detection result when the rainfall is insufficient, and has great loss in detection and analysis of acid rain;

third, in order to reduce the influence of the previous residual rainwater on the measurement result of the next measurement, the residual rainwater in the measuring meter 52, the first collecting bottle 42, the second collecting bottle 43 and the third collecting bottle 44 is discharged and cleaned by pure water before the diversion operation, however, the pure water may remain in the pipeline (including the conduit, the measuring meter and the collecting bottle) due to the tension of the water, and the accuracy of the detection result of the next measurement is inevitably influenced.

Fourthly, in order to collect and measure rainwater, the rainwater quantifying bottle 31, the water storage bottle 32, the first collecting bottle 42, the second collecting bottle 43 and the third collecting bottle 44 are adopted, and the rainwater is complicated in structure, occupies a space and is increased in loss and residual interference due to long pipelines.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an on-line full-analysis monitoring method of an acid rain monitoring system, which can avoid monitoring interference of a positioning detection electrode on rainwater to be detected due to corrosion or electrolysis in acid rainwater, reduce monitoring interference caused by residual liquid in a container and a pipeline, and make up for the detection and analysis loss of acid rain when the rainfall is insufficient.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an on-line full-analysis monitoring method of an acid rain monitoring system comprises a rainwater collecting device, a rainwater measuring device, a rainwater sample reserving device, a sample separating unit with a rainwater measuring function, a pipeline cleaning device and a control device, wherein the rainwater collecting device comprises a rainwater collecting barrel and a dustproof cover controlled to be opened and closed by a rain sensor, the rainwater collecting barrel is communicated with an upper inlet of the sample separating unit with the rainwater measuring function through a rainwater supply conduit, the rainwater measuring device comprises an ion measuring unit, a temperature measuring unit and an acidity-alkalinity and conductivity measuring unit, the sample separating unit with the rainwater measuring function comprises a measuring bottle, a main shunt pipe at the lower end of the measuring bottle is communicated with a measuring groove of the acidity-alkalinity and conductivity measuring unit through a first shunt pipe, is communicated with the ion measuring unit through a second shunt pipe and is communicated with the rainwater sample reserving device through a third shunt pipe, be equipped with the rainwater on the rainwater supply pipe and advance a kind automatically controlled valve, be equipped with rainwater distribution measurement peristaltic pump on total shunt, be equipped with the survey groove on first shunt and advance a kind automatically controlled valve, be equipped with IC and advance a kind automatically controlled valve on the second shunt, be equipped with on the third shunt and be used for control to get into the rainwater stays a kind of device rainwater and stays a kind automatically controlled valve, include following step:

when the rain sensor senses rain and raindrops are larger than 0.5 mm, the control device controls the dustproof cover to be opened, the rainwater falling into the rainwater collection barrel enters a 35cc metering bottle from a rainwater supply conduit at the bottom of the rainwater collection barrel through an opened rainwater sampling electric control valve,

step A: rainfall detection in 35cc metering bottle

Step A1: when the rainfall in a 35cc measuring bottle reaches 35ml in 1 hour

When the rainfall in the 35cc metering bottle reaches 35ml within 1 hour, the rainwater overflows to the first positioning electrode detection bottle through the first overflow pipe, after the first positioning electrode detection bottle detects the rainwater, the control device obtains a corresponding electric signal,

step A1-1: closing the rainwater sampling electric control valve, discharging the rainwater through an electrode detection bottle emptying valve of a first positioning electrode detection bottle through a drainage main pipe if the rainwater amount in a 35cc metering bottle is more than 35ml, and discharging the rainwater through an overflow port through the drainage main pipe if the electrode detection bottle emptying valve is damaged and cannot be opened;

step A1-2: covering a dust cover, opening a drainage electric control valve of the rain collecting barrel, closing the drainage electric control valve of the rain collecting barrel after rainwater in the rain collecting barrel is drained through a drainage main pipe, opening the dust cover after the rain sensor detects rain at the next hour time point, and entering the next hour detection process;

step A1-3: the pH value and conductivity measuring unit is removed from protection

Opening a measuring unit drainage electric control valve at the lower end of the pH value and conductivity measuring unit, and closing the measuring unit drainage electric control valve after emptying the pure water protective liquid in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit;

step A1-4: detection of pH value and conductivity

Opening a sample introduction electric control valve of the measuring tank, closing an IC sample introduction electric control valve and a sample retention electric control valve, sending a running signal of a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump, starting the operation of the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump, sending a preset rainwater amount into the measuring tank by the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump, and analyzing a pH value detection bottle and a conductivity detection bottle;

step A1-5: protection of pH value and conductivity measuring unit

After rainwater is detected in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit, temporarily storing a sample, when cleaning, firstly opening a drainage electric control valve of the measuring unit, draining the rainwater through a drainage main pipe, then closing the drainage electric control valve of the measuring unit, supplementing pure water, closing a sample injection electric control valve of a measuring tank, and performing pure water protection of a pH value electrode;

step A1-6: sample retention

Opening a sample reserving electric control valve, closing an IC sample introduction electric control valve and a measuring groove sample introduction electric control valve, and sending a preset rainwater amount into a 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle by a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump;

step A1-7: anion and cation data analysis

A signal is given to the ion measuring unit to inform that the conditions of the sample are analyzed, the IC sample introduction electric control valve is opened, the sample retention electric control valve and the measuring groove sample introduction electric control valve are closed, and the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump filters the preset rainwater amount through a filter and sends the filtered rainwater amount into the ion measuring unit for analysis;

step A1-8: data transfer

The control device stores the time point, the current temperature, the rainfall, the pH value, the conductivity value and the anion and cation data of the current detection and transmits the data to the control center through the network;

step A2: when the rainfall in a 35cc measuring bottle is less than 35ml in 1 hour

When the rainfall in the 35cc measuring bottle is less than 35ml in 1 hour, the first positioning electrode detection bottle can not detect the rainwater,

step A2-1: the control device closes a rainwater sample injection electric control valve, a measuring tank sample injection electric control valve and an IC sample injection electric control valve at the upper end of a 35cc metering bottle, opens a sample retention electric control valve, operates a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump, and sends rainwater in the 35cc metering bottle into a 260cc sample retention cache bottle;

step A2-2: closing the sample retention electric control valve, opening the distribution electric control valve, and emptying the residual rainwater in the 35cc metering bottle to the main drainage pipe;

step A2-3: the control device judges whether the detection is finished once, if the detection is finished once, the distribution electric control valve is opened, and rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle is sent to one sample bottle in the refrigerating box for storage; if complete detection does not occur once, temporarily storing the rainwater in a 260cc sample-reserving buffer bottle;

and B: detection of rainfall in 260cc sample retention buffer bottle

Step B1: after a rain scene (calculated to 3 hours after no rain is detected), opening a bypass electric control valve, if the rainfall in a 260cc sample-reserving cache bottle reaches 35ml, detecting the rainwater by an electrode in a second positioning electrode detection bottle, and obtaining an electric signal sent by the second positioning electrode detection bottle by a control device, conveying the mixed rainwater of the scene to a 35cc metering bottle by a rainwater reverse flow metering peristaltic pump, and executing the steps A1-1-A1-8; if the rainfall in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle is less than 35ml and the electrode in the second positioning electrode detection bottle cannot detect the rainwater, no action is taken;

the control device judges whether the detection is finished once, if the detection is finished once, the distribution electric control valve is opened, and rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle is sent to one sample bottle in the refrigerating box for storage; if complete detection does not occur once, temporarily storing the rainwater in a 260cc sample-reserving buffer bottle;

step B2: rainfall is less than 35ml in one day

Opening a buffer bottle liquid level detection electric control valve after one day (after 24 hours from the beginning of no rain detection), and opening a distribution electric control valve to lower the rain water in 260cc sample retention buffer bottle into a sample bottle in a refrigerating box if the electrode in the second positioning electrode detection bottle cannot detect the rain water; if the electrodes in the second positioning electrode detection bottle detect rainwater, the control device obtains an electric signal sent by the second positioning electrode detection bottle, the mixed rainwater in the field is conveyed to a 35cc metering bottle through a rainwater reverse flow metering peristaltic pump, and the steps A1-1-A1-8 are executed;

the control device judges whether the detection is finished once, if the detection is finished once, the distribution electric control valve is opened, and rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle is sent to one sample bottle in the refrigerating box for storage; if a complete test does not occur, the rain water is still temporarily stored in a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle.

The on-line full-analysis monitoring method of the acid rain monitoring system is characterized by comprising the following cleaning steps of:

and C: washing with pure water with rainwater less than 35ml in 260cc sample retention buffer bottle

Step C1: after the sample retention is finished, if the rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle is less than 35ml, operating a second pure water pump, opening the cleaning pipeline electric control valve, operating for 20 seconds, injecting pure water into the 35cc metering bottle, if the pure water overflows to the first positioning electrode detection bottle, determining that the behavior belongs to a pure water cleaning state, opening an electrode detection bottle emptying valve after the positioning electrode detects the behavior, and emptying the pure water from an overflow port;

step C2: closing the sample injection electric control valve of the measuring tank and the sample injection electric control valve of the IC, operating the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump, only opening the sample retention electric control valve leading to the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle, operating for 20 seconds, sequentially opening the cleaning pipeline electric control valve at the edge of the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle and the sample retention pipeline cleaning exhaust valve, emptying cleaning water, and closing the cleaning pipeline electric control valve and the sample retention pipeline cleaning exhaust valve after the cleaning operation is completed.

The monitoring method of the acid rain total analysis on-line monitoring system is characterized by comprising the following steps of cleaning with pure water after complete detection:

step D: pure water cleaning step after complete detection

Step D1: after detection is finished, pure water is pumped from a second pure water barrel, a second pure water pump runs, an electric control valve of a cleaning pipeline is opened, the pure water in the second pure water barrel is filled into a 35cc metering bottle, if the pure water overflows to a first positioning electrode detection bottle, the behavior is determined to belong to a pure water cleaning state, an electrode detection bottle emptying valve is opened after an electrode of the first positioning electrode detection bottle detects the behavior, and the pure water from a first overflow pipe is emptied;

step D2: synchronously opening a measuring tank emptying valve of the pH value and conductivity measuring unit, and closing the measuring tank emptying valve after emptying the sample in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit;

step D3: the control device closes the IC sample injection electric control valve and the sample retention electric control valve through the switching of the electric control valves, opens the sample injection electric control valve of the measuring tank, delivers preset pure water through the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump, and closes the sample injection electric control valve of the measuring tank after the completion;

step D4: opening a sample retention electric control valve, a distribution electric control valve and a sample retention pipeline cleaning emptying valve of the third shunt pipe, operating the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump for 20 seconds, and positioning the lower screw positioner at the P position of the lead screw distributor;

the ion measuring unit is not cleaned, and the IC sample introduction electric control valve is always in a closed state.

The monitoring method of the acid rain full-analysis on-line monitoring system is characterized by comprising the following purging steps:

step E: purging step

And before each cleaning step is finished and the corresponding emptying valve is not closed, starting the air pump, purifying and filtering the air through the air purification filter, sequentially passing through the purging pipe, the second cleaning pipe and/or the third cleaning pipe, and blowing the cleaning water remained in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit, the 35cc metering bottle, the first positioning electrode detecting bottle, the 260cc sample reserving cache bottle, the second positioning electrode detecting bottle, the corresponding pipeline and the electric control valve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the online full-analysis monitoring method of the acid rain monitoring system, three collecting bottles are omitted, the structure is simplified, the reliability is improved, the sample division of the rainwater is more accurate, the rainwater can be independently supplied to one or two or all of the pH value and conductivity measuring unit, the ion measuring unit and the rainwater sample reserving device, and the functions are more complete; the elimination of the collecting bottle can reduce the loss of rainwater in the sample separating process and the detection interference of residues in the collecting bottle on rainwater components; the metal electrode of the external first positioning electrode detection bottle can not be mixed into the rainwater to be detected even if the metal electrode is corroded or electrolyzed in acidic rainwater, and can not interfere the detection data of the rainwater to be detected; when the rainwater sample of retaining at every turn detected inadequately, can preserve the rainwater sample of every hour (preferred, not higher than 10 milliliters at every turn), but when the system retained the sample rainfall volume that possesses the detection, the system can pass through the backward flow measurement peristaltic pump of rainwater with the rainwater sample and enter into the detection link once more, also has the testing result when the rainfall is not enough like this, and prior art does not possess this function yet.

The further beneficial effects are that: the gas generated by the air pump can thoroughly sweep away rainwater or pure water remained in the conduit, the pH value and conductivity measuring unit, the 35cc metering bottle and the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle due to the tension of water, so that the adverse effect on the next detection result is further reduced, and the accuracy of the detection result is further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged upper view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the middle of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the lower portion of FIG. 1;

the correspondence of technical features to reference numerals is as follows:

the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1, the blind sample liquid pump B2, the first pure water pump B3, the second pure water pump B4, the third pure water pump B5, the correction liquid metering peristaltic pump B6, the rainwater reverse flow metering peristaltic pump B7 and the air pump B8;

a rain collecting barrel 1, a pH value and electric conductivity measuring unit 2, a measuring tank 2-1, a detecting bottle 2-2, an electric conductivity detecting bottle 2-3, a measuring tank vent pipe 2-4, a 35cc measuring bottle 3, a first positioning electrode detecting bottle 4, a lead screw distributor 5, a refrigerating box 6, a sample bottle 7, a 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle 8, a second positioning electrode detecting bottle 9, a first pure water barrel 10, a second pure water barrel 11, a pure water buffer bottle 12, an air purifying filter 13, a correction liquid barrel 14, a correction liquid buffer bottle 15, a blind sample liquid cup 16, a rain measuring device which comprises an ion measuring unit IC, a rain collecting barrel thermometer T1, an atmospheric thermometer T2 near the rain collecting barrel and an ion measuring unit IC;

a rainwater supply conduit K0, a main shunt pipe Kz, a first shunt pipe K1, a second shunt pipe K2, a third shunt pipe K3, a first overflow pipe K4, a second overflow pipe K5, a reflux pipe K6, a first cleaning pipe K7, a second cleaning pipe K8, a third cleaning pipe K9, a fourth cleaning pipe K10, a purging pipe K13, a blind sample liquid pipe K12, a first correction liquid pipe K14 and a second correction liquid pipe K15;

the device comprises a rainwater sample injection electric control valve V1, a measuring tank sample injection electric control valve V2, an IC sample injection electric control valve V3, a sample retention electric control valve V4, a correction liquid electric control valve V5, a measuring tank flushing electric control valve V6, an electrode detection bottle exhaust valve V9, a measuring tank exhaust valve V10, a distribution electric control valve V11, a sample retention pipeline cleaning exhaust valve V12, a buffer bottle liquid level detection electric control valve V13, a cleaning pipeline electric control valve V14 and a purging electric control valve V15.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 4. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1:

the invention relates to an on-line full-analysis monitoring method of an acid rain monitoring system, which comprises the following steps:

the rainwater collection device comprises a rainwater collection barrel 1 and a dustproof cover controlled to be opened and closed by a rainwater sensor, the rainwater collection barrel 1 is communicated with an upper inlet of a sample distribution unit with a rainwater metering function through a rainwater supply conduit K0, the rainwater metering device comprises an ion metering unit IC, a temperature metering unit and an acidity-alkalinity and conductivity measuring unit 2, the sample distribution unit with the rainwater metering function comprises a metering bottle, a main shunt tube Kz at the lower end of the metering bottle is communicated with a measuring groove 2-1 of the acidity-alkalinity and conductivity measuring unit 2 through a first shunt tube K1, is communicated with the ion metering unit IC through a second shunt tube K2 and is communicated with the rainwater sample retention device through a third shunt tube K3, and a rainwater supply conduit K0 is provided with a sample introduction electric control valve V1, be equipped with rainwater distribution measurement peristaltic pump B1 on total shunt tubes Kz, be equipped with survey groove injection electric control valve V2 on first shunt tubes K1, be equipped with IC injection electric control valve V3 on second shunt tubes K2, be equipped with on third shunt tubes K3 and be used for controlling the entering the rainwater stays a kind of device rainwater and stays a kind electric control valve V4, as preferred: a heater 1-1 can be arranged in a rain collecting barrel 1 and used for heating the rain collecting barrel 1 in cold weather, the metering bottle comprises a 35cc metering bottle 3 and a first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 arranged outside the 35cc metering bottle 3, a quantitative overflow port is arranged in the middle of the 35cc metering bottle 3 and communicated with an inlet at the lower part of the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 through a first overflow pipe K4, an electrode detection bottle emptying valve V9 is arranged at the bottom of the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4, an overflow port 4-1 is arranged at the upper part of the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4, the height of the overflow port 4-1 is lower than that of the quantitative overflow port, when the rainwater in the 35cc metering bottle 3 reaches 35cc, the rainwater flows into the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 from the first overflow pipe K4, two detection electrodes in the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 are communicated through the inflowing rainwater, the control device obtains an electric signal that the rainwater in the 35cc measuring bottle 3 reaches 35cc in a wired or wireless mode; preferably, the 35cc measuring flask 3 is connected to the blind sample liquid cup 16 through a blind sample liquid pipe K12, and a blind sample liquid pump B2 is provided on the blind sample liquid pipe K12; the rainwater stays a kind device and includes: a screw distributor 5, a plurality of sample bottles 7 placed in a refrigerator 6, a 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle 8 and a distribution electric control valve V11 are sequentially arranged on a third shunt tube K3 between a sample reserving electric control valve V4 and the screw distributor 5 from top to bottom, a second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 is arranged outside the 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle 8, the 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle 8 is communicated with the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 through a second overflow tube K5, when rainwater in the 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle 8 reaches 35cc, the rainwater flows into the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 from the second overflow tube K5, two detection electrodes in the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 are communicated through the inflowing rainwater, the control device obtains corresponding electric signals through a wired or wireless mode, a buffer bottle overflow tube electric control valve V13 is arranged on the second K5, a reflux tube K6 communicated with the 35cc metering bottle 3 is further arranged in the 260cc sample reserving bottle 8, a rainwater reverse-flow metering peristaltic pump B7 is arranged on the reverse-flow pipe K6; the pipeline cleaning device comprises a first pure water barrel 10 and a second pure water barrel 11, wherein the first pure water barrel 10 is communicated with the upper end part of the rain collecting barrel 1 through a first cleaning pipe K7, a first pure water pump B3 is arranged on the first cleaning pipe K7, in order to better clean the rain collecting barrel 1, a flushing water pipe distributor 10-1 is arranged on the first cleaning pipe K7, the first cleaning pipe K7 is divided into four paths of rain collecting barrel flushing pipes through the flushing water pipe distributor 10-1, the water outlets of the four paths of rain collecting barrel flushing pipes are respectively positioned at the front, the back and the left and the right of the upper end part of the rain collecting barrel 1, the second pure water barrel 11 is communicated with the upper inlet of the 35cc metering bottle 3 through a second cleaning pipe K8655 and is communicated with a pure water buffer bottle 12 through a third cleaning pipe K9, a second pure water pump B4 is arranged on the second cleaning pipe K8, a third pure water buffer pump B measuring water pump B634 is arranged on the third cleaning pipe K9, the lower end of the cleaning pipe K86512 is communicated with the pure water buffer bottle 12 through a fourth cleaning pipe K23 and an electric control valve 6V 6 and is used The pH value detection bottle 2-2 of the unit 2 is communicated, and the pH value detection bottle 2-2 and the conductivity detection bottle 2-3 are both communicated with the measuring groove vent pipe 2-4 through a transverse pipe; a further preferable scheme is that a pipeline purging unit is arranged, the pipeline purging unit comprises an air purifier 13, an air pump B8 and a purging electric control valve V15, and after the air is purified and dried by the air filter 13, the air is communicated with the second cleaning pipe K8 and the third cleaning pipe K9 through a purging pipeline K13; a pH value correction unit can be further arranged, the pH value correction unit comprises a correction liquid barrel 14 and a correction liquid metering peristaltic pump B6, the correction liquid metering peristaltic pump B6 inputs correction liquid in the correction liquid barrel 14 into a correction liquid buffer bottle 15 through a first correction liquid pipe K14, and a liquid outlet at the lower end of the correction liquid buffer bottle 15 is communicated with the pH value detection bottle 2-2 through a second correction liquid pipe K15 and a correction liquid electric control valve V5;

the on-line full-analysis monitoring method of the acid rain monitoring system comprises the following steps:

when the rain sensor senses rain and raindrops are larger than 0.5 mm, the control device controls the dustproof cover to be opened, the rain water falling into the rain collecting barrel 1 enters the 35cc metering bottle 3 from the rain water supply conduit K0 at the bottom of the rain collecting barrel 1 through the opened rain water sampling electric control valve V1,

step A: rainfall detection in 35cc measuring bottle 3

Step A1: when the rainfall in the 35cc measuring bottle 3 reached 35ml in 1 hour

When the rainfall in the 35cc measuring bottle 3 reaches 35ml within 1 hour, the rainwater overflows to the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 through the first overflow pipe K4, two detection electrodes in the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 are conducted through the inflowing rainwater, the control device obtains an electric signal that the rainwater in the 35cc measuring bottle 3 reaches 35cc,

step A1-1: the control device closes the rainwater sampling electric control valve V1, if the rainwater amount in the 35cc metering bottle 3 is more than 35ml, the rainwater is discharged through the drainage main pipe P through the electrode detection bottle emptying valve V9, and if the electrode detection bottle emptying valve V9 is damaged and cannot be opened, the rainwater is discharged through the drainage main pipe P through the overflow port 4-1 of the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4;

step A1-2: covering a dust cover, opening a rain collecting barrel drainage electric control valve V7, closing a rain collecting barrel drainage electric control valve V7 after rainwater in a rain collecting barrel 1 is drained through a drainage main pipe P, and opening the dust cover after a rain sensor detects rain at the next hour time point to enter the next hour detection process;

Opening a measuring unit drainage electric control valve V10 at the lower end of the pH value and conductivity measuring unit 2, and closing a measuring unit drainage electric control valve V10 after pure water protective liquid in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit 2 is emptied;

step A1-4: detection of pH value and conductivity

Opening a sample injection electric control valve V2 of the measuring tank, closing an IC sample injection electric control valve V3 and a sample retention electric control valve V4, sending a running signal of a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1, starting the operation of the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1, sending a preset rainwater amount (preferably running for 10 seconds and 10ml of rainwater) into the measuring tank 2-1 by a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1, and analyzing the rainwater amount by an acid-base value detecting bottle 2-2 and a conductivity detecting bottle 2-3;

step A1-5: protection of pH value and conductivity measuring unit

After rainwater is detected in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit 2, temporarily storing a sample, opening a measuring unit drainage electric control valve V10 when cleaning, discharging the rainwater through a drainage header pipe P, closing a measuring unit drainage electric control valve V10, supplementing pure water, closing a measuring tank sample injection electric control valve V2, and protecting pure water of a pH value electrode;

step A1-6: sample retention

Opening a sample retention electric control valve V4, closing an IC sample injection electric control valve V3 and a measuring groove sample injection electric control valve V2, and sending a preset rainwater amount (preferably running for 10 seconds and 10ml of rainwater) into a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8 by a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1;

step A1-7: anion and cation data analysis

Giving an IC holding signal to the ion measuring unit, informing the existence of analysis sample conditions, opening an IC sample injection electric control valve V3, closing a sample retention electric control valve V4 and a measuring groove sample injection electric control valve V2, and filtering a preset rainwater amount (preferably running for 15 seconds and remaining 15ml of rainwater) by a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1 through a filter 16 and sending the filtered rainwater amount into the ion measuring unit IC for analysis;

step A1-8: data transfer

The control device stores the time point, the current temperature (rainwater temperature and atmospheric temperature of the rainwater collection barrel), the rainfall, the pH value, the conductivity value and the anion and cation data of the current detection, and transmits the data to the control center through the network;

step A2: when the rainfall in the 35cc measuring bottle 3 is less than 35ml in 1 hour

When the rainfall in the 35cc measuring bottle 3 is less than 35ml in 1 hour, the first positioning electrode detecting bottle 4 can not detect the rainwater,

step A2-1: the control device closes a rainwater sample injection electric control valve V1, a measuring groove sample injection electric control valve V2 and an IC sample injection electric control valve V3 at the upper end of the 35cc metering bottle 3, opens a sample retention electric control valve V4, operates a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1, and sends rainwater in the 35cc metering bottle 3 into a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8;

step A2-2: closing the sample retention electric control valve V4, opening the distribution electric control valve V12, and emptying the residual rainwater in the 35cc metering bottle to the drainage main pipe P;

step A2-3: the control device judges whether the detection is finished once, if the detection is finished once, the distribution electric control valve V11 is opened, and the rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8 is sent to one sample bottle 7 in the refrigerating box 6 for storage; if complete detection does not occur once, temporarily storing the rainwater in a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8;

and B: detection of rainfall in 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8

Step B1: after a rain (calculated to 3 hours after no rain is detected), opening a bypass electric control valve V13, if the rainfall in a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8 reaches 35ml, detecting the rainwater by an electrode in a second positioning electrode detection bottle 9, and obtaining an electric signal sent by the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 by a control device, conveying the mixed rainwater to a 35cc metering bottle 3 by a rainwater reverse flow metering peristaltic pump B7, and executing the steps A1-1-A1-8; if the rainfall in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8 is less than 35ml and the electrode in the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 can not detect the rainwater, no action is taken;

the control device judges whether the detection is finished once, if the detection is finished once, the distribution electric control valve V11 is opened, and the rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8 is sent to one sample bottle 7 in the refrigerating box 6 for storage; if complete detection does not occur once, temporarily storing the rainwater in a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8;

step B2: rainfall is less than 35ml in one day

One day (after 24 hours from the beginning of no rain detection), opening the buffer bottle liquid level detection electric control valve V13, if no rain is detected by the electrode in the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9, opening the distribution electric control valve V11, and putting the rain in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8 into one sample bottle 7 in the refrigerating box 6; if the electrodes in the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 detect rainwater, the control device obtains an electric signal sent by the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9, the mixed rainwater in the field is conveyed to the 35cc metering bottle 3 through a rainwater reverse flow metering peristaltic pump B7, and the steps A1-1-A1-8 are executed;

the control device judges whether the detection is finished once, if the detection is finished once, the distribution electric control valve V11 is opened, and the rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8 is sent to one sample bottle 7 in the refrigerating box 6 for storage; if a full test does not occur, the rain water is still temporarily stored in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8.

The on-line full-analysis monitoring method of the acid rain monitoring system further comprises the following cleaning steps:

and C: washing with pure water with rainwater less than 35ml in 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8

Step C1: after the sample retention is finished, if the rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8 is less than 35ml, operating a second pure water pump B4, opening a cleaning pipeline electric control valve V14 (at the moment, the rainwater sample injection electric control valve V1 is in a closed state), operating for 20 seconds, injecting pure water into the 35cc metering bottle 3, if the pure water overflows to the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4, determining that the behavior belongs to a pure water cleaning state, opening an electrode detection bottle emptying valve V9 after the positioning electrodes detect, and emptying the pure water from an overflow port;

step C2: closing a measuring groove sample injection electric control valve V2 and an IC sample injection electric control valve V3, operating a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1, only opening a sample retention electric control valve V4 leading to a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8, operating for 20 seconds to finish all water, sequentially opening a cleaning pipeline electric control valve V14 and a sample retention pipeline cleaning emptying valve V12 at the side of the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8, emptying cleaning water, and closing a cleaning pipeline electric control valve V14 and a sample retention pipeline cleaning emptying valve V12 after the cleaning is finished.

The pure water cleaning steps after the complete detection are as follows:

step D: pure water cleaning step after complete detection

Step D1: after the detection is finished, pure water is pumped from the second pure water barrel 11, a second pure water pump B4 is operated, an electric control valve V14 of a cleaning pipeline is opened (at the moment, the electric control valve V1 of rainwater sampling is in a closed state), the pure water in the second pure water barrel 11 is filled into a 35cc metering bottle 3, if the pure water overflows to a first positioning electrode detection bottle 4, the behavior belongs to a pure water cleaning state, an electrode detection bottle emptying valve V9 is opened after the electrode of the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 detects the pure water, and the pure water from a first overflow pipe K4 is emptied;

step D2: synchronously opening a measuring groove emptying valve V10 of the pH value and conductivity measuring unit 2, and closing a measuring groove emptying valve V10 after emptying the sample in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit 2;

step D3: the control device closes the IC sample injection electric control valve V3 and the sample retention electric control valve V4, opens the sample injection electric control valve V2 of the measuring tank, controls the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1 to operate for 10 seconds to convey 10ml of pure water, and closes the sample injection electric control valve V2 of the measuring tank after the operation is finished;

step D4: opening a sample-reserving electric control valve V4, a distribution electric control valve V11 and a sample-reserving pipe cleaning emptying valve V12 of a third shunt pipe K3, operating a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump B1 for 20 seconds to pump residual pure water, and positioning a lower screw positioner at the position P of a lead screw distributor 5;

the ion measuring unit IC is not cleaned, and the IC sample injection electric control valve V3 is always in a closed state.

In order to further improve the accuracy of the detection result, the method is also provided with the following purging steps:

step E: purging step

And before each cleaning step is finished and the corresponding emptying valve is not closed, starting an air pump B8, purifying and filtering the air through an air purification filter 13, sequentially passing through a purging pipe K13, a second cleaning pipe K8 and/or a third cleaning pipe K9, and blowing the cleaning water remained in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit 2, the 35cc metering bottle 3, the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4, the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8, the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9, the corresponding pipeline and the electric control valve. The gas generated by the air pump can thoroughly sweep away the rainwater or pure water remained in the conduit, the pH value and conductivity measuring unit, the 35cc measuring bottle and the 260cc sample buffer bottle due to the tension of water.

The acid rain monitoring system adopts a sample separating unit with a rainwater metering function, the sample separating unit with the rainwater metering function comprises a metering bottle, a main shunt pipe at the lower end of the metering bottle is communicated with a measuring groove of a pH value and conductivity measuring unit through a first shunt pipe, is communicated with an ion measuring unit through a second shunt pipe, and is communicated with a rainwater sample reserving device through a third shunt pipe, and rainwater is respectively provided for the pH value and conductivity measuring unit, the ion measuring unit and the rainwater sample reserving device through a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump and corresponding electric control valves arranged on the main shunt pipe One or two or all of the ion measuring unit and the rainwater sample retention device provide rainwater, so that the functions are more complete. The elimination of the collecting bottle can reduce the loss of rainwater in the sample separating process and the detection interference of residues in the collecting bottle on rainwater components; the metering bottle adopted by the acid rain total analysis online monitoring system comprises a 35cc metering bottle and a first positioning electrode detection bottle arranged outside the 35cc metering bottle, wherein the 35cc metering bottle is communicated with the first positioning electrode detection bottle through a first overflow pipe; the acid rain monitoring system of the invention adopts a rainwater sample reserving device which comprises: the lead screw distributor is arranged in a plurality of sample bottles in the refrigerating box, a 260cc sample reserving cache bottle and a distribution electric control valve are sequentially arranged on a third shunt pipe between the sample reserving electric control valve and the lead screw distributor from top to bottom, a second positioning electrode detection bottle is arranged outside the 260cc sample reserving cache bottle, the 260cc sample reserving cache bottle is communicated with the second positioning electrode detection bottle through a second overflow pipe, when rainwater in the 260cc sample reserving cache bottle reaches 260cc, the rainwater flows into the second positioning electrode detection bottle from the second overflow pipe, two detection electrodes in the second positioning electrode detection bottle are communicated through the inflowing rainwater, the control device obtains corresponding electric signals, a cache bottle liquid level detection electric control valve is arranged on the second overflow pipe, a backflow pipe communicated with a 35cc metering bottle is also arranged in the 260cc sample reserving cache bottle, and a rainwater backflow metering peristaltic pump is arranged on the backflow pipe, by adopting the structure, when the retained rainwater sample is not enough to be detected, the rainwater sample per hour can be stored (preferably, the volume is not higher than 10 milliliters at each time), but when the system retains the rainwater quantity of the detected sample, the system can enable the rainwater sample to enter the detection link again through the rainwater reverse flow metering peristaltic pump, so that the detection result is obtained when the rainwater quantity is insufficient, and the prior art does not have the function; the acid rain monitoring system is provided with the pipeline purging unit, the pipeline purging unit comprises an air purifier, an air pump and a purging electric control valve, and air is purified and dried by the air filter and then is communicated with the second cleaning pipe and the third cleaning pipe through the purging pipeline.

Example 2:

the acid rain full-analysis online monitoring system comprises a rainwater collecting device, a rainwater measuring device, a rainwater sample reserving device, a pipeline cleaning device and a control device, wherein the rainwater collecting device comprises a rainwater collecting barrel 1 and a dustproof cover controlled to be opened and closed by a rain sensor, the rainwater measuring device comprises an ion measuring unit IC, a temperature measuring unit, an acid-base value and electric conductivity measuring unit 2, the temperature measuring unit comprises a rainwater collecting barrel thermometer T1 and an atmospheric thermometer T2, the system further comprises a sample dividing unit with a rainwater measuring function, the rainwater collecting barrel 1 is communicated with an upper inlet of the sample dividing unit with the rainwater measuring function through a rainwater supply conduit K0, the sample dividing unit with the rainwater measuring function comprises a metering bottle, and a total flow dividing pipe Kz at the lower end of the metering bottle is communicated with a measuring groove 2-1 of the acid-base value and electric conductivity measuring unit 2 through a first flow dividing pipe K1, Keep a kind device intercommunication through second shunt tubes K2 and ion determination unit IC intercommunication, through third shunt tubes K3 and rainwater be equipped with rainwater and advance kind automatically controlled valve V1 on rainwater supply pipe K0, be equipped with rainwater distribution measurement peristaltic pump B1 on total shunt tubes Kz, be equipped with survey groove and advance kind automatically controlled valve V2 on first shunt tubes K1, be equipped with IC and advance kind automatically controlled valve V3 on second shunt tubes K2, be equipped with on third shunt tubes K3 and be used for control to get into the rainwater keeps a kind of electrically controlled valve V4 of keeping a kind device rainwater. A heater 1-1 can be arranged in the rain collecting barrel 1 and used for heating the rain collecting barrel 1 in cold weather.

Preferably, the measuring bottle comprises a 35cc measuring bottle 3 and a first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 arranged outside the 35cc measuring bottle 3, the middle part of the 35cc measuring bottle 3 is provided with a quantitative overflow port, the quantitative overflow port is communicated with an inlet at the lower part of the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 through a first overflow pipe K4, the bottom of the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 is provided with an electrode detection bottle emptying valve V9, the upper part of the first positioning electrode detection bottle 4 is provided with an overflow port 4-1, the height of the overflow port 4-1 is lower than that of the quantitative overflow port, when the rainwater in the 35cc measuring bottle 3 reaches 35cc, the rainwater flows into the first positioning electrode detecting bottle 4 from the first overflow pipe K4, the two detecting electrodes in the first positioning electrode detecting bottle 4 are conducted by the inflowing rainwater, the control device receives an electric signal indicating that the amount of rainwater in the 35cc measuring bottle 3 reaches 35cc by wire or wireless. Preferably, the 35cc measuring flask 3 is connected to the blind sample cup 16 through a blind sample tube K12, and a blind sample pump B2 is provided in the blind sample tube K12.

As a further preferred, the rainwater sample retention device includes: a screw distributor 5, a plurality of sample bottles 7 placed in the refrigerator 6, a 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle 8 and a distribution electric control valve V11 are sequentially arranged on a third shunt tube K3 between a sample reserving electric control valve V4 and the screw distributor 5 from top to bottom, a second quantitative overflow port is arranged at the middle lower part of the 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle 8, the second quantitative overflow port is communicated with an inlet at the lower part of a second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 through a second overflow tube K5, a buffer bottle liquid level detection electric control valve V13 is arranged on the second overflow tube K5, a cleaning pipeline electric control valve V14 is arranged at the bottom of the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9, a second overflow port is arranged at the upper part of the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9, the height of the second overflow port is lower than that of the second quantitative overflow port, when rainwater in the 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle 8 reaches 35cc, rainwater flows into the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 from the second overflow tube K5, two detection electrodes in the second positioning electrode detection bottle 9 are conducted through inflow rainwater, the control device obtains corresponding electric signals in a wired or wireless mode, a backflow pipe K6 communicated with the 35cc metering bottle 3 is further arranged in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle 8, and a rainwater backflow metering peristaltic pump B7 is arranged on the backflow pipe K6. The pipeline cleaning device comprises: a first pure water bucket 10 and a second pure water bucket 11, the first pure water bucket 10 is communicated with the upper end of the rain collecting bucket 1 through a first cleaning pipe K7, a first pure water pump B3 is arranged on the first cleaning pipe K7, in order to better clean the rain collecting bucket 1, a flushing water pipe distributor 10-1 is arranged on the first cleaning pipe K7, the first cleaning pipe K7 is divided into four rain collecting bucket flushing pipes through the flushing water pipe distributor 10-1, the water outlets of the four rain collecting bucket flushing pipes are respectively arranged at the front, the back and the left of the upper end of the rain collecting bucket 1, the second pure water bucket 11 is communicated with the upper inlet of the 35cc metering bottle 3 through a second cleaning pipe K8 and is communicated with the pure water buffer bottle 12 through a third cleaning pipe K9, a second pure water pump B4 is arranged on the second cleaning pipe K8, a third pure water pump B5 is arranged on the third cleaning pipe K9, the lower end of the pure water buffer bottle 12 is electrically controlled by a fourth cleaning pipe K10 and is electrically controlled by a flushing tank K6 and a pH value detection unit for detecting the alkalinity of the pH value of the acid and the alkali value of the acid-alkali 2-2, and the pH value detection bottle 2-2 and the conductivity detection bottle 2-3 are communicated with the measuring groove air permeability pipe 2-4 through horizontal pipes.

Further preferred embodiments are: a pipeline purging unit is arranged and comprises an air purifier 13, an air pump B8 and a purging electric control valve V15, and air is purified and dried through the air filter 13 and then is communicated with a second cleaning pipe K8 and a third cleaning pipe K9 through a purging pipeline K13. And an acid-base value correction unit can be further arranged, the acid-base value correction unit comprises a correction liquid barrel 14 and a correction liquid metering peristaltic pump B6, the correction liquid metering peristaltic pump B6 inputs the correction liquid in the correction liquid barrel 14 into a correction liquid buffer bottle 15 through a first correction liquid pipe K14, and a liquid outlet at the lower end of the correction liquid buffer bottle 15 is communicated with the acid-base value detection bottle 2-2 through a second correction liquid pipe K15 and a correction liquid electric control valve V5.

Claims

1. An on-line full-analysis monitoring method of an acid rain monitoring system comprises a rainwater collecting device, a rainwater measuring device, a rainwater sample reserving device, a sample separating unit with a rainwater measuring function, a pipeline cleaning device and a control device, wherein the rainwater collecting device comprises a rainwater collecting barrel (1) and a dustproof cover controlled to be opened and closed by a rain sensor, the rainwater collecting barrel (1) is communicated with an upper inlet of the sample separating unit with the rainwater measuring function through a rainwater supply conduit (K0), the rainwater measuring device comprises an ion measuring unit (IC), a temperature measuring unit, an acid-base value and conductivity measuring unit (2), the sample separating unit with the rainwater measuring function comprises a measuring bottle, and a main shunt pipe (Kz) at the lower end of the measuring bottle is communicated with a measuring groove (2-1) of the acid-base value and conductivity measuring unit (2) through a first shunt pipe (K1), Keep somewhere a kind device intercommunication through second shunt tubes (K2) and ion determination unit (IC) intercommunication, through third shunt tubes (K3) and rainwater on the rainwater supply pipe (K0) be equipped with rainwater and advance kind electric control valve (V1), be equipped with rainwater distribution measurement peristaltic pump (B1) on total shunt tubes (Kz), be equipped with survey groove and advance kind electric control valve (V2) on first shunt tubes (K1), be equipped with IC and advance kind electric control valve (V3) on second shunt tubes (K2), be equipped with on third shunt tubes (K3) and be used for control the entering keep somewhere a kind electric control valve (V4) of a kind device rainwater is kept somewhere to the rainwater, its characterized in that includes following step:

when the rain sensor senses rain and raindrops are larger than 0.5 mm, the control device controls the dustproof cover to be opened, the rain water falling into the rain collecting barrel (1) enters the 35cc metering bottle (3) from a rain water supply conduit (K0) at the bottom of the rain collecting barrel (1) through an opened rain water sampling electric control valve (V1),

step A: rainfall detection in a 35cc measuring bottle (3)

Step A1: when the rainfall in the 35cc measuring bottle (3) reaches 35ml in 1 hour

When the rainfall in the 35cc metering bottle (3) reaches 35ml within 1 hour, the rainwater overflows to the first positioning electrode detection bottle (4) through the first overflow pipe (K4), and the control device obtains a corresponding electric signal after the first positioning electrode detection bottle (4) detects the rainwater,

step A1-1: closing a rainwater sampling electric control valve (V1), discharging rainwater with the amount more than 35ml in a 35cc metering bottle (3) through a drainage main pipe (P) by an electrode detection bottle emptying valve (V9) of a first positioning electrode detection bottle (4), and discharging the rainwater through an overflow port (4-1) and the drainage main pipe (P) if the electrode detection bottle emptying valve (V9) is damaged and cannot be opened;

step A1-2: covering a dust cover, opening a rain collecting barrel drainage electric control valve (V7), closing the rain collecting barrel drainage electric control valve (V7) after rainwater in the rain collecting barrel (1) is drained through a drainage main pipe (P), and opening the dust cover after the rain sensor detects rain at the next hour time point to enter the detection process of the next hour;

Opening a measuring unit drainage electric control valve (V10) at the lower end of the pH value and conductivity measuring unit (2), and closing the measuring unit drainage electric control valve (V10) after the pure water protective solution in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit (2) is emptied;

step A1-4: detection of pH value and conductivity

Opening a sample injection electric control valve (V2) of the measuring tank, closing an IC sample injection electric control valve (V3) and a sample retention electric control valve (V4), sending a running signal of a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump (B1), starting the operation of the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump (B1), sending a preset rainwater amount into the measuring tank (2-1) by the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump (B1) for analyzing an acid-base value detecting bottle (2-2) and a conductivity detecting bottle (2-3);

step A1-5: protection of pH value and conductivity measuring unit

After rainwater is detected in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit (2), temporarily storing a sample, when cleaning, firstly opening a measuring unit drainage electric control valve (V10), discharging the rainwater through a drainage header pipe (P), then closing the measuring unit drainage electric control valve (V10), supplementing pure water, closing a measuring tank sample injection electric control valve (V2) and protecting the pH value electrode with the pure water;

step A1-6: sample retention

Opening a sample reserving electric control valve (V4), closing an IC sample injection electric control valve (V3) and a measuring tank sample injection electric control valve (V2), and sending a preset rainwater amount into a 260cc sample reserving buffer bottle (8) by a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump (B1);

step A1-7: anion and cation data analysis

A handshake signal is given to an ion measuring unit (IC), the condition of analyzing samples is informed, an IC sample injection electric control valve (V3) is opened, a sample retention electric control valve (V4) and a measuring groove sample injection electric control valve (V2) are closed, a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump (B1) filters the preset rainwater amount through a filter (16), and the rainwater amount is sent to the ion measuring unit (IC) for analysis;

step A1-8: data transfer

step A2: when the rainfall in the 35cc measuring bottle (3) is less than 35ml in 1 hour

When the rainfall in the 35cc measuring bottle (3) is less than 35ml in 1 hour, the first positioning electrode detection bottle (4) can not detect the rainwater,

step A2-1: the control device closes a rainwater sampling electric control valve (V1), a measuring tank sampling electric control valve (V2) and an IC sampling electric control valve (V3) at the upper end of the 35cc metering bottle (3), opens a sample reserving electric control valve (V4), operates a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump (B1), and sends rainwater in the 35cc metering bottle (3) into a 260cc sample reserving cache bottle (8);

step A2-2: closing the sample retention electric control valve (V4), opening the distribution electric control valve (V12), and emptying the residual rainwater in the 35cc metering bottle to the drainage main pipe (P);

step A2-3: the control device judges whether the detection is finished once, if the detection is finished once, the distribution electric control valve (V11) is opened, and rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8) is sent to a sample bottle (7) in the refrigerating box (6) for storage; if complete detection does not occur once, temporarily storing rainwater in a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8);

and B: detection of rainfall in 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8)

Step B1: after a rain, opening a bypass electric control valve (V13), if the rainfall in a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8) reaches 35ml, detecting the rainwater by an electrode in a second positioning electrode detection bottle (9), and obtaining an electric signal sent by the second positioning electrode detection bottle (9) by a control device, conveying the mixed rainwater in the field to a 35cc metering bottle (3) by a rainwater reverse flow metering peristaltic pump (B7), and executing the steps A1-1-A1-8; if the rainfall in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8) is less than 35ml and the electrode in the second positioning electrode detection bottle (9) cannot detect rain, no action occurs;

the control device judges whether the detection is finished once, if the detection is finished once, the distribution electric control valve (V11) is opened, and rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8) is sent to a sample bottle (7) in the refrigerating box (6) for storage; if complete detection does not occur once, temporarily storing rainwater in a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8);

step B2: rainfall is less than 35ml in one day

After one day, opening a buffer bottle liquid level detection electric control valve (V13), if the electrode in the second positioning electrode detection bottle (9) can not detect the rainwater, opening a distribution electric control valve (V11), and putting the rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8) into a sample bottle (7) in the refrigerating box (6); if the electrodes in the second positioning electrode detection bottle (9) detect rainwater, the control device obtains an electric signal sent by the second positioning electrode detection bottle (9), the mixed rainwater in the field is conveyed to a 35cc metering bottle (3) through a rainwater reverse flow metering peristaltic pump (B7), and the steps A1-1-A1-8 are executed;

the control device judges whether the detection is finished once, if the detection is finished once, the distribution electric control valve (V11) is opened, and rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8) is sent to a sample bottle (7) in the refrigerating box (6) for storage; if a complete test does not occur, the rainwater is still temporarily stored in a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8).

2. The on-line total analysis monitoring method of the acid rain monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following cleaning steps:

and C: the pure water with less than 35ml of rainwater in a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8) is used for cleaning

Step C1: after the sample retention is finished, if the rainwater in the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8) is less than 35ml, operating a second pure water pump (B4), opening a cleaning pipeline electric control valve (V14), operating for 20 seconds, injecting pure water into the 35cc metering bottle (3), if the pure water overflows to the first positioning electrode detection bottle (4), determining that the behavior belongs to a pure water cleaning state, opening an electrode detection bottle emptying valve (V9) after the positioning electrode detects the pure water, and emptying the pure water from an overflow port;

step C2: closing a measuring groove sample injection electric control valve (V2) and an IC sample injection electric control valve (V3), operating a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump (B1), only opening a sample retention electric control valve (V4) leading to a 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8), operating for 20 seconds (all water is filled), sequentially opening a cleaning pipeline electric control valve (V14) at the edge of the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8), a sample retention pipeline cleaning emptying valve (V12), emptying cleaning water, closing the cleaning pipeline electric control valve (V14) after completion, and cleaning the sample retention pipeline emptying valve (V12).

3. The monitoring method of the acid rain total analysis on-line monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps of washing with pure water after complete detection:

step D: pure water cleaning step after complete detection

Step D1: after the detection is finished, pure water is pumped from the second pure water barrel (11), a second pure water pump (B4) is operated, an electric control valve (V14) of a cleaning pipeline is opened, the pure water in the second pure water barrel (11) is injected into a 35cc metering bottle (3), if the pure water overflows to a first positioning electrode detection bottle (4), the behavior is determined to belong to a pure water cleaning state, an electrode detection bottle emptying valve (V9) is opened after the electrode of the first positioning electrode detection bottle (4) detects the pure water, and the pure water from a first overflow pipe (K4) is emptied;

step D2: synchronously opening a measuring groove emptying valve (V10) of the pH value and conductivity measuring unit (2), and closing the measuring groove emptying valve (V10) after emptying the sample in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit (2);

step D3: the control device closes the IC sample injection electric control valve (V3) and the sample retention electric control valve (V4) through the switching of the electric control valves, opens the sample injection electric control valve (V2) of the measuring tank, and conveys preset pure water through a rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump (B1), and closes the sample injection electric control valve (V2) of the measuring tank after the sample injection is finished;

step D4: opening a sample retention electric control valve (V4), a distribution electric control valve (V11) and a sample retention pipe cleaning emptying valve (V12) of a third shunt pipe (K3), operating the rainwater distribution metering peristaltic pump (B1) for 20 seconds, and positioning a lower screw positioner at the P position of the lead screw distributor (5);

the ion measuring unit (IC) is not cleaned, and the IC sample injection electric control valve (V3) is always in a closed state.

4. The monitoring method of the acid rain full-analysis online monitoring system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by comprising the following purging steps:

step E: purging step

And before each cleaning step is finished and the corresponding emptying valve is not closed, starting an air pump (B8), purifying and filtering the air through an air purification filter (13), sequentially blowing and drying the cleaning water remained in the pH value and conductivity measuring unit (2), the 35cc metering bottle (3), the first positioning electrode detection bottle (4), the 260cc sample retention buffer bottle (8), the second positioning electrode detection bottle (9), the corresponding pipeline and the electric control valve through a purging pipe (K13), a second cleaning pipe (K8) and/or a third cleaning pipe (K9).